CN102185453A - Direct-drive high-performance permanent magnet brushless motor for electric vehicle - Google Patents
Direct-drive high-performance permanent magnet brushless motor for electric vehicle Download PDFInfo
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- CN102185453A CN102185453A CN2011101404390A CN201110140439A CN102185453A CN 102185453 A CN102185453 A CN 102185453A CN 2011101404390 A CN2011101404390 A CN 2011101404390A CN 201110140439 A CN201110140439 A CN 201110140439A CN 102185453 A CN102185453 A CN 102185453A
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- Y02T10/64—Electric machine technologies in electromobility
Abstract
The invention relates to a direct-drive high-performance permanent magnet brushless motor for an electric vehicle, comprising an internal stator part and an external rotor part, wherein the external rotor part is used for connecting with tyres; the internal stator part is connected with an automobile suspension; the internal stator part comprises a motor stator, a motor winding and a motor controller; the external rotor part comprises a motor rotor and a permanent magnet; the motor stator has a coiling and superposing structure of a helical strip-shaped iron sheet; furthermore, the coiling and superposing structure is a structure with spaced wide teeth and narrow teeth; the motor winding enwinds the wide teeth of the motor stator; and the narrow teeth are not wound by wires. The direct-drive high-performance permanent magnet brushless motor for the electric vehicle has the advantages of small motor vibration, low noise, high transmission efficiency, good heat dissipation, and the like.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to a kind of used for electric vehicle direct-drive type high-performance permanent magnetic brushless, belong to driving motor for electric automobile manufacturing technology field.
Background technology
Current global petroleum resources are supplied with and are becoming tight day, and Climatic issues such as greenhouse effect also more and more are subjected to the attention of countries in the world, the development low-carbon economy, and the road of walking sustainable development has become the common recognition in the whole world.The compare delivery efficiency of traditional fuel oil/vapour engine-driven car 20%～30%, the output maximal efficiency of electric automobile can reach more than 85%.Because it is energy-efficient, low emission or zero discharge advantage, and superior serviceability and relative cheap use price, has obtained the extensive approval and the popular welcome in market, becomes the focus of global auto industry concern day by day, shows bright development prospect.Developed countries such as the U.S., France, Germany are to electric automobile development great attention, various countries are from the strategy of automotive engineering change and industrial upgrading, preferential policies and measures have been formulated in numerous and confused promulgation, strengthen the dynamics of investment of electric automobile, actively promote national ev industry development.The US President Barack Obama clearly represents to the U.S. in 2015 1000000 charged type hybrid power cars to be arranged, and it just starts " young mobile " plan as far back as in June, 2009, strives in the year two thousand fifty eco-friendly car being occupied about half of automobile market total amount; France government announces to implement " whole nation plan of development electric automobile " in January, 2010, expects the year two thousand twenty and will promote 2,000,000 electric automobiles; In 50,000,000,000 Euros the economic stimulus package that German Government is passed through, be used for the construction of electric automobile research and development and vehicle charging station network greatly at the beginning of 2009.The consumption of alternative fuel or minimizing fuel is sought at the automobile that taps a new source of energy energetically in many in the world famous automobile factory commercial cities.Go on the market with the FRERNASH company of U.S. Blue Bird passenger vehicle company, Britain, the Toyota of Japan, electric motor coach and the car that Honda is representative.This shows that whole world ev industry will reach certain scale the coming years, and will open car market, next round whole world fight for hegemony.
From global range, before the eighties in 20th century, nearly all vehicle towed motor is direct current machine, and this is because dc traction motor has starting advantages such as to quicken tractive effort big, and control system is simpler.The shortcoming of direct current machine is that mechanical commutator is arranged, and when moving under the high speed heavy load, commutator face can produce spark, so the running of motor can not be too high.Because the commutator of direct current machine need maintain, and is not suitable for again running up, and except that compact car, does not generally adopt at present.And over past ten years, mainly develop AC induction motor and brushless permanent magnet motor system.
The vector control speed adjusting technique comparative maturity of AC induction motor, make the Induction Motor-Driven system have remarkable advantages, therefore early be applied to the drive system of electric automobile, remain the main product (especially in the U.S.) of drive system of electric automobile at present, but its disadvantage is the drive circuit complexity, the cost height; Relative magneto, AC induction motor efficient and power density are on the low side.Therefore it is progressively replaced by other novel brush-less permanent magnetic traction electric machine drive system.
Brushless permanent magnet motor can adopt cylindrical radial magnetic field structure or disc type axial magnetic field structure, owing to have higher power density and efficient and broad speed adjustable range, development prospect is very wide, is strong competitor in the motor vehicle traction electric machine.
Constantly improve along with brushless permanent magnet motor Design of Driving System theory simultaneously and continue deeply, the type electric machine structure is flexible, and design freedom is big, is expected to obtain high-performance, is suitable for that electric automobile is efficient, high density, wide range speed control traction drive.The concern that these have caused each big colleague of motor corporation has particularly obtained the colleague's of Japanese car company favor.Japan's celebrating answers the great professor leader's of the environmental information department of the Chinese Academy of Sciences of university of private school charging no tuition clear water electric automobile research group in the more than ten years in the past, is research object with the full wheel drive electric automobile based on wheel hub motor always, has manufactured experimently the sample car of many moneys different types so far.China's electric automobile development starts from the nineties in last century, units such as the electrician of Chinese Academy of Sciences institute, 811 in Shanghai, Tsing-Hua University, Shanghai Tongji University, Beijing Institute of Technology, under the support of national projects such as " 863 " plan and " 15 " national science and technology special project, obtained interim achievement in research in electric automobile research and development manufacturing field.In recent years, along with global auto industry center of gravity begins to shift to China market, the industrialization process of electric automobile is obviously accelerated.According to incompletely statistics, China comprises that the car load enterprise of BYD, Shanghai Automobile Factory, a vapour, east wind, Beijing Automobile Workshop, Cherry, lucky, Lifan etc. surpasses 150 families, comprises that logical etc. the producer that is engaged in the hybrid power passenger car development and produces of a vapour, Shanghai Automobile Factory, space surpasses 30 families.According to " auto industry adjustment and development planning " requirement, form scale to China's electric automobile production and marketing in the end of the year 2011, to form new-energy automobile production capacities such as 500,000 pure electronic, charged type hybrid powers and plain edition hybrid power, the new-energy automobile sales volume will account for about 5% of passenger car total sales volume; According to " new-energy automobile industrial development planning " draft, to the year two thousand twenty, China's new-energy automobile industrialization and market scale will reach the whole world the first, and new-energy automobile (plug-in hybrid-power automobile, pure electric automobile, hydrogen fuel cell automobile etc.) recoverable amount reaches 5,000,000.
Because the electric automobile operating condition is very complicated, therefore very high to the requirement of drive motors, though at present domestic have production, but can't requires to fit like a glove with energy-conserving and environment-protective on the performance, and still have a little gap with international most advanced level.Yet through concentrated research and development and the application of " 95 ", " 15 ", Eleventh Five-Year Plan country to the driving motor for electric automobile system, particularly along with the manufacturing system of China's electric automobile is progressively set up, the capability of independent innovation is highly improved, domestic many enterprises have begun to set foot in the development and the production of key components and parts such as the battery relevant with electric automobile, motor, and the gap of technical merit and international most advanced level is dwindled.Aspect design of electrical motor, adopt modern automobile-used electric system design concept, tentatively solve the multiple target performance car with the limit Design of motor and multi-field Accurate Analysis and the technical barrier that combines applying control strategy system integration emulation; At the New-type electric machine technical elements, domestic part enterprise, research unit and colleges and universities have carried out the active research exploration to the electric system of some new principles, and some has developed prototyping system, and part has been carried out bench test and entrucking; Aspect the detection test, motor and the special-purpose Performance Detection test-bed of controller have been set up in domestic electric machine test base, have possessed more complete Performance Detection and preliminary environmental test testing conditions; Aspect the critical material and key components and parts of motor and control system thereof, as the special-purpose electrical sheet exploitation of development, the exploitation of high-performance and low-cost insulating material, automobile-used motor of rotating speed position transducer, the stability study aspect of motor magnetic material, obtained initial achievements.
But present domestic pure electric automobile drive motors system ubiquity: the AC induction motor starting torque is little, general brushless permanent magnet motor power density is little, volume is big, efficient is low, complex structure, cost height, reliability is low, noise is big problem, has no small gap with external advanced person's pure electric automobile drive motors.
Summary of the invention
The objective of the invention is for solving the problems of the technologies described above, a kind of used for electric vehicle direct-drive type high-performance permanent magnetic brushless is provided.
Above-mentioned technical purpose of the present invention is achieved by the following technical programs:
Used for electric vehicle direct-drive type high-performance permanent magnetic brushless, comprise internal stator part and external rotor part, external rotor partly is used to connect tire, the internal stator part is connected with automotive suspension, the inner stator branch comprises motor stator, motor windings and electric machine controller, external rotor partly comprises rotor and permanent magnet, it is characterized in that: described motor stator is the volume stack structure of strip-spiral iron plate, and this volume stack structure is again the alternate structure of the narrow tooth of wide tooth, winding is around on the wide tooth of stator, and narrow tooth does not wind the line.
Preferred as technique scheme, described internal stator part also comprises water-cooling structure, this water-cooling structure is made of the water-cooled webmaster that is covered in described motor windings.
Preferred as technique scheme, this motor adopts multipolar resolver as the position signalling transducer, uses DSP as main control chip, motor is carried out vector control calculate, output SVPWM control signal, thereby control motor commutation operation.
Preferred as technique scheme, controller adopts the IPM intelligent driver module that can bear high pressure, big electric current.
The motor body aspect: motor stator adopts not wide toothing, and this structure is convenient to concentrate the coiling of winding winding mode on the one hand, has reduced the cogging torque of motor on the other hand, has reduced the vibration of motor; With design of electrical motor become oblate type and by with the design of the outer-rotor structure of automotive hub tabling, realize the motor direct-drive wheel hub, improve transmission efficiency, reduce car noise, acceleration-deceleration, the steering operation of automobile can be made things convenient for, reduce the cost of car load drive system;
On technology, abandoned traditional structural entity punching, rotor adopts one-shot forming technique, stator core adopts the folded technology of volume, reach reduced magnetic resistance, structure closely, effectively reduce noise, improve the purpose of stock utilization;
The structural design of motor stator water-cooled has improved the heat-sinking capability of motor, has increased the power density of motor, has solved a motor radiating difficult problem.
Electronic control system aspect: control the research of (FOC vector control) based on the field orientation of DSP:
Adopt multipolar resolver as the motor position signal transducer, use DSP, motor is carried out vector control calculate, output SVPWM control signal, thereby control motor commutation operation as main control chip;
Utilization high pressure, big current drives: controller adopts reliable IPM intelligent driver module, can bear high pressure, big electric current, and current protecting function is preferably arranged;
Employing has realized the stepless speed regulation of automobile power based on the vector control algorithm control motor of DSP, has improved efficient, accuracy and the reliability of whole drive system; According to field orientation control (FOC vector control) basic principle motor is carried out high-precision SERVO CONTROL based on DSP.By resolver to rotor position detection and current sample, CPU handles through the AD input, by field orientation control method based on the coordinate transform theory, coordinate transform is accurately controlled the direct current variable (as electric current, magnetic linkage, voltage etc.) of motor internal complicated coupling in motor and is fit to the running car requirement.
Motor stator enamelled wire has adopted anti-corona enamelled wire, can increase the life-span of motor, and in the grade that adopts in the selection of the class of insulation more than the H level, the reliability and the life-span of having improved motor greatly.Make motor of the present invention have following characteristics: motor is by high energy permanent magnetic material excitation, and for given power output, its quality and volume can reduce greatly, makes power density improve; Because rotor does not have winding, no copper loss, its high efficiency, its efficient is higher than induction motor; The motor feels hot mainly concentrates on the stator, takes the mode of water-cooled, good heat dissipation effect; Permanent magnet excitation is not subjected to the restriction of manufacturing defect, overheated or mechanical failure, thereby reliability is higher; The rotor electromagnetic time constant is little, and dynamic property is good.
In sum, the present invention has following beneficial effect:
1, motor stator adopts not wide toothing, has reduced cogging torque, has reduced the vibration and the noise of motor;
2, stator core adopts the folded mode of volume, reach reduced magnetic resistance, structure closely, effectively reduce noise, improve stock utilization;
3, motor stator adopts not wide toothing, and this structure is convenient to concentrate the coiling of winding winding mode on the one hand, has reduced the cogging torque of motor on the other hand, has reduced the vibration of motor;
4, design of electrical motor is become oblate type and by with the design of the outer-rotor structure of automotive hub tabling, realize the motor direct-drive wheel hub, improve transmission efficiency, reduce car noise, acceleration-deceleration, the steering operation of automobile can be made things convenient for, reduce the cost of car load drive system;
5, the structural design of motor stator water-cooled has improved the heat-sinking capability of motor, has increased the power density of motor, has solved a motor radiating difficult problem;
6, employing has realized the stepless speed regulation of automobile power based on the vector control algorithm control motor of DSP, has improved efficient, accuracy and the reliability of whole drive system; According to field orientation control (FOC vector control) basic principle motor is carried out high-precision SERVO CONTROL based on DSP.
Description of drawings
Fig. 1 is a structural representation of the present invention;
Fig. 2 is the structural representation of motor stator of the present invention;
Fig. 3 is the structural representation of water-cooling structure of the present invention;
Among the figure, 1-motor stator, 2-motor windings, 3-electric machine controller, 4-rotor, 5-permanent magnet, 6-water-cooling structure, 7-tire, 8-suspension.
Embodiment
This specific embodiment only is an explanation of the invention; it is not a limitation of the present invention; those skilled in the art can make the modification that does not have creative contribution to present embodiment as required after reading this specification, but as long as all are subjected to the protection of Patent Law in claim scope of the present invention.
Shown in Fig. 1～3, used for electric vehicle direct-drive type high-performance permanent magnetic brushless, it comprises internal stator part and external rotor part, external rotor partly is used to connect tire 7, the internal stator part is connected with automotive suspension 8, the inner stator branch comprises motor stator 1, motor windings 2 and electric machine controller 3, external rotor partly comprises rotor 4 and permanent magnet 5, described motor stator 1 is the volume stack structure of strip-spiral iron plate, and this volume stack structure is again the alternate structure of the narrow tooth of wide tooth, motor windings 2 is around on the wide tooth 1 of motor stator, and narrow tooth does not wind the line.Described internal stator part also comprises water-cooling structure 6, and this water-cooling structure 6 is made of the water-cooled webmaster that is covered in described motor windings.This motor adopts multipolar resolver as the position signalling transducer, uses DSP as main control chip, motor is carried out vector control calculate, output SVPWM control signal, thereby control motor commutation operation.Controller adopts the IPM intelligent driver module that can bear high pressure, big electric current.
The present invention can make by the following method:
1) rotor assembly: armature spindle, rotor yoke, rotor core is adopted temperature differential method to fit into luggage respectively and is joined, and adopts high-frequency heating apparatus to assemble in the assembling process, at the iron core of rotor and the fit on of rotor magnetic shoe, uses high temperature resistant AB glue.At the surface-mounted rotor case that material is a titanium alloy of rotor magnetic shoe, with peeling off of preventing rotor magnetic shoe.After rotor assembly is finished, rotor assembly is carried out balance check, reach the level of G2.5;
2) stator module: in stator core, adopting temperature differential method to fit into luggage between the stator casing joins, adopt high-frequency heating apparatus to assemble in the assembling process, use the sealing of sealing glue and rubber 15 seals at stator casing water channel place, carry out voltage-withstand test in the water channel, stator built-in line adopts the coil inserting apparatus rule, strengthens consistency, after stator built-in line finishes, adopt vacuum pressure impregnation equipment to carry out the insulating varnish dipping lacquer of coil.After stator module is finished, stator coil is carried out resistance, inductance, proof voltage, conventionally tests such as insulation resistance;
3) system test: after machine debugging finishes, be connected with dynamometer machine, connect controller, cooling system carries out the 3000rpm no load test, and specific rotation speeds, torsion-testing, motor are efficiently distinguished test, carry out durable test at regular time and quantity.
Claims (4)
1. used for electric vehicle direct-drive type high-performance permanent magnetic brushless, comprise internal stator part and external rotor part, external rotor partly is used to connect tire, the internal stator part is connected with automotive suspension, the inner stator branch comprises motor stator (1), motor windings (2) and electric machine controller (3), external rotor partly comprises rotor (4) and permanent magnet (5), it is characterized in that: described motor stator (1) is the volume stack structure of strip-spiral iron plate, and this volume stack structure is again the alternate structure of the narrow tooth of wide tooth, motor windings (2) is around on the wide tooth of motor stator (1), and narrow tooth does not wind the line.
2. used for electric vehicle direct-drive type high-performance permanent magnetic brushless according to claim 1 is characterized in that: described internal stator part also comprises water-cooling structure (6), and this water-cooling structure (6) is made of the water-cooled webmaster that is covered in described motor windings.
3. used for electric vehicle direct-drive type high-performance permanent magnetic brushless according to claim 1, it is characterized in that: this motor adopts multipolar resolver as the position signalling transducer, use DSP as main control chip, motor is carried out vector control to be calculated, output SVPWM control signal, thereby control motor commutation operation.
4. used for electric vehicle direct-drive type high-performance permanent magnetic brushless according to claim 1 is characterized in that: controller adopts the IPM intelligent driver module that can bear high pressure, big electric current.
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| CN2011101404390A CN102185453B (en) | 2011-05-27 | 2011-05-27 | Direct-drive high-performance permanent magnet brushless motor for electric vehicle |
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| CN2011101404390A CN102185453B (en) | 2011-05-27 | 2011-05-27 | Direct-drive high-performance permanent magnet brushless motor for electric vehicle |
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| CN102185453B CN102185453B (en) | 2013-05-15 |
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Cited By (1)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN109802521A (en) * | 2019-02-12 | 2019-05-24 | 威海鸣川汽车技术有限公司 | One kind carrying reduction gearing hub motor comprising controller and water-cooling system |
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| JPH0378458A (en) * | 1989-08-18 | 1991-04-03 | Ricoh Co Ltd | Motor |
| CN1976176A (en) * | 2006-12-08 | 2007-06-06 | 奇瑞汽车有限公司 | Water-cooling electric machine for mixed power system |
| CN101009444A (en) * | 2006-01-27 | 2007-08-01 | 通用汽车公司 | Cooling system and method for electric motors with concentrated windings |
| CN101553974A (en) * | 2006-06-16 | 2009-10-07 | Lg电子株式会社 | Stator of motor and washing apparatus having the same |
| CN201656595U (en) * | 2010-05-24 | 2010-11-24 | 哈尔滨理工大学 | Stator cooling system of high-speed permanent magnet motor |
| CN202085053U (en) * | 2011-05-27 | 2011-12-21 | 湖州南浔科宁动力科技有限公司 | Electromobile-use direct-driven and permanently magnetic brushless motor having high performance |
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2011
- 2011-05-27 CN CN2011101404390A patent/CN102185453B/en active Active
Patent Citations (6)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| JPH0378458A (en) * | 1989-08-18 | 1991-04-03 | Ricoh Co Ltd | Motor |
| CN101009444A (en) * | 2006-01-27 | 2007-08-01 | 通用汽车公司 | Cooling system and method for electric motors with concentrated windings |
| CN101553974A (en) * | 2006-06-16 | 2009-10-07 | Lg电子株式会社 | Stator of motor and washing apparatus having the same |
| CN1976176A (en) * | 2006-12-08 | 2007-06-06 | 奇瑞汽车有限公司 | Water-cooling electric machine for mixed power system |
| CN201656595U (en) * | 2010-05-24 | 2010-11-24 | 哈尔滨理工大学 | Stator cooling system of high-speed permanent magnet motor |
| CN202085053U (en) * | 2011-05-27 | 2011-12-21 | 湖州南浔科宁动力科技有限公司 | Electromobile-use direct-driven and permanently magnetic brushless motor having high performance |
Cited By (1)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN109802521A (en) * | 2019-02-12 | 2019-05-24 | 威海鸣川汽车技术有限公司 | One kind carrying reduction gearing hub motor comprising controller and water-cooling system |
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| CN102185453B (en) | 2013-05-15 |
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Denomination of invention: Direct-drive high-performance permanent magnet brushless motor for electric vehicle Effective date of registration: 20141029 Granted publication date: 20130515 Pledgee: Nanxun Zhejiang rural commercial bank Limited by Share Ltd Pledgor: Huzhou Chari Machinery & Eletrical Science Co., Ltd. Registration number: 2014980000132 |
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