CN102173931A - Animal manure carbon fertilizer and production method thereof - Google Patents
Animal manure carbon fertilizer and production method thereof Download PDFInfo
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- CN102173931A CN102173931A CN2011100082972A CN201110008297A CN102173931A CN 102173931 A CN102173931 A CN 102173931A CN 2011100082972 A CN2011100082972 A CN 2011100082972A CN 201110008297 A CN201110008297 A CN 201110008297A CN 102173931 A CN102173931 A CN 102173931A
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02A—TECHNOLOGIES FOR ADAPTATION TO CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02A40/00—Adaptation technologies in agriculture, forestry, livestock or agroalimentary production
- Y02A40/10—Adaptation technologies in agriculture, forestry, livestock or agroalimentary production in agriculture
- Y02A40/20—Fertilizers of biological origin, e.g. guano or fertilizers made from animal corpses
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02W—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES RELATED TO WASTEWATER TREATMENT OR WASTE MANAGEMENT
- Y02W30/00—Technologies for solid waste management
- Y02W30/40—Bio-organic fraction processing; Production of fertilisers from the organic fraction of waste or refuse
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Abstract
The invention discloses a production method of an animal manure carbon fertilizer. Raw materials are animal manures. The production method of the animal manure carbon fertilizer comprises the following steps of: a, mixing organic granules; b, dryly granulating; c, carrying out carbonization processing; d, water-cooling; e, screening; and f, backmixing, and granulating. The animal manure carbon fertilizer is produced by adopting the animal manures such as pig manures, cow manures, sheep manures, horse manures, and the like as the raw materials and converting the organic matters contained in the animal manures into biological carbon by heating the animal manures at high temperate in a low-oxygen environment, has the characteristics of self multihole, large specific surface area, high absorbance, and the like, improves the soil ecological environment, can enhance the fertilizer utilization ratio through the characteristics of absorption and slow release, also has a soil improvement function, fertilizer synergy and higher content of fertilizer components such as nitrogen, phosphorus, potassium, and the like, and can be used by partially replacing a fertilizer; and in addition, the animal manure carbon fertilizer can be used as a slow release synergist of the fertilizer, plays a role of fixing the fertilizer and moisture, achieves the purposes of prolonging fertilizer effect and enhancing fertilizer utilization ratio.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to fertilizer and preparation method thereof technical field, particularly a kind of animal manure charcoal fertilizer and production method thereof.
Background technology
According to agricultural statistics yearbook data in 2005, estimate China's feces of livestock and poultry generation total amount in 2005 and reach 2,600,000,000 tons, wherein cow dung, pig manure output reach 10.27 hundred million tons and 2.87 hundred million tons respectively.And China is after enter 21 century, and aquaculture develops rapidly, and intensification, mass-producing have become the inexorable trend of aquaculture, and the problem of environmental pollution that brings thus is also more and more serious, if not in addition suitably harmless treatment certainly will cause serious pollution.The main environment influence is as follows
1, to the pollution of air
Livestock is cultured ight soil and other wastes that the place is overstock, stored, through exposing to the weather, be subjected to the pecking at of artificial or animal late at night, reaction, meeting is done fragmentate, chip, swim in the air, even be blown to four winds at a distance, becoming floating dust, the pathogenic bacteria, microorganism, the parasite that adhere on it can be by wide-scale distribution.Form stench simultaneously, influence peripheral living environment.
2, to the pollution of soil
Owing in feed, added the element that to regulate animal metabolism at present, can strengthen the resistance against diseases of livestock to a certain extent as trace elements such as copper, zinc, iron, arsenic, improve the growth performance of livestock and poultry, but these elements are directly absorbed seldom by livestock, more are to excrete by ight soil.These are contained in metallic element such as unreasonable processing in the excrement of animals, can cause serious consequence, directly agricultural will contaminated soil, and these elements are remained in the agricultural-food of results after can being absorbed by crop, enter animal and human's body by food chain, HUMAN HEALTH is threatened.
Large-scale plant or professional raising farmer all have and store the livestock fecaluria of discharging in the plant, and the antiseepage processing is not generally done in these feace storing pool bottoms, and the pollutent in the ight soil can infiltrate the soil layer of underground with water, directly soil and underground water source is polluted.After soil was polluted, its chemical ingredients and physical behavior also can correspondingly change, and self-purification capacity is destroyed, and for fly class and parasite provide parasitic place, brought serious harm for healthy drove and human lives.
3, to the pollution of water surrounding
The leaching of excrement of animals is extremely strong, if untimely processing, just by the runoff pollution surface water, also can pass through soil permeability, polluted underground water contains large amount of organic, nitrogen, phosphorus, potassium in excrement of animals and the waste water, and pathogenic bacterium, not only, also very easily cause the eutrophication of surface water with stench.
4, microbiotic pollutes
The part that the microbiotic that adds in the feed is not absorbed in enteron aisle is fully discharged from following ight soil, planting onion, corn, Chinese cabbage in the ground with this ight soil as fertilizer sources does experiment, the result shows, it is main microbiotic that three kinds of crops can absorb Uromycin (duomycin), (content is 2～17ng/g) in the fresh weight, and its content improves along with the increase of the addition of Uromycin in feed though the Uromycin content that absorbs in the plant tissue is not high.
In addition, there is the situation of feeding fish with swine excrement in some areas at present, after only pig manure being handled a little, drop into the fish pond, call it by the fine-sounding name of " recycling economy ", in fact owing to contain a large amount of pollutents, heavy metal, pathogenic bacterium, microbiotic in the pig manure, very easily cause fish to infect Deng therefore, become " pig manure fish ", enter the human foods chain after, become the huge hidden danger of human health.
Summary of the invention
Technical problem to be solved by this invention is, a kind of animal manure charcoal fertilizer and production method thereof are provided.Excrements of animals such as the fertile employing of charcoal of the present invention pig manure, cow dung, sheep excrement, horsehit are raw material, heat under low-oxygen environment, organism in the animal manure (for example vegetable fibre) is transformed into charcoal becomes animal manure charcoal fertilizer, characteristics such as the porous that itself possesses, specific surface area height, light absorption ratio height are improved ecological environment of soil, characteristics by absorption, slowly-releasing can improve take into account soil improvement function and the fertilizer synergistic of chemical fertilizer utilization ratio, and to contain fertilizer efficiency component content such as nitrogen phosphorus potassium simultaneously higher, can partly substitute chemical fertilizer and use.
For solving the problems of the technologies described above, the invention provides a kind of production method of animal manure charcoal fertilizer, the raw material of described animal manure charcoal fertilizer is an animal manure, its production method may further comprise the steps:
A. sneak into the step of organic granular;
B. the step of drying-granulating;
C. the step handled of charing;
D. water-cooled refrigerative step;
The step of e. sieving;
F. the step of back-mixing granulation.
Described a sneaks into the step of organic granular, may further include: with in stalk, bamboo, trees, filling class branch, wood chip, sawdust, husk, rice husk or the chaff slag one or more, earlier through pulverizing, be crushed to grain diameter 1～15mm, mix with described raw material animal manure, blending ratio is 1: 5 to 1: 1.
The step of described b drying-granulating may further include: animal manure is entered paddle-dryer or converter drying-granulating, and being dried and being a granulated into water ratio is 20～40%, and granularity is the circular granular of 1～20mm.
The step of described b drying-granulating can further include: at first adopt the mode of seasoning, by airing, in advance described animal manure water ratio is reduced to 30～50%; Then, the animal manure after the airing is entered paddle-dryer or converter drying-granulating, being dried and being a granulated into water ratio is 20～40%, and granularity is the circular granular of 1～20mm.
The step that described c charing is handled may further include: described animal manure, heats charing and handles at 300～800 ℃ through behind the drying-granulating in anaerobic or the low-oxygen environment, the treatment time is 15～240 minutes, generates the charing solids;
Described d water-cooled refrigerative step may further include: described charing solids by using water-cooled spiral tube carries out the water-cooled cooling, cools the temperature to 50～200 ℃;
The step that described e sieves may further include: cooled charing solids sieves, and sieve diameter is 2～5mm;
The step of described f back-mixing granulation may further include: the screen underflow of remainder after step e sieves, and back-mixing is to the step of step b drying-granulating, be used to play the effect of granulation nuclear, and utilize the big characteristics of its porous specific surface area, and strengthen the space of mixture, play the effect of drying aid.
The step that described e sieves can further include: cooled charing solids sieves, and sieve diameter is 4～5mm; The inflammable gas that produces among described step b, c, the d burns it, and the radiant heat reuse of generation is to the required heat of step c animal manure charing.
The treatment process of described wet animal manure may further include: the step of g. vent gas treatment;
The step of described g vent gas treatment may further include: the tail gas that produces in the fertile production process of animal manure charcoal after the dedusting condensation, enters the deodorizing of burning of gaseous combustion stove.
In the charing treatment step of described animal manure, can use following charing treatment facility:
Described charing treatment facility comprises drying machine and charring furnace; Described charring furnace further comprises: top (1), inwall (2), furnace chamber, hopper (3), block-proof type rotary valve (4), preheating and auxiliary carbonizing tube (5), main carbonizing tube (6), high-temperature rotary valve (7), cooling pipe (8), material outlet (9) and gas line (17);
Described top (1) is detachable, is used to make things convenient for maintenance, the replacing of internal part;
Described inwall (2) is a lagging material;
The top of described inwall (2) and described top (1) combine, and are the open type structure, and internal layer covers, reinforces with titanium plate, are used for reflect heat to described device interior;
Described hopper (3) is used for throwing in material in equipment;
Described hopper (3) inside further is provided with whipping appts, is used to prevent that mud from piling up, obstruction;
Described equipment further is provided with drop pipe (10), and described drop pipe (10) is with described preheating and assist carbonizing tube (5) and main carbonizing tube (6) to link to each other;
Described main carbonizing tube (6) is one, and described main carbonizing tube (6) inside further is provided with spiral promoting shaft, and the axle head of described spiral promoting shaft is used to promote material and oppositely advances with driven by motor;
Described high-temperature rotary valve (7) inside further is provided with water cooling plant, and described water cooling plant is used to prevent described high-temperature rotary valve (7) overheated back parking;
Described high-temperature rotary valve (7) is used for preventing that a large amount of gas permeation that the carbonization reaction process produces from entering described cooling pipe (8);
Described cooling pipe (8) outside further is provided with water jacket;
Described cooling is according to the described equipment that is used for charing processing mud and feces of livestock and poultry of claim 1, and described cooling pipe (8) is inner to be advanced with screw shaft;
Described cooling pipe (8) is used for the material processing of lowering the temperature, make it be lower than burning-point after, discharge through described material outlet (9);
Described equipment further is provided with gas port (11) and tracheae (12);
Described gas port (11) links to each other with described gas line (17) with described preheating and auxiliary carbonizing tube (5);
Described tracheae (12) links to each other with described gas line (17) with described main carbonizing tube (6).
In the charing treatment step of described animal manure, can also use following charing treatment facility:
Described equipment is provided with booster fan (13) and wind box (14);
Described booster fan (13) is used for the mode with air blast, and air is blown into described wind box (14);
Two blast mains are established on the top of described wind box (14); Wherein, second blast main (16) is used for freezing air is delivered to the venting port (18) of gas line (17), to play the effect of cooling; First blast main (15) is used for air is delivered to gas line (17) inside, to play combustion-supporting effect;
The tail end of described gas line (17), preheating and auxiliary carbonizing tube (5), main carbonizing tube (6) all adopts free-standing, with pulley (19) every pipe fitting being carried out horizontal direction fixes, it can only be extended in the horizontal direction, be used for avoiding described pipe fitting to bend at the heat-processed expanded by heating;
Described first blast main (15) and described second blast main (16) are used for the flow of control air further being provided with valve (20) with wind box (14) position contacting;
Described equipment when material is finished carbonization process in described main carbonizing tube (6) after, is advanced described high-temperature rotary valve (7) in use;
The bottom of described inwall (2) and both sides further are provided with resistance wire respectively, when described equipment uses, at first by resistance wire described furnace chamber are heated to the carbonization reaction temperature, add material then;
Described equipment in use, material enters preheating and auxiliary carbonizing tube (5) by described block-proof type rotary valve (4);
Described block-proof type rotary valve (4) is used to stop upper air to enter in preheating and the auxiliary carbonizing tube (5);
Described preheating and auxiliary carbonizing tube (5) are two one group, and described preheating and auxiliary carbonizing tube (5) inside further are provided with spiral promoting shaft, and the axle head of described spiral promoting shaft rotates with driven by motor, is used to promote material and advances;
Described equipment when material is advanced described drop pipe (10) in described preheating and auxiliary carbonizing tube (5) after, relies on gravity to fall to described main carbonizing tube (6) automatically in use;
Described equipment in use, material carries out charing in described preheating and auxiliary carbonizing tube (5) and main carbonizing tube (6), produce solid, gas two-phase material, solid matter is continued to be advanced, progressively from outlet (9) discharge; Gas in described preheating and the auxiliary carbonizing tube (5) enters gas line (17) through described gas port (11), and the gas in the described main carbonizing tube (6) enters gas line (17) through tracheae (12).
For solving the problems of the technologies described above, the present invention also provides a kind of animal manure charcoal fertilizer as the above-mentioned production method preparation of animal manure charcoal fertilizer as described in each.
Beneficial technical effects of the present invention is:
1, contain abundant nutritive element in the animal manure charcoal fertilizer, according to the difference of raw material, its phosphorus acid content can reach 1～10%, and potassium content can reach 0.2～4%, can instead of chemical fertilizer.
2, animal manure charcoal fertilizer is vesicular, and bigger specific surface area is arranged, but as the soil improvement agent chessom, increases ventilation property, strengthens microbic activity in the soil, improves the soil micro-ecosystem environment; Avoid plant to rot root simultaneously, make the plant root of hair rapid, strengthen the lodging tolerance of crop.
3, animal manure charcoal fertilizer is vesicular, and bigger specific surface area is arranged, and has the characteristic of charcoal absorption, therefore can be used as the sustained-release synergistic agent of fertilizer, plays the fixedly effect of fertilizer, moisture, reaches the prolongation fertilizer efficiency, improves the purpose of chemical fertilizer utilization ratio.
4, animal manure charcoal fertilizer can strengthen the resistibility of crop to disease and pest, contains the essential trace element of plant growth simultaneously.
5, mud charcoal fertilizer can improve surface temperature (can improve 0.6～1.5 ℃ approximately), not only can strengthen the growth of crop, can reduce harm such as frost simultaneously in the northern cold cold weather.
6, animal manure charcoal fertilizer is weakly alkaline, and certain detoxification is arranged simultaneously, can alleviate the problems such as soil acidification that the use because of agricultural chemicals, chemical fertilizer causes.
7,, can provide assurance on the output for Organic farming, green agriculture as fertilizer non-chemically.
8, after excrement of animals was handled through charing, the microbiotic that is contained can decompose, and no longer soil was formed and polluted.
9, after excrement of animals was handled through charing, the heavy metal element that is contained can be cured, and is absorbed by crop thereby be difficult to precipitate in the soil.
Description of drawings
Fig. 1 is the production method schema of the described animal manure charcoal of embodiment of the invention fertilizer;
Fig. 2 is the right view of the charring furnace of the described animal manure charcoal of embodiment of the invention fertilizer production method use;
Fig. 3 is the front view of the charring furnace of the described animal manure charcoal of embodiment of the invention fertilizer production method use;
Fig. 4 is the left view of the charring furnace of the described animal manure charcoal of embodiment of the invention fertilizer production method use.
Embodiment
Describe embodiments of the present invention in detail below with reference to drawings and Examples, how the utilisation technology means solve technical problem to the present invention whereby, and the implementation procedure of reaching technique effect can fully understand and implements according to this.
The present invention can solve following problem:
1, solves the various pollution problems of excrement of animals;
Problems such as 2, the solution various secondary pollutions that existing livestock treatment technology brought, nutrient loss;
3, solve the existing low problem of chemical fertilizer utilization ratio;
4, provide a kind of processing scheme fast and efficiently.
As shown in Figure 1, be the method flow diagram of the described production animal manure of embodiment of the invention charcoal fertilizer.The general water ratio of fresh animal manure is higher, and especially part plant adopts the water mew, so the animal manure water ratio generally reaches 80%, present embodiment adopts following treatment process:
1, biomass waste refers to agroforestry wastes such as straw, bamboo, trees and filling class branch, wood chip, sawdust, paddy (rice) shell, chaff slag, earlier through pulverizing, be crushed to below particle 1～15mm, stir thorough mixing with the excrement of animals process, blending ratio is 1: 5 to 1: 1
2, animal manure (calling material in the following text) enters drying-granulating flow process (adopting paddle-dryer or converter etc. to realize this technology), and the material water ratio after the drying granulation is 20～40%, and granularity is the circular granular of 1～20mm;
3, material is through behind the drying-granulating, enter charing treatment scheme section material is carried out heat treated in 300～800 ℃, anaerobic (or hypoxemia) environment, according to the difference of treatment temp, the difference of water ratio, the treatment time is 15～240 minutes, produces solid, gas two-phase material in the treating processes;
4, the solids of charing generation carries out water-cooled cooling (as adopting the water-cooled spiral tube), cools the temperature to 50～200 ℃, contacts the back spontaneous combustion with air to prevent it;
5, cooled solids sieves, and sieve diameter can be set to 2～5mm, has the homogeneous granules degree to guarantee mud charcoal fertilizer;
6, the screen underflow back-mixing is played the effect of granulation nuclear, and is utilized the big characteristics of its porous specific surface area to drying-granulating flow process section, strengthens the space of mixture, plays the effect of drying aid;
7, screen overflow promptly becomes animal manure charcoal fertilizer through packing after further cooling is cooled off naturally, sells as finished product packing;
8, material at first burns it through producing a large amount of inflammable gass (based on methane, hydrogen and carbon monoxide) in the charing flow processing process, and the radiant heat reuse of generation is to the required heat of material charing;
9, produce in the animal manure drying process in a large number based on the tail gas of water vapour, pass through the dedusting condensation after, enter the deodorizing of burning of gaseous combustion stove;
10, the animal manure drying also can adopt the mode of seasoning, by airing, in advance water ratio is reduced to 20～50%, enters drying machine again, thereby saves energy consumption.
In another embodiment of the present invention, shown in Fig. 2,3,4, be respectively right view, front view and the left view of the charring furnace that uses in the present embodiment animal manure charcoal fertilizer production method.
Wherein the top 1 of charring furnace is detachable, with maintenance, the replacing of conveniently inner part.
Material at first enters hopper 3, and this hopper inside is provided with whipping appts, piles up, stops up to prevent mud.
Material enters preheating and auxiliary carbonizing tube 5 by block-proof type rotary valve 4, and preheating and auxiliary carbonizing tube 5 are two one group, are provided with spiral promoting shaft in the pipe, and axle head rotates with driven by motor, promotes material and advances.The effect of block-proof type rotary valve 4 is to stop upper air to enter in preheating and the auxiliary carbonizing tube 5.
When material is advanced drop pipe 10 in pipe, rely on gravity to fall to main carbonizing tube 6 automatically, main carbonizing tube 6 is one, and inside is provided with spiral promoting shaft equally, and axle head promotes material and oppositely advances with driven by motor.
Material is finished carbonization process in main carbonizing tube 6 after, be advanced high-temperature rotary valve 7, this rotary valve inside is provided with water cooling plant, stops to prevent the overheated back of rotary valve, and the effect of this rotary valve is to prevent that a large amount of gas permeation that produce in the carbonization reaction process from entering cooling pipe 8.
Material carries out charing in preheating and auxiliary carbonizing tube 5 and main carbonizing tube 6, produce solid, gas two-phase material, and solid matter is continued to be advanced, and progressively discharges from exporting 9; Gas in preheating and the auxiliary carbonizing tube 5 enters gas line 17 through gas port 11, and the gas in the main carbonizing tube 6 enters gas line 17 through tracheae 12.
Booster fan 13 is blown into wind box 14 in the mode of air blast with air, and two blast mains are established at this wind box top, and blast main 16 is delivered to the venting port 18 of gas line 17 with freezing air, to play the effect of cooling.
Blast main 15 is delivered to gas line 17 inside with air, plays combustion-supporting effect.
The tail end of gas line 17, preheating and auxiliary carbonizing tube 5, main carbonizing tube 6 all adopts free-standing, with pulley 19 every pipe being carried out horizontal direction fixes, make it can only extend charring furnace various pipe fittings meeting expanded by heating in the stove in heat-processed in the horizontal direction, avoid pipe fitting to bend
Blast main 15 and blast main 16 are being provided with valve 20 with the wind box position contacting, with the flow of control air.
Embodiment 1:
Get 10 tons of cow dungs (water ratio is 70%), be taped against cool threshing ground, sun direct projection is dried to water ratio 40%, get 5 tons of dry things, dry thing is delivered to KJG type paddle-dryer by closed spiral reclaiming conveyer, it is that thermal source carries out indirect heating drying (water temperature is 60～100 ℃) to animal manure that this drying machine adopts high-temperature water, and dried animal manure water ratio reaches 20%, about 3.7 tons of quality.Enter BMS type charring furnace by the closed spiral conveying tube again; The charring furnace temperature preheats to 700 ℃, begins to receive dry animal manure, after handling through charing in 20 minutes, becomes the black carbide.Carbide enters vibratory screening apparatus and sieves after being cooled to 150 ℃ through the tubular water device for cooling, and screen overflow is positioned over after ventilation (the no inflammable substance of periphery) carries out the naturally cooling cooling and handle, and packs.
The flammable charring gas that material produces in carbonization process, in the BMS charring furnace, light afterfire through oxygen supply, heat is used for the heat that the charing treating processes will absorb, shortage of heat can adopt electrically heated to replenish, and the tail gas after the burning discharges through after dedusting, cooling and the deodorizing together with the blade dryer discharge tail gas.
Experiment records, final gained black particle shape solids:
Diameter is 2～12mm
Specific surface area is 31m3/g
Nitrogen amount: 0.86%
Phosphoric acid amount: 7.02%
Potassium amount: 0.79%
Carbon-nitrogen ratio: 19.
Embodiment 2:
Get 10 tons of pig manures (water ratio 80%), bamboo, branch etc. is crushed to the wood chip that diameter is 1～10mm (bamboo bits) with pulverizer, and take 5 tons, thorough mixing stirs, and adds up to 15 tons of gross weights; With mass transport to KJG type paddle-dryer, take the mode (the thermal oil temperature is 160 degrees centigrade) of thermal oil indirect heating, material is carried out heat drying, and the rolling of the blade by dryer inner is stirred material is carried out the thorough mixing granulation, after 25 minutes, dry materials enters BMS type sludge carbonization stove to water ratio 30% by the closed spiral conveying tube; The charring furnace temperature preheats to 760 ℃, begins to receive material, after handling through charing in 18 minutes, becomes the black carbide.Carbide enters vibratory screening apparatus and sieves after being cooled to 150 ℃ through the tubular water device for cooling, after screen overflow carries out naturally cooling cooling processing, and packing.
The flammable charring gas that material produces in carbonization process, after the process oxygen supply is lighted, heat is used for the heat that the charing treating processes will absorb, shortage of heat can adopt electrically heated to replenish, and the tail gas after the burning discharges through after dedusting, cooling and the deodorizing together with the blade dryer discharge tail gas.
Experiment records, final gained black particle shape solids:
Diameter is 2～8mm
Specific surface area is 68.4m3/g
Nitrogen amount: 1.98%
Phosphoric acid amount: 6.77%
Potassium amount: 2.67%
Carbon-nitrogen ratio: 18
Duomycin detected level: do not detect.
This intellecture property of primary enforcement that all are above-mentioned is not set restriction this product innovation of other forms of enforcement and/or novel method.Those skilled in the art will utilize this important information, and foregoing is revised, to realize similar implementation status.But all modifications or transformation belong to the right of reservation based on product innovation of the present invention.
The above only is preferred embodiment of the present invention, is not to be the restriction of the present invention being made other form, and any those skilled in the art may utilize the technology contents of above-mentioned announcement to be changed or be modified as the equivalent embodiment of equivalent variations.But every technical solution of the present invention content that do not break away to any simple modification, equivalent variations and remodeling that above embodiment did, still belongs to the protection domain of technical solution of the present invention according to technical spirit of the present invention.
Claims (10)
1. the production method of an animal manure charcoal fertilizer is characterized in that, the raw material of described animal manure charcoal fertilizer is an animal manure, and its production method may further comprise the steps:
A. sneak into the step of organic granular;
B. the step of drying-granulating;
C. the step handled of charing;
D. water-cooled refrigerative step;
The step of e. sieving;
F. the step of back-mixing granulation.
2. according to the production method of the described animal manure charcoal of claim 1 fertilizer, it is characterized in that, described a sneaks into the step of organic granular, further comprise: with in stalk, bamboo, trees, filling class branch, wood chip, sawdust, husk, rice husk or the chaff slag one or more, earlier through pulverizing, be crushed to grain diameter 1～15mm, mix with described raw material animal manure, blending ratio is 1: 5 to 1: 1.
3. according to the production method of claim 1 or 2 described animal manure charcoal fertilizer, it is characterized in that the step of described b drying-granulating further comprises: animal manure is entered paddle-dryer or converter drying-granulating, being dried and being a granulated into water ratio is 20～40%, and granularity is the circular granular of 1～20mm.
4. according to the production method of claim 1 or 2 described animal manure charcoal fertilizer, it is characterized in that the step of described b drying-granulating further comprises: at first adopt the mode of seasoning,, in advance described animal manure water ratio is reduced to 30～50% by airing; Then, the animal manure after the airing is entered paddle-dryer or converter drying-granulating, being dried and being a granulated into water ratio is 20～40%, and granularity is the circular granular of 1～20mm.
5. according to the production method of each described animal manure charcoal fertilizer in the claim 1～4, it is characterized in that,
The step that described c charing is handled further comprises: described animal manure, heats charing and handles at 300～800 ℃ through behind the drying-granulating in anaerobic or the low-oxygen environment, the treatment time is 15～240 minutes, generates the charing solids;
Described d water-cooled refrigerative step further comprises: described charing solids by using water-cooled spiral tube carries out the water-cooled cooling, cools the temperature to 150～200 ℃;
The step that described e sieves further comprises: cooled charing solids sieves, and sieve diameter is 4～5mm;
The step of described f back-mixing granulation further comprises: the screen underflow of remainder after step e sieves, and back-mixing is to the step of step b drying-granulating, be used to play the effect of granulation nuclear, and utilize the big characteristics of its porous specific surface area, and strengthen the space of mixture, play the effect of drying aid.
6. according to the production method of each described animal manure charcoal fertilizer in the claim 1～5, it is characterized in that the step that described e sieves further comprises: cooled charing solids sieves, and sieve diameter is 4～5mm; The inflammable gas that produces among described step b, c, the d burns it, and the radiant heat reuse of generation is to the required heat of step c animal manure charing.
7. according to the production method of each described animal manure charcoal fertilizer in the claim 1～5, it is characterized in that the treatment process of described wet animal manure further comprises: the step of g. vent gas treatment;
The step of described g vent gas treatment further comprises: the tail gas that produces in the fertile production process of animal manure charcoal after the dedusting condensation, enters the deodorizing of burning of gaseous combustion stove.
8. according to the production method of each described animal manure charcoal fertilizer in the claim 1～7, it is characterized in that, in the charing treatment step of described animal manure, use following charing treatment facility:
Described charing treatment facility comprises drying machine and charring furnace; Described charring furnace further comprises: top (1), inwall (2), furnace chamber, hopper (3), block-proof type rotary valve (4), preheating and auxiliary carbonizing tube (5), main carbonizing tube (6), high-temperature rotary valve (7), cooling pipe (8), material outlet (9) and gas line (17);
Described top (1) is detachable, is used to make things convenient for maintenance, the replacing of internal part;
Described inwall (2) is a lagging material;
The top of described inwall (2) and described top (1) combine, and are the open type structure, and internal layer covers, reinforces with titanium plate, are used for reflect heat to described device interior;
Described hopper (3) is used for throwing in material in equipment;
Described hopper (3) inside further is provided with whipping appts, is used to prevent that mud from piling up, obstruction;
Described equipment further is provided with drop pipe (10), and described drop pipe (10) is with described preheating and assist carbonizing tube (5) and main carbonizing tube (6) to link to each other;
Described main carbonizing tube (6) is one, and described main carbonizing tube (6) inside further is provided with spiral promoting shaft, and the axle head of described spiral promoting shaft is used to promote material and oppositely advances with driven by motor;
Described high-temperature rotary valve (7) inside further is provided with water cooling plant, and described water cooling plant is used to prevent described high-temperature rotary valve (7) overheated back parking;
Described high-temperature rotary valve (7) is used for preventing that a large amount of gas permeation that the carbonization reaction process produces from entering described cooling pipe (8);
Described cooling pipe (8) outside further is provided with water jacket;
Described cooling is according to the described equipment that is used for charing processing mud and feces of livestock and poultry of claim 1, and described cooling pipe (8) is inner to be advanced with screw shaft;
Described cooling pipe (8) is used for the material processing of lowering the temperature, make it be lower than burning-point after, discharge through described material outlet (9);
Described equipment further is provided with gas port (11) and tracheae (12);
Described gas port (11) links to each other with described gas line (17) with described preheating and auxiliary carbonizing tube (5);
Described tracheae (12) links to each other with described gas line (17) with described main carbonizing tube (6).
9. according to the production method of each described animal manure charcoal fertilizer in the claim 1～8, it is characterized in that, in the charing treatment step of described animal manure, use following charing treatment facility:
Described equipment is provided with booster fan (13) and wind box (14);
Described booster fan (13) is used for the mode with air blast, and air is blown into described wind box (14);
Two blast mains are established on the top of described wind box (14); Wherein, second blast main (16) is used for freezing air is delivered to the venting port (18) of gas line (17), to play the effect of cooling; First blast main (15) is used for air is delivered to gas line (17) inside, to play combustion-supporting effect;
The tail end of described gas line (17), preheating and auxiliary carbonizing tube (5), main carbonizing tube (6) all adopts free-standing, with pulley (19) every pipe fitting being carried out horizontal direction fixes, it can only be extended in the horizontal direction, be used for avoiding described pipe fitting to bend at the heat-processed expanded by heating;
Described first blast main (15) and described second blast main (16) are used for the flow of control air further being provided with valve (20) with wind box (14) position contacting;
Described equipment when material is finished carbonization process in described main carbonizing tube (6) after, is advanced described high-temperature rotary valve (7) in use;
The bottom of described inwall (2) and both sides further are provided with resistance wire respectively, when described equipment uses, at first by resistance wire described furnace chamber are heated to the carbonization reaction temperature, add material then;
Described equipment in use, material enters preheating and auxiliary carbonizing tube (5) by described block-proof type rotary valve (4);
Described block-proof type rotary valve (4) is used to stop upper air to enter in preheating and the auxiliary carbonizing tube (5);
Described preheating and auxiliary carbonizing tube (5) are two one group, and described preheating and auxiliary carbonizing tube (5) inside further are provided with spiral promoting shaft, and the axle head of described spiral promoting shaft rotates with driven by motor, is used to promote material and advances;
Described equipment when material is advanced described drop pipe (10) in described preheating and auxiliary carbonizing tube (5) after, relies on gravity to fall to described main carbonizing tube (6) automatically in use;
Described equipment in use, material carries out charing in described preheating and auxiliary carbonizing tube (5) and main carbonizing tube (6), produce solid, gas two-phase material, solid matter is continued to be advanced, progressively from outlet (9) discharge; Gas in described preheating and the auxiliary carbonizing tube (5) enters gas line (17) through described gas port (11), and the gas in the described main carbonizing tube (6) enters gas line (17) through tracheae (12).
10. one kind as the animal manure charcoal fertilizer of the production method of animal manure charcoal fertilizer preparation as described in each in the claim 1～9.
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