CN102173491A - Process for comprehensively utilizing rare-earth ore leaching waste liquid and calcining waste heat in rare earth production - Google Patents

Process for comprehensively utilizing rare-earth ore leaching waste liquid and calcining waste heat in rare earth production Download PDF

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Publication number
CN102173491A
CN102173491A CN2011100660474A CN201110066047A CN102173491A CN 102173491 A CN102173491 A CN 102173491A CN 2011100660474 A CN2011100660474 A CN 2011100660474A CN 201110066047 A CN201110066047 A CN 201110066047A CN 102173491 A CN102173491 A CN 102173491A
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rare
rare earth
waste heat
earth
calcining
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CN102173491B (en
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雷少钦
陈楷翰
李来超
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Fujian Jinlong Rare Earth Co ltd
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Fujian Changting Jinlong Rare Earth Co Ltd
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    • YGENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02PCLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES IN THE PRODUCTION OR PROCESSING OF GOODS
    • Y02P10/00Technologies related to metal processing
    • Y02P10/20Recycling

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  • Compounds Of Alkaline-Earth Elements, Aluminum Or Rare-Earth Metals (AREA)
  • Separation Of Suspended Particles By Flocculating Agents (AREA)

Abstract

The invention discloses a process for comprehensively utilizing rare-earth ore leaching waste liquid and calcining waste heat in rare earth production, which comprises the following steps of: treating the waste water discharged after dissolving rare-earth ores by acid by using lime, to form residue containing a large amount of calcium, iron and aluminum salts; and adding sulfuric acid with a mass percentage concentration of above 70 percent into the residue for curing to prepare an aluminum sulfate molten iron finishing agent containing calcium sulfate, wherein curing is realized by comprehensively utilizing the waste heat generated by rare earth calcination and smoke chamber waste heat of a boiler. By adopting the invention, the problem of higher cost of synthesizing the conventional inorganic polymeric flocculant aluminum ferric sulfate is solved, and the problems of large amount of residue generated by waste treatment, difficulty in treatment of the residue, low temperatures of calcining waste heat and boiler smoke chamber waste heat discharged during the rare earth production, and difficulty in comprehensive utilization in the traditional rare earth smelting process are solved; the aluminum ferric sulfate containing the calcium sulfate, with high economic benefit, is prepared on the basis of the original process, and the aluminum ferric sulfate can be used as the finishing agent in the subsequent sewage treatment; and the preparation process is simple, the economic benefit is obvious, and the process is easy to popularize.

Description

A kind of rare-earth mineral leaches the comprehensive utilization process of waste liquid and Rare Earth Production calcining waste heat
Technical field
The present invention relates to the comprehensive utilization process that a kind of rare-earth mineral leaches waste liquid and Rare Earth Production calcining waste heat.
Technical background
The aluminium iron sulfate over-all properties is better than bodied ferric sulfate (PFS) and polyaluminium sulfate (PAS), have that molysite flocculation agent settling velocity is fast, alumen ustum is big, the good advantage of aluminium based flocculating agent fading effect, characteristic and characteristics with polymerize aluminum chloride (PAC) and molysite have overcome the water purification difficult point of PAC when low-temperature and low turbidity.Therefore, its purifying water effect obviously is better than general water purification product.
The method for preparing aluminium iron sulfate commonly used at present: with ferrous sulfate, H 2SO 4, Al (OH) 3Deng being raw material, at oxygenant H 2O 2There is synthesized polymer aluminium iron sulfate (PAFS) down.The shortcoming of this method is to need accurate technology controlling and process, brings certain difficulty to operation, and oxygenant H 2O 2Relatively more expensive, so preparation cost is higher.
Domestic also have the flyash that utilizes heat power plant discharging and a pyrite cinder in chemical plant, synthesized polymer aluminium iron sulfate (PAFS) flocculation agent under higher temperature, the raw material that this method adopts all is a plant wastes, so have favorable economic benefit and environmental benefit, but the weak point of this method is Fe in the raw material 2+Content is higher, often need add oxygenant again (as MmO 2), and technology is loaded down with trivial details, and generated time is longer, relatively is unfavorable for suitability for industrialized production.
Rare earth is in the calcination process, and the moisture that the section that heats up can be contained with the rare-earth precipitation thing is dried, but also has the not comprehensive utilization of a large amount of waste heats, has caused the waste of the energy.There is a large amount of iron aluminium elements in rare earth roasted ore leach liquor after extracting rare earth in addition, forms after lime precipitation and contains a large amount of calcium, the residue of iron aluminium salt.When adopting lime treatment merely, settling velocity is slow, and sewage treatment capacity is low, if auxiliary conventional flocculation agent (as polymerize aluminum chloride), not only cost is higher, and treatment effect is not so good.In the lime precipitation process, because the level of residue that produces is big, residue is difficult to handle, and therefore causes bigger environmental protection pressure to sewage disposal.At present the method for handling residue is transported to elsewhere again and carries out landfill usually with its squeezing, and this method is the processing cost height not only, and the calcium that produces, iron aluminium salt etc. are difficult to economic utilization.
Summary of the invention
At above problem, the purpose of this invention is to provide the comprehensive utilization process that a kind of rare-earth mineral leaches waste liquid and Rare Earth Production calcining waste heat, the aluminium iron sulfate that can on the basis of original technology, prepare the high sulfur acid calcium of economic benefit, and can be used as the processing medicament of postorder sewage disposal, preparation process is simple, economic benefit is obvious, is easy to promote.
In order to reach above-mentioned purpose, solution of the present invention is:
The waste water lime treatment that to after peracid dissolves rare-earth mineral, discharge, what form contains a large amount of calcium, iron aluminium salt residue, add the aluminium iron sulfate water conditioner that sulfur acid calcium is made in mass percentage concentration 70% above sulfuric acid slaking in residue, slaking is the waste heat of comprehensive utilization rare earth calcining generation and the smoke-box waste heat of boiler.
Described acid dissolving rare-earth mineral is: (1) is used to extract pure rare earth with carbonated rare earth or rare earth oxalate fine fodder dissolving with hydrochloric acid, and extraction back waste water also contains a large amount of Cl except containing a large amount of aluminium, ferro element -, Cl -Can be used as postorder and prepare the catalyzer of aluminium iron sulfate; (2) behind calcining such as sulfuric acid or the ammonia chloride rare earth ore concentrate, leach liquor also has a large amount of ferro-aluminum elements except containing rare earth, is settled out behind the rare earth fine fodder remaining a large amount of ferro-aluminum elements in the solution.General these ferro-aluminum elements of lime precipitation that use form waste residue in the factory.
Described sour slaking is that the residue that will produce after the lime precipitation mixes with the sulfuric acid of mass percentage concentration more than 70%, mol ratio is at 2:3~2:3.5, be controlled in the stockpile temperature and carry out slaking under 80-150 degree centigrade and stack, utilize the waste heat that produces in rare earth calcining or the boiler flue to come controlled temperature, become the aluminium iron sulfate that promptly is converted into water conditioner----sulfur acid calcium after yellowish to the stockpile color.As using (2) residue, need add a small amount of Cl in addition -
Described water conditioner is the aluminium iron sulfate of sulfur acid calcium, can be used as the flocculation agent in the water treatment procedure.
After adopting such scheme, key features of the present invention is that the sediment and the Rare Earth Production waste heat of Rare Earth Production waste water carries out composite governance, and by-product goes out the aluminium iron sulfate water conditioner.The present invention not only can solve the synthetic cost problem of higher of present conventional inorganic polymer flocculant aluminium iron sulfate, and can solve in the rare-earth smelting technology problem that calcining waste heat and the boiler smoke-box waste heat supply temperature that the level of residue that wastewater treatment produces is big, residue is difficult to handle, discharge during Rare Earth Production be low, be difficult to fully utilize.Prepare the aluminium iron sulfate of the high sulfur acid calcium of economic benefit on the basis of original technology, and can be used as the processing medicament of postorder sewage disposal, preparation process is simple, and economic benefit is obvious, is easy to promote.
Embodiment
Get 200Kg through the residue that contains a large amount of calcium, alite after the lime precipitation, drop into mass percentage concentration 70% sulfuric acid (industrial waste acid) by cement mixer, stir evenly discharging, be controlled in the stockpile temperature and carry out slaking under 80-150 degree centigrade (the waste heat controlled temperature that produces when utilizing calcination) and stack, experiment is found, when the stockpile temperature reaches 70 degrees centigrade, the color of residue and sulfuric acid mixture begins to become redness of the skin or complexion, when temperature continues to raise, color gradates again and is grey black, is generally the color of stirrer discharging this moment.Stockpile is placed in the boiler flue decontamination chamber, under about 120-150 degree centigrade, residue and vitriolic color are converted into light yellow (this is the aluminium iron sulfate of sulfur acid calcium), are incubated discharging in 6 hours, be higher than the problem that occurred material " burning to death " in 12 hours, water-soluble decline.
When flue decontamination chamber temperature control bad when mixing with stack gas that afterwards temperature is too high (be blower fan introduce freezing air), the people's that can occur choking taste, assay products is a sulfuric acid mist.This situation generally appears at flue decontamination chamber temperature and is higher than 200 degrees centigrade, and this moment is material " burning to death " not only, new pollution also occurs.
In the process of lime precipitation, add the aqueous solution (containing outstanding absurd creature) of 0.1% aluminium iron sulfate of preparing, find not only to produce a large amount of wadding flowers fast, and settling velocity is very fast, can improve the ability of sewage disposal greatly.
In bleaching and dyeing wastewater, drop into the aqueous solution (containing outstanding absurd creature) of 0.08% aluminium iron sulfate of preparing, find to produce a large amount of wadding flowers, treatment effect is better than the effect that drops into 0.06% industrial sulphuric acid aluminum flocculation, and sedimentation speed is obviously faster than the latter.
In addition,, add the industrial hot sulfuric acid of the quality percentage degree of depth 70%, mix and stir, also can prepare aluminium iron sulfate after placing a week if will be through the residue that contains a large amount of calcium, alite after the lime precipitation.
In handling leather waste water, add 0.15% aluminium iron sulfate of preparing, can be with the COD(chemical oxygen demand (COD)) be 5000, colourity is 230 leather waste water, and reducing to COD is 1500, and colourity is 70.
It below only is preferred implementation of the present invention; it is not qualification to protection scope of the present invention; all and of the present invention gordian techniquies do not have to produce difference in essence, to the deduction or replace of above-mentioned embodiment, all should be regarded as falling within the protection domain of this case.

Claims (5)

1. a rare-earth mineral leaches the comprehensive utilization process of waste liquid and Rare Earth Production calcining waste heat, it is characterized in that: the waste water lime treatment that will after peracid dissolves rare-earth mineral, discharge, what form contains calcium, iron aluminium salt residue, add the aluminium iron sulfate water conditioner that sulfur acid calcium is made in mass percentage concentration 70% above sulfuric acid slaking in residue, slaking is the waste heat of comprehensive utilization rare earth calcining generation and the smoke-box waste heat of boiler.
2. a kind of according to claim 1 rare-earth mineral leaches the comprehensive utilization process of waste liquid and Rare Earth Production calcining waste heat, it is characterized in that: described acid dissolving rare-earth mineral is: with carbonated rare earth or rare earth oxalate fine fodder dissolving with hydrochloric acid, be used to extract pure rare earth, extraction back waste water also contains Cl except containing aluminium, ferro element -, Cl -The catalyzer for preparing aluminium iron sulfate as postorder.
3. leach the comprehensive utilization process of waste liquid and Rare Earth Production calcining waste heat as a kind of rare-earth mineral as described in the claim 2, it is characterized in that: described sour slaking is that the residue that will produce after the lime precipitation mixes with the sulfuric acid of mass percentage concentration more than 70%, mol ratio is at 2:3~2:3.5, be controlled in the stockpile temperature and carry out slaking under 80-150 degree centigrade and stack, utilize the waste heat that produces in rare earth calcining or the boiler flue to come controlled temperature, become the aluminium iron sulfate that promptly is converted into water conditioner----sulfur acid calcium after yellowish to the stockpile color.
4. a kind of according to claim 1 rare-earth mineral leaches the comprehensive utilization process of waste liquid and Rare Earth Production calcining waste heat, it is characterized in that: described acid dissolving rare-earth mineral is: behind sulfuric acid or the ammonia chloride calcining rare earth ore concentrate, leach liquor also has the ferro-aluminum element except containing rare earth, be settled out behind the rare earth fine fodder remaining ferro-aluminum element in the solution.
5. leach the comprehensive utilization process of waste liquid and Rare Earth Production calcining waste heat as a kind of rare-earth mineral as described in the claim 4, it is characterized in that: described sour slaking is that the residue that will produce after the lime precipitation mixes with the sulfuric acid of mass percentage concentration more than 70%, mol ratio also adds Cl at 2:3~2:3.5 in the residue -, be controlled in the stockpile temperature and carry out slaking under 80-150 degree centigrade and stack, utilize the waste heat that produces in rare earth calcining or the boiler flue to come controlled temperature, become the aluminium iron sulfate that promptly is converted into water conditioner----sulfur acid calcium after yellowish to the stockpile color.
CN2011100660474A 2011-03-18 2011-03-18 Process for comprehensively utilizing rare-earth ore leaching waste liquid and calcining waste heat in rare earth production Active CN102173491B (en)

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Cited By (4)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN102864319A (en) * 2011-10-08 2013-01-09 中国恩菲工程技术有限公司 Method for leaching rare earth elements from nickel oxide ore
CN103539240A (en) * 2013-02-06 2014-01-29 盐城工学院 Method for preparing rare-earth-waste-residue coagulant
CN103553194A (en) * 2013-07-31 2014-02-05 乔占印 Rear-earth poly aluminum ferric sulfate and preparation method thereof
CN108754189A (en) * 2018-07-11 2018-11-06 中铝稀土(江苏)有限公司 A kind of rare-earth original ore dissolving method

Citations (3)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN1337356A (en) * 2001-09-15 2002-02-27 邓中杰 Production process of composite water purifying agent polymeric aluminum ferric sulfate
CN1583593A (en) * 2004-06-04 2005-02-23 刘启旺 One step synthesis of polymerized aluminum-iron sulfurate from industrial waste slags
CN101481161A (en) * 2009-02-23 2009-07-15 杨祺 Method for producing rare-earth poly-ferric aluminum silicate sulfate from rare earth-containing sludge and iron-containing dust sludge

Patent Citations (3)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN1337356A (en) * 2001-09-15 2002-02-27 邓中杰 Production process of composite water purifying agent polymeric aluminum ferric sulfate
CN1583593A (en) * 2004-06-04 2005-02-23 刘启旺 One step synthesis of polymerized aluminum-iron sulfurate from industrial waste slags
CN101481161A (en) * 2009-02-23 2009-07-15 杨祺 Method for producing rare-earth poly-ferric aluminum silicate sulfate from rare earth-containing sludge and iron-containing dust sludge

Non-Patent Citations (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Title
《中国资源综合利用》 20101031 孙勇等 改性粉煤灰在工业污水中的应用 第28-31页 1-5 第28卷, 第10期 *

Cited By (5)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN102864319A (en) * 2011-10-08 2013-01-09 中国恩菲工程技术有限公司 Method for leaching rare earth elements from nickel oxide ore
CN102864319B (en) * 2011-10-08 2015-02-04 中国恩菲工程技术有限公司 Method for leaching rare earth elements from nickel oxide ore
CN103539240A (en) * 2013-02-06 2014-01-29 盐城工学院 Method for preparing rare-earth-waste-residue coagulant
CN103553194A (en) * 2013-07-31 2014-02-05 乔占印 Rear-earth poly aluminum ferric sulfate and preparation method thereof
CN108754189A (en) * 2018-07-11 2018-11-06 中铝稀土(江苏)有限公司 A kind of rare-earth original ore dissolving method

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Address after: 366300 new industrial zone, Changting Economic Development Zone, Longyan City, Fujian Province

Patentee after: Fujian Jinlong Rare Earth Co.,Ltd.

Country or region after: China

Address before: Changting Jinlong Rare Earth Co.,Ltd. Industrial New Area Changting Economic Development Zone Longyan City Fujian Province

Patentee before: FUJIAN CHANGTING GOLDEN DRAGON RARE-EARTH Co.,Ltd.

Country or region before: China