CN102184273B - Finite element model building and updating method of sprag clutch wedge block surface stress - Google Patents
Finite element model building and updating method of sprag clutch wedge block surface stress Download PDFInfo
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- CN102184273B CN102184273B CN201110040227A CN201110040227A CN102184273B CN 102184273 B CN102184273 B CN 102184273B CN 201110040227 A CN201110040227 A CN 201110040227A CN 201110040227 A CN201110040227 A CN 201110040227A CN 102184273 B CN102184273 B CN 102184273B
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Abstract
The invention relates to a finite element model building and updating method of sprag clutch wedge block surface stress. The building basis of the finite element model is that the wedge block is under the practical torsional load and wedge block lock state, the wedge, an inner ring and an outer ring are subjected to finite element meshing under the premise of ignoring the mutual effect of the inner and outer retainers and the spring on the wedge, then the finite element models of the wedge, the inner ring and the outer ring are built, and then an ANSYS software is adopted to judge the wedge block stress valve in the finite element model, if the valve meets the requirement, the building of the finite element model is reasonable, and if not, the wedge block geometry parameters namely the specific valve (design valve) should be revised according to the correction formula until the correction of the wedge block meets the finite element model. The final wedge block correction replaces the particular value of the wedge, the correction result improves the structure rigidity in the wedge block stress concentrated region, and the method can meet the requirements of practical torsional load, and further effectively improve the service life of the sprag clutch and save the practical experimentation cost.
Description
Technical field
The invention belongs to the Clutch Technology field, the finite element model that refers more particularly to a kind of sprag clutch voussoir surface stress is set up and modification method.
Background technology
Sprag clutch is a kind of driving parts that can only transmit unidirectional torque, is widely used in fields such as aviation, boats and ships, automobiles.
In conjunction with Fig. 1; The voussoir 2 and the outer shroud 3 of ring 1, some in sprag clutch includes; Spacing between voussoir 2 and the outer shroud 3 by outer retainer 5, spacing between voussoir 2 and the interior ring 1 by interior retainer 4, accompany volute spring 6 between each voussoir; The outer contacting face of voussoir 2 contacts with outer shroud 3 raceways, and the interior surface of contact of voussoir 2 contacts with interior ring 1.
When sprag clutch rotated in the counterclockwise direction, voussoir 2 leaned on angle of wedge wedging transmitting moment of torsion (or being called the wedging state), and the interaction force of interior retainer 4, outer retainer 5 and 6 pairs of voussoirs 2 of volute spring can be ignored.Produce compressive stress between the outer contacting face of voussoir 2 and interior surface of contact and outer shroud 3 and the interior ring 1; When compressive stress surpassed the allowable contact stress 3040Mpa [referring to (shaft coupling, clutch designs and application guide) the 230th page table 8-1] of voussoir 2 material therefors, the outer contacting face of voussoir 2 and interior surface of contact will cause the global failure that destroys also and then cause sprag clutch.
When sprag clutch rotates in the clockwise direction; Produce relatively between voussoir 2 and the interior ring 1 and slide; In ring 1 relative outer shroud 3 produce idle running, this moment voussoir 2 with interior ring 1 and outer shroud 3 between only deposit very little force of sliding friction, the outer contacting face and the interior surface of contact of voussoir 2 influenced not quite.
Therefore, under the wedging state, the finite element model of voussoir 2 outer contacting faces and interior surface of contact being set up and revised is an important channel that changes the voussoir geometric shape parameters.
The method for designing of existing voussoir geometric shape parameters designs according to experience; Need each item performance of lot of test data with the check sprag clutch; Lack concrete stress and distortion situation that effective analytical approach obtains voussoir surface local weakness zone; This is to change voussoir geometric shape parameters and verification or improvement has brought certain difficulty, and has brought certain difficulty through testing the difficulty and the processing cost that change the voussoir geometric shape parameters.
Summary of the invention
For addressing the above problem; The finite element model that the invention provides a kind of sprag clutch voussoir surface stress is set up and modification method; Utilize this finite element model to set up and to make assessment to the stress distribution on voussoir surface in the sprag clutch; According to assessment result the voussoir geometric shape parameters is revised; Through can improving the rigidity of structure of voussoir region of stress concentration to the correction of voussoir geometric shape parameters, finally obtain more rational voussoir geometric shape parameters, and then effectively improve the serviceable life of sprag clutch under the wedging state.
For realizing the foregoing invention purpose, the present invention takes following technical scheme:
A kind of finite element model of sprag clutch voussoir surface stress is set up and modification method; This finite element model foundation and modification method are called the outer contacting face with the face of voussoir and outer loop contacts; The face of voussoir and interior loop contacts is called interior surface of contact, and the rigidity of structure of voussoir is presented as through geometric shape parameters: the radius of curvature R of voussoir outer contacting face
1, the radius of curvature R of surface of contact in the voussoir
2, voussoir outer contacting face convexity d
1, the convexity d of surface of contact in the voussoir
2Chamfer radius r with the voussoir semi-girder; Characteristic of the present invention is:
The basis that sprag clutch voussoir surface stress FEM model is set up is that voussoir is under actual torsional load and the wedging state; The interaction of voussoir is carried out finite element grid to voussoir, interior ring and outer shroud divide ignoring interior retainer, outer retainer and spring; And then set up the FEM model of voussoir, interior ring and outer shroud; Come the geometric shape parameters of voussoir is revised based on the FEM model of being set up again; Correction result has improved the rigidity of structure of voussoir region of stress concentration, and then the service life of effectively improving sprag clutch;
I, finite element model method for building up are following:
Architectural feature, actual torsional load and wedging state based on voussoir, interior ring and outer shroud in the sprag clutch carry out the finite element grid division; When dividing, said finite element grid the finite element grid size of voussoir should be controlled within 1～5 micrometer range carrying out; The finite element grid size of interior ring and outer shroud is controlled within 0.1～5 millimeter scope, after said finite element grid is divided, can sets up FEM model to voussoir, interior ring and outer shroud;
Other of above-mentioned finite element model foundation imposes a condition as follows:
1. the displacement of setting outer shroud is 0, can guarantee that like this it is to be in the rigid support state that finite element model is set up;
What circulating application added in 2. setting is anticlockwise torque load, and the peak torque that sprag clutch transmitted in the size of said torque load and the real work equates;
3. set the radius of curvature R of voussoir outer contacting face
1, the radius of curvature R of surface of contact in the voussoir
2, voussoir outer contacting face convexity d
1, the convexity d of surface of contact in the voussoir
2With the chamfer radius r of voussoir semi-girder be a certain particular value, this particular value is meant the original geometry parameter value of voussoir, or the design load of voussoir;
II, correction method for finite element model are following:
Utilize the module of finding the solution that carries in the ANSYS software that voussoir outer contacting face in the finite element model and interior surface of contact are carried out stress analysis calculating, the said module of finding the solution can draw the stress raiser of voussoir outer contacting face and interior surface of contact and obtain the accurate stress extreme value:
ⅰ, if when the contact stress extreme value of voussoir outer contacting face and interior surface of contact all is no more than the allowable contact stress 3040Mpa of voussoir; The finite element model of then setting up is correct; Do not need it is made correction, promptly need not change imposing a condition of finite element model foundation;
ⅱ, if when one of them of voussoir outer contacting face and interior surface of contact or two contact stress extreme values surpass the allowable contact stress 3040Mpa of voussoir, or to the radius of curvature R of voussoir outer contacting face
1, or to the radius of curvature R of surface of contact in the voussoir
2, or to the convexity d of voussoir outer contacting face
1, or to the convexity d of surface of contact in the voussoir
2, or a certain particular value of the chamfer radius r of voussoir semi-girder made correction, correcting mode is following:
If 1. above-mentionedly saidly find the solution that module reflects in the voussoir surface of contact or the excessive phenomenon of contact stress appears in the outer contacting face, or revise the radius of curvature R of voussoir outer contacting face
1, or the radius of curvature R of the interior surface of contact of correction voussoir
2, or the convexity d of correction voussoir outer contacting face
1, or the convexity d of the interior surface of contact of correction voussoir
2
If the 2. above-mentioned module of finding the solution reflects that the excessive phenomenon of contact stress extreme value appears in the voussoir remainder, remove by above-mentioned 1. modified R
1, R
2, d
1Or d
2Also need revise the semi-girder chamfer radius r of voussoir outward;
Above-mentioned R
1, R
2, d
1, d
2Or the correction of r can revise according to said particular value, and said correction can effectively reduce the above-mentioned contact stress extreme value that module reflects of finding the solution, and said correction is undertaken by following formula:
R
1Or R
2Correction=R
1Or R
2Particular value+[R
1Or R
2Particular value/50]
d
1Or d
2Correction=d
1Or d
2Particular value+0.005 millimeter
The particular value of correction=r of r+[particular value of r/10]
Above-mentioned correction is rebulid FEM model as new particular value and by the method for said I; Method by said II is revised again, if satisfy that said i does not then need the newly-established FEM model of counterweight to make to revise and according to new particular value as finally imposing a condition; Then do not need to come new particular value is revised once more by said ii if do not satisfy said i, the rest may be inferred till satisfying said i.
Owing to adopt technical scheme as stated, the present invention has following superiority:
1, the present invention is directed to the wedging state of voussoir in the sprag clutch and set up finite element model through the finite element analogy analytical approach; Though finite element model has also comprised interior ring and outer shroud; But the architectural feature of interior ring and outer shroud is certain; So finite element model stress voussoir the contact stress extreme value, can optimize the outer contacting face and the interior contact stress distribution of voussoir in the sprag clutch, for the correction of voussoir geometric shape parameters provides theoretical foundation.
2, not only can go out the stress distribution situation on voussoir surface by labor through the finite element analogy modelling, and practice thrift analysis cost greatly.
3, the present invention the foundation of limited meta-model, can accurately seek out the maximum stress of voussoir outer contacting face and interior surface of contact and concentrate the place, to the geometric shape parameters design of voussoir outer contacting face and interior surface of contact the correction foundation is provided.
4, can reduce the number of times of voussoir actual tests through the finite element analogy modification method, practice thrift the actual tests cost.
Description of drawings
Fig. 1 is the structural representation of sprag clutch;
Fig. 2 is the front view of voussoir;
Fig. 3 is the left view of voussoir;
Among the above-mentioned figure: ring in the 1-; The 2-voussoir; The 3-outer shroud; Retainer in the 4-; The outer retainer of 5-; The 6-volute spring; The outer contacting face of 7-voussoir; The interior surface of contact of 8-voussoir; The semi-girder chamfer radius r of 9-voussoir.
Embodiment
Understand the present invention for clearer, the present invention is made further detailed description below in conjunction with accompanying drawing and embodiment.
Use sprag clutch like certain model kinematic train, its actual torsional load is 1500N.m, adopts waist shape voussoir in the clutch coupling, and the design groove is to install volute spring 6 in voussoir 2 both sides.Fig. 2 and Fig. 3 are the structural representations of voussoir 2.Voussoir 2 local fractures in use repeatedly occur and cause sprag clutch to lose efficacy.The rigidity of structure of voussoir 2 is presented as through geometric shape parameters: the radius of curvature R of voussoir outer contacting face 7
1The radius of curvature R of surface of contact 8 in=6 millimeters, voussoir
2=4.72 millimeters, the convexity d of voussoir outer contacting face 7
1The convexity d of surface of contact 8 in=0.005 millimeter, voussoir
2=0.005 millimeter, radius r=1.2 of the chamfering 9 of voussoir semi-girder millimeter.
Carry out the finite element grid division according to above-mentioned sprag clutch architectural feature and actual torsional load; Finite element grid size with voussoir 2 when carrying out the finite element grid division is made as 0.005 millimeter; The finite element grid size of interior ring 1 and outer shroud 3 is made as 0.5 millimeter; The voussoir grid is set the closeer stress distribution situation that can labor goes out voussoir 2 surfaces, and interior ring, outer shroud finite element grid are divided and slightly then practiced thrift the computing time on interior ring 1, outer shroud 3 greatly and assess the cost., said finite element grid can set up finite element model after dividing to voussoir 2, interior ring 1 and outer shroud 3.
Other of above-mentioned finite element model foundation imposes a condition as follows:
1. the displacement of setting outer shroud 3 is 0, can guarantee that like this it is to be in the rigid support state that finite element model is set up.
2. ring 1 applies in setting is the torque load of 1500N.m counterclockwise, with guarantee with real work in peak torque that sprag clutch was transmitted equate.
3. set the radius of curvature R of voussoir 2 outer contacting faces
1=6 millimeters, the radius of curvature R of interior surface of contact 8
2=4.72 millimeters, the convexity d of outer contacting face 7
1=0.005 millimeter, the convexity d of interior surface of contact 8
2=0.005 millimeter with radius r=1.2 of the chamfering 9 of voussoir semi-girder millimeter, said each value is the particular value of voussoir 2 or is called design load.
Utilize the module of finding the solution that carries in the ANSYS software that voussoir outer contacting face in the finite element model 7 and interior surface of contact 8 are carried out stress analysis calculating, the said module of finding the solution can accurately find the stress raiser of voussoir outer contacting face 7, interior surface of contact 8 and voussoir remainder and obtain the accurate stress extreme value.Result of calculation being analyzed the back find, have 3 places and stress occurs and concentrate, is respectively outer contacting face 7, interior surface of contact 8 and the semi-girder chamfered part 9 of voussoir.Wherein the maximum stress of outer contacting face 7 is 3240Mpa, and the maximum stress of interior surface of contact 8 is 3325MPa; The maximum stress at semi-girder chamfering 9 places is 3753MPa.
Compare discovery with calculating the gained voussoir outer contacting face 7 and the contact stress extreme value of interior surface of contact 8 and the allowable contact stress 3040Mpa of voussoir; Each numerical value is all greater than the allowable contact stress value; Promptly do not satisfy [when the contact stress extreme value of voussoir outer contacting face and interior surface of contact all is no more than the allowable contact stress 3040Mpa of voussoir; The finite element model of then setting up is correct, does not need it is made correction, promptly need not change imposing a condition of finite element model foundation].Therefore need be to the radius of curvature R of voussoir outer contacting face 7 in the finite element model
1, the radius of curvature R of surface of contact 8 in the voussoir
2, voussoir outer contacting face 7 convexity d
1, the convexity d of surface of contact 8 in the voussoir
2Make correction with the value of the radius r of the chamfering 9 of voussoir semi-girder, concrete correcting mode is following:
1. because the above-mentioned module of finding the solution reflects that surface of contact 8 the excessive phenomenon of contact stress all occurs with outer contacting face 7 in the voussoir, then must be according to the radius of curvature R of the correction formula described in the summary of the invention to voussoir outer contacting face 7
1, the radius of curvature R of surface of contact 8 in the voussoir
2, voussoir outer contacting face 7 convexity d
1, the convexity d of surface of contact 8 in the voussoir
2Revise, concrete correction result is following:
R
1Correction=R
1Particular value+[R
1Particular value/50]=the 6+6/50=6.12 millimeter;
R
2Correction=R
2Particular value+[R
2Particular value/50]=the 4.72+4.72/50=4.81 millimeter;
d
1Correction=d
1Particular value+0.005=0.005+0.005=0.010 millimeter;
d
2Correction=d
2Particular value+0.005=0.005+0.005=0.010 millimeter;
2. because result of calculation reflects that there are the excessive phenomenon of contact stress in not only interior surface of contact 8, outer contacting face 7 on the voussoir; And it is excessive stress also to occur at semi-girder chamfering 9 places; And maximum stress is more greater than the maximum stress of interior surface of contact 8, outer contacting face 7; So except revising above-mentioned parameter, also need revise the value of the radius r of semi-girder chamfering 9.
The particular value of correction=r of r+[particular value of r/10]=1.2+1.2/10=1.32 millimeter;
With above-mentioned R
1, R
2, d
1, d
2, r correction as new particular value and by [carrying out finite element grid according to architectural feature, actual torsional load and the wedging state of voussoir, interior ring and outer shroud in the sprag clutch divides; When dividing, said finite element grid should the finite element grid size of voussoir be controlled within 1～5 micrometer range carrying out; The finite element grid size of interior ring and outer shroud is controlled within 0.1～5 millimeter scope; After said finite element grid is divided, can set up finite element model to voussoir, interior ring and outer shroud] method rebulid finite element model, come to revise again discovery after calculating once more through said method; Interior surface of contact 8 contact stress are reduced to 2985MPa; Outer contacting face 7 contact stress are reduced to 2772MPa, and semi-girder chamfering 9 maximum stresses then are reduced to 2948MPa, all less than allowable contact stress value 3040MPa.Therefore above-mentioned correction result is the final optimization pass result.
If above-mentioned Optimization result does not still satisfy said [when the contact stress extreme value of voussoir outer contacting face and interior surface of contact all is no more than the allowable contact stress 3040Mpa of voussoir; The finite element model of then setting up is correct; Do not need it is made correction; Promptly need not change imposing a condition of finite element model foundation], then need revise once more new particular value by above-mentioned steps, the rest may be inferred till voussoir 2 each several part maximum stresses all meet the demands.
The basis that sprag clutch voussoir surface stress finite element model of the present invention is set up is that voussoir is under actual torsional load and the wedging state; Voussoir, interior ring and outer shroud are carried out finite element grid under to the interaction of voussoir and divide ignoring interior retainer, outer retainer and spring; And then set up the finite element model of voussoir, interior ring and outer shroud; Through ANSYS software the voussoir maximum stress in the finite element model being made judgement then, set up rationally if satisfy the explanation finite element model, is that particular value (design load) revise according to the correction formula to the geometric shape parameters of voussoir if do not satisfy the explanation needs; Till the correction of voussoir satisfies finite element model; Final voussoir correction substitutes the particular value of voussoir, and correction result has improved the rigidity of structure of voussoir region of stress concentration, can satisfy the requirement of actual torsional load; And then the serviceable life of effectively improving sprag clutch, practice thrift the actual tests cost.
Claims (1)
1. the finite element model of a sprag clutch voussoir surface stress is set up and modification method; This finite element model foundation and modification method are called the outer contacting face with the face of voussoir and outer loop contacts; The face of voussoir and interior loop contacts is called interior surface of contact, and the rigidity of structure of voussoir is presented as through geometric shape parameters: the radius of curvature R of voussoir outer contacting face
1, the radius of curvature R of surface of contact in the voussoir
2, voussoir outer contacting face convexity d
1, the convexity d of surface of contact in the voussoir
2Chamfer radius r with the voussoir semi-girder;
It is characterized in that:
The basis that sprag clutch voussoir surface stress FEM model is set up is that voussoir is under actual torsional load and the wedging state; The interaction of voussoir is carried out finite element grid to voussoir, interior ring and outer shroud divide ignoring interior retainer, outer retainer and spring; And then set up the FEM model of voussoir, interior ring and outer shroud; Come the geometric shape parameters of voussoir is revised based on the FEM model of being set up again; Correction result has improved the rigidity of structure of voussoir region of stress concentration, and then the service life of effectively improving sprag clutch;
I, finite element model method for building up are following:
Architectural feature, actual torsional load and wedging state based on voussoir, interior ring and outer shroud in the sprag clutch carry out the finite element grid division; When dividing, said finite element grid the finite element grid size of voussoir should be controlled within 1～5 micrometer range carrying out; The finite element grid size of interior ring and outer shroud is controlled within 0.1～5 millimeter scope, after said finite element grid is divided, can sets up FEM model to voussoir, interior ring and outer shroud;
Other of above-mentioned finite element model foundation imposes a condition as follows:
1. the displacement of setting outer shroud is 0, can guarantee that like this it is to be in the rigid support state that finite element model is set up;
What circulating application added in 2. setting is anticlockwise torque load, and the peak torque that sprag clutch transmitted in the size of said torque load and the real work equates;
3. set the radius of curvature R of voussoir outer contacting face
1, the radius of curvature R of surface of contact in the voussoir
2, voussoir outer contacting face convexity d
1, the convexity d of surface of contact in the voussoir
2With the chamfer radius r of voussoir semi-girder be a certain particular value, this particular value is meant the original geometry parameter value of voussoir, or the design load of voussoir;
II, correction method for finite element model are following:
Utilize the module of finding the solution that carries in the ANSYS software that voussoir outer contacting face in the finite element model and interior surface of contact are carried out stress analysis calculating, the said module of finding the solution can accurately find the stress raiser of voussoir outer contacting face (7), interior surface of contact (8) and voussoir remainder and obtain the accurate stress extreme value:
ⅰ, if when the contact stress extreme value of voussoir outer contacting face and interior surface of contact all is no more than the allowable contact stress 3040Mpa of voussoir; The finite element model of then setting up is correct; Do not need it is made correction, promptly need not change imposing a condition of finite element model foundation;
ⅱ, if when one of them of voussoir outer contacting face and interior surface of contact or two contact stress extreme values surpass the allowable contact stress 3040Mpa of voussoir, or to the radius of curvature R of voussoir outer contacting face
1, or to the radius of curvature R of surface of contact in the voussoir
2, or to the convexity d of voussoir outer contacting face
1, or to the convexity d of surface of contact in the voussoir
2, or a certain particular value of the chamfer radius r of voussoir semi-girder made correction, correcting mode is following:
If 4. above-mentionedly saidly find the solution that module reflects in the voussoir surface of contact or the excessive phenomenon of contact stress appears in the outer contacting face, or revise the radius of curvature R of voussoir outer contacting face
1, or the radius of curvature R of the interior surface of contact of correction voussoir
2, or the convexity d of correction voussoir outer contacting face
1, or the convexity d of the interior surface of contact of correction voussoir
2
If the 5. above-mentioned module of finding the solution reflects that the excessive phenomenon of contact stress extreme value appears in the voussoir remainder, remove by above-mentioned 4. modified R
1, R
2, d
1Or d
2Also need revise the semi-girder chamfer radius r of voussoir outward;
Above-mentioned R
1, R
2, d
1, d
2Or the correction of r can revise according to said particular value, and said correction can effectively reduce the above-mentioned contact stress extreme value that module reflects of finding the solution, and said correction is undertaken by following formula:
R
1Or R
2Correction=R
1Or R
2Particular value+[R
1Or R
2Particular value/50]
d
1Or d
2Correction=d
1Or d
2Particular value+0.005 millimeter
The particular value of correction=r of r+[particular value of r/10]
Above-mentioned correction is rebulid FEM model as new particular value and by the method for said I; Method by said II is revised again, if satisfy that said i does not then need the newly-established FEM model of counterweight to make to revise and according to new particular value as finally imposing a condition; Then do not need to come new particular value is revised once more by said ii if do not satisfy said i, the rest may be inferred till satisfying said i.
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| FR3087183A1 (en) * | 2018-10-16 | 2020-04-17 | Dessalator | SEAWATER DESALINATION SYSTEM FOR BOATS |
| WO2020079361A1 (en) * | 2018-10-16 | 2020-04-23 | Dessalator | Seawater desalination system for ships |
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