CN102195123A - Secondary beamforming high-power circularly polarized base station antenna - Google Patents
Secondary beamforming high-power circularly polarized base station antenna Download PDFInfo
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- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 claims description 5
- -1 polytetrafluoroethylene Polymers 0.000 claims description 2
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Abstract
The invention discloses a secondary beamforming high-power circularly polarized base station antenna. The secondary beamforming high-power circularly polarized base station antenna comprises two groups of base station communication antenna combinations which are arranged symmetrically; the base station antennae can work at two required frequencies; each pair of base station communication antennae comprises a millimeter wave conical horn antenna, a square-waveguide-to-circular-waveguide transition device, a forming reflection board, a printing grid bar and a forming lens arranged in front of the forming reflection board, wherein the square-waveguide-to-circular-waveguide transition device is arranged below the millimeter wave conical horn antenna; the square-waveguide-to-circular-waveguide transition device is connected with the millimeter wave conical horn antenna; each forming reflection board is arranged above each millimeter wave conical horn antenna; the printing grid bar is arranged on the lower end face of the forming reflection board; the forming lens and the forming reflection board form an angle of 45 +/- 2 degrees; and the forming reflection board and a horizontal plane form an angle of 45 +/- 2 degrees. Therefore, the high-power circularly polarized base station antenna has a simpler and more flexible structure and works stably and reliably; and secondary forming of electromagnetic waves can be realized and the requirement that the shape of a wave beam is flexibly controlled can be met.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to a base station antenna, in particular to a secondary beam forming high-power circularly polarized base station antenna.
Background
The train-ground communication system of the high-speed railway is a large-capacity high-speed communication system which is proposed in recent years and mainly aims at short-time large-capacity data transmission of the high-speed train in the operation process and ground communication. Particularly, for the communication terminal antenna, the antenna is required to have high efficiency, high power, high gain, and above all, to have high directivity, especially for the communication system of the maglev train, so that the electromagnetic field of the maglev train itself does not cause great interference to the communication system. An antenna array is a feasible antenna form for ensuring high directivity of the antenna, but the large number of antenna elements inevitably leads to an increase in volume and weight of the antenna array; although the small antenna microstrip array can ensure the size and weight of the antenna array, the power and efficiency cannot be effectively improved.
Regarding the above technology, patent 200710093945.2 "base station millimeter wave communication antenna integrating shaping and polarization" proposes a concept of shaping and polarizing a beam emitted from a conical horn by using a reflective array antenna, and effectively solves the problems of beam polarization, shaping and antenna high power requirement. However, the antenna structure proposed in this patent has a limitation on the beam shaping degree, and the beam shaping mainly comes from two aspects, namely, the shaping effect of the reflective array on the reflective plate on the waveform emitted from the conical horn, and the compression effect of the circular arc of the reflective plate itself on a single direction of the beam. The disadvantage of the antenna beam shaping is that the finally formed beam shape of the emergent beam cannot completely meet the different requirements of the vertical plane beam of high-speed train (especially magnetic suspension train) communication in different geographic environments.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to provide a secondary beam forming high-power circularly polarized base station antenna, which can effectively avoid electromagnetic field interference of a magnetic suspension high-speed train, has simpler and more flexible structure, stable and reliable work and more accurate and flexible beam width design and can meet the requirement of flexibly controlling the beam shape.
In order to achieve the purpose, the invention is realized by the following technical scheme:
a high-power circularly polarized base station antenna for secondary beam forming is characterized by comprising a first group of base station communication antenna combinations and a second group of base station communication antenna combinations, wherein the two groups of base station communication antenna combinations are symmetrically arranged; each group of base station communication antenna combination comprises a plurality of base station communication antennas with the same structures, and each base station communication antenna can work at two required frequencies;
each secondary base station communication antenna comprises a millimeter wave conical horn antenna, a square waveguide-to-circular waveguide transition device, a shaping reflecting plate and a printed grid bar; wherein,
the square waveguide-to-circular waveguide transition device is arranged below the millimeter wave conical horn antenna and is connected with the millimeter wave conical horn antenna;
a shaping reflecting plate is correspondingly arranged above the millimeter wave conical horn antenna;
the printed grid bars are arranged on the lower end surface of the shaped reflecting plate;
the base station communication antenna also comprises a shaping lens used for secondary shaping, the shaping lens is arranged in front of the shaping reflecting plate, and the electromagnetic waves emitted from the millimeter wave conical horn antenna are refracted by the shaping reflecting plate and then horizontally and forwards emitted into the shaping lens.
The surface of the shaped lens facing the shaped reflecting plate is convex.
The surface of the shaped lens facing the shaped reflecting plate is concave.
The angle of inclination of the shaped reflecting plate and the horizontal plane is 45 +/-2 degrees.
And the printed grid bars arranged on the shaped reflecting plate in the first group of base station communication antenna combinations are obliquely orthogonal to the printed grid bars in the second group of base station communication antenna combinations.
The angle of inclination between the shaped lens and the shaped reflecting plate is 45 +/-2 degrees.
Compared with the prior art, the secondary beam forming high-power circularly polarized base station antenna has the following advantages:
the invention can carry out secondary beam forming on the outgoing wave emitted from the shaped reflecting plate by adopting the shaped lens with certain specification, and the shaped lens and the shaped reflecting plate form an included angle of 45 degrees +/-2 degrees, thereby having no influence on polarization, not only keeping a certain width of the outgoing wave in the horizontal direction, but also realizing extremely narrow beam in the vertical direction, and further meeting the technical requirements of forming a 38GHz base station communication antenna with fan-shaped beam and circular polarization characteristics. Therefore, the high-power circularly polarized base station antenna formed by secondary wave beams has a simpler and more flexible structure, can effectively avoid the interference of the electromagnetic field of a magnetic suspension high-speed train, has stable and reliable work, can meet the requirement of flexibly controlling the shape of the wave beams, and completely meets the different requirements of the vertical plane wave beams for the communication of the high-speed train (particularly the magnetic suspension train) in different geographic environments.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a perspective view of a secondary beamforming high power circularly polarized base station antenna of the present invention;
FIG. 2 is a schematic structural front view of a secondary beamforming high power circularly polarized base station antenna according to the present invention;
FIG. 3 is a schematic left view of the structure of a secondary beamforming high power circularly polarized base station antenna according to the present invention;
FIG. 4 is a schematic diagram of a right view of a structure of a secondary beamforming high power circularly polarized base station antenna according to the present invention;
FIG. 5 is a schematic diagram of a shaped reflector plate structure of a secondary beam shaped high power circularly polarized base station antenna according to the present invention;
FIG. 6 is an antenna pattern with convex lens surfaces in the secondary beam forming high power circular polarization base station antenna of the present invention;
fig. 7 is an antenna pattern with a concave lens surface in the secondary beam forming high power circular polarization base station antenna of the present invention.
Detailed Description
The invention is further illustrated with reference to specific embodiments below.
Referring to fig. 1 and 2, according to the requirement of the train-ground wireless communication antenna system, base station communication antennas (i.e. ground base station antennas) are respectively erected on antenna poles along the track at proper heights, and the base station communication antenna on each antenna pole should satisfy A, B communication of two communication networks at the same time. Each communication network requires two antennas for transceiving, operating at two frequencies respectively.
Therefore, for the purpose of universality, the secondary beam forming high-power circularly polarized base station antenna comprises a first group of base station communication antenna combinations and a second group of base station communication antenna combinations, wherein the two groups of base station communication antenna combinations are symmetrically arranged; each group of base station communication antenna combination comprises a plurality of base station communication antennas with the same structures, and each base station communication antenna can work at two required frequencies;
each secondary base station communication antenna comprises a millimeter wave conical horn antenna 2, a square waveguide-to-circular waveguide transition device 1, a shaping reflection plate 3, a printed grid bar 4 and a shaping lens 5.
The square waveguide-to-circular waveguide transition device 1 is arranged below the millimeter wave conical horn antenna 2 and is connected with the millimeter wave conical horn antenna 2; the millimeter wave conical horn antenna 2 adopts a conical horn antenna with proper opening angle and caliber, so that the primary field pattern is wider without cracking.
A shaped reflector plate 3 is correspondingly arranged above each millimeter wave conical horn antenna 2, as shown in fig. 5, the shaped reflector plate 3 is made of a dielectric material, and forms an inclination angle of 45 degrees +/-2 degrees with the ground, so that the outgoing waves emitted from the shaped reflector plate 3 can be kept in the horizontal direction; in order to meet the index requirements of the radiation lobe width of a directional diagram of a communication antenna of a base station (namely, the lobe width of an azimuth plane and the lobe width of a vertical plane), the lower end surface of the shaped reflecting plate 3 is a concave arc surface, and the arc surface is provided with a printed grid strip 4, so that the wave beam of the vertical plane of the millimeter wave conical horn antenna 1 is narrowed under the condition that the wide wave beam is not changed on the azimuth plane, thereby completing the first shaping of the wave beam, and the wave beam is changed from linear polarization to circular polarization, realizing the combination of wave beam shaping and polarization changing, and simultaneously changing the emergent direction of the wave beam from upward to forward to horizontal emission; the advantages of using circularly polarized beams are: (1) the anti-interference capability is stronger than linear polarization; (2) the circularly polarized antenna is arranged on a motor vehicle which swings or rolls violently, and information can be received in any state; (3) the use of circularly polarized antennas in television broadcasting or communications with image transmission can overcome ghosting.
Referring to fig. 3 and 4, referring to fig. 2, fig. 3 represents a view of the printed grating 4 of the shaped reflector 3 on the left side of fig. 2, and fig. 4 represents a view of the printed grating 4 of the shaped reflector 3 on the right side of fig. 2, it can be seen that the printed gratings 4 of the shaped reflectors 3 on the left and right sides are orthogonal in a slant direction, and the rotation directions of the two sets of base station communication antennas are opposite (left-hand circular polarization and right-hand circular polarization, respectively), so that the two polarizations are isolated from each other, and the mutual influence can be effectively overcome. The rotation directions of the base station communication antenna and the antenna facing the vehicle-mounted communication antenna need to be consistent.
Referring to fig. 1 and 2, in different environments, beam requirements for communication antennas are completely different, and in order to meet the universality under different beam requirements, a shaped lens 5 is adopted, the shaped lens 5 is perpendicular to a horizontal plane, is arranged in front of a shaped reflector plate 3, and forms an inclination angle of 45 ° ± 2 ° with the shaped reflector plate 3, an electromagnetic wave emitted from a millimeter wave conical horn antenna is refracted by the shaped reflector plate and then horizontally and forwards enters the shaped lens, the height of the center of the shaped lens 5 is equal to the central position of a main lobe of an emitted beam, and the position from the center of the millimeter wave conical horn antenna 1 on the horizontal distance is about 11 times of a wavelength λ, so that the shaped lens 5 can secondarily shape the wave emitted from the shaped reflector plate 3, and beam widths of different requirements in design requirements are realized.
Referring to fig. 6 and 7, the effect of the shaped lens 5 on beam shaping depends on different curvatures, if the shaped lens is a lens with a convex surface, the shaped lens 5 has a converging effect on the beam, and a fan-shaped beam pattern obtained after secondary shaping is shown in fig. 6, where the curve of the shaped lens 5 adopts a curve equation y2= 2 × p × z, where p is a constant; on the contrary, if the surface of the lens is concave, the lens has a diverging effect on the wave beam, and the fan-shaped lens is obtained after secondary shapingThe beam pattern is shown in fig. 7, and the curve of the shaped lens 5 adopts the curve equation z2/2-y22= 1. The shaping requirements are different for different beams and the curvature of the shaping lens 5 is adjusted accordingly.
The material of the shaped lens 5 is polytetrafluoroethylene, and the material is a common dielectric material, and has the advantages of low loss of transmitted waves, low price and the like. The shaped lens 5 made of the material can meet the beam shaping requirement on one hand, and the loss of the shaped projection wave is smaller due to the smaller dielectric constant of the material, so that the system loss is reduced.
In conclusion, the secondary beam forming high-power circularly polarized base station antenna provided by the invention can effectively avoid electromagnetic field interference of a magnetic suspension high-speed train, has more accurate and flexible beam width design, simpler and more flexible structure and stable and reliable work, and can completely meet different requirements of vertical plane beams for communication of the high-speed train (particularly the magnetic suspension train) in different geographic environments.
While the present invention has been described in detail with reference to the preferred embodiments, it should be understood that the above description should not be taken as limiting the invention. Various modifications and alterations to this invention will become apparent to those skilled in the art upon reading the foregoing description. Accordingly, the scope of the invention should be determined from the following claims.
Claims (7)
1. A secondary beam forming high power circular polarization base station antenna is characterized in that,
the antenna combination comprises a first group of base station communication antenna combinations and a second group of base station communication antenna combinations, wherein the two groups of base station communication antenna combinations are symmetrically arranged; each group of base station communication antenna combination comprises a plurality of base station communication antennas with the same structures, and each base station communication antenna can work at two required frequencies;
each secondary base station communication antenna comprises a millimeter wave conical horn antenna (2), a square waveguide-to-circular waveguide transition device (1), a shaping reflecting plate (3) and a printed grid bar (4); wherein,
the square waveguide-to-circular waveguide transition device (1) is arranged below the millimeter wave conical horn antenna (2), and the square waveguide-to-circular waveguide transition device (1) is connected with the millimeter wave conical horn antenna (2);
a shaping reflecting plate (3) is correspondingly arranged above the millimeter wave conical horn antenna (2);
the printed grid bars (4) are arranged on the lower end surface of the shaping reflecting plate (3);
the base station communication antenna also comprises a shaping lens (5) used for secondary shaping, the shaping lens (5) is arranged in front of the shaping reflecting plate (3), and the electromagnetic waves emitted from the millimeter wave conical horn antenna (2) are refracted by the shaping reflecting plate and then horizontally and forwards enter the shaping lens (5).
2. The secondary beam forming high power circular polarization base station antenna according to claim 1, wherein the material of the forming lens (5) is polytetrafluoroethylene.
3. The secondary beam forming high power circular polarization base station antenna according to claim 1, wherein the surface of the forming lens (5) facing the forming reflector plate (3) is convex.
4. The secondary beam forming high power circular polarization base station antenna according to claim 1, wherein the surface of the forming lens (5) facing the forming reflector plate (3) is concave.
5. The secondary beam forming high power circular polarization base station antenna according to claim 1, wherein the forming reflecting plate (3) has an inclination of 45 ° ± 2 ° with the horizontal plane.
6. The secondary beam forming high-power circularly polarized base station antenna according to claim 1, wherein the printed grid strips (4) arranged on the forming reflector plate (3) in the first group of base station communication antenna combinations are orthogonal to the printed grid strips (4) in the second group of base station communication antenna combinations.
7. The secondary beam forming high power circular polarization base station antenna according to claim 1, wherein the forming lens (5) and the forming reflector (3) form an inclination angle of 45 ° ± 2 °.
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| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
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| CN2011100731592A CN102195123A (en) | 2011-03-25 | 2011-03-25 | Secondary beamforming high-power circularly polarized base station antenna |
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| CN2011100731592A CN102195123A (en) | 2011-03-25 | 2011-03-25 | Secondary beamforming high-power circularly polarized base station antenna |
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Cited By (4)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN108649336A (en) * | 2018-05-17 | 2018-10-12 | 西安电子科技大学 | A kind of super skin antenna in three squints of bireflectance list transmission |
| CN112103621A (en) * | 2019-06-17 | 2020-12-18 | Oppo广东移动通信有限公司 | Electronic device |
| CN112701437A (en) * | 2020-12-22 | 2021-04-23 | 苏州度风科技有限公司 | Multi-beam forming antenna system applied to wind profile radar |
| CN113745848A (en) * | 2020-05-29 | 2021-12-03 | 华为技术有限公司 | Antenna, use method and communication base station |
Citations (3)
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| CN101222088A (en) * | 2007-12-20 | 2008-07-16 | 京信通信系统（中国）有限公司 | Compact intelligent antenna |
| CN101345344A (en) * | 2007-07-13 | 2009-01-14 | 上海磁浮交通工程技术研究中心 | Base station millimeter wave communication antenna integrating figuration and changed polarization |
| CN101345332A (en) * | 2007-07-13 | 2009-01-14 | 上海磁浮交通工程技术研究中心 | Vehicle-mounted millimeter wave communication antenna integrating figuration and changed polarization |
-
2011
- 2011-03-25 CN CN2011100731592A patent/CN102195123A/en active Pending
Patent Citations (3)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN101345344A (en) * | 2007-07-13 | 2009-01-14 | 上海磁浮交通工程技术研究中心 | Base station millimeter wave communication antenna integrating figuration and changed polarization |
| CN101345332A (en) * | 2007-07-13 | 2009-01-14 | 上海磁浮交通工程技术研究中心 | Vehicle-mounted millimeter wave communication antenna integrating figuration and changed polarization |
| CN101222088A (en) * | 2007-12-20 | 2008-07-16 | 京信通信系统（中国）有限公司 | Compact intelligent antenna |
Cited By (7)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN108649336A (en) * | 2018-05-17 | 2018-10-12 | 西安电子科技大学 | A kind of super skin antenna in three squints of bireflectance list transmission |
| CN108649336B (en) * | 2018-05-17 | 2019-10-25 | 西安电子科技大学 | A kind of super skin antenna in three squints of bireflectance list transmission |
| CN112103621A (en) * | 2019-06-17 | 2020-12-18 | Oppo广东移动通信有限公司 | Electronic device |
| CN112103621B (en) * | 2019-06-17 | 2023-05-30 | Oppo广东移动通信有限公司 | Electronic equipment |
| CN113745848A (en) * | 2020-05-29 | 2021-12-03 | 华为技术有限公司 | Antenna, use method and communication base station |
| CN113745848B (en) * | 2020-05-29 | 2024-03-01 | 华为技术有限公司 | Antenna, using method and communication base station |
| CN112701437A (en) * | 2020-12-22 | 2021-04-23 | 苏州度风科技有限公司 | Multi-beam forming antenna system applied to wind profile radar |
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Application publication date: 20110921 |