CN102175834B - Device for stimulating nutrient absorption of plant root system and using method of device - Google Patents
Device for stimulating nutrient absorption of plant root system and using method of device Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- CN102175834B CN102175834B CN201110025558.1A CN201110025558A CN102175834B CN 102175834 B CN102175834 B CN 102175834B CN 201110025558 A CN201110025558 A CN 201110025558A CN 102175834 B CN102175834 B CN 102175834B
- Authority
- CN
- China
- Prior art keywords
- sampling pipe
- pipe
- sampling
- soil
- wash
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Expired - Fee Related
Links
Landscapes
- Sampling And Sample Adjustment (AREA)
Abstract
The invention discloses a device for stimulating nutrient absorption of a plant root system and a using method of the device. The device comprises a sampling pipe, a liquid-supplying system and a low-pressure system, wherein the sampling pipe is respectively connected with the liquid-supplying system and the low-pressure system; the sampling pipe comprises a sampling pipe body and an anion/cation exchanging membrane; a plurality of holes are arranged in the middle of the outer wall of the sampling pipe body; and a plurality of grooves are arranged between the holes on the outer wall of the sampling pipe body. The method for using the device comprises the steps of: burying the sampling pipe which is soaked in a sodium bicarbonate (NaHCO3) solution in the soil for 2 hours; taking the sampling pipe out and eluting the sampling pipe with hydrochloric acid (HCl) solution; and detecting the content of anionic and cationic nutrients in the eluent to evaluate the nutrients, which can be absorbed by the plant root system, in the soil. The system disclosed by the invention has the advantages of high accuracy, energy conservation, environment friendliness, simple operating steps and the like.
Description
Technical field
The invention belongs to the extractive technique field of soil nutrient ion, particularly a kind of root system of plant Nutrient Absorption analogue means and using method thereof of utilizing ion-exchange membrane simulation Root Absorption soil nutrient ion.
Background technology
Extraction and mensuration to available nutrient content in soil mainly contains chemical leaching test and planting Evaluation Method at present.Some chemicals is mixed with extract by chemical leaching test, soil is joined in extract shake, centrifugal rear collection supernatant, measure its nutrient content.The method is considered to the pedestal method that soil nutrient is measured, but it there are differences with the mode of plant absorption nutrient, the better impact of nutrient on plant in reflect soil.Because dissimilar soil diversity is very large, adopt the same extraction agent truth of reflect soil nutrient supply preferably; And leaching process need consume more energy and reagent, do not meet " low-carbon (LC) " theory of current promotion.The soil nutrient that planting Evaluation Method absorbs no doubt meets himself Root Absorption rule, but the method is consuming time more, and the Study On The Nutrient Absorption Characters of Different Crop root system there are differences, Different Crop there are differences the nutrient supply status evaluation result of same soil, experimental result is very easily subject to the impact of external environment and management level in addition, therefore needs to set up a set of unification, objective nutrient extracting method.
The embedding method of ion exchange resin ball (film) of rising the fifties in last century has been imitated the characteristic of nutrient ion in root system of plant absorption soil to a certain extent, and energy dynamic monitoring soil nutrient ion concentration level; And the current extracting method of reporting is embedded in soil after how resin balls (film) being directly embedded in to soil or being contained in mesh bag, operation inconvenient while at every turn taking-up, and be difficult to guarantee that resin balls (film) fully contacts with soil.The another kind of extraction element based on amberplex is that the Jeff of Canadian University of Saskatchewan (University of Saskatchewan) thanks to Nao (Jeff Schoenau) invention in 1992, " root system of plant simulator " (Plant Root Simulator, the PRS being produced by western agriculture Creative Company (Western Ag Innovation Inc.) at present
tM) (United States Patent (USP): US6242261, Canadian Patent: CA 2129843C, Australian Patent: AU 673817B2, world patent is organized registration number: WO 9316382A1), this device has overcome the trouble that direct embedding amberplex brings to a certain extent, but because device is only a slice amberplex being clipped in frame of plastic, and lack the structure that promotes extraction efficiency, thereby extraction efficiency is on the low side; And this device integrated level is low, so use it to carry out still needing more human assistance to operate to guarantee that it can normal extraction when soil nutrient extracts.And this device amberplex useful area is little, can not intactly monitor the nutrient levels of whole arable layer.
Therefore, the following defect of ubiquity in prior art: (1) traditional chemical extracting method is no doubt relatively accurate, but because needs gather pedotheque, and adopt native process and air-dry, shattering process subsequently all unavoidably damage soil conditions, change the actual state that soil nutrient is supplied with, and overall time cost is more; Planting test no doubt can draw the result that meets plant absorbing rule, but whole planting process influence factor is too many, and Different Crop absorption characteristic differs greatly, and can draw different conclusions therefore same soil is carried out to evaluation with different plants; (2) reagent and the operating process meeting used of traditional chemical extracting method causes pollution in various degree to environment, and leaching process also consumes more energy and material simultaneously; (3) traditional chemical extracting method need to carry out comparatively loaded down with trivial details pre-treatment to soil sample, and planting test requires plantation overall process to drop into more manpower and materials and the time manages.
Therefore, according to demand, the extraction element of a set of nutrient supply of reflect soil preferably situation need to be proposed.
Summary of the invention
Fundamental purpose of the present invention is that the shortcoming that overcomes above-mentioned prior art, with not enough, provides a kind of simple and reasonable for structure, the nutrient content of energy reflected well soil and the root system of plant Nutrient Absorption analogue means to plant deliverability thereof.
Another object of the present invention is to provide the using method of said apparatus.
For reaching above-mentioned purpose, the present invention adopts following technical scheme:
A kind of root system of plant Nutrient Absorption analogue means, comprises sampling pipe, liquid-supplying system and low-pressure system, and described sampling pipe is connected with liquid-supplying system, low-pressure system respectively; Described sampling pipe comprises sampling body and overlays on the anion/cation exchange membrane on sampling tube wall; The outer wall of sampling body is provided with several holes, and between each hole, is also provided with several grooves on sampling tube wall.The effect of groove is the deionized water of liquid-supplying system output to play guiding diffusion, makes whole amberplex and rhizosphere soil keep moistening.The effect in each hole is the negative pressure in conduction low-pressure system, promotes that the nutrient ion in soil moves to sampling pipe.
The effect of liquid-supplying system is keep amberplex and rhizosphere soil moistening, and the effect of low-pressure system is to provide negative pressure, promotes that soil nutrient moves to rhizosphere.
Described groove comprises ring groove and main groove, and ring groove is located between two holes adjacent on vertical direction, and main groove is a groove extending vertically; Each ring groove converges at main groove, and between each ring groove and main groove, forms multiple " individual " font.
Each hole on described sampling body presents matrix arranges, and the distance of center circle on vertical direction between every two adjacent holes is 1.0～1.5cm.
The lower end sealing of described sampling body, its upper end is plugged with the pipe close of low-pressure system.
Described sampling body is preferably hard polyethylene chloride tube.
Described anion/cation exchange membrane is homogeneous ion-exchange membrane, and is fixed on by plastic sheet on the outer tube wall of sampling body.
Described liquid-supplying system comprises reservoir, feed pipe, flow regulator and water dropper, and one end of feed pipe is connected with reservoir, and the other end is connected with water dropper, and water dropper is embedded in the main groove of sampling pipe; Described flow regulator is located on described feed pipe; Bottleneck at reservoir is also connected with the snorkel communicating with it, and the other end of snorkel leads to atmosphere.The effect of liquid-supplying system is by regulating current, keep the moistening of amberplex on sampling pipe and rhizosphere soil to be measured, and both can fully contact.
As preferably, reservoir is the 500mL plastic bottle of an in-built deionized water, and the flow that flow regulator can regulate is 4～6mlmin
-1.
Described low-pressure system comprises exhaust tube, spiral tongs, T-valve, syringe and pipe close, and insert in pipe close one end of described exhaust tube, and be connected with sampling pipe by pipe close, and the other end is connected with T-valve; Described T-valve is connected with syringe, and described spiral tongs is arranged on exhaust tube.The piston boit of described syringe is provided with two pairs of breach, and the body of syringe is provided with stator, described breach and stator clamping.The effect of low-pressure system is that sampling pipe inner chamber pressure is declined, thereby promotes that in soil, nutrient moves to rhizosphere.
Described sampling pipe also overlaps and has pipe box outward, pipe box is preferably diameter and is greater than the cylinder that Polyvinylchloride film that sampling pipe external diameter 1mm, length be longer than the ion-exchange diaphragm area of sampling pipe is made, and its effect is the friction that alleviates sampling pipe embedded process intermediate ion exchange membrane and soil.
This device also comprises NaHCO is housed
3the wash-out cylinder of solution (being sodium bicarbonate solution) or HCl solution (being hydrochloric acid solution).In the time of sampling pipe wash-out, sampling pipe is placed in wash-out cylinder.Described NaHCO
3solution concentration is preferably 0.5～1.0molL
-1, described HCl solution concentration is preferably 0.5～1.0molL
-1.
Further, NaHCO
3solution concentration is preferably 0.5molL
-1, as preserving liquid; HCl solution concentration is preferably 0.5molL
-1, as eluent.Sampling pipe, before experiment, is first placed in NaHCO is housed
3the wash-out cylinder of solution is preserved, and carries out presaturation; When sampling pipe extracts after the nutrient of soil to be measured, sampling pipe is placed in to the wash-out cylinder that HCl solution is housed and carries out wash-out.
The using method of said apparatus comprises the steps:
(1) sampling pipe is soaked in NaHCO is housed
3in the wash-out cylinder of solution, make cation-exchange membrane by Na
+saturated, anion-exchange membrane quilt
saturated; Before using, sampling pipe is taken out, use washed with de-ionized water sampling pipe 3～5 times, put pipe box; As preferred version, NaHCO
3solution concentration is 0.5～1.0molL
-1, the soak time of sampling pipe is more than 36 hours, changes solution 2 times between soak period, then sampling pipe is dipped in deionized water to 6～12 hours;
(2) in the reservoir of liquid-supplying system, inject the deionized water that is equivalent to tested point water-retaining quantity among field of soil; Sampling pipe is embedded in tested point soil, takes out pipe box, make anion/cation exchange membrane and soil close contact to be measured on sampling pipe;
(3) until sampling pipe embedding stable after, the water dropper of liquid-supplying system is embedded into the main groove on sampling body, the pipe close that is connected with low-pressure system is received to sampling body upper end, simultaneously assurance device impermeability.Open liquid-supplying system, the reservoir of liquid-supplying system is carried deionized water to sampling pipe, simultaneously deionized water enters in soil along the groove of sampling body, to keep amberplex and ground moistening to be measured, the flow regulator of liquid-supplying system by the flow control of feed pipe at 4～6mlmin
-1;
(4) T-valve is threaded to and isolated from atmosphere place, pull the piston of syringe to setting scale value place (being preferably 50mL scale value place) clamping, in sampling pipe, will form low pressure, adjustable screw tongs is to control pressure in sampling pipe and ambient atmosphere balance required time as 2～3min; Reach after certain hour (preferably 10min), swivel tee valve is to communicate place with atmosphere, the piston of pushing syringe is discharged air wherein, then constantly repeat above-mentioned decompression operation several times, to utilize low-pressure system to promote soil moisture to sampling pipe travel motion, simulating plant root system is with the streamed absorption soil nutrient of matter, and soil nutrient is adsorbed on amberplex with the form of ion;
(5) reach after setting-up time (being preferably 2 hours) when sampling pipe embedding time in tested soil, take liquid-supplying system apart, low-pressure system is connected with sampling pipe, take out sampling pipe, remove and adhere to grogs on amberplex;
(6) sampling pipe is placed in to the wash-out cylinder wash-out certain hour (being preferably 2 hours) that HCl solution is housed, HCl solution concentration is preferably 0.5～1.0molL
-1, utilize the Cl in HCl solution
-or H
+the ion-exchange that amberplex is adsorbed is in HCl solution;
(7) after reaching setting-up time (being preferably 2 hours), sampling pipe is taken out, adopt conventional method to analyze HCl solution, reach and measure the nutrient ionic species of soil to be measured and the object of content; Described conventional instrument method includes but not limited to ultraviolet-visible spectrocolorimetry, flame spectrophotometry;
(8) wash-out cylinder and sampling pipe are washed away after residual HCl, by 0.5～1.0molL with deionized water
-1naHCO
3(be preferably 0.5molL
-1) inject wash-out cylinder, and sampling pipe is immersed, wait until next time and use.
Principle of work of the present invention: have charged group (as sulfonate radical on the molecule of formation amberplex
quaternary ammonium salt base-N
+(CH
3)
3deng), therefore can suction band and the ion of its opposite charges.To soak NaHCO
3amberplex be embedded in soil and to soil supply enough moisture, the ion being adsorbed in soil will enter in the soil liquid; Due to the existence of amberplex, the nutrient ion being adsorbed by soil particle will be adsorbed on amberplex, be swapped out the Na of absorption simultaneously
+or
by pulling the piston of syringe that the accurate closed system volume that sampling pipe inner chamber and low-pressure system are formed by connecting is increased suddenly, pressure reduces; The soil liquid outside sampling pipe flows to sampling pipe because of the pressure difference between soil and sampling pipe, and in the time that the soil liquid is flowed through amberplex, film surface is stayed in the band potential point intercepting and capturing on exchanged film by central ion.By this operation, the extraction efficiency of this device will be improved.In the time amberplex being carried out to wash-out with HCl solution, according to the mass action law, the soil nutrient ion that the eluent of high concentration can make to be adsorbed by amberplex is compared fast desorb up hill and dale and is discharged in eluent.
Compared with prior art, tool of the present invention has the following advantages and beneficial effect:
1, the high and favorable repeatability of accuracy: influence factor when device and method experiment of the present invention is less, therefore can guarantee the repeatability of result, is suitable for using under multiple environmental baseline; The present invention adopts embedding this non-disturbance extraction method of amberplex original position to have and does not destroy rhizospheric environment, extracts the advantages such as result and soil nutrient supply characteristics good relationship; This device compared with prior art, has improved extraction efficiency by liquid-supplying system and low-pressure system simultaneously; In addition, this measurement device scope can cover whole arable layer, reduces sampling error; Therefore the present invention is with respect to the extracting method actual state of reflect soil nutrient supply more accurately of prior art.
2, energy-conserving and environment-protective: the present invention does not need to use special or poisonous extraction agent, and the reagent using is conventional medicine, facilitate laboratories at different levels to promote the use of, and have the advantages such as energy-conserving and environment-protective.
3, operation steps is simple: each step of the inventive method, all without speciality tool or skill, without to soil pretreatment to be measured, has the simple advantage of operation steps.
Accompanying drawing explanation
Fig. 1 is the structural representation of apparatus of the present invention.
Fig. 2 is the structural representation of wash-out cylinder of the present invention.
Fig. 3 is the structural representation of pipe box of the present invention.
Fig. 4 is the structural representation of body of sampling shown in Fig. 1, and wherein figure (a) is sampling body front perspective view, and figure (b) is sampling pipe side parallax stereogram, and figure (c) is sampling body rear perspective view.
Fig. 5 is the structural representation of syringe shown in Fig. 1.
Fig. 6 is the structural representation of T-valve shown in Fig. 1.
Fig. 7 is the structural representation of the tongs of spiral shown in Fig. 1.
Embodiment
Below in conjunction with embodiment and accompanying drawing, the present invention is described in further detail, but embodiments of the present invention are not limited to this.
Embodiment 1
Fig. 1～Fig. 7 shows the concrete structure schematic diagram of the present embodiment, and as shown in Figure 1, this root system of plant Nutrient Absorption analogue means comprises sampling pipe, liquid-supplying system and low-pressure system, and described sampling pipe is connected with liquid-supplying system, low-pressure system respectively.Described sampling pipe comprises sampling body 1 and overlays on the anion/cation exchange membrane 2 of sampling on body 1 outer wall and forms.The outer wall of sampling body 1 is provided with several holes 5, and is also provided with several grooves on sampling body 1 outer wall between each hole 5.
As shown in Fig. 4 (a), Fig. 4 (b) and Fig. 4 (c), described groove comprises main groove 3 and ring groove 4, and ring groove 4 is located between two holes 5 adjacent on vertical direction, and main groove 3 is a groove extending vertically; Each ring groove 4 converges at main groove 3 places, and between each ring groove 4 and main groove 3, forms multiple " individual " font.Each hole 5 of described sampling body 1 presents matrix arranges, and the axial distance of center circle on vertical direction between every two adjacent holes 5 is 1.5cm.
Described liquid-supplying system comprises reservoir 8, snorkel 9, feed pipe 10, flow regulator 11 and water dropper 12, and one end of feed pipe 10 is connected with reservoir 8, and the other end connects water dropper 12; Water dropper 12 embeds in the main groove 3 of sampling body 1; Described flow regulator 11 is located on described feed pipe 10; Also be connected with at the bottleneck of reservoir 8 snorkel 9 that one end is communicated with it, the other end of snorkel 9 leads to atmosphere.The effect of liquid-supplying system is by regulating current, keeps the anion/cation exchange membrane 2 on sampling body 1 can fully contact with rhizosphere ground moistening to be measured and both.
Reservoir 8 is the 500mL plastic bottle of an in-built deionized water, and flow regulator 11 can regulating water flow be 4～6mlmin
-1.
Described low-pressure system comprises exhaust tube 14, spiral tongs 15, T-valve 16, syringe 17 and pipe close 13, and insert in pipe close 13 one end of described exhaust tube 14, and is connected with sampling pipe by pipe close 13, and the other end is connected with T-valve 16; Described T-valve 16 is connected with exhaust tube 14 and syringe 17; Described spiral tongs 15 is arranged on exhaust tube 14.The effect of low-pressure system is to make to sample body 1 inner chamber pressure decline, thereby promotes that in soil, nutrient moves to rhizosphere, improves absorption efficiency.
As shown in Figure 5, described syringe 17 comprises body 18 and is placed in the piston head 19 of body 18 inside, piston boit 21, and piston boit 21 is provided with two pairs of breach 20, and the body 18 of syringe 17 is provided with stator 22, described breach 20 can with stator 22 clampings.
As shown in Figure 6, one end 23 of T-valve 16 connects exhaust tube 14, and one end 25 connects syringe 17, the logical atmosphere in one end 24, the switching of switching three ends by a rotary-piston.As shown in Figure 7, spiral tongs 15 is connected with exhaust tube 14 clamps.
Described sampling pipe also overlaps and has pipe box 26 outward, as shown in Figure 3, pipe box 26 is for diameter is greater than sampling body 1 external diameter 1mm, length is longer than the cylinder of the Polyvinylchloride film system in anion/cation exchange membrane 2 regions that cover on sampling body 1, and its effect is the friction that alleviates sampling pipe embedded process intermediate ion exchange membrane and soil.
The lower end sealing of described sampling body 1, its upper end is plugged with the pipe close 13 of low-pressure system, and the exhaust tube 14 of described low-pressure system inserts in sampling body 1 through pipe close 13.
As shown in Figure 2, this device also comprises NaHCO is housed
3the wash-out cylinder 7 of solution or HCl solution, sampling pipe is placed in wash-out cylinder 7.NaHCO
3solution is 0.5molL
-1, as preserving liquid; HCl solution is 0.5molL
-1, as eluent.Sampling pipe, before experiment, is first placed in NaHCO is housed
3the wash-out cylinder 7 of solution is preserved, and carries out presaturation; When sampling pipe extracts after the nutrient of soil to be measured, sampling pipe is placed in to the wash-out cylinder 7 that HCl solution is housed and carries out wash-out.
Described anion/cation exchange membrane 2 is homogeneous phase anion/cation exchange membrane, and makes on its outer tube wall that is fixed on sampling body 1 by Polyvinylchloride film 6.Be specially: the two ends up and down in anion/cation exchange membrane 2 regions at sampling body 1 first stick on a circle Polyvinylchloride film 6 on tube wall, on this circle Polyvinylchloride film, paste same Polyvinylchloride film 6, anion/cation exchange membrane 2 is stuck among the space of two films.
The using method of said apparatus comprises the steps:
(1) sampling body 1 is soaked in 0.5molL is housed
-1naHCO
3in the wash-out cylinder 7 of solution, make cation-exchange membrane 2 by Na
+saturated, anion-exchange membrane 2 quilts
saturated; Before using, sampling pipe is taken out, use washed with de-ionized water sampling pipe 3～5 times, put pipe box 26; The soak time of sampling pipe is more than 36 hours, changes solution 2 times between soak period, then sampling pipe is dipped in deionized water to 6～12 hours;
(2) be equivalent to the deionized water of tested point field capacity to the interior injection of reservoir 8 of liquid-supplying system; Sampling pipe is embedded in soil to be measured, takes out pipe box 26, make sampling pipe and soil close contact to be measured with instruments such as native cuttves;
(3) until sampling pipe embedding stable after, the water dropper of liquid-supplying system 12 is embedded in the main groove 3 of sampling body 1, the pipe close being connected with low-pressure system 13 is clogged to the mouth of pipe of sampling body 1 upper end, while assurance device impermeability; Open liquid-supplying system, the reservoir 8 of liquid-supplying system is carried deionized water to sampling pipe, deionized water enters in soil along the groove of sampling body 1 simultaneously, to keep anion/cation exchange membrane 2 and ground moistening to be measured, the flow regulator 11 of liquid-supplying system by the flow control of its feed pipe 10 at 4～6mlmin
-1;
(4) T-valve 16 is threaded to and isolated from atmosphere place, pull the piston of syringe 17 to setting scale value place (being 50mL scale value place) clamping, make formation low pressure in sampling pipe, adjustable screw tongs 15 is to control pressure in sampling pipe and ambient atmosphere balance required time as 2～3min, after 10min, swivel tee valve 16 is to the place that communicates with atmosphere, the piston of pushing syringe 17 is discharged air wherein, repeat above-mentioned decompression operation several times, to utilize low-pressure system to promote soil moisture to sampling pipe travel motion, simulating plant root system is with the streamed absorption soil nutrient of matter, soil nutrient is adsorbed on anion/cation exchange membrane 2 with the form of ion,
(5) reach after setting-up time (2 hours) when sampling pipe embedding time in soil to be measured, take liquid-supplying system apart, low-pressure system is connected with sampling body 1, take out sampling pipe, remove and adhere to grogs on anion/cation exchange membrane 2;
(6) sampling pipe is placed in 90mL 0.5molL is housed
-1in the wash-out cylinder 77 of HCl solution, wash-out 2 hours, utilizes the Cl in HCl solution
-or H
+the ion-exchange that anion/cation exchange membrane 2 is adsorbed is in HCl solution;
(7) after reaching setting-up time (2 hours), sampling pipe is taken out, adopt conventional method to analyze HCl solution, reach and measure the nutrient ionic species of soil to be measured and the object of content; Described conventional instrument method includes but not limited to ultraviolet-visible spectrocolorimetry, flame spectrophotometry;
(8) wash-out cylinder 7 and sampling pipe are washed away after residual HCl, by 0.5molL with deionized water
-1naHCO
3inject wash-out cylinder 7, and sampling pipe is immersed, wait until next time and use.
The assembling of apparatus of the present invention:
(1) assembling of sampling pipe:
1. boring and fluting: get long 32cm, internal diameter is 1.3cm, and thickness is 1.5mm, the hard polyethylene chloride tube of hypomere sealing is as sampling body 1; At the circular hole 5 of beating diameter 6mm apart from 20cm section below sampling body 1 upper end 7cm, 13 holes of every row, totally 4 rows, each hole is uniformly distributed; Distance of center circle 1.5cm between adjacent two holes in row; Between adjacent two rows' hole, carve ring groove 4 (not digging poling wall), ring groove 4 all comes together in a main groove 3, as multiple " individual " font stacks from top to bottom.
2. anion/cation exchange membrane 2 is fixing: test anion/cation exchange membrane 2 used and be purchased from Beijing global Li Da environmental protection equipment company limited, model is JAM-I-5 (cavity block) or JCM-I-5 (anode membrane).Get the diaphragm of 5cm × 20cm, anion/cation exchange membrane 2 is covered on the outer tube wall of sampling body 1 and fixing.The upper and lower two ends, region of anion/cation exchange membrane 2 first stick on a circle polyethylene glue slip 6 on tube wall, paste same Polyvinylchloride film strip 6 on this circle film, and anion/cation exchange membrane 2 is stuck among the space of two films.
3. make pipe box 26: the rectangle Polyvinylchloride film of cutting one 25cm × 5.2cm, be rolled into right cylinder side and paste, be pipe box 26.
(2) assembling of wash-out cylinder 7:
Getting internal diameter is 2.0cm, the hard polyethylene chloride tube that thickness is 2mm, and long is 34cm, lower end closed, upper end adds upper shield, is wash-out cylinder 7.
(3) assembling of liquid feed device:
The parts such as reservoir 8, snorkel 9, feed pipe 10, flow regulator 11, water dropper 12 that connect successively 500mL with feed pipe 10, water dropper 12 is located at the upper end of anion/cation exchange membrane 2, and embeds in main groove 3 gaps of sampling body 1.Snorkel 9 is located at the bottle mouth position of reservoir 8.
(4) assembling of low-voltage device:
A rubber stopper is filled in sampling body 1 upper end, as pipe close 13; Get the flexible plastic tube of 60cm length, internal diameter 4mm as exhaust tube 14, one end of exhaust tube 14 penetrates pipe close 13, another termination T-valve 16, and this section of exhaust tube 14 managed stage casing and accompanied a spiral tongs 15.T-valve 16 1 termination exhaust tube 14, one termination syringes 17, one end leads to atmosphere, switches three ends open and close by a rotary-piston.
Syringe 17 volumes are 50mL.On its piston handle, open two pairs of breach, 17 ends of syringe are installed pair of metal stator.
Experiment of the present invention:
The soil of experiment use picks up from red earth 0-20cm layer, and air-dry grinding is stand-by after sieving.Three processing are set: 1. blank: not add fertilizer; 2. process 1: the level of adding 100 milligrams of nitrogen, phosphorus, potassium element by every kilogram of soil, mixes soil and fertilizer; 3. process 2: by every kilogram of level of adding 200 milligrams of nitrogen, phosphorus, potassium element, soil and fertilizer are mixed.
The soil of three kinds of processing is adopted to conventional chemical extracting method and apparatus of the present invention and method mensuration rapid available phosphorus potassium in prior art: use HF-HCl acid mixture to extract rapid available phosphorus, use NH
4oAc extracts available potassium; Use apparatus of the present invention and method to carry out soil nutrient and extract experiment, each parameter of apparatus and method as described above.Process on soil and plant soybean and tomato at three kinds in addition, after one month, gather in the crops whole plant, measure dry weight, phosphorus content and potassium content.
The extraction result comparison of the extraction result of table 1 conventional chemical extracting method and the technology of the present invention
Table 1 illustrates in variation tendency, and the result of conventional chemical extracting method and the technology of the present invention all presents the trend that approaches linear growth.Simultaneously, the extraction result of the technology of the present invention and conventional chemical extracting method good relationship: for rapid available phosphorus, both sides relation regression equation is: (the extraction result that y is the technology of the present invention, x is the extraction result of conventional chemical extracting method) y=0.0155x+0.1296, correlation coefficient r
2=0.9951; For available potassium, both sides relation regression equation is: y=0.1006x-0.3926, r
2=0.9658.Thereby the present invention can obtain satisfied readily available nutrient of soil result same with conventional chemical extraction method in quite high degree, thereby the result of two kinds of methods can be utilized by simple conversion.
Table 2 planting experimental result
Multiple ratio adopts DucanShi method of inspection (α=0.05), and the different letter representation difference of same row reaches the level of signifiance.
Table 2 shows, Different Crop is different to the soil response of same fertility level, soybean and tomato to process 1 and the nutrient differential response processed between 2 be reflected on dry weight and potassium content all not obvious; Soybean is to content of soil available phosphor sensitivity, and tomato is insensitive.Thereby only judge that with crop growing state soil fertility is inappropriate, still need to judge soil fertility by the measurement result of chemistry or physical-chemical method.
The contrast that table 3 planting experimental result and conventional chemical extracting method, the technology of the present invention are extracted result
Y is planting experimental result (unit: mg/g), and x is that (unit of conventional chemical extracting method is mg/kg, and root system analogue means unit is μ g/cm for the extraction result of conventional chemical extracting method or the technology of the present invention
2).
Table 3 illustrates, with regard to soybean, phosphorus and potassium that the result that the technology of the present invention is extracted more meets soybean than conventional chemical extracting method absorb and accumulation law; And for tomato, the technology of the present invention can be utilized aspect potassium and be better than conventional chemical extracting method assessment plant.Therefore, the technology of the present invention can be evaluated the soil nutrient that plant absorbs preferably.
Embodiment 2
The present embodiment except following characteristics other features with embodiment 1: the each hole on described sampling body presents matrix arranges, and the distance of center circle on vertical direction between every two adjacent holes is 1.0cm.
NaHCO
3solution is 1.0molL
-1, as preserving liquid; HCl solution is 1.0molL
-1, as eluent.
Embodiment 3
The present embodiment except following characteristics other features with embodiment 1: the each hole on described sampling body presents matrix arranges, and the distance of center circle on vertical direction between every two adjacent holes is 1.2cm.NaHCO
3solution is 0.8molL
-1, as preserving liquid; HCl solution is 0.8molL
-1, as eluent.
Above-described embodiment is preferably embodiment of the present invention; but embodiments of the present invention are not restricted to the described embodiments; other any do not deviate from change, the modification done under Spirit Essence of the present invention and principle, substitutes, combination, simplify; all should be equivalent substitute mode, within being included in protection scope of the present invention.
Claims (7)
1. a root system of plant Nutrient Absorption analogue means, is characterized in that: comprise sampling pipe, liquid-supplying system and low-pressure system, described sampling pipe is connected with liquid-supplying system, low-pressure system respectively; Described sampling pipe comprises sampling body and overlays on the anion/cation exchange membrane on sampling tube wall; The outer wall of sampling body is provided with several holes, and sampling tube wall is also provided with several grooves between each hole; Described groove comprises ring groove and main groove, and ring groove is located between two holes adjacent on vertical direction, and main groove is a groove extending vertically; Each ring groove converges at main groove, and between each ring groove and main groove, forms multiple " individual " font;
Described liquid-supplying system comprises reservoir, feed pipe, flow regulator and water dropper, and one end of feed pipe is connected with reservoir, and the other end is connected with water dropper, and water dropper is embedded in the main groove of sampling pipe; Described flow regulator is located on described feed pipe; Bottleneck at reservoir is also connected with the snorkel communicating with it, and the other end of snorkel leads to atmosphere;
Described low-pressure system comprises exhaust tube, spiral tongs, T-valve, syringe and pipe close, insert in pipe close one end of described exhaust tube, and be connected with sampling pipe by pipe close, and the other end is connected with T-valve, described T-valve is connected with syringe, and described spiral tongs is arranged on exhaust tube.
2. root system of plant Nutrient Absorption analogue means according to claim 1, is characterized in that: the each hole on described sampling body presents matrix arranges, and the distance of center circle on vertical direction between every two adjacent holes is 1.0～1.5cm.
3. root system of plant Nutrient Absorption analogue means according to claim 1, is characterized in that: the piston boit of described syringe is provided with two pairs of breach, and the body of syringe is provided with stator described breach and stator clamping.
4. root system of plant Nutrient Absorption analogue means according to claim 1, is characterized in that: the lower end sealing of described sampling body, its upper end is plugged with the pipe close of low-pressure system.
5. root system of plant Nutrient Absorption analogue means according to claim 1, is characterized in that: described sampling pipe also overlaps and has pipe box outward.
6. root system of plant Nutrient Absorption analogue means according to claim 5, is characterized in that: this device also comprises NaHCO is housed
3the wash-out cylinder of solution or HCl solution, sampling pipe is placed in wash-out cylinder.
7. the using method of installing according to claim 6, is characterized in that, comprises the steps:
(1) sampling pipe is soaked in NaHCO is housed
3in the wash-out cylinder of solution, make cation-exchange membrane by Na
+saturated, anion-exchange membrane quilt
saturated; Before using, sampling pipe is taken out, use washed with de-ionized water sampling pipe 3～5 times, put pipe box;
(2) in the reservoir of liquid-supplying system, inject the deionized water that is equivalent to tested point water-retaining quantity among field of soil; Sampling pipe is embedded in tested point soil, takes out pipe box, make anion/cation exchange membrane and soil close contact to be measured on sampling pipe;
(3) open liquid-supplying system after stable until sampling pipe is embedding, adjust flux regulator by the flow control of feed pipe at 4～6mlmin
-1;
(4) T-valve is threaded to and isolated from atmosphere place, pull the piston of syringe to setting the clamping of scale place, make formation low pressure in sampling pipe, adjustable screw tongs is to control pressure in sampling pipe and ambient atmosphere balance required time as 2～3min, after certain hour, swivel tee valve is to communicate place with atmosphere, the piston of pushing syringe is discharged air wherein, repeats aforesaid operations several times;
(5) reach after the schedule time when sampling pipe embedding time in soil to be measured, take out sampling pipe, take liquid-supplying system apart, low-pressure system is connected with sampling pipe, removing adheres to the grogs on amberplex;
(6) sampling pipe is placed in to the wash-out cylinder wash-out certain hour that HCl solution is housed;
(7) after reaching setting-up time, sampling pipe is taken out, adopt conventional method to analyze HCl solution; Described conventional method comprises ultraviolet-visible spectrocolorimetry and flame spectrophotometry;
(8) wash away after HCl residual on wash-out cylinder and sampling pipe, by NaHCO with deionized water
3inject wash-out cylinder, and sampling pipe is immersed, wait until next time and use.
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN201110025558.1A CN102175834B (en) | 2011-01-24 | 2011-01-24 | Device for stimulating nutrient absorption of plant root system and using method of device |
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN201110025558.1A CN102175834B (en) | 2011-01-24 | 2011-01-24 | Device for stimulating nutrient absorption of plant root system and using method of device |
Publications (2)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| CN102175834A CN102175834A (en) | 2011-09-07 |
| CN102175834B true CN102175834B (en) | 2014-07-09 |
Family
ID=44519039
Family Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN201110025558.1A Expired - Fee Related CN102175834B (en) | 2011-01-24 | 2011-01-24 | Device for stimulating nutrient absorption of plant root system and using method of device |
Country Status (1)
| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| CN (1) | CN102175834B (en) |
Families Citing this family (7)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN102735589B (en) * | 2012-06-25 | 2014-11-05 | 兰州大学 | Device for rapidly and accurately determining hydraulic conductivity of plants |
| CN102914634B (en) * | 2012-10-17 | 2015-07-01 | 中国水产科学研究院南海水产研究所 | Determining system for flux of bottom mud nutritive salt under condition of simulating natural environment |
| CN103063655B (en) * | 2012-12-28 | 2016-04-20 | 中国科学院新疆生态与地理研究所 | A kind of method that detection cotton in seedling stage of exerting pressure circulates to flowering and boll-setting period mineral nutrient |
| CN105319338B (en) * | 2015-11-17 | 2017-03-29 | 浙江大学 | The device and application of quantitative determination soil mass flow and diffusion |
| CN106018182B (en) * | 2016-05-16 | 2019-03-01 | 河海大学 | The root system analog acquisition system monitored for PAHs diffusion flux in soil |
| CN107179223B (en) * | 2017-04-18 | 2020-06-12 | 中山大学 | Root surface iron film/microbial film generation simulation device and method |
| CN108956945B (en) * | 2018-06-22 | 2023-06-27 | 西南交通大学 | Chip stack structure analysis test equipment |
Citations (5)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| US4816161A (en) * | 1987-11-27 | 1989-03-28 | The United States Of America As Represented By The Secretary Of Agriculture | Isopotential available ion extractor |
| US6242261B1 (en) * | 1992-02-10 | 2001-06-05 | University Of Saskatchewan | Assessment of ion availability in heterogeneous media using ion-exchange membranes |
| CN101042361A (en) * | 2006-03-24 | 2007-09-26 | 中国科学院南京土壤研究所 | Method for measuring clay dispersion average binding free energy and adsorption free energy to cation |
| CN101226140A (en) * | 2008-01-25 | 2008-07-23 | 浙江大学 | Method for measuring soil available phosphorus using abandon ion exchange resin ball |
| JP5060664B2 (en) * | 2012-04-27 | 2012-10-31 | 株式会社東芝 | Television receiver and electronic device |
Family Cites Families (1)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| JPH0560664A (en) * | 1991-09-02 | 1993-03-12 | Toyama Pref Gov | Method for extracting component in soil or the like by ion exchange tube |
-
2011
- 2011-01-24 CN CN201110025558.1A patent/CN102175834B/en not_active Expired - Fee Related
Patent Citations (5)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| US4816161A (en) * | 1987-11-27 | 1989-03-28 | The United States Of America As Represented By The Secretary Of Agriculture | Isopotential available ion extractor |
| US6242261B1 (en) * | 1992-02-10 | 2001-06-05 | University Of Saskatchewan | Assessment of ion availability in heterogeneous media using ion-exchange membranes |
| CN101042361A (en) * | 2006-03-24 | 2007-09-26 | 中国科学院南京土壤研究所 | Method for measuring clay dispersion average binding free energy and adsorption free energy to cation |
| CN101226140A (en) * | 2008-01-25 | 2008-07-23 | 浙江大学 | Method for measuring soil available phosphorus using abandon ion exchange resin ball |
| JP5060664B2 (en) * | 2012-04-27 | 2012-10-31 | 株式会社東芝 | Television receiver and electronic device |
Non-Patent Citations (2)
| Title |
|---|
| 刘婷琳等.膜型树脂在土壤养分测试中的应用进展.《土壤与环境》.2001,第10卷(第2期), |
| 膜型树脂在土壤养分测试中的应用进展;刘婷琳等;《土壤与环境》;20010228;第10卷(第2期);第161-164页 * |
Also Published As
| Publication number | Publication date |
|---|---|
| CN102175834A (en) | 2011-09-07 |
Similar Documents
| Publication | Publication Date | Title |
|---|---|---|
| CN102175834B (en) | Device for stimulating nutrient absorption of plant root system and using method of device | |
| CN104884947B (en) | Soil chemistry sensor | |
| Holland et al. | Herbivore-induced changes in plant carbon allocation: assessment of below-ground C fluxes using carbon-14 | |
| Lehmann et al. | Nutrient leaching. | |
| Ahuja et al. | Root zone water quality model: modelling management effects on water quality and crop production | |
| CN104198405A (en) | Method for determining bio-available phosphorus in soil | |
| CN104239729B (en) | A kind of agricultural non -point pollution measuring method and device based on water circulation | |
| CN110501476A (en) | A kind of test method and device of the conversion of Dry Farmland nitrogen phosphorus transfer | |
| CN106771081A (en) | A kind of simulated rainfall original post soil leaching device | |
| Kang et al. | Promotion function of forest vegetation on the water & carbon coupling cycle in karst critical zone: Insights from karst groundwater systems in south China | |
| Miche et al. | Hydrochemical constraints between the karst Tabular Middle Atlas Causses and the Saïs basin (Morocco): implications of groundwater circulation | |
| CN104129829B (en) | A kind of effervescent tablet for extracting organic pollutant and preparation and application method thereof | |
| Huang et al. | Short-term experiments on ion transport by seedlings and excised roots: technique and validity | |
| Thaysen et al. | Inorganic carbon fluxes across the vadose zone of planted and unplanted soil mesocosms | |
| CN106404933A (en) | Method for measuring rice field greenhouse gases based on rice field soil solution | |
| CN211904810U (en) | Outdoor natural soil ammonia volatilizees and collects monitoring devices | |
| CN101526446A (en) | Soil solution original-position collecting device for paddy planting system rooting zone and application method thereof | |
| Huang et al. | Microsite assessment of forest soil nitrogen, phosphorus, and potassium supply rates in‐field using ion exchange membranes | |
| CN101477091A (en) | In-situ monitoring method for litter decomposing soluble nutrient release amount | |
| Liu et al. | Effects of initial soil moisture content on soil water and nitrogen transport under muddy water film hole infiltration | |
| CN202281773U (en) | Unsaturation water supply device for simulating underground water | |
| CN208109515U (en) | A kind of soil production gas acquisition device | |
| CN204177787U (en) | A kind of in-site detecting device for potted plant soil ammonia volatilization | |
| CN113532961A (en) | U-shaped layered soil nitrous oxide gas collection method and device | |
| CN112557251A (en) | Device and method for simply measuring ammonia volatilization rate of soil or compost |
Legal Events
| Date | Code | Title | Description |
|---|---|---|---|
| C06 | Publication | ||
| PB01 | Publication | ||
| C10 | Entry into substantive examination | ||
| SE01 | Entry into force of request for substantive examination | ||
| C14 | Grant of patent or utility model | ||
| GR01 | Patent grant | ||
| CF01 | Termination of patent right due to non-payment of annual fee | ||
| CF01 | Termination of patent right due to non-payment of annual fee |
Granted publication date: 20140709 Termination date: 20220124 |