CN102171035A - 制造分层玻璃制品的方法 - Google Patents
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Abstract
一种制造分层玻璃制品的方法,片状夹层被插入两个具有玻璃功能的基板之间,包括预先:使用分析器,通过在施加恒定动态位移的同时改变温度和频率,对所述夹层样品测量杨氏模量E;使用WLF(Williams-Landel-Ferry)方程式,对获得的曲线进行数值处理,以建立表述给定温度下的构成所述夹层的材料的行为的规律;生成用于弯曲分层玻璃制品面板的基于有限元方法的数值模型,其中,样品的机械性能从前述步骤中得到;将数值计算的结果与利用分析公式获得的那些进行比较,其中,夹层在分层玻璃制品内剪切传递中的参与用传递系数ω表述;改变分析方程式中的传递系数ω,直到结果收敛;通过连续迭代构造传递函数ω=f(E)。
Description
技术领域
本发明涉及用于制造采用片状夹层(lamination interlayer)的分层玻璃制品(laminated glazing)的方法,其中优化了其剪力传递系数(shear transfer coefficient)。
根据另一方面,本发明还涉及采用这种类型的优化夹层的分层玻璃制品。
背景技术
已经知道,当分层玻璃制品承受静态或准静态(quasi-static)载荷时,表述用于制造分层玻璃制品的片状夹层的粘弹性行为(viscoelastic behavior)的规则对所述分层玻璃制品的机械行为有影响。
施加到玻璃制品上的这些载荷的强度、载荷的分布方式、在不同极限状态下的载荷施加时间和载荷施加的温度结合在一起使得能够确定组装分层玻璃制品时使用的夹层的结构特性(性质、组成、厚度等)。
目前,从制造分层玻璃制品使用的片状夹层的结构特性的确定中得到考虑了没有夹层的理论玻璃制品的等效厚度eq的分析模型,根据下述方程式:
其中:
ω是表征夹层在分层组件的玻璃元件之间的剪切传递中的有效参与的传递系数,如果夹层对由分层玻璃制品形成的组件的机械性能没有贡献,则该系数等于0,或者,相反,如果夹层对分层玻璃制品的机械性能有贡献则,则该系数具有渐趋于1的数值;并且
ei是玻璃制品的每个玻璃基板的厚度。
在文献中无法获得传递系数ω的数值并且无法获得确定传递系数ω的方法。
ω=0的极限情况对应于夹层在玻璃制品的层之间提供良好的滑动,其中没有剪切应力传递,ω渐趋于1的极限情况对应于隔板完全参与应力传递。
需要努力确定这两种极限情况之间的传递系数ω,从而确定片状夹层的性能等级:也就是,只提供非常少地或不提供剪切应力传递的“柔性”夹层,典型地声学夹层(acoustic interlayer):提供实质剪切应力传递的“结构性”夹层;以及剪切应力传递能力位于上述定义的两个范围之间“标准”夹层。
因此,不能对使用没有优化的夹层因子ω的夹层的分层玻璃制品进行正确设计,如果不被控制的施加应力可能导致机械失效。
发明内容
因此,本发明的目的是通过建议一种用于制造采用至少一个被优化的片状夹层的分层玻璃制品的方法而减少这些缺点。
为此目的,本发明的一个目的是用于制造分层玻璃制品的方法,其中,片状夹层被插入两个具有玻璃功能的基板之间,以便,预先:
-使用分析器,通过在施加恒定动态位移的同时改变温度和频率,对所述夹层样品测量杨氏模量E;
-使用WLF(Williams-Landel-Ferry)方程式,对获得的曲线进行数值处理,以建立表述给定温度下的构成所述夹层的材料的行为的规律;
-生成用于弯曲分层玻璃制品面板的基于有限元方法的数值模型,其中,样品的机械性能从前述步骤中得到;
-将数值计算的结果与利用分析公式获得的那些进行比较,其中,夹层在分层玻璃制品内剪切传递中的参与用传递系数ω表述;
-改变分析方程式中的传递系数ω,直到结果收敛;
-通过连续迭代构造传递函数ω=f(E),其中,ω是传递系数,E是夹层的杨氏模量。
由于此优化的夹层,采用优化夹层的分层玻璃制品改进了与其承受的机械应力相对应的机械性能。
在本发明的上下文中,具有玻璃功能的基板可以是玻璃基板或塑料基板。
在本发明的优选实施例中,可以另外任意应用下述措施中的一个或两个:
-使温度在-20℃和+60℃之间变化;
-使频率在5×10-7Hz和3×10-1Hz之间变化。
根据另一方面,本发明的另一目的还在于可以在以这种方式制造的分层玻璃制品中使用的一组夹层。
在风载荷时间为3s并且所使用的温度位于0℃和20℃之间的情况下,如果:
-在0℃,E>8×108Pa;
-在10℃,E>3×108Pa;
-在20℃,E>1×108Pa,
则夹层被认为具有“结构性”功能。
在风载荷时间为3s并且所使用的温度位于0℃和20℃之间的情况下,如果:
-在0℃,E>1×108Pa并且E≤8×108Pa;
-在10℃,E>2×107Pa并且E≤3×108Pa;
-在20℃,E>5×106Pa并且E≤1×108Pa,
则夹层被认为具有“标准”功能。
在风载荷时间为3s并且所使用的温度位于0℃和20℃之间的情况下,如果:
-在0℃,E>1×107Pa并且E≤1×108Pa;
-在10℃,E>3×106Pa并且E≤2×107Pa;
-在20℃,E>5×105Pa并且E≤5×106Pa,
则夹层被认为具有“柔性或声学”功能。
本发明的另一目的是一种分层玻璃制品,其至少包括具有玻璃功能的第一基板和具有玻璃功能的第二基板,这些基板被使用如上所述的夹层分层。
本发明的另一目的是一种分层玻璃制品,其至少包括具有玻璃功能的第一基板和具有玻璃功能的第二基板,在他们之间插入片状夹层,此分层玻璃制品被根据如上所述的方法制造。
附图说明
本发明的特征和优势在下面的用于实施根据本发明的分层玻璃制品的制造方法的描述中变得很显然,其完全通过示例并且参照附图给出,其中:
图1示出了结构夹层在20℃时的主曲线(master curve),也就是20℃时的杨氏模量是频率f的函数,频率f从1×10-7至1×101Hz变化;
图2给出了传递函数或传递曲线ω=f(E)的曲线的示例,其中,ω是传递系数,E是夹层的杨氏模量。
具体实施方式
根本发明的优选实施例,从适于通过使用片状夹层的分层技术组装的具有玻璃功能的两个基板开始,所述夹层的机械参数被使用Metravib公司出售的粘弹分析仪(VA400)预先表征出来。
在将所述夹层的样品放到上述粘弹分析仪中之后,通过在施加恒定动态位移的同时改变温度和频率,特别地在本示例中位移为1×10-6m,使用粘弹分析仪对所述夹层的样品测量杨氏模量。
在载荷时间为3s并且在20℃下、杨氏模量E为2×108Pa的情况下,对Solutia公司出售的“RM11”牌号的夹层样品进行测试。
然后,使用WLF(威廉姆斯-兰德尔-费雷)方程式(Wiley在1980出版的“Viscoelastic Properties of Materials”,作者J.D.Ferry)对获得曲线进行数值处理,以建立行为规则(behavior law)E(f),也就是,在给定温度下构成所述夹层样品的材料的杨氏模量E作为频率的函数的变化,这里,此温度,这里为20℃,通常被称为主温度(master temperature)。
用于弯曲分层玻璃制品面板的基于有限元方法的数值模型被生成,其中,样品的机械性能从前述步骤中得到。本数值模型可以使用COSMOS-M计算软件生成,其中引入了正在讨论的包括夹层的分层玻璃制品板的非线性模型,该板只在每一侧进行支撑,施加均布载荷。
然后,将数值计算的结果与利用分析公式得到的那些进行比较,其中,夹层对分层玻璃制品内的剪切传递的贡献用传递系数ω表述。该分析公式是欧洲标准草案prEN 13474的附录B的主题。这些分析公式特别包括玻璃制品的厚度,对于分层玻璃制品的等效厚度eq,例如可以通过下面的方程式给出:
其中,ei是玻璃制品的每个具有玻璃功能的基板的厚度。
改变分析公式中的传递系数ω直到结果收敛,并且通过连续迭代构造传递函数ω=f(E),在图2中给出了其示意性示例。
从本曲线得知,对于本样品,在20℃下并且在载荷时间为3s的情况下,获得数值ω=0.7。在这些条件下,夹层可以被称为“结构性”夹层。
使用其它片状夹层重复根据本发明的方法,而获得下面:
-使用Solutia公司出售的RB41牌号的夹层,在20℃、风载荷时间为3s、E=9MPa、ω=0.4的情况下。在这些条件下,夹层可以被称为“标准”夹层;并且
-使用KEG公司出售的SC牌号的夹层,在20℃、风载荷时间为3s、E=1MPa、ω=0.1的情况下。在这些条件下,夹层可以被称为“柔性或声学”夹层。
使用这些类型中的每一种夹层,可以生产包括两个基板S1和S2的分层玻璃制品,这两个基板S1和S2通过它们的使用本夹层的主要表面中的一个联接在一起。
Claims (8)
1.一种制造分层玻璃制品的方法,片状夹层被插入两个具有玻璃功能的基板之间,其特征在于,预先:
使用分析器,通过在施加恒定动态位移的同时改变温度和频率,对所述夹层样品测量杨氏模量E;
使用WLF(威廉姆斯-兰德尔-费雷)方程,对获得的曲线进行数值处理,以建立表述给定温度下的构成所述夹层的材料的行为的规律;
生成用于弯曲分层玻璃制品面板的基于有限元方法的数值模型,其中,样品的机械性能从前述步骤中得到;
将数值计算的结果与利用分析公式获得的那些进行比较,其中,夹层在分层玻璃制品内剪力传递中的参与用传递系数ω表述;
改变分析方程式中的传递系数ω,直到结果收敛;
通过连续迭代构造传递函数ω=f(E),其中,ω是传递系数,E是夹层的杨氏模量。
2.根据权利要求1所述的制造方法,其特征在于,所述温度在-20℃和+60℃之间变化。
3.根据权利要求1所述的制造方法,其特征在于,所述频率在5×10-7Hz和3×10-1之间变化。
4.一种在根据前述任一权利要求所述的方法中使用的夹层,其特征在于,在风载荷时间为3s并且所使用的温度位于0℃和20℃之间的情况下,如果:
-在0℃,E>8×108Pa;
-在10℃,E>3×108Pa;
-在20℃,E>1×108Pa,
则夹层被认为具有“结构性”功能。
5.一种在根据权利要求1至3中任一所述的方法中使用的夹层,其特征在于,在风载荷时间为3s并且所使用的温度位于0℃和20℃之间的情况下,如果:
-在0℃,E>1×108Pa并且E≤8×108Pa;
-在10℃,E>2×107Pa并且E≤3×108Pa;
-在20℃,E>5×106Pa并且E≤1×108Pa,
则夹层被认为具有“标准”功能。
6.一种在根据权利要求1至3中任一所述的方法中使用的夹层,其特征在于,在风载荷时间为3s并且所使用的温度位于0℃和20℃之间的情况下,如果:
-在0℃,E>1×107Pa并且E≤1×108Pa;
-在10℃,E>3×106Pa并且E≤2×107Pa;
-在20℃,E>5×105Pa并且E≤5×106Pa,
则夹层被认为具有“柔性或声学”功能。
7.一种分层玻璃制品,其特征在于,所述分层玻璃制品至少包括具有玻璃功能的第一基板(S1)和具有玻璃功能的第二基板(S2),所述基板(S1、S2)被使用根据权利要求4至6中任一所述的夹层分层。
8.一种分层玻璃制品,其特征在于,所述分层玻璃制品至少包括具有玻璃功能的第一基板和具有玻璃功能的第二基板,在所述基板之间插入片状夹层,其特征在于,所述分层玻璃制品被根据权利要求1至3中任一所述的制造方法制造而成。
Applications Claiming Priority (3)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
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FR0856642A FR2936511B1 (fr) | 2008-10-01 | 2008-10-01 | Procede de fabrication d'un vitrage feuillete |
FR0856642 | 2008-10-01 | ||
PCT/FR2009/051860 WO2010037973A1 (fr) | 2008-10-01 | 2009-09-30 | Procede de fabrication d'un vitrage feuillete |
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CN102171035A true CN102171035A (zh) | 2011-08-31 |
CN102171035B CN102171035B (zh) | 2014-08-06 |
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US (1) | US8683871B2 (zh) |
EP (1) | EP2344331B1 (zh) |
JP (1) | JP5764491B2 (zh) |
KR (1) | KR101698613B1 (zh) |
CN (1) | CN102171035B (zh) |
BR (1) | BRPI0919528B1 (zh) |
EA (1) | EA020640B1 (zh) |
ES (1) | ES2592879T3 (zh) |
FR (1) | FR2936511B1 (zh) |
MA (1) | MA32685B1 (zh) |
MX (1) | MX2011003291A (zh) |
PL (1) | PL2344331T3 (zh) |
PT (1) | PT2344331T (zh) |
WO (1) | WO2010037973A1 (zh) |
ZA (1) | ZA201102744B (zh) |
Cited By (1)
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CN109916738A (zh) * | 2019-03-06 | 2019-06-21 | 西北核技术研究所 | 夹层结构抗弯性能热损伤效应的测试系统与评估方法 |
Families Citing this family (6)
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FR2947257B1 (fr) * | 2009-06-30 | 2011-06-24 | Saint Gobain | Procede de fabrication d'un element de vitrage feuillete |
TWI547369B (zh) | 2011-05-27 | 2016-09-01 | 康寧公司 | 玻璃塑膠積層之裝置、處理線、及方法 |
JP5706054B2 (ja) * | 2013-02-18 | 2015-04-22 | 日本板硝子株式会社 | 合わせガラス、及びこれが取り付けられた取付構造体 |
MX2016012548A (es) * | 2014-03-31 | 2017-01-09 | Sekisui Chemical Co Ltd | Pelicula intermedia para vidrio laminado, y vidrio laminado. |
US20150347635A1 (en) * | 2014-05-27 | 2015-12-03 | E. I. Du Pont De Nemours And Company | Method of designing a strong lightweight laminate |
DE102014213850B4 (de) * | 2014-07-16 | 2018-01-18 | Bayerische Motoren Werke Aktiengesellschaft | Verfahren und Vorrichtung zum Bestimmen von Werkstoffeigenschaften |
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2008
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2009
- 2009-09-30 US US13/120,311 patent/US8683871B2/en active Active
- 2009-09-30 WO PCT/FR2009/051860 patent/WO2010037973A1/fr active Application Filing
- 2009-09-30 EA EA201170519A patent/EA020640B1/ru not_active IP Right Cessation
- 2009-09-30 PL PL09752433T patent/PL2344331T3/pl unknown
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- 2009-09-30 KR KR1020117007421A patent/KR101698613B1/ko active IP Right Grant
- 2009-09-30 EP EP09752433.4A patent/EP2344331B1/fr active Active
- 2009-09-30 BR BRPI0919528-9A patent/BRPI0919528B1/pt active IP Right Grant
- 2009-09-30 MX MX2011003291A patent/MX2011003291A/es active IP Right Grant
- 2009-09-30 CN CN200980138950.8A patent/CN102171035B/zh active Active
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FR2616908A1 (fr) * | 1987-06-16 | 1988-12-23 | Thomson Csf | Procede de mesure des parametres elastiques d'un materiau |
EP0844075A1 (fr) * | 1996-11-26 | 1998-05-27 | Saint-Gobain Vitrage | Vitrage feuilleté de protection acoustique pour véhicule |
WO2000048832A1 (en) * | 1999-02-20 | 2000-08-24 | Saint-Gobain Performance Plastics Corporation | Transparent acoustical and mechanical barrier |
CN101010192A (zh) * | 2004-09-16 | 2007-08-01 | 法国圣-戈班玻璃公司 | 结合在车辆的玻璃窗和车体之间的声阻尼条 |
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Cited By (2)
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CN109916738A (zh) * | 2019-03-06 | 2019-06-21 | 西北核技术研究所 | 夹层结构抗弯性能热损伤效应的测试系统与评估方法 |
CN109916738B (zh) * | 2019-03-06 | 2021-11-05 | 西北核技术研究所 | 夹层结构抗弯性能热损伤效应的测试系统与评估方法 |
Also Published As
Publication number | Publication date |
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JP2012504543A (ja) | 2012-02-23 |
MA32685B1 (fr) | 2011-10-02 |
EP2344331B1 (fr) | 2016-09-14 |
BRPI0919528A2 (pt) | 2015-12-08 |
EA020640B1 (ru) | 2014-12-30 |
WO2010037973A1 (fr) | 2010-04-08 |
FR2936511B1 (fr) | 2011-06-24 |
EP2344331A1 (fr) | 2011-07-20 |
CN102171035B (zh) | 2014-08-06 |
EA201170519A1 (ru) | 2011-08-30 |
JP5764491B2 (ja) | 2015-08-19 |
PL2344331T3 (pl) | 2017-03-31 |
US8683871B2 (en) | 2014-04-01 |
KR20110065486A (ko) | 2011-06-15 |
BRPI0919528B1 (pt) | 2020-03-24 |
MX2011003291A (es) | 2011-04-21 |
US20110200831A1 (en) | 2011-08-18 |
ZA201102744B (en) | 2011-12-28 |
KR101698613B1 (ko) | 2017-01-20 |
ES2592879T3 (es) | 2016-12-02 |
FR2936511A1 (fr) | 2010-04-02 |
PT2344331T (pt) | 2016-10-05 |
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