CN102179487A - Short-flow preparation process for thick-wall ring piece and thick-wall tube piece - Google Patents
Short-flow preparation process for thick-wall ring piece and thick-wall tube piece Download PDFInfo
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- CN102179487A CN102179487A CN2010105052112A CN201010505211A CN102179487A CN 102179487 A CN102179487 A CN 102179487A CN 2010105052112 A CN2010105052112 A CN 2010105052112A CN 201010505211 A CN201010505211 A CN 201010505211A CN 102179487 A CN102179487 A CN 102179487A
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Abstract
The invention belongs to the field of high-end equipment manufacturing, in particular to a hollow-ingot-continuous-casting-manufacturing-technology-based short-flow preparation process for a highly compact and purely purified thick-wall ring piece and a highly compact and purely purified thick-wall tube piece. The raw blanks of the thick-wall tube piece and the thick-wall ring piece are produced by a hollow ingot continuous casting technology, and the thick-wall ring piece and the thick-wall tube piece are produced by a ring roller machine and a forging press. Generally, the thick-wall ring piece and the thick-wall tube piece which have a large diameter is prepared from solid steel ingot by the steps of upsetting, punching, drawing-out, chambering and the like, the process is complex, the manufacturing period is long, and the heating frequency is high. The hollow steel ingot prepared by the technology has the characteristics of high compactness and purity degree, and provides high-quality raw materials for the high-end ring piece and the high-end tube piece. Through the hollow ingot continuous casting, the steps of upsetting and punching are saved, and the large-diameter tube piece and the large-diameter ring piece can be prepared only by the steps of drawing-out and chambering, the manufacturing period is greatly shortened, the heating frequency is reduced, and the short-flow manufacturing of the high-end ring piece and the high-end tube piece is realized.
Description
Technical field
The invention belongs to high-end equipment and make field, the short flow preparation technology of specifically a kind of high densification, pureization heavy wall circular piece and pipe type element based on continuous casting hollow ingot manufacturing technology.
Background technology
With developing rapidly of wind-powered electricity generation, nuclear power and other high-end equipment manufactures, the consumption of heavy wall circular piece and pipe type element strengthens day by day, and quality requirement is also more and more higher.With wind-powered electricity generation field wind tower flange is example, and the annual new clothes wind tower flange of China consumption is at least one ten million ton at present.Simultaneously, the nuclear power developing paces strengthen day by day, and large thick-wall forging such as nuclear power cylindrical shell, bullet all belong to hollow object, and consumption is huge.These high-end heavy wall circular pieces and pipe type element all adopt solid steel ingot manufacturing to form at present.That is, after solid steel ingot heating, honest thick, punching on forging press is equipped with clearancen heart intermediate blank by pre-expansion or pre-draw then.And then after heating once more, on Ring Rolling Machine or forging press, be prepared into circular piece, pipe type element or cylindrical shell.Therefore, need to heat twice at least in high-end heavy wall circular piece and the pipe type element manufacture process, consume a large amount of energy.And solid steel ingot is made hollow object by punching, has wasted a large amount of raw material.Simultaneously, the manufacturing process of heavy wall lopps and pipe type element is more at present, and the production cycle is long, difficult quality guarantee.
Hollow ingot can directly carry out reaming or pulling on Ring Rolling Machine and forging press, prepare pipe type element and circular piece, need not operations such as honest thick, punching.Simultaneously, the employing hollow ingot prepares pipe type element and circular piece can reduce the blank heating number of times, reduces energy resource consumption.As seen, the preparation of adopting hollow ingot to carry out pipe type element and circular piece not only can improve stock utilization, and can reduce energy resource consumption, shortens manufacturing process, and is of great advantage to producing high-end heavy wall circular piece and pipe type element.
Adopt continuous cast method to produce hollow ingot,, further improved productivity ratio than die casting method.And continuous cast method can significantly reduce the dead head ratio, improves stock utilization.
As seen, make pipe type element with the solid steel ingot of present employing die casting and compare with circular piece, employing continuous casting hollow ingot prepares high-end heavy wall pipe type element and circular piece can shorten production procedure greatly, reduces energy resource consumption, improve stock utilization, and help controlling product quality.
It is generally acknowledged forge or the operation of rolling in, the compression ratio of metal material reaches 3, can eliminate casting flaws such as shrinkage cavity is loose, guarantees the inherent quality and the performance of final products, it is the blank of 300mm that the hollow object of promptly producing wall thickness 100mm needs wall thickness.Therefore, the needed blank wall thickness of high-end heavy wall circular piece and pipe type element is also bigger.
There are some patents to relate to seamless steel pipe continuous casting and hollow ingot continuous casting both at home and abroad.(publication number CN 100999013A) discloses a kind of vertical continuous casting machine for seamless steel pipe blank as Chinese invention patent, and the hollow bloom of its production is used to pipe mill that blank is provided.The pipe wall thickness is thinner, can't be used to prepare the heavy wall hollow object.China's utility model patent (patent No. ZL 200820042945.X) discloses a kind of hollow ingot equipment that can make continuously, and this equipment is mainly used in the production of aluminium ingot.Chinese invention patent (publication number CN101612661A) discloses a kind of electro-slag continuous stripping heavy caliber uniform section hollow steel ingot device that is used for, and this device adopts electro-slag re-melting method to produce hollow steel ingot.Electroslag remelting process is produced steel ingot need realize pouring into a mould consutrode, complex procedures, cost height.U.S.'s patent of invention (patent No. US5052469) discloses a kind of hollow ingot continuous cast method and equipment.This patent is described its lubricating system and device structure in detail, this device structure complexity, and undeclaredly whether can produce the heavy wall hollow ingot.
In sum, existing both at home and abroad hollow continuous cast technology is mainly used in produces thin-walled pipe and non-ferrous metal hollow ingot, does not relate to the continuous casting technology of heavy wall hollow steel ingot as yet.
Summary of the invention
The object of the present invention is to provide a kind of short flow preparation technology of heavy wall circular piece or the pipe type element based on the hollow ingot continuous casting technology, problem such as it is more to solve the manufacturing process that exists in the prior art, and the production cycle is long.
Based on this purpose, technical scheme of the present invention is:
The short flow preparation technology of a kind of heavy wall circular piece and pipe type element comprises the steps:
(1) adopt the hollow ingot continuous casting technology to prepare high-end heavy wall circular piece or the required hollow steel ingot of pipe type element, liquid metal pours in the toroidal cavity of being made up of inside and outside two groups of crystallizers continuously, and by continuous stripping, the preparation wall thickness is the hollow ingot of 100～500mm;
(2) after hollow ingot solidifies crust in crystallizer, by the dummy ingot device hollow ingot is pulled out crystallizer, utilize cooling medium: water, liquid nitrogen or aerosol are forced cooling simultaneously to the hollow ingot inner and outer wall, accelerate the hollow ingot setting rate, improve the hollow ingot dense internal organization;
(3) on the hollow ingot of preparation, cut blank;
(4) on Ring Rolling Machine, the blank that cuts is carried out radially reaming and axial deckle, prepare the heavy wall circular piece; Perhaps, on forging press, carry out radially reaming and axially pulling, prepare heavy wall pipe type element or tube class part cutting blank.
In the described step (1), adopt end bleed-out bag, pour in the toroidal cavity of forming by inside and outside two groups of crystallizers by slidingtype or the stopper rod formula mouth of a river molten steel with fusion.
In the described step (1), adopt end bleed-out bag, carry out the multiple spot cast, the molten steel of fusion is poured in the toroidal cavity of being made up of inside and outside two groups of crystallizers by submersed nozzle uniform more than two; It is steady that molten steel fills type, reduces the formation of oxide slag inclusion and be involved in pureization of assurance hollow ingot.
In the described step (2), the cooling velocity of hollow ingot is 3～10 ℃/s, and setting rate is 0.1～5mm/s.
Described step (3) will cut blank afterwards at forging press upper edge axis direction compression blank, to increase the blank wall thickness, provide enough big forging ratio for preparing heavy wall lopps and pipe type element, and forging ratio is 3～15.
In the described step (4), the wall thickness of heavy wall circular piece, pipe type element or tube class is 10～200mm, highly is 20～8000mm.
The invention has the beneficial effects as follows:
1, the present invention adopts inside and outside two-layer crystallizer, has realized the continuous casting of heavy wall hollow steel ingot.
2, hollow ingot casting apparatus of the present invention adopts end bleed-out bag, submersed nozzle to carry out the multiple spot cast, has improved the stationarity of casting process, has guaranteed the degree of purity of molten metal.
3, hollow ingot casting apparatus of the present invention is forced the secondary cooling to hollow (continuous casting) base inner and outer wall, increases hollow ingot solidified inside speed, improves dense structure's property.
4, the present invention adopts continuous cast method to produce hollow ingot, can raise the efficiency, save material, and is of value to energy-saving and emission-reduction.
5, general large diameter heavy wall circular piece and pipe type element utilize solid steel ingot to be prepared from by series of processes such as honest thick, punching, pulling and reamings, complex process, and the manufacturing cycle is long, adds showing tremendous enthusiasm inferior many.The present invention adopts hollow ingot to carry out the production of pipe type element and circular piece, operations such as honest thick, punching have been removed, shortened the manufacturing cycle greatly, only can prepare major diameter tubing spare and circular piece by pulling and reaming operation, reduce the blank heating number of times simultaneously, realized the short flow process manufacturing of high-end heavy wall circular piece and pipe type element.
Description of drawings
Fig. 1 (a)-(b) is a hollow ingot continuous casting installation for casting schematic diagram.Wherein, Fig. 1 (a) is a front view; Fig. 1 (b) is the A-A view of Fig. 1 (a).
Among the figure, bleed-out bag at the bottom of the 1-; The 2-molten metal; The 3-submersed nozzle; The inside and outside crystallizer of 4-connects bridge; The outer crystallizer of 5-; The 6-interior crystallizer; The 7-hollow ingot; 8-dummy ingot base plate; 9-core cooling device; 10-water smoke cooling device.
Fig. 2 rolles over the ring schematic diagram for hollow ingot.
Among the figure, the 1-drive roll; The 2-driven voller; The 3-hollow ingot; The 4-guide roller; The 5-control roll; The 6-tapered roller.
Fig. 3 forges thick cylinder and thick-walled pipe schematic diagram for hollow ingot.
Among the figure, 1-forges and presses anvil; The 2-saddle; The 3-hollow ingot.
The specific embodiment
The high-end heavy wall circular piece that the present invention relates to and the concrete implementation step of short flow preparation technology and the mode of pipe type element are as follows:
1, the preparation of continuous casting hollow ingot
Shown in Fig. 1 (a)-(b), hollow ingot continuous casting installation for casting of the present invention mainly comprises: end bleed-out bag 1, molten metal 2, submersed nozzle 3, inside and outside crystallizer connect bridge 4, outer crystallizer 5, interior crystallizer 6, hollow ingot 7, dummy ingot base plate 8, core cooling device 9 and water smoke cooling device 10 etc., and concrete structure is as follows:
Bleed-out bag 1 bottom, the end is provided with at least one submersed nozzle 3 (present embodiment be 3 uniform), submersed nozzle 3 extends in the toroidal cavity that forms between interior crystallizer 6, the outer crystallizer 5, connects bridge 4 by inside and outside crystallizer between interior crystallizer 6 and the outer crystallizer 5 and links to each other.Utilize submersed nozzle that molten metal 2 is carried out the multiple spot cast, toroidal cavity between interior crystallizer 6, the outer crystallizer 5 forms hollow ingot 7, hollow ingot 7 is a loop configuration, crystallizer 5 outside the arranged outside of hollow ingot 7 upper ends, inboard in hollow ingot 7 upper ends is provided with interior crystallizer 6, and the bottom of hollow ingot 7 is provided with dummy ingot base plate 8.
This equipment is provided with portable and the adjustable secondary cooling system of flow respectively in hollow ingot 7 inboards and the outside: water smoke cooling device 10 (movable type) and core cooling device 9 (flow is adjustable), core cooling device 9 is arranged on the inboard of hollow ingot 7, and water smoke cooling device 10 is arranged on the outside of hollow ingot 7.
In the present embodiment, the core cooling device 9 concrete water spray modes that adopt are carried out methods for cooling.
In the present embodiment, outer crystallizer internal diameter size scope is Φ 1200～2000mm, and interior crystallizer outside dimension scope is Φ 500～1000mm, and hollow ingot continuous casting installation for casting of the present invention can be produced the hollow ingot that wall thickness is 100～500mm.
Adopt the designed hollow ingot continuous casting installation for casting of the present invention to carry out the hollow ingot preparation.At first the molten steel that melting is handled well pours in the end bleed-out bag, opens submersed nozzle, and molten steel is steadily charged in the annular housing that interior crystallizer and outer crystallizer surround, and crystallizer is taken away the heat of liquid metal deposit rapidly, and molten metal solidifies crust.Similar with traditional crystallizer, interior crystallizer and the vibrations of outer crystallizer property performance period in the casting process.Adopt the hollow ingot that the dummy ingot base plate will solidify crust to pull out crystallizer.Adopt water or aerosol that the hollow ingot surfaces externally and internally is forced the secondary cooling, increase the inner cooling velocity of hollow ingot, realize rapid solidification, the cooling velocity of hollow ingot be 3～10 ℃/s (be preferably 5 ℃/s), setting rate is 0.1～5mm/s (being preferably 2mm/s).Thereby, be used for the hollow ingot of heavy wall pipe type element and circular piece by continuous casting technology production.
2, the production of heavy wall circular piece
As shown in Figure 2, Ring Rolling Machine mainly partly is made up of drive roll 1, driven voller 2, guide roller 4, control roll 5 and tapered roller 6 etc., hollow ingot 3 inboards are provided with drive roll 1, hollow ingot 3 outsides are distributed with driven voller 2, guide roller 4, control roll 5, one end of hollow ingot 3 can increase tapered roller 6, carries out axially rolled, deckle.
On Ring Rolling Machine, the precast hollow base is carried out radially reaming and axial deckle, prepare the heavy wall circular piece.Cut the hollow ingot of certain-length on demand, after being heated to 1100 ℃, in Ring Rolling Machine as shown in Figure 2, hollow ingot is carried out radially reaming.Diameter increased when the hollow ingot wall thickness diminished.Hollow ingot 3 spreading between drive roll 1 and driven voller 2, drive roll 1 rotation also provides power, drives hollow ingot 3 and driven voller 2 rotations.Drive roll 1 is constantly close to driven voller 2, and hollow ingot 3 is forced to distortion under the pressure of drive roll 1, and wall thickness reduces, and diameter increases.Guide roller 4 is used to control the direction and the angle of hollow ingot 3 rotations, guarantees the circularity of annular element.When hollow ingot 3 was rolled certain diameter, control roll 5 commanding apparatus were shut down, and annular element rolls end.
3, the production of pipe type element and cylindrical member
As shown in Figure 3, forging and pressing anvil 1 is arranged at hollow ingot 3 outsides, and saddle 2 is arranged at forging and pressing anvil 1 inboard.
Cut the continuous casting hollow ingot of certain-length equally, on demand.After being heated to 1200 ℃, in the endoporus of hollow ingot 3, penetrate saddle 2, then adopt forging press or pneumatic hammer that hollow ingot is forged and pressed, and constantly rotate hollow ingot 3.Hollow ingot 3 wall thickness reduce, and diameter increases, and final production goes out pipe type element or cylindrical member.
Material: Q345E;
Hollow continuous cast base internal diameter: 500mm;
Hollow continuous cast base external diameter: 1200mm;
The hollow continuous cast base cuts length: 215mm.
On the forging press with above former base axial compression to the 150mm, the hollow continuous cast base is carried out axially honest thick, to improve the compression ratio of heavy wall circular piece forming process, forging ratio is 4.5.
On Ring Rolling Machine the precast hollow base is carried out radially reaming and axial deckle then, carry out the lopps flange part production of wind tower, the circular piece finished size is as follows:
Flange outer diameter: 4500mm;
Flange wall thickness: 100mm;
Flange height: 140mm;
Flange gross weight: 2200kg.
Material: 508III;
Hollow continuous cast base internal diameter: 1000mm;
Hollow continuous cast base external diameter: 2000mm;
The hollow continuous cast base cuts length: 2000mm.;
Above-mentioned former base is pulled out with axial to reaming in the enterprising conduct of forging press, be used to produce the nuclear power evaporator cylindrical shell, the cylindrical shell finished size is as follows:
Cylindrical shell external diameter: 4600mm;
Cylindrical shell wall thickness: 165mm;
Cylindrical shell height: 3600mm;
Cylindrical shell gross weight: 32000kg.
Claims (6)
1. the short flow preparation technology of heavy wall circular piece and pipe type element is characterized in that, comprises the steps:
(1) adopt the hollow ingot continuous casting technology to prepare high-end heavy wall circular piece or the required hollow steel ingot of pipe type element, liquid metal pours in the toroidal cavity of being made up of inside and outside two groups of crystallizers continuously, and by continuous stripping, the preparation wall thickness is the hollow ingot of 100～500mm;
(2) after hollow ingot solidifies crust in crystallizer, by the dummy ingot device hollow ingot is pulled out crystallizer, utilize cooling medium: water, liquid nitrogen or aerosol are forced cooling simultaneously to the hollow ingot inner and outer wall, accelerate the hollow ingot setting rate, improve the hollow ingot dense internal organization;
(3) on the hollow ingot of preparation, cut blank;
(4) on Ring Rolling Machine, the blank that cuts is carried out radially reaming and axial deckle, prepare the heavy wall circular piece; Perhaps, on forging press, carry out radially reaming and axially pulling, prepare heavy wall pipe type element or tube class part cutting blank.
2. according to the described preparation technology of claim 1, it is characterized in that, in the step (1), adopt end bleed-out bag, pour in the toroidal cavity of forming by inside and outside two groups of crystallizers by slidingtype or the stopper rod formula mouth of a river molten steel with fusion.
3. according to the described preparation technology of claim 1, it is characterized in that, in the step (1), adopt end bleed-out bag, carry out the multiple spot cast, the molten steel of fusion is poured in the toroidal cavity of being made up of inside and outside two groups of crystallizers by submersed nozzle uniform more than two; It is steady that molten steel fills type, reduces the formation of oxide slag inclusion and be involved in pureization of assurance hollow ingot.
4. according to the described preparation technology of claim 1, it is characterized in that in the step (2), the cooling velocity of hollow ingot is 3～10 ℃/s, setting rate is 0.1～5mm/s.
5. according to the described preparation technology of claim 1, it is characterized in that step (3) afterwards, to cut blank at forging press upper edge axis direction compression blank, to increase the blank wall thickness, provide enough big forging ratio for preparing heavy wall lopps and pipe type element, forging ratio is 3～15.
6. according to the described preparation technology of claim 1, it is characterized in that in the step (4), the wall thickness of heavy wall circular piece, pipe type element or tube class is 10～200mm, highly is 20～8000mm.
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| CN 201010505211 CN102179487B (en) | 2010-10-13 | 2010-10-13 | Short-flow preparation process for thick-wall ring piece and thick-wall tube piece |
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Cited By (1)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN103386587A (en) * | 2013-07-08 | 2013-11-13 | 甘肃酒钢集团西部重工股份有限公司 | Method for grinding centrifugal hollow steel ingot for large-sized ring part |
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| CN1380153A (en) * | 2002-03-27 | 2002-11-20 | 大连理工大学 | Electromagnetic continuous casting method of hollow metal tube blank |
| CN100999012A (en) * | 2006-01-10 | 2007-07-18 | 李铁铎 | Continuous casting machine for stainless steel seamless composite hollow pipe blank |
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| CN101024229A (en) * | 2006-02-20 | 2007-08-29 | 李铁铎 | Continuous casting, continuous solling production method and apparatus for stainless steel seamless composite pipe |
| CN101028644A (en) * | 2007-04-10 | 2007-09-05 | 中铝洛阳铜业有限公司 | Short flow-path production of copper and copper alloy precisive pipe |
| CN101709403A (en) * | 2009-11-06 | 2010-05-19 | 江阴新华宏铜业有限公司 | Method for preparing brass seamless tubes by adopting hollow ingots |
| CN101875093A (en) * | 2010-06-13 | 2010-11-03 | 中国铝业股份有限公司 | Method for processing non-ferrous alloy rings |
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2010
- 2010-10-13 CN CN 201010505211 patent/CN102179487B/en active Active
Patent Citations (10)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
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| JPS57199544A (en) * | 1981-05-30 | 1982-12-07 | Kawasaki Steel Corp | Continuous casting machine for hollow ingot |
| CN88101307A (en) * | 1988-03-13 | 1988-09-14 | 纪绍祥 | Casting and forging technique of ring blank of roller bearing |
| US5052469A (en) * | 1988-09-20 | 1991-10-01 | Showa Denko Kabushiki Kaisha | Method for continuous casting of a hollow metallic ingot and apparatus therefor |
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Cited By (2)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN103386587A (en) * | 2013-07-08 | 2013-11-13 | 甘肃酒钢集团西部重工股份有限公司 | Method for grinding centrifugal hollow steel ingot for large-sized ring part |
| CN103386587B (en) * | 2013-07-08 | 2015-11-25 | 甘肃酒钢集团西部重工股份有限公司 | A kind ofly grind the method for large ring processed with centrifugal hollow steel ingot |
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