CN102175834A - Device for stimulating nutrient absorption of plant root system and using method of device - Google Patents
Device for stimulating nutrient absorption of plant root system and using method of device Download PDFInfo
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- CN102175834A CN102175834A CN2011100255581A CN201110025558A CN102175834A CN 102175834 A CN102175834 A CN 102175834A CN 2011100255581 A CN2011100255581 A CN 2011100255581A CN 201110025558 A CN201110025558 A CN 201110025558A CN 102175834 A CN102175834 A CN 102175834A
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Abstract
The invention discloses a device for stimulating nutrient absorption of a plant root system and a using method of the device. The device comprises a sampling pipe, a liquid-supplying system and a low-pressure system, wherein the sampling pipe is respectively connected with the liquid-supplying system and the low-pressure system; the sampling pipe comprises a sampling pipe body and an anion/cation exchanging membrane; a plurality of holes are arranged in the middle of the outer wall of the sampling pipe body; and a plurality of grooves are arranged between the holes on the outer wall of the sampling pipe body. The method for using the device comprises the steps of: burying the sampling pipe which is soaked in a sodium bicarbonate (NaHCO3) solution in the soil for 2 hours; taking the sampling pipe out and eluting the sampling pipe with hydrochloric acid (HCl) solution; and detecting the content of anionic and cationic nutrients in the eluent to evaluate the nutrients, which can be absorbed by the plant root system, in the soil. The system disclosed by the invention has the advantages of high accuracy, energy conservation, environment friendliness, simple operating steps and the like.
Description
Technical field
The invention belongs to the extractive technique field of soil nutrient ion, particularly a kind of root system of plant Nutrient Absorption analogue means and using method thereof of utilizing ion-exchange membrane simulation root system to absorb the soil nutrient ion.
Background technology
Extraction and mensuration to available nutrient content in the soil mainly contains chemical extraction method and plant plantation Evaluation Method at present.The chemical extraction method is mixed with extract with some chemicals, soil is joined in the extract shake, centrifugal back collects supernatant, measures its nutrient content.This method is considered to the pedestal method that soil nutrient is measured, but the mode of itself and plant absorbing nutrient there are differences, and can not reflect better that nutrient is to the influence of plant in the soil.Because dissimilar soil diversities is very big, adopt the truth that can not reflect the soil nutrient supply with a kind of extraction agent preferably; And leaching process need consume more energy and reagent, do not meet " low-carbon (LC) " theory of current promotion.The plant plantation soil nutrient that Evaluation Method absorbed no doubt meets himself root system absorbing rule, but this method is consuming time more, and the Nutrient Absorption characteristics of Different Crop root system there are differences, Different Crop there are differences the nutrient supply status evaluation result of same soil, experimental result very easily is subjected to the influence of external environment and management level in addition, therefore need set up unified, the objective nutrient extracting method of a cover.
The embedding method of ion exchange resin ball (film) of rising the fifties in last century has been imitated root system of plant to a certain extent and has been absorbed the characteristic of nutrient ion in the soil, and can dynamically monitor soil nutrient ion concentration level; Be embedded in the soil after resin balls (film) directly is embedded in soil or is contained in the mesh bag and the present extracting method of being reported is many, operation and inconvenient when at every turn taking out, and be difficult to guarantee that resin balls (film) fully contacts with soil.Another kind of extraction element based on amberplex is that the Jeff of Canadian University of Saskatchewan (University of Saskatchewan) thanks to Nao (Jeff Schoenau) invention in 1992, " root system of plant simulator " (Plant Root Simulator, PRS that produces by western agriculture Creative Company (Western Ag Innovation Inc.) at present
TM) (United States Patent (USP): US6242261, Canadian Patent: CA 2129843C, Australian Patent: AU 673817B2, world patent is organized registration number: WO 9316382A1), this device has overcome the trouble that direct embedding amberplex brings to a certain extent, but because device only is a slice amberplex that is clipped in the frame of plastic, and lack the structure that promotes extraction efficiency, thereby extraction efficiency is on the low side; And this device integrated level is low, so use it still needing when soil nutrient extracts to carry out more artificial non-productive operation to guarantee that it can normal extraction.And this device amberplex useful area is little, can not intactly monitor the nutrient levels of whole arable layer.
Therefore, the following defective of ubiquity in the prior art: (1) traditional chemical extracting method is no doubt relatively accurate, but owing to need to gather pedotheque, and adopt native process and subsequently air-dry, shattering process all unavoidably damages soil conditions, change the actual state that soil nutrient is supplied with, and overall time cost is more; The plant planting experiment no doubt can draw the result who meets the plant absorbing rule, but whole planting process influence factor is too many, and the Different Crop absorption characteristic differs greatly, so can draw different conclusions with different plants to same soil evaluation; (2) used reagent of traditional chemical extracting method and operating process meeting cause in various degree pollution to environment, and leaching process also consumes more energy and material simultaneously; (3) the traditional chemical extracting method need carry out comparatively loaded down with trivial details pre-treatment to soil sample, and the plant planting experiment then requires to plant overall process and drops into more manpower and materials and the time and manage.
Therefore, according to demand, need to propose the extraction element that a cover can reflect soil nutrient supply situation preferably.
Summary of the invention
Fundamental purpose of the present invention is to overcome the shortcoming of above-mentioned prior art with not enough, provides a kind of simple and reasonable for structure, can reflect the nutrient content of soil preferably and to the root system of plant Nutrient Absorption analogue means of plant deliverability.
Another object of the present invention is to provide the using method of said apparatus.
For reaching above-mentioned purpose, the present invention adopts following technical scheme:
A kind of root system of plant Nutrient Absorption analogue means comprises sampling pipe, liquid-supplying system and low-pressure system, and described sampling pipe is connected with liquid-supplying system, low-pressure system respectively; Described sampling pipe comprises the sampling body and overlays on the anion/cation exchange membrane of sampling on the tube wall; The outer wall of sampling body is provided with several holes, and also is provided with several grooves between each hole on the sampling tube wall.The effect of groove is the deionized water of liquid-supplying system output is played the guiding diffusion, makes whole amberplex and rhizosphere soil keep moistening.The effect in each hole is the negative pressure in the conduction low-pressure system, promotes that the nutrient ion in the soil moves to sampling pipe.
The effect of liquid-supplying system is keep amberplex and rhizosphere soil moistening, and the effect of low-pressure system provides negative pressure, promotes that soil nutrient moves to rhizosphere.
Described groove comprises ring groove and main groove, and ring groove is located between two adjacent on vertical direction holes, and main groove is a groove that extends vertically; Each ring groove converges at main groove, and forms a plurality of " individual " font between each ring groove and the main groove.
Each hole on the described sampling body presents arranged, and the distance of center circle on the vertical direction between every adjacent two holes is 1.0～1.5cm.
The lower end sealing of described sampling body, its upper end is plugged with the pipe close of low-pressure system.
Described sampling body is preferably hard polyethylene chloride tube.
Described anion/cation exchange membrane is a homogeneous ion-exchange membrane, and is fixed on by plastic sheet on the outer tube wall of sampling body.
Described liquid-supplying system comprises reservoir, feed pipe, flow regulator and water dropper, and an end of feed pipe is connected with reservoir, and the other end is connected with water dropper, and water dropper is embedded in the main groove of sampling pipe; Described flow regulator is located on the described feed pipe; Bottleneck at reservoir also is connected with the snorkel that communicates with it, and the other end of snorkel leads to atmosphere.The effect of liquid-supplying system is by regulating current, keep the moistening of amberplex on the sampling pipe and rhizosphere soil to be measured, and both can contact fully.
As preferably, reservoir is the 500mL plastic bottle of dress deionized water in, and the flow that flow regulator can be regulated is 4～6mlmin
-1
Described low-pressure system comprises exhaust tube, spiral tongs, T-valve, syringe and pipe close, and an end of described exhaust tube inserts in the pipe close, and is connected with sampling pipe by pipe close, and the other end is connected with T-valve; Described T-valve is connected with syringe, and described spiral tongs is arranged on the exhaust tube.The piston boit of described syringe is provided with two pairs of breach, and the body of syringe is provided with stator, described breach and stator clamping.The effect of low-pressure system is that sampling pipe inner chamber pressure is descended, thereby promotes that nutrient moves to rhizosphere in the soil.
Described sampling pipe also is with pipe box outward, pipe box is preferably diameter and is longer than the cylinder that the Polyvinylchloride film of the ion-exchange diaphragm area of sampling pipe is made greater than sampling pipe external diameter 1mm, length, and its effect is the friction that alleviates sampling pipe embedded process intermediate ion exchange membrane and soil.
This device also comprises NaHCO is housed
3The wash-out tube of solution (being sodium bicarbonate solution) or HCl solution (being hydrochloric acid solution).When the sampling pipe wash-out, sampling pipe places the wash-out tube.Described NaHCO
3Solution concentration is preferably 0.5～1.0molL
-1, described HCl solution concentration is preferably 0.5～1.0molL
-1
Further, NaHCO
3Solution concentration is preferably 0.5molL
-1, as preserving liquid; The HCl solution concentration is preferably 0.5molL
-1, as eluent.Sampling pipe placed earlier NaHCO is housed before experiment
3The wash-out tube of solution is preserved, and carries out presaturation; Extract the nutrient of soil to be measured when sampling pipe after, place the wash-out tube that HCl solution is housed to carry out wash-out sampling pipe.
The using method of said apparatus comprises the steps:
(1) sampling pipe is soaked in NaHCO is housed
3In the wash-out tube of solution, make cation-exchange membrane by Na
+Saturated, the anion-exchange membrane quilt
Saturated; Before using sampling pipe is taken out, use washed with de-ionized water sampling pipe 3～5 times, put pipe box; As preferred version, NaHCO
3Solution concentration is 0.5～1.0molL
-1, the soak time of sampling pipe is more than 36 hours, changes solution between soak period 2 times, then sampling pipe is dipped in the deionized water 6～12 hours;
(2) in the reservoir of liquid-supplying system, inject the deionized water that is equivalent to the tested point water-retaining quantity among field of soil; Sampling pipe is embedded in the tested point soil, takes out pipe box, the anion/cation exchange membrane on the sampling pipe is closely contacted with soil to be measured;
(3) treat sampling pipe embedding stable after, the water dropper of liquid-supplying system is embedded into main groove on the sampling body, the pipe close that is connected with low-pressure system is received sampling body upper end, assurance device impermeability simultaneously.Open liquid-supplying system, the reservoir of liquid-supplying system is carried deionized water to sampling pipe, simultaneously deionized water enters in the soil along the groove of sampling body, keeping amberplex and ground moistening to be measured, the flow regulator of liquid-supplying system with the flow control of feed pipe at 4～6mlmin
-1
(4) T-valve is threaded to and the isolated from atmosphere place, the piston of pulling syringe is to setting scale value place (being preferably 50mL scale value place) clamping, to form low pressure in the sampling pipe, the adjustable screw tongs is 2～3min with pressure and the ambient atmosphere balance required time in the control sampling pipe; After reaching certain hour (preferred 10min), the swivel tee valve is to the place that communicates with atmosphere, the piston of pushing syringe is discharged air wherein, constantly repeat above-mentioned decompression operation several times then, to utilize low-pressure system to promote that moisture is to the sampling pipe travel motion in the soil, the simulating plant root system is with the streamed absorption soil nutrient of matter, and soil nutrient is adsorbed on the amberplex with the form of ion;
(5) after sampling pipe embedding time in tested soil reaches setting-up time (being preferably 2 hours), take liquid-supplying system apart, low-pressure system is connected with sampling pipe, take out sampling pipe, remove and adhere to grogs on the amberplex;
(6) sampling pipe is placed the wash-out tube wash-out certain hour (being preferably 2 hours) that HCl solution is housed, the HCl solution concentration is preferably 0.5～1.0molL
-1, utilize the Cl in the HCl solution
-Or H
+With the ion-exchange of amberplex absorption in HCl solution;
(7) behind the setting-up time to be reached (being preferably 2 hours), sampling pipe is taken out, adopt conventional method that HCl solution is analyzed, reach the nutrient ionic species of mensuration soil to be measured and the purpose of content; Described conventional instrumental method includes but not limited to ultraviolet-visible spectrocolorimetry, flame spectrophotometry;
(8) with wash-out tube and sampling pipe with the residual HCl of deionized water flush away after, with 0.5～1.0molL
-1NaHCO
3(be preferably 0.5molL
-1) inject the wash-out tube, and sampling pipe is immersed wherein, wait until next time and use.
Principle of work of the present invention: charged group is arranged (as sulfonate radical on the molecule of formation amberplex
Quaternary ammonium salt base-N
+(CH
3)
3Deng), therefore can attract to be with and the ion of its opposite charges.To soak NaHCO
3Amberplex be embedded in the soil and to soil supply enough moisture, the ion that is adsorbed in the soil will enter in the soil liquid; Because the existence of amberplex, the nutrient ion that is adsorbed by soil particle will be adsorbed on the amberplex, exchange out the Na of absorption simultaneously
+Or
The accurate closed system volume that sampling pipe inner chamber and low-pressure system is formed by connecting by the piston that spurs syringe increases suddenly, and pressure reduces; The soil liquid that sampling pipe is outer flows to sampling pipe because of the pressure difference between soil and the sampling pipe, and when the soil liquid is flowed through amberplex, central ion will be stayed the film surface by the charged site intercepting and capturing on the exchange membrane.By this operation, the extraction efficiency of this device will be improved.When with HCl solution amberplex being carried out wash-out, according to the mass action law, the eluent of high concentration can make the soil nutrient ion that is adsorbed by amberplex be compared fast desorb up hill and dale and be discharged in the eluent.
Compared with prior art, the present invention has following advantage and beneficial effect:
1, accuracy height and favorable repeatability: the influence factor when device and method of the present invention is tested is less, so can guarantee result's repeatability, is suitable for using under the multiple environmental baseline; The present invention adopts embedding this non-disturbance extraction method of amberplex original position to have and does not destroy rhizospheric environment, extracts advantages such as result and soil nutrient supply characteristics good relationship; This device has compared with prior art improved extraction efficiency by liquid-supplying system and low-pressure system simultaneously; In addition, this measurement device scope can cover whole arable layer, reduces sampling error; So the present invention reflects the actual state that soil nutrient is supplied with more accurately with respect to the extracting method of prior art.
2, energy-conserving and environment-protective: the present invention does not need to use special or poisonous extraction agent, and employed reagent is conventional medicine, and promote the use of in convenient laboratories at different levels, has advantages such as energy-conserving and environment-protective.
3, operation steps is simple: each step of the inventive method all need not speciality tool or skill, need not soil pre-service to be measured is had the simple advantage of operation steps.
Description of drawings
Fig. 1 is the structural representation of apparatus of the present invention.
Fig. 2 is the structural representation of wash-out tube of the present invention.
Fig. 3 is the structural representation of pipe box of the present invention.
Fig. 4 is the structural representation of sampling body shown in Figure 1, and wherein figure (a) is a sampling body front perspective view, and figure (b) is a sampling pipe side parallax stereogram, and figure (c) is a sampling body rear perspective view.
Fig. 5 is the structural representation of syringe shown in Figure 1.
Fig. 6 is the structural representation of T-valve shown in Figure 1.
Fig. 7 is the structural representation of spiral tongs shown in Figure 1.
Embodiment
The present invention is described in further detail below in conjunction with embodiment and accompanying drawing, but embodiments of the present invention are not limited thereto.
Fig. 1～Fig. 7 shows the concrete structure synoptic diagram of present embodiment, and as shown in Figure 1, this root system of plant Nutrient Absorption analogue means comprises sampling pipe, liquid-supplying system and low-pressure system, and described sampling pipe is connected with liquid-supplying system, low-pressure system respectively.Described sampling pipe comprises sampling body 1 and the anion/cation exchange membrane 2 that overlays on sampling body 1 outer wall is formed.The outer wall of sampling body 1 is provided with several holes 5, and also is provided with several grooves on sampling body 1 outer wall between each hole 5.
Shown in Fig. 4 (a), Fig. 4 (b) and Fig. 4 (c), described groove comprises main groove 3 and ring groove 4, and ring groove 4 is located between two adjacent on vertical direction holes 5, and main groove 3 is a groove that extends vertically; Each ring groove 4 converges at main groove 3 places, and forms a plurality of " individual " font between each ring groove 4 and the main groove 3.Each hole 5 of described sampling body 1 presents arranged, and the axial distance of center circle on the vertical direction between every adjacent two holes 5 is 1.5cm.
Described liquid-supplying system comprises reservoir 8, snorkel 9, feed pipe 10, flow regulator 11 and water dropper 12, and an end of feed pipe 10 is connected with reservoir 8, and the other end connects water dropper 12; Water dropper 12 embeds in the main groove 3 of sampling body 1; Described flow regulator 11 is located on the described feed pipe 10; Bottleneck at reservoir 8 also is connected with the snorkel 9 that an end is communicated with it, and the other end of snorkel 9 leads to atmosphere.The effect of liquid-supplying system is by regulating current, keeping the anion/cation exchange membrane 2 on the sampling body 1 can fully contact with rhizosphere ground moistening to be measured and both.
Reservoir 8 is the 500mL plastic bottle of dress deionized water in, and it is 4～6mlmin that flow regulator 11 can be regulated discharge
-1
Described low-pressure system comprises exhaust tube 14, spiral tongs 15, T-valve 16, syringe 17 and pipe close 13, and an end of described exhaust tube 14 inserts in the pipe close 13, and is connected with sampling pipe by pipe close 13, and the other end is connected with T-valve 16; Described T-valve 16 is connected with exhaust tube 14 and syringe 17; Described spiral tongs 15 is arranged on the exhaust tube 14.The effect of low-pressure system is that sampling body 1 inner chamber pressure is descended, thereby promotes that nutrient moves to rhizosphere in the soil, improves absorption efficiency.
As shown in Figure 5, described syringe 17 comprises body 18 and places the piston head 19 of body 18 inside, piston boit 21, and piston boit 21 is provided with two pairs of breach 20, and the body 18 of syringe 17 is provided with stator 22, described breach 20 can with stator 22 clampings.
As shown in Figure 6, an end 23 of T-valve 16 connects exhaust tube 14, one ends 25 and connects the logical atmosphere of syringe 17, one ends 24, the switching of switching three ends by a rotary-piston.As shown in Figure 7, spiral tongs 15 is connected with exhaust tube 14 clamps.
Described sampling pipe also is with pipe box 26 outward, as shown in Figure 3, pipe box 26 is longer than the cylinder of the Polyvinylchloride film system in anion/cation exchange membrane 2 zones that cover on the sampling body 1 for diameter greater than sampling body 1 external diameter 1mm, length, and its effect is the friction that alleviates sampling pipe embedded process intermediate ion exchange membrane and soil.
The lower end sealing of described sampling body 1, its upper end is plugged with the pipe close 13 of low-pressure system, and the exhaust tube 14 of described low-pressure system passes pipe close 13 and inserts in the sampling body 1.
As shown in Figure 2, this device also comprises NaHCO is housed
3The wash-out tube 7 of solution or HCl solution, sampling pipe places wash-out tube 7.NaHCO
3Solution is 0.5molL
-1, as preserving liquid; HCl solution is 0.5molL
-1, as eluent.Sampling pipe placed earlier NaHCO is housed before experiment
3The wash-out tube 7 of solution is preserved, and carries out presaturation; Extract the nutrient of soil to be measured when sampling pipe after, place the wash-out tube 7 that HCl solution is housed to carry out wash-out sampling pipe.
Described anion/cation exchange membrane 2 is a homogeneous phase anion/cation exchange membrane, and makes on its outer tube wall that is fixed on sampling body 1 by Polyvinylchloride film 6.Be specially: the two ends up and down in anion/cation exchange membrane 2 zones of sampling body 1 stick on a circle Polyvinylchloride film 6 on the tube wall earlier, on this circle Polyvinylchloride film, paste same Polyvinylchloride film 6, anion/cation exchange membrane 2 is stuck among the space of two films.
The using method of said apparatus comprises the steps:
(1) body 1 of will sampling is soaked in 0.5molL is housed
-1NaHCO
3In the wash-out tube 7 of solution, make cation-exchange membrane 2 by Na
+Saturated, anion-exchange membrane 2 quilts
Saturated; Before using sampling pipe is taken out, use washed with de-ionized water sampling pipe 3～5 times, put pipe box 26; The soak time of sampling pipe is more than 36 hours, changes solution between soak period 2 times, then sampling pipe is dipped in the deionized water 6～12 hours;
(2) in the reservoir 8 of liquid-supplying system, inject the deionized water that is equivalent to the tested point field capacity; Sampling pipe is embedded in the soil to be measured, takes out pipe box 26, sampling pipe is closely contacted with soil to be measured with instruments such as native cuttves;
(3) treat sampling pipe embedding stable after, the water dropper 12 of liquid-supplying system is embedded in the main groove 3 of sampling bodys 1, the pipe close 13 that will be connected with low-pressure system clogs the mouth of pipe of sampling body 1 upper end, while assurance device impermeability; Open liquid-supplying system, the reservoir 8 of liquid-supplying system is carried deionized water to sampling pipe, deionized water enters in the soil along the groove of sampling body 1 simultaneously, keeping anion/cation exchange membrane 2 and ground moistening to be measured, the flow regulator 11 of liquid-supplying system with the flow control of its feed pipe 10 at 4～6mlmin
-1
(4) T-valve 16 is threaded to and the isolated from atmosphere place, the piston of pulling syringe 17 is to setting scale value place (being 50mL scale value place) clamping, make and form low pressure in the sampling pipe, adjustable screw tongs 15 is 2～3min with pressure and the ambient atmosphere balance required time in the control sampling pipe, swivel tee valve 16 is to the place that communicates with atmosphere behind the 10min, the piston of pushing syringe 17 is discharged air wherein, repeat above-mentioned decompression operation several times, to utilize low-pressure system to promote that moisture is to the sampling pipe travel motion in the soil, the simulating plant root system is with the streamed absorption soil nutrient of matter, and soil nutrient is adsorbed on the anion/cation exchange membrane 2 with the form of ion;
(5) after sampling pipe embedding time in soil to be measured reaches setting-up time (promptly 2 hours), take liquid-supplying system apart, low-pressure system is connected with sampling body 1, take out sampling pipe, remove and adhere to grogs on the anion/cation exchange membrane 2;
(6) sampling pipe is placed 90mL 0.5molL is housed
-1Wash-out is 2 hours in the wash-out tube 77 of HCl solution, utilizes the Cl in the HCl solution
-Or H
+With the ion-exchange of anion/cation exchange membrane 2 absorption in HCl solution;
(7) behind the setting-up time to be reached (promptly 2 hours), sampling pipe is taken out, adopt conventional method that HCl solution is analyzed, reach the nutrient ionic species of mensuration soil to be measured and the purpose of content; Described conventional instrumental method includes but not limited to ultraviolet-visible spectrocolorimetry, flame spectrophotometry;
(8) with wash-out tube 7 and sampling pipe with the residual HCl of deionized water flush away after, with 0.5molL
-1NaHCO
3Inject wash-out tube 7, and sampling pipe is immersed wherein, wait until next time and use.
The assembling of apparatus of the present invention:
(1) assembling of sampling pipe:
1. hole and fluting: get long 32cm, internal diameter is 1.3cm, and thickness is 1.5mm, and the hard polyethylene chloride tube of hypomere sealing is as sampling body 1; At the circular hole 5 of beating diameter 6mm apart from the following 20cm section of sampling body 1 upper end 7cm, 4 arrange totally in 13 holes of every row, and each hole evenly distributes; Distance of center circle 1.5cm between adjacent two holes in the row; Carve ring groove 4 (not digging the poling wall) between adjacent two rows' hole, ring groove 4 all comes together in a main groove 3, stacks from top to bottom as a plurality of " individual " font.
2. anion/cation exchange membrane 2 is fixing: test used anion/cation exchange membrane 2 and purchase in Beijing that global profit reaches environmental protection equipment company limited, model is JAM-I-5 (cavity block) or JCM-I-5 (anode membrane).Get the diaphragm of 5cm * 20cm, anion/cation exchange membrane 2 is covered on the outer tube wall of sampling body 1 and fixing.The zone of anion/cation exchange membrane 2 two ends up and down sticks on a circle polyethylene glue slip 6 on the tube wall earlier, pastes same Polyvinylchloride film strip 6 on this circle film, and anion/cation exchange membrane 2 is stuck among the space of two films.
3. make pipe box 26: the rectangle Polyvinylchloride film of cutting one 25cm * 5.2cm, be rolled into the right cylinder side and paste, be pipe box 26.
(2) assembling of wash-out tube 7:
Getting internal diameter is 2.0cm, and thickness is the hard polyethylene chloride tube of 2mm, and long is 34cm, lower end closed, and the upper end adds upper shield, is wash-out tube 7.
(3) assembling of liquid feed device:
Connect the parts such as reservoir 8, snorkel 9, feed pipe 10, flow regulator 11, water dropper 12 of 500mL successively with feed pipe 10, water dropper 12 is located at the upper end of anion/cation exchange membrane 2, and embeds in main groove 3 gaps of sampling body 1.Snorkel 9 is located at the bottle mouth position of reservoir 8.
(4) assembling of low-voltage device:
A rubber stopper is filled in sampling body 1 upper end, as pipe close 13; The flexible plastic tube of getting 60cm length, internal diameter 4mm is as exhaust tube 14, and an end of exhaust tube 14 penetrates pipe close 13, another termination T-valve 16, and this section exhaust tube 14 pipe stage casings accompany a spiral tongs 15.T-valve 16 1 termination exhaust tubes 14, one termination syringes 17, one ends lead to atmosphere, switch three ends by a rotary-piston and open and close.
Experiment of the present invention:
The soil of experiment usefulness picks up from red earth 0-20cm layer, and is stand-by after air-dry grinding is sieved.Three processing are set: 1. blank: as not add fertilizer; 2. handle 1: by the level of 100 milligrams of nitrogen of every kilogram of soil interpolation, phosphorus, potassium element, with soil and fertilizer mixing; 3. handle 2: by every kilogram of level of adding 200 milligrams of nitrogen, phosphorus, potassium element, with soil and fertilizer mixing.
Soil to three kinds of processing adopts conventional chemical extracting method and apparatus of the present invention and method mensuration rapid available phosphorus potassium in the prior art: use HF-HCl acid mixture to extract rapid available phosphorus, use NH
4OAc extracts available potassium; Use apparatus of the present invention and method to carry out soil nutrient and extract experiment, each parameter of apparatus and method is as indicated above.Handle plantation soybean and tomato on the soil at three kinds in addition, the whole plant of results is measured dry weight, phosphorus content and potassium content after one month.
The extraction result of table 1 conventional chemical extracting method and the extraction result of the technology of the present invention are relatively
Table 1 explanation is on variation tendency, and the result of conventional chemical extracting method and the technology of the present invention presents the trend near linear growth.Simultaneously, extraction result of the technology of the present invention and conventional chemical extracting method good relationship: for rapid available phosphorus, the both sides relation regression equation is: (y is the extraction result of the technology of the present invention, and x is the extraction result of conventional chemical extracting method) y=0.0155x+0.1296, correlation coefficient r
2=0.9951; For available potassium, the both sides relation regression equation is: y=0.1006x-0.3926, r
2=0.9658.Thereby the present invention can obtain on quite high degree and the same satisfied readily available nutrient of soil result of conventional chemical extraction method, thereby the result of two kinds of methods can utilize by simple conversion.
Table 2 plant plantation experimental result
Multiple ratio adopts DucanShi method of inspection (α=0.05), and the different letter representation differences of same row reach the level of signifiance.
Table 2 shows, Different Crop is different to the soil response of same fertility level, soybean and tomato to handle 1 and the nutrient differential response handled between 2 be reflected on dry weight and the potassium content all not obvious; Soybean is to soil quick-effective phosphor content sensitivity, and tomato is insensitive.Thereby only judge that with crop growing state soil fertility is inappropriate, still need to judge soil fertility by the measurement result of chemistry or physical-chemical method.
The contrast that table 3 plant plantation experimental result and conventional chemical extracting method, the technology of the present invention are extracted the result
Y is that (unit: mg/g), x is that (unit of conventional chemical extracting method is mg/kg, and root system analogue means unit is μ g/cm for the extraction result of conventional chemical extracting method or the technology of the present invention to plant plantation experimental result
2).
Table 3 explanation, with regard to soybean, the result that the technology of the present invention is extracted absorbs and accumulation law than phosphorus and the potassium that conventional chemical extracting method more meets soybean; And for tomato, the technology of the present invention can be utilized the assessment plant and be better than the conventional chemical extracting method aspect the potassium.Therefore, the technology of the present invention soil nutrient that can estimate plant preferably and absorbed.
Present embodiment except that following characteristics other features with embodiment 1: each hole on the described sampling body presents arranged, and the distance of center circle on the vertical direction between every adjacent two holes is 1.0cm.
NaHCO
3Solution is 1.0molL
-1, as preserving liquid; HCl solution is 1.0molL
-1, as eluent.
Present embodiment except that following characteristics other features with embodiment 1: each hole on the described sampling body presents arranged, and the distance of center circle on the vertical direction between every adjacent two holes is 1.2cm.NaHCO
3Solution is 0.8molL
-1, as preserving liquid; HCl solution is 0.8molL
-1, as eluent.
The foregoing description is a preferred implementation of the present invention; but embodiments of the present invention are not restricted to the described embodiments; other any do not deviate from change, the modification done under spirit of the present invention and the principle, substitutes, combination, simplify; all should be the substitute mode of equivalence, be included within protection scope of the present invention.
Claims (10)
1. root system of plant Nutrient Absorption analogue means, it is characterized in that: comprise sampling pipe, liquid-supplying system and low-pressure system, described sampling pipe is connected with liquid-supplying system, low-pressure system respectively; Described sampling pipe comprises the sampling body and overlays on the anion/cation exchange membrane of sampling on the tube wall; The outer wall of sampling body is provided with several holes, and the sampling tube wall also is provided with several grooves between each hole.
2. root system of plant Nutrient Absorption analogue means according to claim 1 is characterized in that: described groove comprises ring groove and main groove, and ring groove is located between two adjacent on vertical direction holes, and main groove is a groove that extends vertically; Each ring groove converges at main groove, and forms a plurality of " individual " font between each ring groove and the main groove.
3. root system of plant Nutrient Absorption analogue means according to claim 2 is characterized in that: each hole on the described sampling body presents arranged, and the distance of center circle on the vertical direction between every adjacent two holes is 1.0～1.5cm.
4. root system of plant Nutrient Absorption analogue means according to claim 2, it is characterized in that: described liquid-supplying system comprises reservoir, feed pipe, flow regulator and water dropper, one end of feed pipe is connected with reservoir, and the other end is connected with water dropper, and water dropper is embedded in the main groove of sampling pipe; Described flow regulator is located on the described feed pipe; Bottleneck at reservoir also is connected with the snorkel that communicates with it, and the other end of snorkel leads to atmosphere.
5. root system of plant Nutrient Absorption analogue means according to claim 4, it is characterized in that: described low-pressure system comprises exhaust tube, spiral tongs, T-valve, syringe and pipe close, one end of described exhaust tube inserts in the pipe close, and be connected with sampling pipe by pipe close, the other end is connected with T-valve, described T-valve is connected with syringe, and described spiral tongs is arranged on the exhaust tube.
6. root system of plant Nutrient Absorption analogue means according to claim 5 is characterized in that: the piston boit of described syringe is provided with two pairs of breach, and the body of syringe is provided with stator, described breach and stator clamping.
7. root system of plant Nutrient Absorption analogue means according to claim 5 is characterized in that: the lower end sealing of described sampling body, its upper end is plugged with the pipe close of low-pressure system.
8. root system of plant Nutrient Absorption analogue means according to claim 5 is characterized in that: described sampling pipe also is with pipe box outward.
9. root system of plant Nutrient Absorption analogue means according to claim 8 is characterized in that: this device also comprises NaHCO is housed
3The wash-out tube of solution or HCl solution, sampling pipe places the wash-out tube.
10. according to the using method of the described device of claim 9, it is characterized in that, comprise the steps:
(1) sampling pipe is soaked in NaHCO is housed
3In the wash-out tube of solution, make cation-exchange membrane by Na
+Saturated, the anion-exchange membrane quilt
Saturated; Before using sampling pipe is taken out, use washed with de-ionized water sampling pipe 3～5 times, put pipe box;
(2) in the reservoir of liquid-supplying system, inject the deionized water that is equivalent to the tested point water-retaining quantity among field of soil; Sampling pipe is embedded in the tested point soil, takes out pipe box, the anion/cation exchange membrane on the sampling pipe is closely contacted with soil to be measured;
(3) treating that sampling pipe is embedding opens liquid-supplying system after stable, regulate flow regulator with the flow control of feed pipe at 4～6mlmin
-1
(4) T-valve is threaded to and the isolated from atmosphere place, the piston of pulling syringe is to setting the clamping of scale place, make and form low pressure in the sampling pipe, the adjustable screw tongs is 2～3min with pressure and the ambient atmosphere balance required time in the control sampling pipe, the swivel tee valve is to the place that communicates with atmosphere behind the certain hour, the piston of pushing syringe is discharged air wherein, repeats the aforesaid operations several times;
(5) after sampling pipe embedding time in soil to be measured reaches the schedule time, take out sampling pipe, take liquid-supplying system apart, low-pressure system is connected with sampling pipe, removing adheres to the grogs on the amberplex;
(6) sampling pipe is placed the wash-out tube wash-out certain hour that HCl solution is housed;
(7) wait to reach setting-up time after, sampling pipe is taken out, adopt conventional method that HCl solution is analyzed;
(8) with behind the HCl residual on deionized water flush away wash-out tube and the sampling pipe, with NaHCO
3Inject the wash-out tube, and sampling pipe is immersed wherein, wait until next time and use.
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| CN201110025558.1A CN102175834B (en) | 2011-01-24 | 2011-01-24 | Device for stimulating nutrient absorption of plant root system and using method of device |
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| CN201110025558.1A CN102175834B (en) | 2011-01-24 | 2011-01-24 | Device for stimulating nutrient absorption of plant root system and using method of device |
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| CN102175834A true CN102175834A (en) | 2011-09-07 |
| CN102175834B CN102175834B (en) | 2014-07-09 |
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Cited By (7)
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| CN102735589A (en) * | 2012-06-25 | 2012-10-17 | 兰州大学 | Device for rapidly and accurately determining hydraulic conductivity of plants |
| CN102914634A (en) * | 2012-10-17 | 2013-02-06 | 中国水产科学研究院南海水产研究所 | Determining system for flux of bottom mud nutritive salt under condition of simulating natural environment |
| CN103063655A (en) * | 2012-12-28 | 2013-04-24 | 中国科学院新疆生态与地理研究所 | Method for detecting mineral nutrient cycling from cotton seedling stage to cotton flowering and boll-forming stage by applying pressure |
| CN105319338A (en) * | 2015-11-17 | 2016-02-10 | 浙江大学 | Device for quantitative determination of mass flow and diffusion of soil and application of device |
| CN106018182A (en) * | 2016-05-16 | 2016-10-12 | 河海大学 | Root system simulation collecting system for monitoring diffusion flux of PAHs in soil |
| CN107179223A (en) * | 2017-04-18 | 2017-09-19 | 中山大学 | Root border cells/microbial film generation analogue means and method |
| CN108956945A (en) * | 2018-06-22 | 2018-12-07 | 西南交通大学 | A kind of talus accumulation fluid-structure analysis testing equipment |
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| CN105319338A (en) * | 2015-11-17 | 2016-02-10 | 浙江大学 | Device for quantitative determination of mass flow and diffusion of soil and application of device |
| CN106018182A (en) * | 2016-05-16 | 2016-10-12 | 河海大学 | Root system simulation collecting system for monitoring diffusion flux of PAHs in soil |
| CN107179223A (en) * | 2017-04-18 | 2017-09-19 | 中山大学 | Root border cells/microbial film generation analogue means and method |
| CN107179223B (en) * | 2017-04-18 | 2020-06-12 | 中山大学 | Root surface iron film/microbial film generation simulation device and method |
| CN108956945A (en) * | 2018-06-22 | 2018-12-07 | 西南交通大学 | A kind of talus accumulation fluid-structure analysis testing equipment |
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| CN102175834B (en) | 2014-07-09 |
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