CN102177978B - Coix seed bran and use thereof - Google Patents

Coix seed bran and use thereof Download PDF

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Publication number
CN102177978B
CN102177978B CN 201110093751 CN201110093751A CN102177978B CN 102177978 B CN102177978 B CN 102177978B CN 201110093751 CN201110093751 CN 201110093751 CN 201110093751 A CN201110093751 A CN 201110093751A CN 102177978 B CN102177978 B CN 102177978B
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China
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coix seed
rice bran
extraction
coix
seed oil
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CN102177978A (en
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刘雄
阚建全
陈厚荣
李江
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Southwest University
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Southwest University
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Abstract

The invention relates to a method for extracting effective ingredients of cortexes of plant seeds, in particular to coix seed bran, which contains coix seed cortexes and/or seed embryos, wherein the obtained coix seed bran extract can be used for preparing coix seed oil and contains over 85 percent of oil in coix seeds; the yield of extracted coix seed bran oil is over 18 percent; and separated coix seeds can be used for processing foods or directly used as refined coix seeds.

Description

Coix seed rice bran and utilization thereof
Technical field
The present invention relates to a kind of from plant species benevolence cortex and/or benevolence embryo the method for effective component extracting, be specially coix seed rice bran and utilization thereof.
Background technology
Coix seed claims again the seed of jog's tears, the seed of Job's tears, is the kind benevolence of grass Job's tears, and property is flat, and slightly sweet flavor is returned spleen, lung, kidney channel.Have strengthening the spleen and tonifying the lung, the clearing heat and promoting diuresis function, cure mainly have loose bowels, the disease such as arthritis with fixed pain caused by dampness, the contraction of muscle arteries and veins, oedema, beriberi, lung carbuncle, acute appendicitis, stranguria with turbid discharge, leukorrhea.Large quantity research is found, extracts coix seed oil and have the inhibition tumor cell growth from coix seed, strengthens body immunity, and protection causes the effects such as white blood cell minimizing because of chemotherapy, and its physiologically active, medical value and trophic function are generally acknowledged for international medical community.
At present, extract the method for coix seed oil both at home and abroad all take the wholegrain coix seed as raw material, adopt after crushed organic solvent or extracting coix seed oil by using supercritical CO 2 extraction.Extract organic solvent that coix seed oil adopts and be generally benzinum or ether, acetone, ethanol etc., the coix seed residue needs carrying out precipitation treatment after extracting, and not only solvent loss is large, and power consumption is high, and residual a certain amount of solvent in the residue, can only be used as feed or fertilizer.In fact, contain the functional nutrient composition such as protein, starch, vitamin, polysaccharide of high-quality in the coix seed, this coix seed oil extracting method causes the significant wastage of high-quality resource.
The employing supercritical carbon dioxide extracts, and can overcome the drawback that organic solvent extracts the dissolvent residual of coix seed oil.Consult numerous documents, find, the overwhelming majority adopts the extraction yield of extracting coix seed oil by using supercritical CO 2 extraction all to be lower than 10%.
A kind of " method of extracting coix seed oil by using supercritical CO 2 extraction " disclosed at Chinese patent literature CN02145332.2, it adopts carbon dioxide as solvent, add ethanol and extract coix seed oil as entrainer under supercriticality, the extraction yield can reach 8.18%.
Chinese patent literature CN 101036761 B disclose a kind of " a kind of preparation method of coix seed oil ", it adopts ultramicro grinding to process coix seed, then use extracting coix seed oil by using supercritical CO 2 extraction, yield is the highest just reaches 10.21% in extraction, and owing to adopt whole grain coix seed ultramicro grinding, energy consumption is high, and production efficiency is low, raw meal particle size is meticulous in addition, and material easily hardens under supercritical, high pressure is processed.
On the whole, take the crushing and pelletizing coix seed as raw material, adopt supercritical carbon dioxide to extract coix seed oil and have the following obstacle of using: (1) coix seed oil content is low, and concentrate on cortex and plumule, it is large that whole grain pulverizing extraction takies the extractor volume, increases cost of investment and energy consumption, and production cost is high; (2) protein in the coix seed, starch component can be adsorbed grease in crushing process, increase the oil extraction difficulty.
Summary of the invention
One of purpose of the present invention is to provide a kind of raw material of coix seed oil extraction, and this raw material goes to obtain after the benevolence by coix seed, and its oil content is high.
For achieving the above object, technical scheme of the present invention is:
The raw materials of coix seed oil is characterized in that: the raw materials of described coix seed oil is the coix seed rice bran.
Further, contain coix seed cortex and/or benevolence embryo in the described coix seed rice bran.
Two of purpose of the present invention is to provide a kind of application of coix seed rice bran, and this application has solved the problem that the coix seed oil production cost is high, yield is lower.
For achieving the above object, technical scheme of the present invention is:
The application of coix seed rice bran in the preparation coix seed oil.
Three of purpose of the present invention is to provide two kinds of preparation methods of coix seed oil, and described two kinds of methods are simple to operate, and oil yield is high.
For achieving the above object, the invention provides four kinds of technical schemes, be specially:
The preparation method of coix seed oil mixes with absolute ethyl alcohol the coix seed rice bran take volume ratio as 1:4-10, be extraction 3-6 hour under 30-50 ℃ the condition in temperature, and extraction times is 1-4 time, gets coix seed oil.
The preparation method of coix seed oil, the coix seed rice bran is preserved material carry out supercritical carbon dioxide extracting, coix seed oil, the temperature of supercritical carbon dioxide extracting tank is that 25-50 ℃, pressure 25-40MPa, carbon dioxide flow are 50-100kg/h, extraction time 1-4 hour; The knockout drum temperature is 25-45 ℃, pressure 4-6MPa.
Further, before the extraction of coix seed oil, also comprise the preliminary treatment of coix seed rice bran, be specially: with coix seed rice bran and water with the volume ratio of 8-9:1-2 for after mixing, carrying out extrusion with bulking machine processes, the Temperature Setting of bulking machine is 100-150 ℃, and the press for extracting juice gun pressure power of bulking machine is 8-16Mpa;
Further, before the extraction of coix seed oil, also comprise the preliminary treatment of coix seed rice bran, be specially: with 100-120 ℃ of steam indirect coix seed rice bran, be 5-10 minute heat time heating time;
Further, before the extraction of coix seed oil, also comprise the preliminary treatment of coix seed rice bran, be specially: with 100-120 ℃ of steam direct heating coix seed rice bran, be 10-20 second heat time heating time under the 0.2Mpa condition;
Further, before the extraction of coix seed oil, also comprise the preliminary treatment of coix seed rice bran, be specially: the coix seed rice bran is put into a temperature 0-10 ℃ freezer refrigerate.
Beneficial effect of the present invention is: the present invention processes by the coix seed deep layer is milled and separates rich grease-contained coix seed rice bran, extract coix seed oil take the coix seed rice bran as raw material, under optimum process condition, can extract the grease more than 85% in the coix seed, the oil extraction yield reaches more than 18% in the rice bran, the yield that is higher than the disclosed coix seed oil of prior art, disclosed roughly the same in the content of aliphatic acid and the prior art in the composition of resulting coix seed oil, palmitic acid 14.5-17.8% wherein, linoleic acid 32.5-36.8%, oleic acid 40.8-50.2%, stearic acid 1.2-2.2%, namely this preparation method can effectively keep in the coix seed oil active component not suffer a loss.This preparation method pulverizes the technique of extracting coix seed oil with traditional coix seed wholegrain and compares, the extraction container amount that obtaining identical coix seed oil output needs only has traditional about 25%, solvent consumption only has about 30% of traditional extraction method, greatly reduce cost of investment and solvent-oil ratio, simultaneously, take full advantage of the coix seed rice bran that to make feed in the tradition processing, improve the coix seed comprehensive utilization ratio, greatly reduce production costs.The Job's tears seed machining accuracy height that deep layer is milled and obtained can be used for processed food or the directly refining coix seed sale of conduct.
The specific embodiment
Study discovery by us, coix seed oil mainly concentrates in the cortex, plumule of coix seed, and wherein: the fat content of cortex reaches 15.6-18.9%, and the fat content in the plumule reaches 23-30%.Coix seed is milled in the peeling process, most cortexes and all embryos enter in the rice bran, cortex, plumule and the rice bran that will enter the coix seed in the rice bran among the present invention are referred to as the coix seed rice bran, namely contain the cortex of coix seed, the rice bran of plumule.The traditional treatment method of rice bran or coix seed rice bran is the preparation feed.
Find that through test the fat content in the coix seed after the pearling processing only has 3-5%.We find that fat content is up to 20%-26% in the coix seed rice bran at analyzing and testing.Mill (increase grinding times) by deep layer, improve the debranning rate of coix seed cortex or plumule, obtain containing cortex or the high rice bran of plumule rate, coix seed overwhelming majority grease can be ground in the rice bran.Then, take the coix seed rice bran as raw material, extract coix seed oil, not only can reduce greatly the raw material quantity of putting forward oily usefulness, enhance productivity, reduce production costs, and the SEMEN COICIS precision behind removal cortex and the bud embryo is high, commodity is good.
The preparation of embodiment one coix seed rice bran
Use iron roll formula rice mill, device roller two port is neat, adjusts space 0.8 mm between roller end and the liner plate, and adjusts the pressure thallium.The Job's tears brown rice of drying shelling is sent in the rice mill start husk rice.Adopt three road pearlings to contain cortex or plumule rate with what improve rice bran.First grinds thing and accounts for 6.5% of Job's tears brown rice weight, and second grinds thing and accounts for 4.0%, the three road and grind thing and account for 3%.The rice bran that the rice bran that the collection rice mill sifts out and coix seed rice huller screen sift out combines and namely gets the coix seed rice bran.Through detection, contain crude fat 24.5% in the rice bran, crude fat content 2.5% in the Job's tears seed.
The preliminary treatment of embodiment two coix seed rice brans
Present embodiment provides coix seed rice bran preprocess method, and to improve the quality guarantee period of coix seed rice bran, described several method is simple to operate, is applicable to industrial applicability.
For achieving the above object, the invention provides four kinds of technical schemes, be specially:
Coix seed rice bran keeping method one, the coix seed rice bran with after water mixes with the ratio of 8-9:1-2, is carried out extrusion with bulking machine and processes, and the Temperature Setting of bulking machine is 100-150 ℃, the press for extracting juice gun pressure power of bulking machine is 8-16MPa, gets the coix seed rice bran of stay in grade.
Coix seed rice bran keeping method two, with 100-120 ℃ of steam indirect coix seed rice bran, be 5-10 minute heat time heating time, gets the coix seed rice bran and preserve material.
Coix seed rice bran keeping method three, with 100-120 ℃ of steam direct heating coix seed rice bran, be 10-20 second heat time heating time under the 0.2Mpa condition, gets the coix seed rice bran and preserve material.
Coix seed rice bran keeping method four is put into a temperature 0-10 ℃ freezer with rice bran and is refrigerated, and can guarantee the quality more than 100 days.
The preparation method of embodiment three coix seed oils
With the decortication of milling of the coix seed of drying shelling, the coix seed rice bran grinds rate 5%.The coix seed rice bran that obtains milling adopts 100-110 ℃ indirect steam heating rice bran, and heating 10min gets coix seed rice bran extract, and then with the pack of coix seed rice bran extract, low temperature is preserved stand-by.
Send in the solvent extraction tank through coix seed rice bran extract, pump into the absolute ethyl alcohol of 4 times of coix seed rice bran extract qualities, under 40 ℃ of conditions, the extraction 3h, emit extraction solution after, inject again the absolute ethyl alcohol of 2 times of quality of coix seed rice bran extract quality in the extractor, under 40 ℃ of conditions, extraction 3h, combining extraction liquid, send into and evaporate ethanol in the evaporator, get final product to get coix seed oil.Coix seed oil extraction yield is 25.6%.Coix seed aliphatic acid consists of: palmitic acid 16.5%, oleic acid 48.6%, linoleic acid 32.5%.
The preparation method of embodiment four coix seed oils
With the decortication of milling of the coix seed of drying shelling, the coix seed rice bran grinds rate 10%.Rice bran is put into 0 ~ 10 ℃ of freezer of temperature refrigerate, get the coix seed rice bran and preserve material, storage life was controlled in 110 days as far as possible.
4kg coix seed rice bran extract is packed in the supercritical carbon dioxide extracting tank, and adopt supercritical carbon dioxide extracting to process: extractor temperature 45 C, pressure 30MPa, carbon dioxide flow are 70kg/h, extraction time 2 hours; The knockout drum temperature is 30 ℃, pressure 4MPa.Extraction obtains the 928g coix seed oil, coix seed oil extraction yield 23.2%.Coix seed aliphatic acid consists of: palmitic acid 14.5%, oleic acid 46.4%, linoleic acid 34.6%.
The preparation method of embodiment five coix seed oils
With the decortication of milling of the coix seed of drying shelling, the coix seed rice bran grinds rate 20%.The coix seed rice bran is sent into extrusion process, the temperature in the bulking machine is generally 120 ℃, and moisture is 15%, and the pressure that presses in the thorax reaches 8MPa.Through oven dry, cooling modifier treatment, make moisture reach 8%, coix seed rice bran extract.Coix seed rice bran extract after the 10kg processing is sent in the extractor, and adopt supercritical carbon dioxide extracting: extractor temperature 50 C, pressure 40MPa, carbon dioxide flow are 100kg/h, extraction time 4 hours; The knockout drum temperature is 25 ℃, pressure 5MPa.Extraction obtains the 1860g coix seed oil, coix seed oil extraction yield 18.6%.Coix seed aliphatic acid consists of: palmitic acid 15.8%, oleic acid 47.7%, linoleic acid 33.9%.
The preparation method of embodiment six coix seed oils
With the decortication of milling of the coix seed of drying shelling, the coix seed rice bran grinds rate 16%.The coix seed rice bran is divided on close net conveyer belt, and material thickness 2-3cm adopts the direct gas of 0.2MPa hyperthermia and superheating steam to steam rice bran 15-20 second, gets coix seed rice bran extract.Then, through oven dry, cooling modifier treatment, make moisture reach 8%.Send in the solvent extraction tank through Passivation Treatment coix seed rice bran, pump into the absolute ethyl alcohol of 6 times of coix seed rice bran extract qualities, under 50 ℃ of conditions, the extraction 4h, emit extraction solution after, inject again the absolute ethyl alcohol of 2 times of quality of coix seed rice bran extract quality in the extractor, under 40 ℃ of conditions, extraction 2h, combining extraction liquid, send into and evaporate ethanol in the evaporator, get final product to get coix seed oil.Coix seed oil extraction yield is 20.8%.Coix seed aliphatic acid consists of: palmitic acid 16.3%, oleic acid 48.1%, linoleic acid 33.5%.
Explanation is at last, above embodiment is only unrestricted in order to technical scheme of the present invention to be described, although by invention has been described with reference to the preferred embodiments of the present invention, but those of ordinary skill in the art is to be understood that, can make various changes to it in the form and details, and not depart from the spirit and scope of the present invention that appended claims limits.

Claims (2)

1. the preparation method of coix seed oil, it is characterized in that: with coix seed rice bran and water with the volume ratio of 8-9:1-2 for after mixing, carry out extrusion with bulking machine and process, the Temperature Setting of bulking machine is 100-150 ℃, the press for extracting juice gun pressure power of bulking machine is 8-16MPa, gets preliminary treatment coix seed rice bran;
Gained preliminary treatment coix seed rice bran is mixed take volume ratio as 1:4-10 with absolute ethyl alcohol, is extraction 3-6 hour under 30-50 ℃ the condition in temperature, and extraction times is 1-4 time, gets coix seed oil.
2. the preparation method of the described coix seed oil of claim 1, it is characterized in that, the extraction of coix seed oil replaces with following step, preliminary treatment coix seed rice bran is carried out supercritical carbon dioxide extracting, coix seed oil, the temperature of supercritical carbon dioxide extracting tank is that 25-50 ℃, pressure 25-40MPa, carbon dioxide flow are 50-100kg/h, extraction time 1-4 hour; The knockout drum temperature is 25-45 ℃, pressure 4-6MPa.
CN 201110093751 2011-04-14 2011-04-14 Coix seed bran and use thereof Expired - Fee Related CN102177978B (en)

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CN102618382A (en) * 2012-03-21 2012-08-01 上海交通大学 Method for extracting coix seed rice bran oil by utilizing supercritical CO2 technology
TWI541017B (en) 2012-12-20 2016-07-11 喬本生醫股份有限公司 Extract of adlay bran and uses thereof
ES2638149T3 (en) * 2012-12-20 2017-10-18 Joben Bio-Medical Co., Ltd. Adlai bran extract and use thereof
CN105250804A (en) * 2014-07-18 2016-01-20 浙江康莱特集团有限公司 Coix seed oil containing 11 triglycerides, preparation and applications thereof
US9585858B2 (en) * 2014-07-18 2017-03-07 Zhejiang Kanglaite Group Co., Ltd. Pharmaceutical composition containing 13 triglycerides, and preparations and use thereof
CN105311486A (en) * 2014-07-18 2016-02-10 浙江康莱特集团有限公司 Coix seed oil containing 16 glycerides, preparation and applications thereof
US9585929B2 (en) * 2014-07-18 2017-03-07 Zhejiang Kanglaite Group Co., Ltd. Coix seed oil containing 13 glycerides, and pharmaceutical preparation and use thereof
CN104388187A (en) * 2014-10-27 2015-03-04 贵州薏仁集团兴仁薏仁科技有限责任公司 Preparation method for coix seed oil
CN105062666A (en) * 2015-08-26 2015-11-18 西南大学 Deacidification technology for adlay bran oil with high free fat content
CN107653059B (en) * 2017-11-07 2019-11-26 江南大学 A kind of method of active grease in radio frequency enzyme deactivation, ethyl alcohol assisted extraction semen coicis chaff
CN111166835A (en) * 2019-07-25 2020-05-19 山东中医药大学 Method for extracting coixenolide for improving spleen deficiency and dampness retention hyperlipidemia and fatty liver

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