CN102177978A - Coix seed bran and use thereof - Google Patents
Coix seed bran and use thereof Download PDFInfo
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- CN102177978A CN102177978A CN 201110093751 CN201110093751A CN102177978A CN 102177978 A CN102177978 A CN 102177978A CN 201110093751 CN201110093751 CN 201110093751 CN 201110093751 A CN201110093751 A CN 201110093751A CN 102177978 A CN102177978 A CN 102177978A
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Abstract
The invention relates to a method for extracting effective ingredients of cortexes of plant seeds, in particular to coix seed bran, which contains coix seed cortexes and/or seed embryos, wherein the obtained coix seed bran extract can be used for preparing coix seed oil and contains over 85 percent of oil in coix seeds; the yield of extracted coix seed bran oil is over 18 percent; and separated coix seeds can be used for processing foods or directly used as refined coix seeds.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to a kind of from plant species benevolence cortex and/or benevolence embryo the method for effective component extracting, be specially coix seed rice bran and utilization thereof.
Background technology
Coix seed claims the seed of jog's tears, the seed of Job's tears again, is the kind benevolence of grass Job's tears, and property is flat, and slightly sweet flavor is returned spleen, lung, kidney channel.Have strengthening the spleen and tonifying the lung, the clearing heat and promoting diuresis function, cure mainly have loose bowels, disease such as arthritis with fixed pain caused by dampness, the contraction of muscle arteries and veins, oedema, beriberi, lung carbuncle, acute appendicitis, stranguria with turbid discharge, leukorrhea.Discover in a large number, extract coix seed oil and have the inhibition growth of tumour cell from coix seed that strengthen body immunity, protection causes effects such as white blood cell minimizing because of chemotherapy, its physiologically active, medical value and trophic function are generally acknowledged for international medical community.
At present, the method for extracting coix seed oil both at home and abroad is a raw material with the wholegrain coix seed all, adopts organic solvent or supercritical carbon dioxide extracting coix seed oil after crushed.Extract organic solvent that coix seed oil adopts and be generally benzinum or ether, acetone, ethanol etc., extracting back coix seed residue needs carrying out precipitation treatment, and not only solvent loss is big, and power consumption is high, and residual certain amount of solvent in the residue, can only be used as feed or fertilizer.In fact, contain the functional nutrient composition such as protein, starch, vitamin, polysaccharide of high-quality in the coix seed, this coix seed oil extracting method causes the significant wastage of high-quality resource.
The employing supercritical carbon dioxide extracts, and can overcome the drawback that organic solvent extracts the dissolvent residual of coix seed oil.Consult numerous documents, find, the overwhelming majority adopts the extraction yield of supercritical carbon dioxide extracting coix seed oil all to be lower than 10%.
A kind of " method of supercritical carbon dioxide extracting coix seed oil " disclosed at Chinese patent literature CN02145332.2, it adopts carbon dioxide as solvent, add ethanol and extract coix seed oil as entrainer under supercriticality, the extraction yield can reach 8.18%.
Chinese patent literature CN 101036761 B disclose a kind of " a kind of preparation method of coix seed oil ", it adopts ultramicro grinding to handle coix seed, use the supercritical carbon dioxide extracting coix seed oil then, yield is the highest just reaches 10.21% in extraction, and owing to adopt whole grain coix seed ultramicro grinding, the energy consumption height, production efficiency is low, raw meal particle size is meticulous in addition, and material easily hardens under supercritical, high pressure is handled.
On the whole, be raw material with the crushing and pelletizing coix seed, adopt supercritical carbon dioxide to extract coix seed oil and have the following obstacle of using: (1) coix seed oil content is low, and concentrate on cortex and plumule, it is big that whole grain pulverizing extraction takies the extractor volume, increases cost of investment and energy consumption, the production cost height; (2) protein in the coix seed, starch component can be adsorbed grease in crushing process, increase the oil extraction difficulty.
Summary of the invention
One of purpose of the present invention is to provide a kind of raw material of coix seed oil extraction, and this raw material goes to obtain after the benevolence by coix seed, its oil content height.
For achieving the above object, technical scheme of the present invention is:
The preparation raw material of coix seed oil is characterized in that: the preparation raw material of described coix seed oil is the coix seed rice bran.
Further, contain coix seed cortex and/or benevolence embryo in the described coix seed rice bran.
Two of purpose of the present invention is to provide a kind of application of coix seed rice bran, and this application has solved coix seed oil production cost height, problem that yield is lower.
For achieving the above object, technical scheme of the present invention is:
The application of coix seed rice bran in the preparation coix seed oil.
Three of purpose of the present invention is to provide two kinds of preparation methods of coix seed oil, and described two kinds of methods are simple to operate, the oil yield height.
For achieving the above object, the invention provides four kinds of technical schemes, be specially:
The preparation method of coix seed oil is that 1:4-10 mixes with the coix seed rice bran with the volume ratio with absolute ethyl alcohol, is extraction 3-6 hour under 30-50 ℃ the condition in temperature, and extraction times is 1-4 time, must coix seed oil.
The preparation method of coix seed oil, the coix seed rice bran is preserved material carry out supercritical carbon dioxide extracting, coix seed oil, the temperature of supercritical carbon dioxide extracting jar is that 25-50 ℃, pressure 25-40MPa, carbon dioxide flow are 50-100kg/h, extraction time 1-4 hour; The knockout drum temperature is 25-45 ℃, pressure 4-6MPa.
Further, before the extraction of coix seed oil, also comprise the preliminary treatment of coix seed rice bran, be specially: with coix seed rice bran and water with the volume ratio of 8-9:1-2 for after mixing, carrying out extrusion with bulking machine handles, the temperature of bulking machine is set at 100-150 ℃, and the press for extracting juice gun pressure power of bulking machine is 8-16Mpa;
Further, before the extraction of coix seed oil, also comprise the preliminary treatment of coix seed rice bran, be specially: with 100-120 ℃ of steam indirect coix seed rice bran, be 5-10 minute heat time heating time;
Further, before the extraction of coix seed oil, also comprise the preliminary treatment of coix seed rice bran, be specially: directly heat the coix seed rice bran with 100-120 ℃ of steam under the 0.2Mpa condition, be 10-20 second heat time heating time;
Further, before the extraction of coix seed oil, also comprise the preliminary treatment of coix seed rice bran, be specially: the coix seed rice bran is put into a temperature 0-10 ℃ freezer refrigerate.
Beneficial effect of the present invention is: the present invention handles by the coix seed deep layer is milled and separates the coix seed rice bran that is rich in grease, with the coix seed rice bran is that raw material extracts coix seed oil, under optimum process condition, can extract the grease more than 85% in the coix seed, the oil extraction yield reaches more than 18% in the rice bran, the yield that is higher than the disclosed coix seed oil of prior art, disclosed roughly the same in the content of aliphatic acid and the prior art in the composition of resulting coix seed oil, palmitic acid 14.5-17.8% wherein, linoleic acid 32.5-36.8%, oleic acid 40.8-50.2%, stearic acid 1.2-2.2%, promptly this preparation method can effectively keep in the coix seed oil active component not suffer a loss.This preparation method pulverizes the technology of extracting coix seed oil with traditional coix seed wholegrain and compares, the extraction container amount that obtaining identical coix seed oil output needs has only traditional about 25%, solvent consumption has only about 30% of traditional extraction method, reduce cost of investment and solvent-oil ratio greatly, simultaneously, made full use of the coix seed rice bran that to make feed in traditional processing, improved the coix seed comprehensive utilization ratio, reduced production costs greatly.The Job's tears seed machining accuracy height that deep layer is milled and obtained can be used for processed food or the refining coix seed of direct conduct is sold.
The specific embodiment
Discover that by us coix seed oil mainly concentrates in the cortex, plumule of coix seed, wherein: the fat content of cortex reaches 15.6-18.9%, and the fat content in the plumule reaches 23-30%.Coix seed is milled in the peeling process, most cortexes and all embryos enter in the rice bran, cortex, plumule and the rice bran that will enter the coix seed in the rice bran among the present invention are referred to as the coix seed rice bran, promptly contain the cortex of coix seed, the rice bran of plumule.The traditional treatment method of rice bran or coix seed rice bran is the preparation feed.
Find that through test the fat content in the coix seed after the pearling processing has only 3-5%.We find that fat content is up to 20%-26% in the coix seed rice bran at analyzing and testing.Mill (increase grinding times) by deep layer, improve the debranning rate of coix seed cortex or plumule, obtain containing cortex or the high rice bran of plumule rate, coix seed overwhelming majority grease can be ground in the rice bran.Then, be raw material with the coix seed rice bran, extract coix seed oil, not only can reduce the raw material quantity of putting forward oily usefulness greatly, enhance productivity, reduce production costs, and, the SEMEN COICIS precision height behind removal cortex and the bud embryo, commodity is good.
The preparation of embodiment one coix seed rice bran
Use iron roll formula rice mill, device roller two port is neat, adjusts space 0.8 mm between roller end and the liner plate, and adjusts the pressure thallium.The Job's tears brown rice of drying shelling is sent in the rice mill start husk rice.Adopt three road pearlings to contain cortex or plumule rate with what improve rice bran.First road grinds 6.5%, the second road that thing accounts for Job's tears brown rice weight and grinds thing and account for 4.0%, the three road and grind thing and account for 3%.The rice bran that rice bran that the collection rice mill sifts out and coix seed rice huller screen sift out combines and promptly gets the coix seed rice bran.Through detection, contain crude fat 24.5% in the rice bran, crude fat content 2.5% in the Job's tears seed.
The preliminary treatment of embodiment two coix seed rice brans
Present embodiment provides coix seed rice bran preprocess method, and to improve the quality guarantee period of coix seed rice bran, described several method is simple to operate, is applicable to industrial applicability.
For achieving the above object, the invention provides four kinds of technical schemes, be specially:
Coix seed rice bran keeping method one, the coix seed rice bran with after water mixes with the ratio of 8-9:1-2, is carried out extrusion with bulking machine and handles, and the temperature of bulking machine is set at 100-150 ℃, the press for extracting juice gun pressure power of bulking machine is 8-16MPa, gets the coix seed rice bran of stay in grade.
Coix seed rice bran keeping method two, with 100-120 ℃ of steam indirect coix seed rice bran, be 5-10 minute heat time heating time, gets the coix seed rice bran and preserve material.
Coix seed rice bran keeping method three directly heats the coix seed rice bran with 100-120 ℃ of steam under the 0.2Mpa condition, be 10-20 second heat time heating time, gets the coix seed rice bran and preserves material.
Coix seed rice bran keeping method four is put into a temperature 0-10 ℃ freezer with rice bran and is refrigerated, and can guarantee the quality more than 100 days.
The preparation method of embodiment three coix seed oils
With the decortication of milling of the coix seed of drying shelling, the coix seed rice bran grinds rate 5%.The coix seed rice bran that obtains milling adopts 100-110 ℃ indirect steam heating rice bran, and heating 10min gets coix seed rice bran extract, and with the pack of coix seed rice bran extract, low temperature is preserved stand-by then.
Send in the solvent extraction jar through coix seed rice bran extract, pump into the absolute ethyl alcohol of 4 times of coix seed rice bran extract qualities, under 40 ℃ of conditions, the extraction 3h, emit extraction solution after, in extractor, inject the absolute ethyl alcohol of 2 times of quality of coix seed rice bran extract quality again, under 40 ℃ of conditions, extraction 3h, combining extraction liquid, send into and evaporate ethanol in the evaporator, get final product coix seed oil.Coix seed oil extraction yield is 25.6%.Coix seed aliphatic acid consists of: palmitic acid 16.5%, oleic acid 48.6%, linoleic acid 32.5%.
The preparation method of embodiment four coix seed oils
With the decortication of milling of the coix seed of drying shelling, the coix seed rice bran grinds rate 10%.Rice bran is put into 0 ~ 10 ℃ of freezer of temperature refrigerate, get the coix seed rice bran and preserve material, storage life was controlled in 110 days as far as possible.
4kg coix seed rice bran extract is packed in the supercritical carbon dioxide extracting jar, and adopt supercritical carbon dioxide extracting to handle: 45 ℃ of extractor temperature, pressure 30MPa, carbon dioxide flow are 70kg/h, extraction time 2 hours; The knockout drum temperature is 30 ℃, pressure 4MPa.Extraction obtains the 928g coix seed oil, coix seed oil extraction yield 23.2%.Coix seed aliphatic acid consists of: palmitic acid 14.5%, oleic acid 46.4%, linoleic acid 34.6%.
The preparation method of embodiment five coix seed oils
With the decortication of milling of the coix seed of drying shelling, the coix seed rice bran grinds rate 20%.The coix seed rice bran is sent into extrusion handle, the temperature in the bulking machine is generally 120 ℃, and moisture is 15%, and the pressure that presses in the thorax reaches 8MPa.Through oven dry, cooling modifier treatment, make moisture reach 8%, coix seed rice bran extract.Coix seed rice bran extract after the 10kg processing is sent in the extractor, and adopt supercritical carbon dioxide extracting: 50 ℃ of extractor temperature, pressure 40MPa, carbon dioxide flow are 100kg/h, extraction time 4 hours; The knockout drum temperature is 25 ℃, pressure 5MPa.Extraction obtains the 1860g coix seed oil, coix seed oil extraction yield 18.6%.Coix seed aliphatic acid consists of: palmitic acid 15.8%, oleic acid 47.7%, linoleic acid 33.9%.
The preparation method of embodiment six coix seed oils
With the decortication of milling of the coix seed of drying shelling, the coix seed rice bran grinds rate 16%.The coix seed rice bran is divided on close net conveyer belt, and material thickness 2-3cm adopts the direct gas of 0.2MPa hyperthermia and superheating steam to steam rice bran 15-20 second, gets coix seed rice bran extract.Then, through oven dry, cooling modifier treatment, make moisture reach 8%.Send in the solvent extraction jar through Passivation Treatment coix seed rice bran, pump into the absolute ethyl alcohol of 6 times of coix seed rice bran extract qualities, under 50 ℃ of conditions, the extraction 4h, emit extraction solution after, in extractor, inject the absolute ethyl alcohol of 2 times of quality of coix seed rice bran extract quality again, under 40 ℃ of conditions, extraction 2h, combining extraction liquid, send into and evaporate ethanol in the evaporator, get final product coix seed oil.Coix seed oil extraction yield is 20.8%.Coix seed aliphatic acid consists of: palmitic acid 16.3%, oleic acid 48.1%, linoleic acid 33.5%.
Explanation is at last, above embodiment is only unrestricted in order to technical scheme of the present invention to be described, although by invention has been described with reference to the preferred embodiments of the present invention, but those of ordinary skill in the art is to be understood that, can make various changes to it in the form and details, and the spirit and scope of the present invention that do not depart from appended claims and limited.
Claims (9)
1. the preparation raw material of coix seed oil, it is characterized in that: the preparation raw material of described coix seed oil is the coix seed rice bran.
2. the preparation raw material of coix seed oil according to claim 1 is characterized in that: contain coix seed cortex and/or benevolence embryo in the described coix seed rice bran.
3. the application of coix seed rice bran in the preparation coix seed oil.
4. the preparation method of coix seed oil is characterized in that: is that 1:4-10 mixes with the coix seed rice bran with the volume ratio with absolute ethyl alcohol, is extraction 3-6 hour under 30-50 ℃ the condition in temperature, and extraction times is 1-4 time, must coix seed oil.
5. the preparation method of coix seed oil, it is characterized in that: the coix seed rice bran is preserved material carry out supercritical carbon dioxide extracting, coix seed oil, the temperature of supercritical carbon dioxide extracting jar is that 25-50 ℃, pressure 25-40MPa, carbon dioxide flow are 50-100kg/h, extraction time 1-4 hour; The knockout drum temperature is 25-45 ℃, pressure 4-6MPa.
6. according to the preparation method of claim 4 or 5 described coix seed oils, it is characterized in that, before the extraction of coix seed oil, also comprise the preliminary treatment of coix seed rice bran, be specially: with coix seed rice bran and water with the volume ratio of 8-9:1-2 for after mixing, carry out extrusion with bulking machine and handle, the temperature of bulking machine is set at 100-150 ℃, and the press for extracting juice gun pressure power of bulking machine is 8-16Mpa.
7. according to the preparation method of claim 4 or 5 described coix seed oils, it is characterized in that, before the extraction of coix seed oil, also comprise the preliminary treatment of coix seed rice bran, be specially: with 100-120 ℃ of steam indirect coix seed rice bran, be 5-10 minute heat time heating time.
8. according to the preparation method of claim 4 or 5 described coix seed oils, it is characterized in that, before the extraction of coix seed oil, also comprise the preliminary treatment of coix seed rice bran, be specially: directly heat the coix seed rice bran with 100-120 ℃ of steam under the 0.2Mpa condition, be 10-20 second heat time heating time.
9. according to the preparation method of claim 4 or 5 described coix seed oils, it is characterized in that, before the extraction of coix seed oil, also comprise the preliminary treatment of coix seed rice bran, be specially: the coix seed rice bran is put into a temperature 0-10 ℃ freezer refrigerate.
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Cited By (11)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
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CN102618382A (en) * | 2012-03-21 | 2012-08-01 | 上海交通大学 | Method for extracting coix seed rice bran oil by utilizing supercritical CO2 technology |
WO2014094269A1 (en) * | 2012-12-20 | 2014-06-26 | 乔本生医股份有限公司 | Extract of coix lacryma-jobi seed bran and use thereof |
US8911800B2 (en) | 2012-12-20 | 2014-12-16 | Joben Bio-Medical Co., Ltd. | Extract of adlay bran and uses thereof |
CN104388187A (en) * | 2014-10-27 | 2015-03-04 | 贵州薏仁集团兴仁薏仁科技有限责任公司 | Preparation method for coix seed oil |
CN105062666A (en) * | 2015-08-26 | 2015-11-18 | 西南大学 | Deacidification technology for adlay bran oil with high free fat content |
JP2017521497A (en) * | 2014-07-18 | 2017-08-03 | ゼンジアン カングライト グループ シーオー.、エルティーディー. | Yokuinin oil containing 16 kinds of glycerides, formulation and application |
JP2017522441A (en) * | 2014-07-18 | 2017-08-10 | ゼンジアン カングライト グループ シーオー.、エルティーディー. | Yokuinin oil containing 11 kinds of triglycerides, formulation and application |
JP2017524047A (en) * | 2014-07-18 | 2017-08-24 | ゼンジアン カングライト グループ シーオー.、エルティーディー. | Yokuinin oil containing 13 kinds of glycerides, formulation and application |
JP2017524697A (en) * | 2014-07-18 | 2017-08-31 | ゼンジアン カングライト グループ シーオー.、エルティーディー. | Pharmaceutical composition comprising 13 glycerides, formulation and application thereof |
CN107653059A (en) * | 2017-11-07 | 2018-02-02 | 江南大学 | A kind of method of active grease in radio frequency enzyme deactivation, ethanol assisted extraction coix seed chaff |
CN111166835A (en) * | 2019-07-25 | 2020-05-19 | 山东中医药大学 | Method for extracting coixenolide for improving spleen deficiency and dampness retention hyperlipidemia and fatty liver |
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Cited By (12)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
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CN102618382A (en) * | 2012-03-21 | 2012-08-01 | 上海交通大学 | Method for extracting coix seed rice bran oil by utilizing supercritical CO2 technology |
WO2014094269A1 (en) * | 2012-12-20 | 2014-06-26 | 乔本生医股份有限公司 | Extract of coix lacryma-jobi seed bran and use thereof |
US8911800B2 (en) | 2012-12-20 | 2014-12-16 | Joben Bio-Medical Co., Ltd. | Extract of adlay bran and uses thereof |
JP2016505577A (en) * | 2012-12-20 | 2016-02-25 | 喬本生医股▲ふん▼有限公司 | Barley bran extract and use thereof |
JP2017521497A (en) * | 2014-07-18 | 2017-08-03 | ゼンジアン カングライト グループ シーオー.、エルティーディー. | Yokuinin oil containing 16 kinds of glycerides, formulation and application |
JP2017522441A (en) * | 2014-07-18 | 2017-08-10 | ゼンジアン カングライト グループ シーオー.、エルティーディー. | Yokuinin oil containing 11 kinds of triglycerides, formulation and application |
JP2017524047A (en) * | 2014-07-18 | 2017-08-24 | ゼンジアン カングライト グループ シーオー.、エルティーディー. | Yokuinin oil containing 13 kinds of glycerides, formulation and application |
JP2017524697A (en) * | 2014-07-18 | 2017-08-31 | ゼンジアン カングライト グループ シーオー.、エルティーディー. | Pharmaceutical composition comprising 13 glycerides, formulation and application thereof |
CN104388187A (en) * | 2014-10-27 | 2015-03-04 | 贵州薏仁集团兴仁薏仁科技有限责任公司 | Preparation method for coix seed oil |
CN105062666A (en) * | 2015-08-26 | 2015-11-18 | 西南大学 | Deacidification technology for adlay bran oil with high free fat content |
CN107653059A (en) * | 2017-11-07 | 2018-02-02 | 江南大学 | A kind of method of active grease in radio frequency enzyme deactivation, ethanol assisted extraction coix seed chaff |
CN111166835A (en) * | 2019-07-25 | 2020-05-19 | 山东中医药大学 | Method for extracting coixenolide for improving spleen deficiency and dampness retention hyperlipidemia and fatty liver |
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