CN109491071B - Multi-wavelength common-aperture laser transceiver device - Google Patents
Multi-wavelength common-aperture laser transceiver device Download PDFInfo
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- CN109491071B CN109491071B CN201811499407.8A CN201811499407A CN109491071B CN 109491071 B CN109491071 B CN 109491071B CN 201811499407 A CN201811499407 A CN 201811499407A CN 109491071 B CN109491071 B CN 109491071B
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- G—PHYSICS
- G02—OPTICS
- G02B—OPTICAL ELEMENTS, SYSTEMS OR APPARATUS
- G02B23/00—Telescopes, e.g. binoculars; Periscopes; Instruments for viewing the inside of hollow bodies; Viewfinders; Optical aiming or sighting devices
- G02B23/02—Telescopes, e.g. binoculars; Periscopes; Instruments for viewing the inside of hollow bodies; Viewfinders; Optical aiming or sighting devices involving prisms or mirrors
- G02B23/04—Telescopes, e.g. binoculars; Periscopes; Instruments for viewing the inside of hollow bodies; Viewfinders; Optical aiming or sighting devices involving prisms or mirrors for the purpose of beam splitting or combining, e.g. fitted with eyepieces for more than one observer
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- G—PHYSICS
- G02—OPTICS
- G02B—OPTICAL ELEMENTS, SYSTEMS OR APPARATUS
- G02B26/00—Optical devices or arrangements for the control of light using movable or deformable optical elements
- G02B26/08—Optical devices or arrangements for the control of light using movable or deformable optical elements for controlling the direction of light
- G02B26/0816—Optical devices or arrangements for the control of light using movable or deformable optical elements for controlling the direction of light by means of one or more reflecting elements
- G02B26/0833—Optical devices or arrangements for the control of light using movable or deformable optical elements for controlling the direction of light by means of one or more reflecting elements the reflecting element being a micromechanical device, e.g. a MEMS mirror, DMD
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Abstract
The invention discloses a multi-wavelength common-aperture laser transceiver device, which comprises a Galileo telescope group for compressing light beams, a front spectroscope for splitting received beacon light and signal source light according to the wavelength, a beacon positioning detection channel for one part of the beacon light, a communication transceiving channel for the other part of the beacon light, a high-speed vibrating mirror for quickly correcting the direction of transmitting and receiving light beams, a rear spectroscope for splitting the received signal source light and the transmitted signal source light according to the wavelength with high isolation, a communication receiving and coupling unit for coupling and receiving the communication light, and a communication light emitting optical system for transmitting the communication light. The invention adopts a design mode of integrating beacon detection tracking and information source transceiving communication with a common aperture, has the advantages of compact structure, small volume and high control precision, is suitable for miniaturization optimization of laser communication, and is successfully applied to the development of miniaturized airborne laser communication equipment.
Description
Technical Field
The invention belongs to the technical field of optical communication, and particularly relates to an optical mechanical device suitable for wireless optical communication of a movable platform.
Background
In the technical field of point-to-point mobile platform wireless optical communication, two or more independent channels are often adopted for tracking and communication respectively, an optical mechanical sensor occupies a large volume, and multi-optical-axis parallelism calibration is complex and poor in stability. Especially on an onboard platform, the traditional architecture often cannot meet the requirements of volume, power consumption and weight.
Under the condition, a common-aperture and multi-channel integrated mode is adopted, a transmitting-receiving optical channel is integrated, tracking and communication are considered, and the size, weight and power consumption of the equipment can be greatly reduced; meanwhile, the consistency of a plurality of optical axes can be ensured through material and structural configuration design, and the stability of the optical axes is easier to control compared with a plurality of independent optical channels.
At present, no similar device is reported in China.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention provides a multi-wavelength common-aperture laser transceiver device, which integrates beacon detection and communication receiving/transmitting into a single aperture to realize the unified control of real-time beacon detection and communication high-precision receiving/transmitting according to the defects of the prior art.
The technical scheme adopted by the invention for solving the technical problems is as follows: a multi-wavelength common-aperture laser transceiver device comprises a Galileo telescope group, a front spectroscope, a beacon detection channel, a vibrating mirror group, a rear spectroscope, a communication receiving coupling unit and a communication light emitting optical system which are sequentially arranged along the direction of an optical axis; the Galileo telescope group is used for compressing/expanding laser signals, and is used for compressing light beams for a receiving optical channel and expanding beams for an emitting optical channel; the preposed spectroscope is used for transmitting communication transceiving light beams with the wavelengths of 1530.33nm and 1550.12nm, separating beacon light with the wavelength of 808nm in the light beams, and reflecting the beacon light to a beacon detection channel for processing; the beacon detection channel is used for filtering interference light out of 808nm in the light beam and isolating the reflected interference light from background light in the environment; the galvanometer group is used for rapidly deflecting the communication receiving and transmitting light beam in two dimensions; the rear spectroscope is used for separating the received communication transceiving light beams: reflecting the communication light with the wavelength of 1530.33nm to a communication receiving coupling unit, deflecting the communication light with the transmission wavelength of 1550.12nm through a galvanometer group, transmitting the communication light through a front spectroscope and then performing beam expansion/divergence angle compression on the communication light through a Galileo telescope group, and then transmitting the communication light out; the information source receiving channel of the communication receiving coupling unit adopts narrow-band filtering; the communication light emission optical system adopts an optical fiber collimator to collimate the output light beam of the single-mode optical fiber (9 um) of the source laser.
The multi-wavelength common-aperture laser transceiver device further comprises a high-speed light spot deviation measuring channel, and a high-sensitivity PSD device is adopted to detect the position quantity of the light spots of the beacon for quickly measuring the target deviation and providing the tracking and aiming compensation calculated quantity.
In the multi-wavelength common-aperture laser transceiver device, the vibrating mirror group is arranged on a high-speed two-dimensional platform controlled by a driver.
The multiplying power of the Galileo telescope group of the multi-wavelength common-aperture laser transceiver device is 12.5 times.
In the multi-wavelength common-aperture laser transceiver device, the front spectroscope is provided with the multilayer dielectric film as the light splitting film, the reflectivity is better than 98 percent, and the transmissivity is better than 99 percent.
The detection channel of the multi-wavelength common-aperture laser transceiver device adopts a position sensitive detector.
The normal of the reflecting surface of the rear spectroscope of the multi-wavelength common-aperture laser transceiver device forms an included angle of 6-10 degrees with the optical axis of a transmission light path.
According to the multi-wavelength common-aperture laser transceiver device, the communication receiving coupling unit increases the isolation of communication receiving and transmitting laser through the front multistage narrow-band filter, and the aspheric lens is coupled to the single-mode optical fiber to facilitate subsequent amplification and receiving processing.
The optical fiber collimator of the multi-wavelength common-aperture laser transceiver device adopts a collimating mirror with the focal length of 3.6-4.8 mm and is used for controlling the output divergence angle of a light beam to be 0.15-0.2 mrad.
The communication light emission optical system of the multi-wavelength common-aperture laser transceiver device adopts a 1550nm laser light source of an MOPA system, adopts optical fiber coupling output, and outputs the output to a rear spectroscope through a coupling mirror.
The invention has the beneficial effects that:
the invention integrates three light paths of two receiving and emitting, wherein the beacon light adopts near infrared laser with 808nm, the communication receiving and emitting adopts short wave infrared laser, and the three light paths of beacon detection and communication receiving and emitting are integrated into a single input/output caliber.
The optical-mechanical device has the advantages that three light paths with different wavelengths share the same telescope group, and a telescope system is adopted for compressing or expanding light beams, so that the receiving detection and the compression of the divergence angle of the emitted light beams are facilitated.
The vibration mirror group is arranged on a communication transceiving common light path and is used for quickly deflecting communication transceiving light beams in two dimensions, so that the vibration mirror group can adapt to a high-mobility motion platform.
The communication transceiving light selects 1550.12nm and 1530.33nm wavelengths meeting ITU-T G.692 standard, and is combined with a rear spectroscope with high isolation to avoid spontaneous interference existing in a communication transceiving common optical path.
The rear spectroscope arranged on the communication transceiving light path is arranged at an included angle of 6-8 degrees, so that the difference of P wave reflection and S wave reflection is reduced, and the isolation of transmission and reflection wavelengths is enhanced.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a light path layout of the present invention;
FIG. 2 is a schematic view of the overall composition of the apparatus of the present invention;
FIG. 3 is a schematic view of a Galileo telescope set according to the present invention;
FIG. 4 is a schematic structural diagram of a beacon probe channel according to the present invention;
FIG. 5 is a schematic structural diagram of a communication receiving coupling unit according to the present invention;
fig. 6 is a diagram illustrating the structure of the receiving set 1530 according to the present invention.
The figures are numbered: the system comprises a telescope 1, a Galileo telescope 2, a front spectroscope 3, a beacon detection channel, a vibrating mirror 4, a rear spectroscope 5, a communication receiving coupling unit 6 and a communication light emitting optical system 7.
Detailed Description
The invention will be further explained with reference to the drawings.
Referring to fig. 1 to 6, the multi-wavelength common-aperture laser transceiver device disclosed by the present invention comprises seven parts, namely, a galileo telescope group 1, a front spectroscope 2, a beacon detection channel 3, a vibrating mirror group 4, a rear spectroscope 5, a communication receiving coupling unit 6, a communication light emitting optical system 7, and the like, which are sequentially arranged along an optical axis direction. The rear communication transceiving light splitting group is composed of a vibration mirror group 4, a rear spectroscope 5, a communication receiving coupling unit 6 (1530 receiving group) and a communication light emitting optical system 7 (optical fiber collimation group). The system also comprises a high-speed light spot deviation measuring channel, wherein a high-sensitivity PSD device is adopted to detect the position quantity of the beacon light spots, and the high-speed light spot deviation measuring channel is used for quickly measuring target deviation and providing tracking and aiming compensation calculated quantity; the optical system is designed to control the size of the light spot to be about 20 microns, and the detector can synchronously output signal frequency information. In the figure, the light beam indicated by the inner thick dotted line is a beacon light receiving light path, the light beam indicated by the middle thick solid line is a source emitting light path, 1550.12nm source light is emitted, and the light beam indicated by the outer thin dotted line is a source detecting light path, and 1530.33nm source light is received.
The whole optical-mechanical device integrates three light paths of two receiving (808 nm beacon detection light and 1530.33nm information source detection light) and one emitting (1550.12 nm information source emission light), wherein one light path is a beacon detection light path and is used for real-time positioning of a communication target and providing target deviation information required by tracking a closed loop for communication equipment; the other two paths are communication transceiving optical paths and are used for transmitting communication information; in order to integrate three light paths of beacon detection and communication transceiving to a single input/output aperture, the beacon light adopts near-infrared laser with the wavelength of 808nm according to the level of the current laser device and relevant international standards; short-wave infrared laser is adopted for communication transceiving, and meanwhile, 1550.12nm and 1530.33nm wavelengths which accord with ITU-T G.692 standard are selected for avoiding spontaneous interference existing in a common optical path of the communication transceiving. The shared vibration mirror group 4 is arranged in the communication transceiving optical path and is used for simultaneously compensating the deviation of the receiving and transmitting optical paths and keeping the stability of the communication link. Each part function of the optical-mechanical device is as follows:
the Galileo telescope group 1 is used for compressing or expanding light beams of all laser signals, compressing the light beams for a receiving optical channel and expanding the light beams for a transmitting optical channel; the multiplying power of the optical system is 12.5 times, the optical material is microcrystalline glass of a low thermal expansion system, and the structural component material is invar steel which is well matched with the microcrystalline glass.
The preposed spectroscope 2 is used for separating out the beacon light with the wavelength of 808nm in the light beam, reflecting the beacon light to the beacon detection channel 3 for processing, and transmitting the light with the wavelengths of 1530.33nm and 1550.12 nm; the light splitting film of the front spectroscope 2 is designed to be a multilayer dielectric film, 808nm laser is reflected by the light splitting film system according to the difference of three wavelengths, 1550nm laser and 1530nm laser are transmitted, the isolation degree is not lower than 20dB, the reflectivity is better than 98%, and the transmissivity is better than 99%.
The 808nm beacon detection channel 3 is used for isolating reflected interference light and background light in the environment, and filtering the interference light out of 808nm central wavelength by adding a +/-20 nm narrow-band filter; the detector adopts a position sensitive detector, and the optical system of the beacon receiving rear group controls the facula circle of confusion to be about 20um through optimized design, thereby improving the precision of position detection.
The galvanometer group 4 is used for rapidly deflecting the communication receiving and transmitting light beams in two dimensions so as to adapt to a moving platform; the galvanometer group 4 has two-dimensional reflection angle adjustment capability, very high closed-loop control frequency and control precision, a galvanometer deflection range is +/-1 degree, and PI control rate is used for control according to deviation amount on a galvanometer control algorithm. The mirror is plated with high reflection film, and the laser emissivity of the mirror is better than 98% for all wavelengths.
The rear spectroscope 5 is used for separating communication receiving and transmitting light beams, the received 1530.33nm communication light is reflected to the communication receiving coupling unit 6, the received 1550.12nm communication light is transmitted, deflected by the vibrating mirror group 4, transmitted by the front spectroscope 2 and expanded/compressed by the Galileo telescope group 1, and then emitted. The design of the rear spectroscope 5 light splitting film system is that 1550.12nm laser is transmitted and 1530.33nm laser is reflected according to the difference of the transmitting wavelength and the receiving wavelength, the reflectivity is better than 99%, the transmissivity is better than 97%, the isolation is not lower than 30dB, in order to reduce the difference of P wave and S wave reflection and enhance the reflection effect, the normal of the rear spectroscope 5 reflection surface and the optical axis of the transmission light path form an included angle of 8-10 degrees.
The communication receiving coupling unit 6 is provided with a front multistage narrow band filter and is used for increasing the isolation of communication receiving and transmitting laser; the communication receiving coupling mirror adopts an aspheric lens and is coupled to the single-mode optical fiber, so that subsequent amplification and receiving processing are facilitated;
the communication light emission optical system 7 adopts an optical fiber collimator to collimate the output light beam of the single-mode optical fiber (9 um) of the information source laser, and the focal length of the collimator lens is 3.6-4.8 mm and is used for controlling the output divergence angle of the light beam to be 0.15-0.2 mrad.
The device integrates the beacon light receiving for tracking and communication receiving and transmitting channels into a single aperture, reduces the physical channels of a front-end optical system, can greatly reduce the volume and weight of laser communication equipment, and realizes a compact structure; meanwhile, the communication transceiving antenna with a single aperture is adopted, so that the transceiving positioning precision of the information source beam can be effectively improved, and the communication quality of the system is improved.
The invention can perform beacon detection and information source transceiving in one optical channel, has self-interference resistance and reliable work, and is particularly suitable for a mobile platform wireless optical communication system with weight, power consumption and volume limitation on task load.
The invention is used for detecting a communication target by a laser communication system and transmitting and receiving common-aperture source light, can effectively reduce the size, weight and power consumption of the conventional laser communication system, enlarges the carrying platform of the laser communication system, and has wide application range.
Claims (7)
1. A multi-wavelength common-aperture laser transceiver device is characterized in that: the device comprises a Galileo telescope group (1), a front spectroscope (2), a beacon detection channel (3), a vibrating mirror group (4), a rear spectroscope (5), a communication receiving coupling unit (6) and a communication light emission optical system (7) which are sequentially arranged along the optical axis direction; the device also comprises a high-speed light spot deviation measuring channel, and a high-sensitivity PSD device is adopted to detect the position quantity of the beacon light spots;
the Galileo telescope group (1) is used for compressing/expanding laser signals;
the front spectroscope (2) is used for transmitting communication transceiving light beams with the wavelengths of 1530.33nm and 1550.12nm, separating beacon light with the wavelength of 808nm and reflecting the beacon light to the beacon detection channel (3) for processing; the front spectroscope (2) is provided with a plurality of dielectric films as spectroscopic films, the reflectivity is better than 98 percent, and the transmissivity is better than 99 percent;
the beacon detection channel (3) adopts a position sensitive detector and is used for filtering interference light out of 808nm in a light beam;
the vibration mirror group (4) is used for rapidly deflecting communication receiving and transmitting light beams in two dimensions;
the rear spectroscope (5) is used for separating the received communication transceiving light beams: the communication light with the wavelength of 1530.33nm is reflected to a communication receiving coupling unit (6), the communication light with the transmission wavelength of 1550.12nm is deflected by a vibrating mirror group (4), is transmitted by a front spectroscope (2), is expanded/compressed by a Galileo telescope group (1) and is emitted;
the information source receiving channel of the communication receiving coupling unit (6) adopts narrow-band filtering;
the communication light emission optical system (7) adopts an optical fiber collimator to collimate the output light beam of the single-mode optical fiber (9 um) of the source laser.
2. A multiple wavelength common aperture laser transceiver device according to claim 1, wherein said vibrating mirror group (4) is disposed on a high speed two dimensional platform controlled by an actuator.
3. The multiple wavelength common aperture laser transceiver device according to claim 1, wherein said Galilean telescope group (1) has a magnification of 12.5 times.
4. The device as claimed in claim 1, wherein the normal of the reflecting surface of the post-spectroscope (5) forms an angle of 6-10 ° with the optical axis of the transmission optical path.
5. The device as claimed in claim 1, wherein the communication receiving coupling unit (6) increases the isolation of the communication receiving laser through a multi-stage narrowband filter, and couples the communication receiving coupling unit to a single-mode optical fiber by using an aspheric lens, thereby facilitating subsequent amplification and receiving processes.
6. The multi-wavelength common-aperture laser transceiver device as claimed in claim 1, wherein the optical fiber collimator employs a collimator lens having a focal length of 3.6-4.8 mm for controlling the beam output divergence angle to be 0.15-0.2 mrad.
7. The multi-wavelength common-aperture laser transceiver device according to claim 1, wherein the communication light emission optical system (7) uses a 1550nm laser source made by MOPA system, and outputs the 1550nm laser source to the post-spectroscope (5) through a coupling mirror.
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| CN113612534B (en) * | 2021-07-01 | 2022-05-20 | 中国科学院西安光学精密机械研究所 | Optical system of miniaturized space laser communication terminal and using method |
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