CN102181883A - Aluminum electrolysis cell cathode structure of horizontal current in controllable regulation aluminum liquid - Google Patents
Aluminum electrolysis cell cathode structure of horizontal current in controllable regulation aluminum liquid Download PDFInfo
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- CN102181883A CN102181883A CN 201110089796 CN201110089796A CN102181883A CN 102181883 A CN102181883 A CN 102181883A CN 201110089796 CN201110089796 CN 201110089796 CN 201110089796 A CN201110089796 A CN 201110089796A CN 102181883 A CN102181883 A CN 102181883A
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Abstract
The invention discloses an aluminum electrolysis cell cathode structure of horizontal current in controllable regulation aluminum liquid. A continuously or partially bulged cathode steel bar is used or a cushion material with high electric conductivity is cushioned at the partial position between a common rectangular steel bar and a cathode carbon block, so that the distribution and the size of the horizontal current in the aluminum liquid can be readjusted by the cathode structure. Structural parameters are determined by the cathode structure according to an actual groove-type design, the horizontal current in the aluminum liquid can be obviously reduced when the cathode structure is used in an aluminum electrolysis cell, and the distribution of the horizontal current in the aluminum liquid can be optimized to prevent an area with higher horizontal current density from being superposed with an area having a larger vertical magnetic field, so that the effects of weakening the vertical fluctuation of the aluminum liquid and stabilizing the horizontal motion of a melt are achieved; therefore, electrolysis can be operated within a relatively short electrode distance, energy consumption can be reduced greatly, and the cathode structure is easy and convenient to process and is easy to realize.
Description
Technical field
The invention belongs to the aluminium cell field, particularly design the cathode structure of aluminium cell of horizontal current in a kind of controllable adjustment aluminium liquid.
Background technology
Tradition Hall-Ai Lutefa (Hall-H é roult) aluminum electrolysis process is the unique method of industrial aluminium metallurgy always.In the conventional aluminum electrolyzer, electric current flows in the groove from aluminium guide bar, flow out from the groove sidepiece through anode, ionogen, aluminium liquid and cathode carbon pieces and rod iron, because the outflow direction of electric current becomes 90 degree folder degree with inflow direction, and the resistivity of aluminium liquid is far smaller than ionogen and cathode carbon pieces, therefore turning to greatly of electric current occurs in the aluminium liquid layer, formed the horizontal current in the aluminium liquid, horizontal current not only can enlarge markedly vertical magnetic field, and itself and vertical magnetic field acting in conjunction, influence the stability of magnetic fluid in the groove.Charcoal piece and rod iron all are horizontal structures in traditional cathode structure of aluminium cell, the effect that the pressure drop that does not have consideration to exist on the aluminum liquid horizontal direction produces for horizontal current, therefore have very big horizontal current in the aluminium liquid, excessive horizontal current causes excessive electromagnetic force, and then cause the fluctuation that aluminium liquid is violent and the gross distortion at ionogen-aluminium liquid interface, electrolytic process must carry out under higher pole span condition, causes a large amount of useless energy consumptions thus.Therefore, for the horizontal current that how to reduce to be present in the aluminium liquid, not only realizing that for the electrolysis of aluminum industry energy-saving and cost-reducing good development is significant, also is simultaneously essence means that solve hydromagnetic stability.
Summary of the invention
Technical problem to be solved by this invention provides a kind of horizontal current that can significantly reduce in the aluminium liquid, and the distribution of optimizing horizontal current in the aluminium liquid is to avoid the cathode structure of aluminium cell of horizontal current in the direct eclipsed controllable adjustment aluminium liquid in the bigger zone of the bigger zone of its horizontal current density and vertical magnetic field.
In order to solve the problems of the technologies described above, the cathode structure of aluminium cell of horizontal current in the controllable adjustment aluminium liquid provided by the invention, comprise that cathode carbon pieces, cathode steel bar and rod iron charcoal stick with paste, the side that described cathode steel bar is connected with described cathode carbon pieces is provided with at least one projection or is provided with at least one bed hedgehopping material and is connected with described cathode carbon pieces is supporting by described rod iron charcoal paste.
Projection that described cathode steel bar is provided with or the bed hedgehopping material that is provided with do not appear at the two ends and the central part of described cathode carbon pieces.
Described cathode steel bar is non-elongated type, and every described cathode steel bar is provided with a projection.
Described cathode steel bar is elongated type, and every described cathode steel bar is provided with two projections.
The cross section of described cathode steel bar is a rectangle, if the described cathode steel bar that uses non-elongated type then every described cathode steel bar is provided with a described bed hedgehopping material, if the described cathode steel bar that uses elongated type then every described cathode steel bar be provided with two blocks of described bed hedgehopping materials.
Described projection is continuous projection or local projection.
The cross section of described bed hedgehopping material is a rectangle.
The cathode structure of aluminium cell of horizontal current in the controllable adjustment aluminium liquid of employing technique scheme, the cathode construction monnolithic case is constant, keep advance electricity and go out power mode consistent with conventional cathode, and integral part is consistent with conventional cathode, all contain cathode carbon pieces, rod iron charcoal paste, cathode steel bar, its difference be cathode carbon pieces inner with the cathode steel bar connecting portion be that the shape of dovetail-indent changes to some extent, therefore can not cause the redesign and the processing at other positions of aluminium cell except that cathode carbon pieces, production and installation that can the remarkably influenced cathode portion yet.This cathode construction uses the cathode steel bar and the cathode carbon pieces of projection or local bed hedgehopping to connect and compose, make the electric field of whole cathode construction be optimized, therefore can significantly reduce the horizontal current in the aluminium liquid, and the distribution of optimizing horizontal current in the aluminium liquid is to avoid the bigger zone of bigger zone of its horizontal current density and vertical magnetic field directly overlapping, so production when adopting the electric tank working of this structure under the low pole span condition of moving little, the easy realization of aluminium fluid wave, make that bath voltage is low, job stability is strong, comprehensive energy consumption is low.
The present invention is owing to adopt said structure, compares with existing cathode construction to possess following advantage:
Adopt ordinary steel bar structure cathode structure of aluminium cell, the zone of horizontal current density maximum is not the limit portion that appears at aluminium liquid, does not appear at the middle part of aluminium liquid yet, but appears at the position of inclined to one side limit, the centre portion of aluminium liquid layer.According to this kind distributional pattern, in the structure of the present invention, because the bed hedgehopping material of cathode steel bar or cathode steel bar all has good electrical conductivity, specific conductivity is wanted obvious carbon materials greater than negative electrode, therefore optimized the voltage distribution situation in cathode construction inside, the outstanding or then easier attraction electric current of bed hedgehopping material on the cathode steel bar flows into cathode steel bar from projection or bed hedgehopping material, has promptly reduced electric current deflection in the horizontal direction on trend, so reduced the horizontal current in the aluminium liquid.Because horizontal current has very big contribution effect to vertical magnetic field, thus horizontal current reduce also make vertical magnetic field also reduce to some extent, then the reactive force of horizontal current and vertical magnetic field is also littler.Because horizontal electromagnetic force is to cause that the moving major reason of aluminium fluid wave gains public acceptance, so the vertical fluctuation that reduces meeting reduction aluminium liquid of electromagnetic force and the horizontal flow of stable aluminium liquid, then electrolysis can be carried out under lower pole span, and bath voltage can significantly reduce, and reduces the energy consumption of electrolysis of aluminum.
In sum, the present invention is a kind of horizontal current that can significantly reduce in the aluminium liquid, and the distribution of optimizing horizontal current in the aluminium liquid is to avoid the cathode structure of aluminium cell of horizontal current in the direct eclipsed controllable adjustment aluminium liquid in the bigger zone of the bigger zone of its horizontal current density and vertical magnetic field.
Description of drawings
Fig. 1 is the semi-section synoptic diagram of traditional cathode structure of aluminium cell.
Fig. 2 is a semi-section synoptic diagram that adopts continuous projection type cathode steel bar in the embodiment of the invention 1.
Fig. 3 is the semi-section synoptic diagram that adopts local bed hedgehopping type cathode steel bar according in the embodiment of the invention 2.
Fig. 4 is the sectional view of the cathode structure of aluminium cell length direction of the elongated and continuous projection type of the employing in the embodiment of the invention 3 cathode steel bar.
Fig. 5 is the sectional view that adopts the cathode structure of aluminium cell length direction of elongated and local projection type cathode steel bar according in the embodiment of the invention 4.
Fig. 6 is a sectional view that adopts the cathode structure of aluminium cell length direction of non-elongated and continuous projection type cathode steel bar in the embodiment of the invention 5.
Fig. 7 is the sectional view that adopts the cathode structure of aluminium cell length direction of non-elongated and local projection type cathode steel bar according in the embodiment of the invention 6.
Embodiment
The invention will be further described below in conjunction with the drawings and specific embodiments.
Embodiment 1:
Be the sectional view of the cathode structure of aluminium cell length direction of the elongated and continuous projection type of employing of the present invention cathode steel bar as shown in Figure 2, by cathode carbon pieces 1, cathode steel bar 2, rod iron charcoal are stuck with paste 3 and are formed.In the present embodiment, total length 3000～the 4000mm of cathode carbon pieces 1, wide 400～700mm, high 400～600mm, cathode carbon pieces 1 bottom has a cross section continually varying dovetail-indent along its length, the embedded elongated cathode steel bar 2 that is provided with continuous projection 5 of a Dui Ying dovetail-indent with it, the highest protruding part of the continuous projection 5 on the cathode steel bar 2 is at distance cathode carbon pieces 1 current output terminal edge 400～1200mm, continuously the rising height of the highest protruding part of projection 5 is 50～120mm with respect to common rod iron, and the processing of cathode steel bar 2 is according to increasing to the vertex linearity corresponding to cathode carbon pieces 1 marginal position and corresponding to the mid-way from cathode steel bar 2.This kind structure makes the electric current in the aluminium liquid easier of continuous projection 5 (referring to that the zone of cathode steel bar in whole negative electrode all is in a kind of projection of slope) inflow cathode steel bar 2, thereby reduce the horizontal current in the aluminium liquid significantly, avoid the region overlapping of bigger zone of horizontal current and vertical magnetic field maximum, the vertical fluctuation and the maintenance level of reduction aluminium liquid flow, improve electrolyzer stability, and bigger reduction pole span, electrolyzer is cut down the consumption of energy.
Embodiment 2:
Be the sectional view of the cathode structure of aluminium cell length direction of the elongated and local bed hedgehopping type of employing of the present invention cathode steel bar as shown in Figure 3, by cathode carbon pieces 1, cathode steel bar 2, the rod iron charcoal sticks with paste 3, and bed hedgehopping material 4 is formed.In the present embodiment, total length 3000～the 4000mm of cathode carbon pieces 1, wide 400～700mm, high 400～600mm, cathode carbon pieces 1 bottom has a dovetail-indent along its length, the embedded part of Dui Ying dovetail-indent is provided with the cathode steel bar 2 of bed hedgehopping material 4 with it, the cross section of cathode steel bar 2 is rectangles, cathode steel bar 2 is processed according to traditional structure, when carrying out the cathode construction assembling, bed hedgehopping position in the dovetail-indent of the correspondence good bed hedgehopping material 4 of electroconductibility of jumping a queue, the cross section of bed hedgehopping material 4 is rectangles, and makes this bed hedgehopping material 4 and cathode steel bar 2 keep excellent contact.If use 2 every cathode steel bars 2 of cathode steel bar of non-elongated type to be provided with a bed hedgehopping material 4, if use 2 every cathode steel bars 2 of cathode steel bar of elongated type to be provided with two blocks of bed hedgehopping materials 4.Make this kind structure make the electric current in the aluminium liquid easier from bed hedgehopping material 4 inflow cathode steel bars 2, thereby reduce the horizontal current in the aluminium liquid significantly, avoid the region overlapping of bigger zone of horizontal current and vertical magnetic field maximum, the vertical fluctuation and the maintenance level of reduction aluminium liquid flow, improve electrolyzer stability, and bigger reduction pole span, electrolyzer is cut down the consumption of energy.
Embodiment 3:
Be the sectional view of the cathode structure of aluminium cell length direction of the elongated and continuous projection type of employing of the present invention cathode steel bar as shown in Figure 4, by cathode carbon pieces 1, cathode steel bar 2, rod iron charcoal are stuck with paste 3 and are formed.In the present embodiment, total length 3000～the 4000mm of cathode carbon pieces 1, wide 400～700mm, high 400～600mm, cathode bottom has two cross section continually varying dovetail-indents along its length, the embedded elongated cathode steel bar 2 that is provided with continuous projection 5 of Dui Ying every dovetail-indent with it, the highest protruding part of the continuous projection 5 on the elongated cathode steel bar 2 is at distance cathode carbon pieces 1 current output terminal edge 400～1200mm, continuously the rising height of the highest protruding part of projection 5 is 50～120mm with respect to common rod iron, and the processing of cathode steel bar 2 is according to increasing to the vertex linearity corresponding to cathode carbon pieces 1 marginal position and corresponding to the mid-way from cathode steel bar 2.This kind structure makes the electric current in the aluminium liquid easier of continuous projection 5 inflow cathode steel bars 2, thereby reduce the horizontal current in the aluminium liquid significantly, avoid the region overlapping of bigger zone of horizontal current and vertical magnetic field maximum, the vertical fluctuation and the maintenance level of reduction aluminium liquid flow, improve electrolyzer stability, and bigger reduction pole span, electrolyzer is cut down the consumption of energy.
Embodiment 4:
Be the sectional view of the cathode structure of aluminium cell length direction of the elongated and local projection type of employing of the present invention cathode steel bar as shown in Figure 5, by cathode carbon pieces 1, cathode steel bar 2, rod iron charcoal are stuck with paste 3 and are formed.In the present embodiment, total length 3000～the 4000mm of cathode carbon pieces 1, wide 400～700mm, high 400～600mm, cathode carbon pieces 1 bottom has two cross section part continually varying dovetail-indents along its length, with it to every embedded cathode steel bar 2 that is provided with local projection 6 of dovetail-indent should be arranged, the highest protruding part of the local projection 6 on the cathode steel bar 2 is between distance cathode carbon pieces 1 current output terminal edge 400～1000mm, the rising height of the highest protruding part of local projection 6 is in 50～120mm with respect to common rod iron, the processing of cathode steel bar 2 is according to increasing to the vertex linearity from the two positions corresponding to both sides, the protruding part 100～400mm of local projection 6 (referring to a bit of regional area projection of cathode steel bar in negative electrode), make this kind structure make the electric current in the aluminium liquid easier from local projection 6 inflow rod irons, thereby reduce the horizontal current in the aluminium liquid significantly, avoid the region overlapping of bigger zone of horizontal current and vertical magnetic field maximum, the vertical fluctuation and the maintenance level of reduction aluminium liquid flow, improve electrolyzer stability, and bigger reduction pole span, electrolyzer is cut down the consumption of energy.
Embodiment 5:
Be the sectional view of the cathode structure of aluminium cell length direction of the non-elongated and continuous projection type cathode steel bar of employing of the present invention as shown in Figure 6, by cathode carbon pieces 1, cathode steel bar 2, rod iron charcoal are stuck with paste 3 and are formed.In the present embodiment, total length 3000～the 4000mm of cathode carbon pieces 1, wide 400～700mm, high 400～600mm, cathode carbon pieces 1 bottom has several cross section continually varying dovetail-indents along its length, with it to every embedded cathode steel bar 2 that is provided with continuous projection 5 of dovetail-indent should be arranged, the highest protruding part of the continuous projection 5 on the cathode steel bar 2 is between distance cathode carbon pieces 1 current output terminal edge 400～1000mm, continuously the rising height of the highest protruding part of projection 5 is in 50～120mm with respect to common rod iron, the processing of cathode steel bar 2 is according to increasing to the vertex linearity corresponding to cathode carbon pieces 1 marginal position and corresponding to cathode steel bar 2 inner end positions from cathode steel bar 2, this kind structure makes the electric current in the aluminium liquid easier of continuous projection 5 inflow cathode steel bars 2, thereby reduce the horizontal current in the aluminium liquid significantly, avoid the region overlapping of bigger zone of horizontal current and vertical magnetic field maximum, the vertical fluctuation and the maintenance level of reduction aluminium liquid flow, improve electrolyzer stability, and bigger reduction pole span, electrolyzer is cut down the consumption of energy.
Embodiment 6:
Be the sectional view of the cathode structure of aluminium cell length direction of the non-elongated and local projection type cathode steel bar of employing of the present invention as shown in Figure 7, by cathode carbon pieces 1, cathode steel bar 2, rod iron charcoal are stuck with paste 3 and are formed.In the present embodiment, total length 3000～the 4000mm of cathode carbon pieces 1, wide 400～700mm, high 400～600mm, cathode carbon pieces 1 bottom has several cross section part continually varying dovetail-indents along its length, with it to every embedded cathode steel bar 2 that is provided with local projection 6 of dovetail-indent should be arranged, the highest protruding part of the local projection 6 on the cathode steel bar 2 is between distance cathode carbon pieces 1 current output terminal edge 400～1000mm, the rising height of the highest protruding part of local projection 6 is in 50～120mm with respect to common rod iron, the processing of cathode steel bar 2 is according to from increasing to the vertex linearity corresponding to the two positions of local projection 6 both sides, 100～400mm, this kind structure makes the electric current in the aluminium liquid easier of local projection 6 inflow cathode steel bars 2, thereby reduce the horizontal current in the aluminium liquid significantly, avoid the region overlapping of bigger zone of horizontal current and vertical magnetic field maximum, the vertical fluctuation and the maintenance level of reduction aluminium liquid flow, improve electrolyzer stability, and bigger reduction pole span, electrolyzer is cut down the consumption of energy.
Claims (7)
1. the cathode structure of aluminium cell of horizontal current in the controllable adjustment aluminium liquid, comprise cathode carbon pieces (1), cathode steel bar (2) and rod iron charcoal paste (3), it is characterized in that: the side that described cathode steel bar (2) is connected with described cathode carbon pieces (1) is provided with at least one projection or is provided with at least one bed hedgehopping material (4) and sticks with paste (3) and supporting connection of described cathode carbon pieces (1) by described rod iron charcoal.
2. the cathode structure of aluminium cell of horizontal current in the controllable adjustment aluminium liquid according to claim 1 is characterized in that: projection on the described cathode steel bar (2) or bed hedgehopping material (4) do not appear at the two ends and the central part of described cathode carbon pieces (1).
3. the cathode structure of aluminium cell of horizontal current in the controllable adjustment aluminium liquid according to claim 1 and 2, it is characterized in that: described cathode steel bar (2) is non-elongated type, and every described cathode steel bar (2) is provided with a projection.
4. the cathode structure of aluminium cell of horizontal current in the controllable adjustment aluminium liquid according to claim 1 and 2, it is characterized in that: described cathode steel bar (2) is elongated type, and every described cathode steel bar (2) is provided with two projections.
5. the cathode structure of aluminium cell of horizontal current in the controllable adjustment aluminium liquid according to claim 1 and 2, it is characterized in that: the cross section of described cathode steel bar (2) is a rectangle, if the described cathode steel bar (2) that uses non-elongated type then every described cathode steel bar (2) is provided with a described bed hedgehopping material (4), if the described cathode steel bar (2) that uses elongated type then every described cathode steel bar (2) be provided with two blocks of described bed hedgehopping materials (4).
6. the cathode structure of aluminium cell of horizontal current in the controllable adjustment aluminium liquid according to claim 1 and 2 is characterized in that: described projection is continuous projection (5) or local projection (6).
7. the cathode structure of aluminium cell of horizontal current in the controllable adjustment aluminium liquid according to claim 1 and 2, it is characterized in that: the cross section of described bed hedgehopping material (4) is a rectangle.
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| CN201110089796A CN102181883B (en) | 2011-04-11 | 2011-04-11 | Aluminum electrolysis cell cathode structure of horizontal current in controllable regulation aluminum liquid |
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| CN201110089796A CN102181883B (en) | 2011-04-11 | 2011-04-11 | Aluminum electrolysis cell cathode structure of horizontal current in controllable regulation aluminum liquid |
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