WO2018120197A1

WO2018120197A1 - Antenna and communication device

Info

Publication number: WO2018120197A1
Application number: PCT/CN2016/113898
Authority: WO
Inventors: 罗跃华; 樊建成; 李珍
Original assignee: 华为技术有限公司
Priority date: 2016-12-30
Filing date: 2016-12-30
Publication date: 2018-07-05
Also published as: CN110140257A

Abstract

An antenna and a communication device. The antenna comprises a feed, a secondary reflection structure, and a primary reflection structure. The feed is provided with a horn-shaped opening. The secondary reflection structure is connected to one side of the feed in which the horn-shaped opening is formed, is used for reflecting a feeding signal transmitted by the feed, and a one-dimensional ripple groove is formed in the secondary reflection structure. The primary reflection structure is provided with an arc-shaped reflection structure, and the arc-shaped reflection structure is used for reflecting a feeding signal transmitted by the secondary reflection structure. In embodiments of the present invention, by means of the feed combining a horn-shaped opening and a one-dimensional ripple groove cap, a low-bandwidth, a low-side-lobe sector beam antenna is implemented by combining an arc-shaped reflection surface. A directivity pattern of an initial feed is changed by adjusting structure parameters of the feed and the secondary reflection structure, the structure parameters comprising the shapes and the sizes the feed and the secondary reflection structure and the distance therebetween, and accordingly, the beam widths of a wide beam and a narrow beam are controlled, a high antenna gain and a feature of low side lobe are obtained, so that the antenna satisfies the universality and commercial protocol requirements of the antenna.

Description

Antenna and communication device

Technical field

The present application relates to the field of communications technologies, and in particular, to an antenna and a communication device.

Background technique

The hat feed reflector antenna comprises a circular feed waveguide, a central rotationally symmetric ripple slot hat sub-reflection surface and a parabolic reflector surface, and the hat sub-reflection faces the waveguide feed signal to form a reflection and reaches the main reflection surface. Parallel wave directional radiation is formed after being reflected by the main reflecting surface.

Compared with the common feedforward parabolic antenna, the back-feeding hat feed reflector antenna structure is more compact, and the waveguide length is short, which can realize a more uniform beam angle beam, thereby achieving higher antenna efficiency and low sidelobe characteristics. . The common reflector antenna forms a high-gain needle beam for high-frequency microwave long-distance communication. However, if there is a sloshing problem in the outdoor antenna installation facility, the transceiver antenna is easily deflected and the communication is faulty.

In order to solve the above problems, the prior art provides a box fan beam antenna, which includes a feeding horn, a cylindrical main reflector, a cylindrical sub-reflector, upper and lower covers, and left and right baffles. The busbars of the cylindrical main reflector and the sub-reflector adopt the Cassegrain antenna geometry, and the upper, lower, left and right sides of the cylindrical main reflector and the sub-reflector respectively pass through the upper and lower covers and the left and right baffles respectively. A box-shaped cavity is formed, and a horn for feeding the same is hidden inside the box-shaped cavity, and the feeding port is a waveguide port at the rear of the horn. However, the beam width of the fan beam antenna is narrow, and the beam width is wide. The beam width of the wide beam surface cannot effectively control the beam width and the sidelobe level, resulting in low antenna gain and sidelobe level. Meet commercial requirements.

Summary of the invention

The application provides an antenna and a communication device for improving the communication effect of the communication device.

The application provides an antenna, the antenna comprising:

a feed having a bell mouth;

a sub-reflective structure is connected to a side of the feed having a bell mouth and configured to reflect a feed signal emitted by the feed source, and a one-dimensional ripple groove is disposed on the sub-reflective structure;

a main reflective structure having a curved reflective surface for reflecting a feed signal reflected by the secondary reflective structure.

A wideband, low sidelobe fan beam antenna is realized by a feed form combining a bell mouth and a one-dimensional ripple groove hat with a curved reflecting surface, which is different from the wide beam of the conventional box type beam antenna. The gain is low, and the primary feed pattern is changed by adjusting the structural parameters of the feed and the secondary reflection structure, wherein the structural parameters include the shape, size, distance, etc. of the feed and the amplitude reflection structure, thereby controlling the beam of the wide beam and the narrow beam. The width and the face field of the reflective surface of the main reflection structure can achieve higher antenna gain and broadband low sidelobe characteristics, so that the antenna satisfies the universality of the antenna and the commercial protocol requirements.

In one possible design, the flare of the feed is connected to the secondary reflective structure by a metal wall. The secondary reflection structure is connected to the feed by using a metal wall, and the spacing between the secondary reflection structure and the bell mouth is small, which facilitates the alignment between the secondary reflection structure and the horn.

In one possible design, the number of metal walls is two, and two metal walls are oppositely disposed, and the metal walls are perpendicular to the length direction of the one-dimensional ripple groove.

In one possible design, the opening of the bell mouth is rectangular, and the length direction of the one-dimensional ripple groove is parallel to one edge of the bell mouth.

In one possible design, the secondary reflective structure of the antenna is disposed coaxially with the bell mouth. Thereby ensuring that the secondary reflection structure can well reflect the feed signal emitted by the feed. Optionally, a side of the partition wall between the two one-dimensional ripple grooves in the middle portion of the auxiliary reflection structure facing the feed is a V-shaped pointed structure, and the pointed structure forms a matching power with the bell mouth. The structure ensures that the signal is matched in the transmission from the bell mouth to the two-dimensional ripple groove.

In a possible design, the main reflective structure further includes two side plates, and the two side plates are respectively fixedly connected with the curved reflecting surface to form a box body, and the feeding source and the sub-reflecting structure It is disposed inside the casing. The feed and the secondary reflection structure can be well protected by the formed casing.

In one possible design, the two side panels are made of metal. Thereby enhancing the whole The strength of the main reflective structure of the antenna. Optionally, the side panel is a T-shaped side panel to reduce the weight of the main reflective structure.

In a possible design, the feed source, the two metal walls and the secondary reflection structure enclose two radiation mouth surfaces, the curved reflection surface includes two oppositely disposed paraboloids, and the focus positions of the two paraboloids are respectively It coincides with the phase center position of the two radiating faces. The bifocal reflector can effectively adapt the phase center distribution of the radiation pattern of the horn feeder and the hat-type sub-reflection structure, and the short focal length can effectively control the sidelobe level, achieving high antenna efficiency and low side lobes. characteristic.

The embodiment of the present application further provides a communication device, which includes the antenna according to any one of the above.

In the above embodiment, a broadband, low sidelobe fan beam antenna is realized by a feed form combining a bell mouth and a one-dimensional ripple groove hat, and a curved reflector beam, which is different from the conventional box fan beam. The wide beam of the antenna has a wide width and a low gain. The primary feed pattern is changed by adjusting the structural parameters of the feed and the secondary reflection structure, wherein the structural parameters include the shape, size, distance, etc. of the feed and the amplitude reflection structure, thereby controlling the width. The beam width of the beam and the narrow beam and the surface field of the reflecting surface of the main reflection structure can obtain higher antenna gain and broadband low sidelobe characteristics, so that the antenna satisfies the universality of the antenna and the commercial protocol requirements.

DRAWINGS

1 is a perspective view of an antenna according to an embodiment of the present application;

2 is a cross-sectional view showing an xz plane of a feed source and a sub-reflective structure according to an embodiment of the present application;

3 is a cross-sectional view showing a yz plane of a feed source and a sub-reflective structure according to an embodiment of the present application;

4 is a schematic diagram of a main reflection structure provided by an embodiment of the present application;

FIG. 5 is a schematic diagram of a feed source and a secondary reflection structure according to an embodiment of the present application;

FIG. 6 is a schematic diagram of an antenna according to an embodiment of the present application.

Reference mark:

10-feed 11-horn 20-side reflection structure

21-one-dimensional ripple groove 30-main reflection structure 31-side plate

32-first paraboloid 33-second paraboloid 40-metal wall

50-positioning pin

detailed description

The embodiments of the present application will be further described below with reference to the accompanying drawings.

Referring first to FIG. 1 , the antenna provided in this embodiment includes three parts: a feed 10 , a sub-reflective structure 20 , and a main reflective structure 30 . The feed 10 is used to transmit a feed signal. For details, refer to FIG. 2 and FIG. 3. The feed 10 has a cylindrical structure, and the cylindrical structure may have a different shape such as a circle or a square, and the column structure has a hollow body. In addition, the feed 10 has a bell mouth 11 . Specifically, at the top of the feed source 10 (with the direction in which the feed source 10 is placed in FIG. 2 as a reference direction), a bell mouth 11 is provided, and the bell mouth 11 is used for feeding The transmission of the signal. In a specific embodiment, referring to FIG. 2 and FIG. 3 together, the opening of the bell mouth 11 has a rectangular shape, that is, the side wall of the bell mouth 11 has four, and the four side walls are surrounded by an inverted one. Square table shape.

With continued reference to FIG. 1, the antenna provided in this embodiment further includes a sub-reflective structure 20 and a main reflective structure 30. The sub-reflective structure 20 cooperates with the main reflective structure 30 to realize the function of transmitting the feeding signal to complete the antenna. First, for the secondary reflective structure 20, the secondary reflective structure 20 is used to reflect the feed signal emitted by the feed 10. Specifically, the secondary reflective structure 20 adopts a hat-shaped structure, and the secondary reflective structure 20 is A one-dimensional ripple groove 21 for changing the beam width of the feed signal is provided. The structure of the one-dimensional ripple groove 21 is different from the structural state (annular) of the conventional ripple groove, that is, the one-dimensional ripple groove is a straight strip-shaped ripple groove, in a specific arrangement, the opening direction of the one-dimensional ripple groove 21 faces the bell mouth 11, and the length direction of the one-dimensional ripple groove 21 adopts a parallel arrangement manner, as shown in FIG. For example, the opening of the bell mouth 11 is rectangular, and the length direction of the one-dimensional ripple groove 21 is parallel to one edge of the bell mouth 11. Referring to FIG. 1 together, taking the coordinates constructed in FIG. 1 as an example, The longitudinal direction of the one-dimensional ripple groove 21 may be in the x direction or in the y direction. In the illustration shown in FIG. 2, the longitudinal direction of the one-dimensional ripple groove 21 is along the y direction (perpendicular to the figure). The direction of the XOZ plane shown in 2). Taking the structure shown in FIG. 2 and FIG. 3 as an example, when the feed signal is reflected by the one-dimensional ripple groove 21 of the sub-reflection structure 20 shown in FIG. 2, the XOZ plane is perpendicular to the direction of the ripple groove. When the surface forms a wide beam and the feed signal is reflected by the portion of the sub-reflection structure 20 shown in FIG. 3, the feed signal is directly reflected, and the beam width of the YOZ plane parallel to the direction of the ripple groove does not change. Referring to FIG. 5 together, FIG. 5 shows a simulation diagram of the flared feed 10 and the secondary reflection structure 20. As can be seen from FIG. 5, the feed 10 is a horn opening to the secondary reflection in the XOZ plane. When the one-dimensional ripple groove portion of the structure 20 is fed, a pattern of the horizontal feed 10 of the large opening angle can be realized. The feed 10 is a horn opening and a hat portion of a secondary reflecting structure 20 on the YOZ plane, ultimately forming a pitch plane pattern with a relatively narrow beam width.

For the shape of the sub-reflective structure 20, as shown in FIG. 2, in a specific embodiment, the side wall between the two one-dimensional ripple grooves 21 in the middle portion of the sub-reflective structure 20 faces the side of the feed 10 It is a V-shaped pointed structure. The two partition walls adjacent to the partition wall are also inclined slopes on one side of the feed source 10, and the inclined directions of the slopes are all oriented toward the intermediate position. The pointed structure forms a matching power dividing structure with the bell mouth 11 to ensure the transmission of the signal in the bell mouth to the two-dimensional ripple groove. Therefore, the impedance matching transition of the bell mouth to the ripple groove hat is facilitated, and the broadband characteristics of the feed source are consistent.

In a specific example, the sub-reflective structure 20 is connected to the side of the feed 10 having the bell mouth 11, that is, the sub-reflective structure 20 and the feed 10 provided in the embodiment are fixed to each other, and the sub-reflection is specifically connected. The structure 20 is disposed coaxially with the bell mouth 11. Therefore, the auxiliary reflection structure 20 can be well reflected by the feed signal emitted by the feed source 10, as shown in FIG. 2 and FIG. 3, the feed source 10 and the sub-reflective structure 20 are positioned by the positioning pin 50, and the feed source 10 is The bell mouth 11 is connected to the sub-reflecting structure 20 through the metal wall 40. As shown in FIG. 2, the side wall of the bell mouth 11 is connected with a metal wall 40 having a certain supporting strength and the other end of the metal wall 40. It is connected to the sub-reflective structure 20 such that the sub-reflective structure 20 and the feed 10 are fixed to each other. Optionally, the number of the metal walls 40 is two and oppositely disposed. As shown in FIG. 2, two opposite metal walls 40 are perpendicular to the length direction of the one-dimensional ripple groove 21, and two metal walls are disposed. A channel through which the feed signal passes is formed 40 such that the feed signal reflected by the sub-reflective structure 20 can propagate on the primary reflective surface. When the above structure is employed, the distance between the feed source 10 and the sub-reflective structure 20 can be controlled by adjusting the size of the metal wall 40. In addition, the metal walls 40 are connected such that the spacing between the secondary reflective structures 20 and the feed 10 is small, facilitating alignment between the secondary reflective structures 20 and the feed 10.

In the above embodiment, the primary feed pattern is changed by adjusting the structural parameters of the feed 10 and the secondary reflection structure 20, wherein the structural parameters include the shape, size, distance, etc. of the feed 10 and the amplitude reflection structure 20, thereby controlling the width. The beam width of the beam and the narrow beam and the surface field of the reflecting surface of the main reflection structure can obtain higher antenna gain and broadband low sidelobe characteristics, so that the antenna satisfies the universality of the antenna and the commercial protocol requirements.

The antenna provided in this embodiment further includes a main reflection structure 30. Specifically, as shown in FIG. 1 and FIG. 4, the main reflection structure 30 has a corresponding reflection structure 20 and is used for reflecting the reflection of the sub-reflection structure 20. The curved reflecting surface of the feed signal. The arc-shaped reflecting surface is arranged in a symmetrical manner when being disposed. Referring to FIG. 1 and FIG. 2 together, the feeding source 10, the two metal walls 40, and the sub-reflecting structure 20 enclose two radiation surface faces. Specifically, the radiation The mouth surface is surrounded by the edge of the bell mouth 11, the edges of the two metal walls 40 and the edge of the secondary reflection structure 20, in the structure shown in Fig. 2, the radiation port surface is perpendicular to the XOZ plane, and as shown in Fig. 2 The slanted side of the metal wall 40 acts as a side of the radiant face. In a specific setting, the feed source 10 is disposed at an intermediate position of the main reflection structure 30. Two oppositely disposed paraboloids are symmetrically disposed on both sides of the feed source 10, and the two radiation port faces face the two paraboloids respectively. In an alternative, the focal positions of the two paraboloids coincide with the phase center positions of the two radiating faces, respectively. Specifically, with reference to FIG. 4, the two paraboloids are the first paraboloid 32 and the second paraboloid 33, respectively, and the focus of the first paraboloid 32 coincides with the phase center point a of the radiation mouth surface, and the focus and the radiation mouth of the second paraboloid 33 The phase center point b of the surface coincides, and the bifocal reflecting surface can effectively fit the phase center distribution of the radiation pattern of the horn feeder 10 and the hat-shaped sub-reflecting structure 20, and the short focal length can effectively control the sidelobe electric power. Flat, achieving high antenna efficiency and low sidelobe characteristics. In the above structure simulation, as shown in FIG. 6, the antenna E surface is a wide beam with a beam width of about 3°; the H plane is a narrow beam with a beam width of about 1°; the antenna has a high gain characteristic, and the gain is greater than 38 dBi, and The Eband has low sidelobe characteristics in the wide frequency band and meets the ETSI C2 template requirements.

In addition, in order to improve the structural strength of the main reflective structure 30, the main reflective structure 30 further includes two side plates 31, and the two side plates 31 are respectively fixedly connected with the curved reflecting surface to form a box body, the feeding source 10 and the sub-reflecting structure 20 Set in the box. The feed source 10 and the sub-reflective structure 20 can be well protected by the formed casing. Optionally, the two side plates 31 are all metal side plates 31. Thereby enhancing the entire antenna The strength of the primary reflective structure 30. In a specific embodiment, as shown in FIG. 1, the metal side plate 31 adopts a T-shaped side plate 31, thereby reducing the wind resistance area and weight of the box body, and improving the wind resistance effect.

As can be seen from the above description, the present embodiment provides a high-gain fan beam antenna whose maximum gain can meet a certain communication distance requirement. At the same time, the beam width of one antenna of the embodiment is relatively wide (3°), and the beam width of the other side is narrow (1°). During the random sway of the antenna, the transmission direction is always within the beam width of the antenna 3bB. In order to ensure that the antenna works normally during the shaking process, it can resist the shaking of the antenna rod. The gain of the antenna can be reduced by less than 3 dB during a certain angle of shaking, which satisfies the anti-sloshing requirement in a certain application scenario. Moreover, the antenna of the present application has a broadband low sidelobe characteristic, satisfies the requirements of the ETSI class 2 pattern template, and avoids interference and interference in the communication link.

The antenna provided in this embodiment has a wide wide gain and a wide beam which is different from the conventional box-type fan beam antenna. The feed 10 and the sub-reflection structure 20 are adjusted to change the pattern of the primary feed 10, thereby controlling the wide beam and The beamwidth of the narrow beam can simultaneously achieve higher antenna gain and wideband low sidelobe characteristics, so that the antenna satisfies the universality of the antenna and the commercial protocol requirements.

In the above embodiment, the communication device may be specifically a base station or a wireless transceiver device, and the base station or the wireless transceiver device and the like include the antenna described in the foregoing embodiments. Optionally, the communication device may further include a supporting device, and the antenna is disposed on the supporting device.

A wideband, low sidelobe fan beam antenna is realized by a feed 10 formed by the bell mouth 11 and a one-dimensional ripple slot hat, and a wide beam which is different from the conventional box fan beam antenna. The wide antenna has a low gain. The antenna of the present application can change the primary feed 10 pattern by adjusting the feed 10 and the secondary reflection structure 20, thereby controlling the beamwidth of the wide beam and the narrow beam, and at the same time, obtaining higher antenna gain and bandwidth. The low sidelobe characteristics allow the antenna to meet the universality of the antenna and commercial protocol requirements.

It will be apparent to those skilled in the art that various modifications and changes can be made in the present application without departing from the spirit and scope of the application. Thus, if such modifications and variations of the application are claimed in the present application The present application is also intended to cover such modifications and variations within the scope of the invention.

Claims

An antenna characterized by comprising:

a feed having a bell mouth;

a sub-reflective structure is connected to a side of the feed having a bell mouth and configured to reflect a feed signal emitted by the feed source, and a one-dimensional ripple groove is disposed on the sub-reflective structure;

A main reflective structure having an arc reflective structure for reflecting a feed signal reflected by the sub-reflective structure.
The antenna of claim 1 wherein the flare of said feed is coupled to said secondary reflective structure by a metal wall.
The antenna according to claim 2, wherein the number of the metal walls is two, and two metal walls are oppositely disposed, and the metal walls are perpendicular to a length direction of the one-dimensional ripple grooves.
The antenna according to any one of claims 1 to 3, wherein the opening of the bell mouth is rectangular, and a length direction of the one-dimensional ripple groove is parallel to one edge of the bell mouth.
The antenna according to any one of claims 1 to 4, wherein the sub-reflecting structure of the antenna is disposed coaxially with the bell mouth.
The antenna according to any one of claims 1 to 5, wherein the main reflection structure further comprises two side plates, and the two side plates are respectively fixedly connected with the curved reflecting surface to form a box body. The feed source and the sub-reflective structure are disposed in the casing.
The antenna according to claim 6, wherein the side plate is made of metal.
The antenna according to any one of claims 3 to 7, wherein the feed source, the two metal walls and the sub-reflective structure enclose two radiating surface faces, and the curved reflecting surface comprises two oppositely disposed paraboloids. And the focal positions of the two paraboloids respectively coincide with the phase center positions of the two radiation mouth faces.
A communication device comprising the antenna according to any one of claims 1 to 8.