CN102172504A - Liquid organic atomization and gasification device - Google Patents
Liquid organic atomization and gasification device Download PDFInfo
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- CN102172504A CN102172504A CN2011100336150A CN201110033615A CN102172504A CN 102172504 A CN102172504 A CN 102172504A CN 2011100336150 A CN2011100336150 A CN 2011100336150A CN 201110033615 A CN201110033615 A CN 201110033615A CN 102172504 A CN102172504 A CN 102172504A
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Abstract
The invention discloses a liquid organic atomization and gasification device, which is mainly used for preparing a standard gas required in processes of manufacturing, production, verification and calibration of gas alarms from a liquid organic material. A liquid standard material is atomized in an atomizing air pipe through the inlet of an injector and is evaporated and gasified in an evaporating tube under the action of the gas in a blowing air pipe, and thus, the liquid standard organic substance is converted into a gaseous substance. The pushing rate of the injector is controlled by using an injection pump, so that the pushing rate of the injector is smaller than the maximum evaporation rate of the liquid standard substance. The temperature and pressure in an atomizing and gasifying system are measured, the concentration of the standard material from the outlet of the atomization and gasification device in a gas phase can be obtained by using the pushing rate of the injector and the flow metered by a flowmeter, and by conversion according to an equation of state of gas.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to a kind of fluid organic material atomizing gasification installation, by the spraying gasification principle liquid state organics gasification is formed gas, be mainly used in liquid state organics is mixed with required calibrating gas in the development that is fit to gas alarm or detector, production, calibrating, the calibration process.
Background technology
In processes such as the development of gas alarm or detector, production, use, need the gaseous state standard substance of the accurate concentration of preparation, in order to the service behaviour of evaluation appts.Although and these organic standard materials have certain vapour pressure or volatility, but being liquid condition at normal temperatures and pressures exists, such as methyl alcohol, ethanol, ether etc., generally rate of volatilization is slower, need keep the sufficiently long time so will reach the gas of accurate concentration.Because these liquid state organics may be easy to reactions such as airborne steam, oxygen because their Activity of Chemical Reaction are bigger; Their boiling point is higher simultaneously, volatility is lower, so be difficult for adopting conventional quality compound method, high concentration also is difficult for vaporization; And its polarity is bigger, if adopt common gas cylinder packing and storage, easily by absorption such as bottle, valves.Therefore, these liquid chemical war agent accurately are mixed with the calibrating gas of high-pressure cylinder packing and storing, technical at home and abroad all difficult.Cause can not get such calibrating gas accurately, thereby has caused the root problem of carrying out gas alarm or detector demarcation and analytical method appraisal.
At the problems referred to above, the various devices that liquid state organics are transformed into corresponding gaseous state have been developed both at home and abroad.On the principle that realizes, divide two kinds: diffusion principle and spraying gasification principle.
1. diffusion principle.Because the gravitation constraint that the warm-up movement of molecule, liquid molecule are broken away between the molecule becomes gas afterwards, arrives farther place through diffusion again.If in certain space and keep the sufficiently long time, finally will reach the vapor liquid equilibrium state.According to the equation of gas state, organic matter is after reaching vapor liquid equilibrium, and the concentration in the gas phase is by its temperature and pressure decision.When pressure one timing, the concentration in the gas phase just exists certain functional relation with between the temperature, and with a kind of material, its concentration and functional relationship of temperature are determined.Depress at normal atmosphere, can directly find concentration and functional relationship of temperature formula, therefore,, and safeguard the sufficiently long vapor liquid equilibrium time as long as control temperature well by document, just can be by obtaining the concentration of material in gas phase under this temperature.The air distributing method of realizing according to diffusion principle has two kinds, a kind of is static distribution method, the temperature constant that keeps system exactly, and keep normal atmosphere (An), the standard substance that enters in the gas phase is collected in the collecting bag, safeguard the sufficiently long time, standard substance and liquid state reach dynamic equilibrium in the interior gas phase of collecting bag, then collecting bag gas are discharged by extruding." research of alcohol content of exhalation gas detector measurement verification standard set-up " of report such as Shen Zhengsheng [China's metering, 2007, (10): 53～54] is exactly to utilize this principle to realize.This static air distributing method is owing to the equilibration time of setting up gaseous state and liquid state is longer, and adopted another kind of half-way house is the dynamic air-distributing method: at a certain temperature, the dynamic gas liquid purge anemostat mouth of pipe with constant flow rate, but this method is not owing to set up vapor liquid equilibrium, calculate so ask in the relational expression of the saturated vapor Pressure, Concentration, Temperature that the concentration in the gas phase can't be from document, therefore need obtain the concentration of standard substance in the gas according to other quantitative approach." the qcm sensor standard measure detects mustard gas in the air " [Environmental Pollution and Control, 2006,28 (10): 796～798] of Li Wei etc. report are exactly to utilize dynamic method of diffusion to realize the liquid chemical agent of fighting is mixed with gas.Utilize the air distributing device of diffusion principle to exist following shortcoming:
(1) though stabilization time long static distribution method can calculate the concentration of standard substance in the gas phase by the relational expression of saturated vapor Pressure, Concentration, Temperature exactly, but, it needs the long time because setting up vapor liquid equilibrium, therefore when preparing variable concentrations or rebuliding balance, need the long instrument stabilizer time, particularly can't prepare the gaseous state standard substance of variable concentrations neatly.
(2) the concentration rate of volatilization that be difficult for to repeat liquid is except outside the Pass having with itself character and temperature, and also relevant with its purity, according to physical chemistry knowledge, the purity of liquid determines the size of its partial vapour pressure.When using the dynamic air-distributing method, volatilization along with standard substance, high volatile volatile material in the liquid state increases gradually, liquid viscosity increases gradually, the rate of volatilization of standard substance also reduces thereupon, therefore, the concentration of standard substance also can reduce in the gas phase, has caused the difficult repetition of the concentration of standard substance in the gas phase.In order to obtain the concentration of standard substance in the gas phase, after setting up new vapor liquid equilibrium at every turn, need to use and demarcate as instruments such as gas-chromatographies.
The air distributing device that is mixed with specific concentrations gaseous state standard substance by liquid standard substance of domestic present development is all realized according to diffusion principle, utilizes the alert alcohol content of exhalation gas detector of using that has of static diffusion distribution method; Liquid state organics is because polarity is big, poor stability, chemical property are active, and adopts dynamically diffusion distribution method.
2. spraying gasification principle.What the spraying gasification principle adopted is to atomize and gasify to combine to realize that liquid state organics forms the method for gaseous state standard substance.The method of utilizing this principle to implement is divided into two kinds of clearance-type and continous ways.The principle of clearance-type is to inject quantitative liquid organic solvent (such as ethanol) in air-flow, and heating fully vaporizes it, is gone out and is charged into container by the air-flow carrier band.According to the gas flow that pours and the amount of liquid of injection, calculate the concentration of desiring the distribution body.Chen Yonghua etc. report " development of alcohol content of exhalation gas detector calibrating installation " [China's metering, 2006, (9): 49～50] utilizes the clearance-type principle that liquid state organics is become gaseous state just.The advantage of this method is directly to calculate the concentration of standard substance at gas according to the amount of liquid that injects and the volume of diluent gas, and its shortcoming also is self-explantory: the one, and this liquid standard material is volatile, chemical inert; The 2nd, because the restriction of volume can not produce calibrating gas continuously in enormous quantities.Continous way spraying gasification principle is that liquid state organics continuously is incorporated in the system by syringe, the speed that the control syringe advances and the flow of zero gas (nitrogen or air).If the propelling speed of syringe is less than the rate of volatilization of liquid standard substance, the drop of the Tui Chuing formation gas that can all gasify under the effect of sweep gas then, advance speed and zero gas flow can directly obtain in gas phase organic concentration according to syringe this moment.Obviously, when adopting this principle preparation gas standard material, its concentration is quantitatively accurate, stable, quick, need not long vapor liquid equilibrium, does not also need to utilize other method that the organic matter in the gas phase is carried out quantitative assay.This device can be mixed with the organic solvent that is in a liquid state under the normal temperature and pressure corresponding standard gas, thereby is fit to calibrating, the calibration of instrument, as can be used as alert calibrating installation with alcohol content of exhalation gas detector.William T Muse etc. has reported " Generation, Sampling, and Analysis for Low-Level GB (Sarin) and GF (Cyclosarin) Vapor for Inhalation Toxicology Studies " [Inhalation Toxicology, 2006,18 (14): 1101～1108] article adopts continous way spraying gasification principle to realize the device of chemical warfare agent gasification, but does not have the concrete structure of tracing device.
Summary of the invention
Purpose of the present invention solves long, technical problem such as concentration is inaccurate diffusion principle air distributing device stabilization time exactly, and a kind of device of preparing all types of liquid organic materials or chemical warfare agent fast, efficiently, flexibly, exactly is provided.
The present invention solves the problems of the technologies described above the technical scheme that adopts to be: be made up of gas flow guiding parts a, two parts of liquid spraying gasification member b the liquid state organics spraying gasification installation that stainless steel, polytetrafluoroethylene (PTFE), glass, quartz or aluminum alloy material are made, comprise purging tracheae 4, spraying tracheae 6, evaporation tube 12, vaporizer 13; Gas flow guiding parts a comprises gas flow guiding parts loam cake 1, air inlet 2, purging tracheae 4, injector inlet 10, spraying tracheae 6, one end of gas flow guiding parts loam cake 1 has air inlet 2, the lower end of gas flow guiding parts loam cake 1 has a hickey to be connected with purging tracheae 4 by O shape ring 3-1, the central authorities of gas flow guiding parts loam cake 1 upper end have a hickey and are connected with threaded syringe import 10 by O shape ring 3-3, threaded post 8, sealing gasket 9, and the central authorities of gas flow guiding parts loam cake 1 lower end have a hickey and are connected with spraying tracheae 6 by O shape ring 3-2; Liquid spraying gasification member b upper end has gas outlet 14, and the central authorities of liquid spraying gasification member b are that vaporizer 13, lower end are that evaporation tube 12, bottom have an evaporation tube connector 11 and purging tracheae connector 5 and be connected by screw thread; The spraying tracheae 6 of gas flow guiding parts a is inserted among the liquid spraying gasification member b, tighten sealing with nut 7-1,7-2.
Source of the gas of the present invention is divided into two parts when air inlet 2 enters system, one the tunnel leads to spraying tracheae 6, its direction of motion is identical with the direction of vaporized liquid, liquid organic standard material forms more droplet under the gas-flow resistance effect of atomization gas, purging tracheae 4 is led on another road, direction when meeting with liquid is opposite with the liquid direction of motion, under the effect of sweep gas, the droplet of atomizing is gasified, and forms gas and enters in the gas phase.
Internal diameter 1～the 2mm of spraying tracheae 6 of the present invention, vaporizer 13 internal diameters 3～5mm, evaporation tube 12 internal diameters 1.1～3mm, the internal diameter that purges tracheae 4 is than the little 0.5～2mm of spraying tracheae 6 internal diameters.
Injector inlet of the present invention 10 upper ends are by sealing gasket 9 sealings.
Atomizing gasification installation material of the present invention is stainless steel, polytetrafluoroethylene (PTFE), glass, quartz or aluminium alloy.
Gasification process operating procedure of the present invention is as follows: 0～70 ℃ of the temperature of atomizing gasification installation is set, provides 100～3000mLmin by flowmeter to the atomizing gasification installation by air inlet 2 from the gas of nitrogen high-pressure cylinder or air pressure pump
-1The gas of flow is drawn the liquid standard material of 10 μ L～10mL volume in syringe, syringe is inserted in the spraying tracheae 6 by injector inlet 10, in the atomizing gasification installation with 0.001 μ Lmin
-1～1mLmin
-1Speed is injected liquid state organics, and the gas outlet concentration of 14 organic matters in gas phase reaches 0.01～100mgm
-3The speed that the control syringe advances, so that the propelling speed of syringe is less than the maximum evaporation rate of liquid standard material, the concentration of the standard substance that comes out in gas outlet 14 in gas phase can advance speed and flowmeter flow to obtain through conversion by syringe.
The invention has the beneficial effects as follows:
1. the liquid gasification rate is directly proportional with the contact area of gas, and the drop that injects through syringe is dispersed into more droplet, thereby the total surface area of liquid is increased, so gasification rate increases.
2. the concentration of standard substance can be asked according to the equation of gas state by syringe charge velocity and zero gas flow and obtains in the gas phase, need not to use Other Instruments such as gas-chromatography to demarcate, thus the result accurately, reliable.
3. drop has improved gasification efficiency after atomizing forms more droplet, need not vapor liquid equilibrium, so moment can reach the calibrating gas of steady concentration.
4. but atomizing gasification installation continuous operation, the liquid standard substance in using up syringe is so can realize uninterrupted operation in enormous quantities.
Description of drawings
A kind of fluid organic material atomizing of Fig. 1 gasification installation block diagram
A. gas flow guiding parts, b. liquid spraying gasification member
A kind of fluid organic material atomization gas makeup of Fig. 2 interposed structure schematic diagram
Wherein: 1. gas flow guiding parts loam cake, 2. air inlet, 3.O shape ring 4. purges tracheae, 5. purges the tracheae connector, 6. spraying tracheae, 7. nut, 8. threaded post, 9. sealing gasket, 10. threaded syringe import, 11. the evaporation tube connector, 12. evaporation tubes, 13. vaporizers, 14. gas outlets.
The specific embodiment
Below in conjunction with accompanying drawing the specific embodiment of the present invention is done to describe in further detail:
The outlet of source of the gas (gas bomb or air pump) is connected with the air intake of pressure-reducing valve and flow stabilizing valve, and the gas outlet links to each other with the air intake of flowmeter, and the gas outlet of flowmeter links to each other with the air inlet 2 of spraying gasification installation.Open source of the gas, regulate the flow of flowmeter, the gas of certain flow is provided to the spraying gasification installation.In syringe, draw the liquid standard material of certain volume, syringe is inserted in the spraying tracheae 6 by injector inlet 10, the speed of utilizing syringe pump control syringe to advance is so that the propelling speed of syringe is less than the maximum evaporation rate of liquid standard material.Measure the intrasystem temperature of spraying gasification installation, pressure, the concentration of standard substance in gas phase of coming out in the gas outlet 14 of spraying gasification installation can advance speed and flowmeter flow to utilize the equation of gas state to obtain through conversion by syringe.
0～70 ℃ of the temperature of atomizing gasification installation is set, provides 100～3000mLmin by flowmeter to the spraying gasification installation by air inlet (2) from the gas of nitrogen high-pressure cylinder or air pressure pump
-1The gas of flow is drawn the liquid standard material of 10 μ L～10mL volume in syringe, syringe is inserted in the spraying tracheae (6) by injector inlet (10), in the gasification installation of spraying with 0.001 μ Lmin
-1～1mLmin
-1Speed is injected liquid state organics, and the concentration of gas outlet (14) organic matter in gas phase reaches 0.01～100mgm
-3
Embodiment 1
40 ℃ of spraying gasification installation system temperatures are set, gas flow (V
Gas) 400mLmin
-1Down, absolute ethyl alcohol (density p
40 ℃=0.7722gmL
-1) injection rate (V of standard substance (supposition purity p be 100%)
Liq) 0.04 μ Lmin
-1According to following formula calculate the status of criterion in the gas phase (0 ℃, 1atm) the preparation mass concentration 0.077mgL of ethanol down
-1
40 ℃ of system temperatures are set, gas flow (V
Gas) 3000mLmin
-1Down, absolute ethyl alcohol standard substance (density p
40 ℃=0.7722gmL
-1, purity 100%) injection rate (V
Liq) 0.001 μ Lmin
-1According to following formula calculate the status of criterion in the gas phase (0 ℃, 1atm) the preparation mass concentration 0.26mgm of sarin down
-3
Claims (6)
1. fluid organic material atomizing gasification installation is characterized in that this device is made up of gas flow guiding parts (a), two parts of liquid spraying gasification member (b), comprises purging tracheae (4), spray tracheae (6), evaporation tube (12), vaporizer (13); Gas flow guiding parts (a) comprise gas flow guiding parts loam cake (1), air inlet (2), purge tracheae (4), injector inlet (10), spraying tracheae (6), one end of gas flow guiding parts loam cake (1) has air inlet (2), the lower end of gas flow guiding parts loam cake (1) has a hickey to be connected with purging tracheae (4) by O shape ring (3-1), the central authorities of gas flow guiding parts loam cake (1) upper end have a hickey by O shape ring (3-3), threaded post (8), sealing gasket (9) is connected with threaded syringe import (10), and the central authorities of gas flow guiding parts loam cake (1) lower end have a hickey and are connected with spraying tracheae (6) by O shape ring (3-2); Liquid spraying gasification member (b) upper end has gas outlet (14), and the central authorities of liquid spraying gasification member (b) are that vaporizer (13), lower end are that evaporation tube (12), bottom have an evaporation tube connector (11) and be connected by screw thread with purging tracheae connector (5); The spraying tracheae (6) of gas flow guiding parts (a) is inserted in the liquid spraying gasification member (b), and (7-1,7-2) tightens sealing with nut.
2. atomizing gasification installation according to claim 1, it is characterized in that source of the gas is divided into two parts when entering system through air inlet (2), one the tunnel leads to spraying tracheae (6), its direction of motion is identical with the direction of vaporized liquid, purging tracheae (4) is led on another road, and the direction when meeting with liquid is opposite with the liquid direction of motion.
3. atomizing gasification installation according to claim 1, internal diameter 1～the 2mm of tracheae (6) is characterized in that spraying, vaporizer (13) internal diameter 3～5mm, evaporation tube (12) internal diameter 1.1～3mm, the internal diameter that purges tracheae (4) is than the little 0.5～2mm of spraying tracheae (6) internal diameter.
4. atomizing gasification installation according to claim 1 is characterized in that injector inlet (10) upper end is by sealing gasket (9) sealing.
5. atomizing gasification installation according to claim 1, the material that it is characterized in that this device is stainless steel, polytetrafluoroethylene (PTFE), glass, quartz or aluminium alloy.
6. the gasification process of the atomizing gasification installation of a fluid organic material, it is characterized in that this method operating procedure is as follows: 0～70 ℃ of the temperature of atomizing gasification installation is set, provides 100～3000mLmin by flowmeter to the atomizing gasification installation by air inlet (2) from the gas of nitrogen high-pressure cylinder or air pressure pump
-1The gas of flow is drawn the liquid standard material of 10 μ L～10mL volume in syringe, syringe is inserted in the spraying tracheae (6) by injector inlet (10), in the gasification installation that atomizes with 0.001 μ Lmin
-1～1mLmin
-1Speed is injected liquid state organics, and the concentration of gas outlet (14) organic matter in gas phase reaches 0.01～100mgm
-3
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| CN 201110033615 CN102172504B (en) | 2011-01-31 | 2011-01-31 | Liquid organic atomization and gasification device |
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| CN 201110033615 CN102172504B (en) | 2011-01-31 | 2011-01-31 | Liquid organic atomization and gasification device |
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Cited By (7)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
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| CN104864263A (en) * | 2015-06-03 | 2015-08-26 | 中日友好环境保护中心 | Preparation method of standard gases of volatile chlorinated hydrocarbon and liquid composition gasifying and filling device |
| CN105242008A (en) * | 2015-09-23 | 2016-01-13 | 同济大学 | Toxicant exposure testing apparatus used for regulating and controlling volatile organic compound gaseous-state pollution concentration |
| CN107486046A (en) * | 2017-08-31 | 2017-12-19 | 中国计量科学研究院 | High-enriched organics normal mixture body generating means and its application method |
| CN108051269A (en) * | 2017-12-28 | 2018-05-18 | 浙江大学台州研究院 | A kind of liquid concentration measuring device and method based on atomising device |
| CN110142161A (en) * | 2019-05-30 | 2019-08-20 | 上海理工大学 | Aromatic liquid hydrocarbon compound is continuously atomized and stablizes generating device and method |
| CN110449110A (en) * | 2018-05-07 | 2019-11-15 | 环创源科技股份有限公司 | The turning sludge into fuel method and device and modular reactor of spent organic solvent |
| CN114729918A (en) * | 2019-08-30 | 2022-07-08 | 汽车交通安全联合公司 | Method and apparatus for generating high precision mixed gas mixtures including volatile analytes |
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|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN104864263A (en) * | 2015-06-03 | 2015-08-26 | 中日友好环境保护中心 | Preparation method of standard gases of volatile chlorinated hydrocarbon and liquid composition gasifying and filling device |
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| CN108051269A (en) * | 2017-12-28 | 2018-05-18 | 浙江大学台州研究院 | A kind of liquid concentration measuring device and method based on atomising device |
| CN108051269B (en) * | 2017-12-28 | 2020-04-28 | 浙江大学台州研究院 | Liquid concentration measuring device and method based on atomization device |
| CN110449110A (en) * | 2018-05-07 | 2019-11-15 | 环创源科技股份有限公司 | The turning sludge into fuel method and device and modular reactor of spent organic solvent |
| CN110449110B (en) * | 2018-05-07 | 2021-09-14 | 环创源科技股份有限公司 | Method and device for fuelization of waste organic solvent and modular reactor |
| CN110142161A (en) * | 2019-05-30 | 2019-08-20 | 上海理工大学 | Aromatic liquid hydrocarbon compound is continuously atomized and stablizes generating device and method |
| CN114729918A (en) * | 2019-08-30 | 2022-07-08 | 汽车交通安全联合公司 | Method and apparatus for generating high precision mixed gas mixtures including volatile analytes |
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