CN102169142A - Digital automatic compensation microwave radiometer - Google Patents

Digital automatic compensation microwave radiometer Download PDF

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Publication number
CN102169142A
CN102169142A CN2010105775840A CN201010577584A CN102169142A CN 102169142 A CN102169142 A CN 102169142A CN 2010105775840 A CN2010105775840 A CN 2010105775840A CN 201010577584 A CN201010577584 A CN 201010577584A CN 102169142 A CN102169142 A CN 102169142A
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China
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microwave
temperature
antenna
compensation
resistance
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刘宝江
董航
刘兆礼
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Northeast Institute of Geography and Agroecology of CAS
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Northeast Institute of Geography and Agroecology of CAS
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Abstract

The invention provides a digital automatic compensation microwave radiometer which comprises an antenna, a microwave switch, a total power microwave radiometer receiver, a digital automatic compensation system, a high-precision platinum resistor temperature detecting circuit, a temperature detecting platinum resistor of a microwave front-end component, a matching load and a temperature-detecting platinum resistor of the matching load, and a physical temperature detecting platinum resistor of the antenna, wherein a high-precision platinum resistor temperature detecting sensor is used for measuring the physical temperatures of the microwave front-end component, the microwave antenna and the microwave matching load in real time; and a computer is used for realizing two operation processes of system gain compensation and noise temperature compensation. By the digital automatic compensation microwave radiometer, the influence of gain fluctuation on the measuring precision and the influence of the uncertainty of the noise caused by the system noise temperature TREC, antenna and feeder loss L Eta on the measuring precision are eliminated, and an accurate luminance temperature value which directly reflects that the antenna of microwave radiometer receives a target noise signal TA can be provided. The microwave radiometer has the advantages of small volume, light weight and low power consumption, is capable of shortening the waiting time for starting up and is greatly convenient for user to use outdoors and transport.

Description

The automatic compensation microwave radiometer of a kind of numeral
Technical field
The invention belongs to the technology category of microwave remote sensing microwave radiometer, particularly relate to the automatic compensation microwave radiometer of a kind of numeral.
Background technology
The output voltage of a desirable microwave radiometer can be expressed as:
V out＝G S·(T′ A+T REC)(1)
Wherein, T ' ASignal temperature for microwave antenna output; T RECEffective noise temperature for receiver itself; G SBe system's full gain; V OutRepresent the radiometer output voltage of the signal temperature of microwave antenna output.See by formula (1), want to guarantee V OutCan accurately reflect T ' A, guarantee the accuracy of measurement of microwave radiometer must make G SAnd T RECRemain constant.
Be born from microwave radiometer, in order to eliminate system-gain G SThe influence of fluctuation, people have proposed the multiple technologies scheme.Particularly under the situation of computer nowadays widespread use, for make microwave radiometer have volume little, in light weight, be easy to make, and advantage such as power consumption and price be low, Changchun Institute of Geography Chinese Science Academy applied for " numeral is compensation microwave radiometer automatically " utility model patent (China Patent No. is ZL96220486.2) in 1996.Fig. 5 is the block diagram of the structure of the automatic compensation microwave radiometer of existing digital.Comprising: antenna (29), microwave switch (30), total power radiometer receiver (31), digital self compensating system (32) and constant temperature reference source (33) etc.Wherein digital self compensating system is finished system-gain compensation operation process (34).
Numeral is the principle of work of compensation microwave radiometer automatically: at first, under room temperature environment, connect constant temperature reference source (33), gather the output voltage V of total power microwave radiometer receiver (31) again by the A/D of digital compensation system by digital compensation system (32) controlled microwave switch (30) Out, this moment output voltage V Out=V TR=G S(T R+ T REC).With V TRAs reflected microwave radiometer system-gain G SStandard voltage value be deposited among the EPROM of digital compensation system; Secondly, the gain when microwave radiometer becomes G ' SThe time, by digital compensation system (32) controlled microwave switch (30), make microwave radiometer receiver (31) in compensation cycle, alternately connect constant temperature reference source (33) and antenna (29), the output voltage V of gathering microwave receiver again by the A/D of digital compensation system respectively Out=V ' TR=G ' S(T R+ T REC) and V Out=V ' TA=G ' S(T ' A+ T REC), and be deposited into respectively in the RAM storer of digital compensation system; At last, suppose the gain G of microwave radiometer in this compensation cycle ' SDo not change, so digital self compensating system carries out following compensation operation:
V TA＝(V TR/V′ TR)·V′ TA＝G S·(T′ A+T REC)(2)
Obtaining system-gain thus is G SCan express antenna output end signal T ' AAnd by the magnitude of voltage V of D/A output TAThereby, eliminated system-gain G SThe influence that fluctuation brings the systematic survey degree of accuracy.The compensation cycle here is meant microwave switch connection reference source and the antenna used temporal summation of system-gain under the situation that do not change; V TRBe the reference source magnitude of voltage of the receiver output before the system-gain fluctuation, V ' TRBe the reference source magnitude of voltage after the system-gain fluctuation, V ' TABe the magnitude of voltage of the antenna output after the system-gain fluctuation, G SAnd G ' SBe respectively before the fluctuation and the system-gain value after the fluctuation, T RAnd T ' ABe respectively the noise temperature value of the target of reference source and antenna output.
Generally, the microwave radiation meter systems can equivalence become a thermonoise system that is made up of microwave device.Obviously, do not consider the total noise of centrifuge temperature T in the technical scheme of " numeral is compensation microwave radiometer automatically " RECFluctuation and day, the feeder loss influence of bringing for the radiometer measurement degree of accuracy; In addition, numeral has automatically also been used constant temperature reference source (33) in the compensation microwave radiometer technical scheme, this just limited radiometer machine volume, weight and power consumption reduce degree.Simultaneously, numeral automatically compensation microwave radiometer also exist shortcomings such as start stabilization time is long.
Summary of the invention
In order to solve the problem that prior art exists, the invention provides the automatic compensation microwave radiometer of a kind of numeral.It has increased system noise temperature compensation technique scheme on the basis of Changchun Institute of Geography Chinese Science Academy's application in 1996 " numeral is compensation microwave radiometer automatically " technical scheme (China Patent No. is ZL96220486.2); Removed the constant temperature reference source in the former technical scheme, the matched load of using real-time measurement physical temperature instead is as the reference source; And optimized system-gain G SThe compensation operation scheme of fluctuation.Thereby solved the system noise temperature T that exists in " numeral is compensation microwave radiometer automatically " technical scheme RECThe uncertain influence of bringing for the radiometer measurement degree of accuracy of the noise temperature that causes with sky, feeder loss, and further reduced technological deficiencies such as volume, weight and the power consumption of radiometer complete machine and start stabilization time is long.
Fig. 1 is the block diagram of the structure of the automatic compensation microwave radiometer of a kind of numeral provided by the invention.
The automatic compensation microwave radiometer of a kind of numeral provided by the invention comprises antenna, microwave switch, total power microwave radiometer receiver and digital self compensating system, wherein also comprises thermometric platinum resistance, matched load thermometric platinum resistance, antenna physical temperature thermometric platinum resistance and the matched load of high precision measuring temperature circuit, microwave front end assemblies;
Described microwave front end assemblies is made up of total power microwave radiometer, microwave switch and microwave termination;
Described digital self compensating system also has system noise temperature compensation operation process except the system-gain compensation operation process of optimizing computing is arranged.
Fig. 2 is the block diagram of structure of the digital self compensating system of the automatic compensation microwave radiometer of a kind of numeral provided by the invention.
Described digital self compensating system comprises single-chip microcomputer, the EPROM program storage that is connected with single-chip microcomputer, RAM data-carrier store, D/A converter, digital watch, RS-232 communication interface and PC computing machine; And single-chip microcomputer also is connected with the A/D converter and the microwave switch of four passages; Different with the single channel A/D converter that uses in the prior art scheme is that technical scheme of the present invention has been used the A/D converter with four passages;
In addition, in the EPROM of digital self compensating system program storage, not only there is system-gain compensation operation process, also has noise temperature compensation operation process; The equivalent input noise temperature T of the key request microwave front end assemblies of noise temperature compensation operation RECWith its physical temperature T 1Between relation curve T REC(T 1) the total losses L of parameter and microwave antenna and feeder line ηParameter must accurately be measured, and the parameter that these measure is stored in the digital self compensating system EPROM program storage.
Fig. 4 is the Pt Resistance Temperature Measuring Circuit figure of the automatic compensation microwave radiometer of a kind of numeral provided by the invention.
The physical temperature T of described microwave front end assemblies 10, matched load 9 and antenna 1 1, T 2And T 3Temperature measurement circuit can adopt as shown in Figure 4 same a kind of circuit respectively;
As shown in Figure 4, temperature measurement circuit comprises LM317A three-terminal voltage regulator 21, resistance R 122, adjustable resistance R 223, pt100 platinum resistance R T24 and the single supply instrument with high precision operating amplifier AD62325, resistance R 326, capacitor C 127 and C 228 components and parts; Resistance R 122 with adjustable resistance R 223 connect; LM317A three-terminal voltage regulator 21 and adjustable resistance R 223, pt100 platinum resistance R T24 connect; The positive and negative terminal of high precision operating amplifier AD62325 respectively with pt100 platinum resistance R T24 two ends connect, high precision operating amplifier AD62325 and resistance R 326 two ends connect, high precision operating amplifier AD62325 also with capacitor C 127 and C 228 components and parts connect; The LM317A three-terminal voltage regulator 21 and the high precision operating amplifier AD62325 of temperature measurement circuit meet V respectively CC, the termination V of precision operations amplifier AD62325 0Wherein pt100 adopts the four-wire system platinum resistance.
Fig. 3 is the workflow diagram of the automatic compensation microwave radiometer of a kind of numeral provided by the invention.
After the microwave radiometer start, in a compensation cycle, its course of work comprises the steps:
Step 100, beginning, the single-chip microcomputer in the digital self compensating system is started working;
Step 101, by the A/D converter of four passages of Single-chip Controlling, acquisition time is by the physical temperature T of thermometric platinum resistance, matched load thermometric platinum resistance, antenna physical temperature thermometric platinum resistance, matched load and the antenna of high precision measuring temperature circuit, microwave front end assemblies 1, T 2And T 3Value;
Step 102 is with T 1, T 2And T 3Three tunnel physical temperature values are deposited in the RAM storer;
Step 103, single-chip microcomputer are extracted T from EPROM REC(T 1) parameter of curve, and from RAM, extract T 1Value;
Step 104 is calculated T REC(T 1) value, and the T that calculates REC(T 1) value is deposited among the RAM;
Step 105, in a compensation cycle, single-chip microcomputer is by control line controlled microwave switch connection matched load;
Step 106, the A/D converter of four passages of Single-chip Controlling is gathered the output voltage V of total power microwave radiometer receiver OutValue;
Step 107 makes V Out=V TR=G S[T 2+ T REC(T 1)], and be deposited among the RAM, here G SBe system-gain, T REC(T 1) be the effective noise temperature of microwave front end assemblies, T 1Be assemblies physical temperature, T 2Physical temperature for matched load;
Step 108, in same compensation cycle, single-chip microcomputer is by control line controlled microwave switch connection antenna output end;
Step 109, the A/D converter of four passages of Single-chip Controlling is gathered the output voltage V of total power microwave radiometer receiver OutValue;
Step 110 makes V Out=V TA=G S[T ' A+ T REC(T 1)], and be deposited among the RAM, here T ' ANoise temperature for antenna output end output;
Step 111, single-chip microcomputer extracts the parameter among EPROM and the RAM, directly calculates V TA/ V TR=m, and be deposited among the RAM, gain G eliminated SThe influence of fluctuation; Calculate T A=L η[mT 2+ (m-1) T REC(T 1)]+(1-L η) T 3, be deposited among the RAM, eliminate the influence of system noise temperature fluctuation, wherein, T 3Be the physical temperature of sky, feeder line, L ηTotal losses for sky, feeder line; Finally obtain direct reflected microwave antenna for radiometer receiving target signal T AAccurate brightness temperature value;
Step 112, the Single-chip Controlling digital watch directly shows T AValue;
Step 113 is by the RS-232 communication interface, with T AValue is sent to PC and shows;
Step 114, Single-chip Controlling D/A output simulation T AValue;
Is step 115 carried out next compensation cycle? continue to carry out, execution in step 101～114 once more, otherwise execution in step 116;
Step 116 finishes.
Steps such as the control in the above-mentioned steps, collection, storage, calculating, demonstration and communication can use the program of machine language establishment to finish in single-chip microcomputer, and steps such as storage wherein, calculating, demonstration and communication also can adopt the program of higher level lanquage establishment partly or entirely to finish in PC.In addition, compensation cycle wherein is identical with size with notion in " numeral automatically compensation microwave radiometer " utility model patent (China Patent No. is ZL96220486.2) technical scheme.
Beneficial effect: the automatic compensation microwave radiometer of a kind of numeral provided by the invention is measured the physical temperature of microwave front end assemblies, microwave antenna and microwave termination in real time by utilizing the high-precision platinum resistor temperature measuring sensor, and utilize computer implemented system gain compensation and two computing processes of noise temperature compensation, not only eliminated gain G SThe influence that fluctuation brings the microwave radiometer measuring accuracy, but also eliminated system noise temperature T RECAnd day, feeder loss L ηThe influence that the noise uncertainty that causes is brought to measuring accuracy, and finally provided direct reflected microwave antenna for radiometer receiving target signal T AAccurate brightness temperature value.Owing to do not use the constant temperature reference source in the art scheme of the automatic compensation microwave radiometer of a kind of numeral provided by the invention, therefore, volume, power consumption and the weight of microwave radiometer complete machine have further been reduced, shorten the stand-by period of radiometer start, be very easy to user's use and open-air transportation.
Description of drawings
Fig. 1 is the block diagram of the structure of the automatic compensation microwave radiometer of a kind of numeral provided by the invention.
Fig. 2 is the square frame of structure of the digital self compensating system of the automatic compensation microwave radiometer of a kind of numeral provided by the invention.
Fig. 3 is the workflow diagram of the automatic compensation microwave radiometer of a kind of numeral provided by the invention.
Fig. 4 is the Pt Resistance Temperature Measuring Circuit figure of the automatic compensation microwave radiometer of a kind of numeral provided by the invention.
Fig. 5 is the block diagram of the structure of the automatic compensation microwave radiometer of existing digital.
Embodiment
Embodiment 1:
The invention provides the automatic compensation microwave radiometer of a kind of numeral, it is on the basis of Changchun Institute of Geography Chinese Science Academy's application in 1996 " numeral is compensation microwave radiometer automatically " technical scheme (China Patent No. is ZL96220486.2), and the present invention has increased system noise temperature compensation technique scheme; Removed the constant temperature reference source in the former technical scheme, the matched load of using real-time measurement physical temperature instead is as the reference source; And optimized system-gain G SThe compensation operation scheme of fluctuation.
Fig. 1 is the block diagram of the structure of the automatic compensation microwave radiometer of a kind of numeral provided by the invention.
The automatic compensation microwave radiometer of a kind of numeral provided by the invention comprises antenna 1, microwave switch 2, total power microwave radiometer receiver 3 and digital self compensating system 4, wherein also comprises thermometric platinum resistance 6, matched load thermometric platinum resistance 7, antenna physical temperature thermometric platinum resistance 8 and the matched load 9 of high precision measuring temperature circuit 5, microwave front end assemblies 10;
Described microwave front end assemblies 10 is made up of total power microwave radiometer 3, microwave switch 2 and microwave termination 9;
Described digital self compensating system also has system noise temperature compensation operation process 12 except the system-gain compensation operation process 11 of optimizing computing is arranged.
Fig. 2 is the block diagram of structure of the digital self compensating system of the automatic compensation microwave radiometer of a kind of numeral provided by the invention.
Described digital self compensating system comprises single-chip microcomputer 14, the EPROM program storage 15 that is connected with single-chip microcomputer 14, RAM data-carrier store 16, D/A converter 17, digital watch 18, RS-232 communication interface 19 and PC computing machine 20; And single-chip microcomputer 14 also is connected with the A/D converter 13 and the microwave switch of four passages; Different with the single channel A/D converter that uses in the prior art scheme is that technical scheme of the present invention has been used the A/D converter (13) with four passages;
In addition, in the EPROM of digital self compensating system program storage 15, not only there is system-gain compensation operation process 11, also has noise temperature compensation operation process 12; The equivalent input noise temperature T of the key request microwave front end assemblies 10 of noise temperature compensation operation RECWith its physical temperature T 1Between relation curve T REC(T 1) the total losses L of parameter and microwave antenna and feeder line ηParameter must accurately be measured, and the parameter that these measure is stored in the digital self compensating system EPROM program storage 15.
Fig. 3 is the workflow diagram of the automatic compensation microwave radiometer of a kind of numeral provided by the invention.
After the microwave radiometer start, in a compensation cycle, its course of work comprises the steps:
Step 100, beginning, the single-chip microcomputer 14 in the digital self compensating system 4 is started working;
Step 101, by the A/D converter of four passages of Single-chip Controlling, acquisition time is by the physical temperature T of thermometric platinum resistance 6, matched load thermometric platinum resistance 7, antenna physical temperature thermometric platinum resistance 8, matched load 9 and the antenna 1 of high precision measuring temperature circuit 5, microwave front end assemblies 1, T 2And T 3Value;
Step 102 is with T 1, T 2And T 3Three tunnel physical temperature values are deposited in the RAM storer 16;
Step 103, single-chip microcomputer are extracted T from EPROM REC(T 1) parameter of curve, and from RAM, extract T 1Value;
Step 104 is calculated T REC(T 1) value, and the T that calculates REC(T 1) value is deposited among the RAM;
Step 105, in a compensation cycle, single-chip microcomputer is by control line controlled microwave switch connection matched load;
Step 106, the A/D converter 13 of four passages of Single-chip Controlling is gathered the output voltage V of total power microwave radiometer receiver OutValue;
Step 107 makes V Out=V TR=G S[T 2+ T REC(T 1)], and be deposited among the RAM, here G SBe system-gain, T REC(T 1) be the effective noise temperature of microwave front end assemblies, T 1Be assemblies physical temperature, T 2Physical temperature for matched load;
Step 108, in same compensation cycle, single-chip microcomputer is by control line controlled microwave switch connection antenna output end;
Step 109, the A/D converter 13 of four passages of Single-chip Controlling is gathered the output voltage V of total power microwave radiometer receiver OutValue;
Step 110 makes V Out=V TA=G S[T ' A+ T REC(T 1)], and be deposited among the RAM, here T ' ANoise temperature for antenna output end output;
Step 111, single-chip microcomputer extracts the parameter among EPROM and the RAM, directly calculates V TA/ V TR=m, and be deposited among the RAM, gain G eliminated SThe influence of fluctuation; Calculate T A=L η[mT 2+ (m-1) T REC(T 1)]+(1-L η) T 3, be deposited among the RAM, eliminate the influence of system noise temperature fluctuation, wherein, T 3Be the physical temperature of sky, feeder line, L ηTotal losses for sky, feeder line; Finally obtain direct reflected microwave antenna for radiometer receiving target signal T AAccurate brightness temperature value;
Step 112, the Single-chip Controlling digital watch directly shows T AValue;
Step 113 is by the RS-232 communication interface, with T AValue is sent to PC and shows;
Step 114, Single-chip Controlling D/A output simulation T AValue;
Is step 115 carried out next compensation cycle? continue to carry out, execution in step 101～114 once more, otherwise execution in step 116;
Step 116 finishes.
Steps such as the control in the above-mentioned steps, collection, storage, calculating, demonstration and communication can use the program of machine language establishment to finish in single-chip microcomputer, and steps such as storage wherein, calculating, demonstration and communication also can adopt the program of higher level lanquage establishment partly or entirely to finish in PC.In addition, compensation cycle wherein is identical with size with notion in " numeral automatically compensation microwave radiometer " utility model patent (China Patent No. is ZL96220486.2) technical scheme.
In the present embodiment, the effective noise temperature T of microwave front end assemblies REC(T 1) parameter of curve measures the T of four wave bands wherein in-40～+ 50 ℃ of ambient temperature ranges REC(T 1) parameter of curve is to obtain by least square fitting:
6.6GHz：T REC(T 1)＝T 1·(3.3679×10 -5T 1 2-1.5217×10 -2T 1+2.5021)；
19.35GHz：T REC(T 1)＝T 1·(-1.1328×10 -5T 1 2+1.3701×10 -2T 1-1.5556)；
23.8GHz：T REC(T 1))＝T 1·(3.1620×10 -4T 1 2-1.7123×10 -1T 1+25.694)；
37GHz：T REC(T 1)＝T 1·(1.3123×10 -4T 1 2-6.3030×10 -2T 1+10.261)。
Find out different its T of microwave front end assemblies thus REC(T 1) have different parameters of curve, therefore the automatic compensation microwave radiometer of a kind of numeral provided by the invention requires concrete microwave front end assemblies is carried out concrete temperature survey, to obtain T accurately REC(T 1) parameter of curve.
Fig. 4 is the Pt Resistance Temperature Measuring Circuit figure of the automatic compensation microwave radiometer of a kind of numeral provided by the invention.
The physical temperature T of described microwave front end assemblies 10, matched load 9 and antenna 1 1, T 2And T 3Temperature measurement circuit can adopt as shown in Figure 4 same a kind of circuit respectively;
As shown in Figure 4, temperature measurement circuit comprises LM317A three-terminal voltage regulator 21, resistance R 122, adjustable resistance R 223, pt100 platinum resistance R T24 and the single supply instrument with high precision operating amplifier AD62325, resistance R 326, capacitor C 127 and C 228 components and parts; Resistance R 122 with adjustable resistance R 223 connect; LM317A three-terminal voltage regulator 21 and adjustable resistance R 223, pt100 platinum resistance R T24 connect; The positive and negative terminal of high precision operating amplifier AD62325 respectively with pt100 platinum resistance R T24 two ends connect, high precision operating amplifier AD62325 and resistance R 326 two ends connect, high precision operating amplifier AD62325 also with capacitor C 127 and C 228 components and parts connect; The LM317A three-terminal voltage regulator 21 and the high precision operating amplifier AD62325 of temperature measurement circuit meet V respectively CC, the termination V of precision operations amplifier AD62325 0Wherein pt100 adopts the four-wire system platinum resistance.
In-40～+ 50 ℃ of ambient temperature ranges, guaranteeing for reducing the complexity of single-chip microcomputer computing, to get the linear segment R of pt100 platinum resistance on the basis of temperature measurement accuracy ± 0.1 ℃ T=100 * (1+0.00390802t) calculate, and wherein t is a Celsius temperature.Its temperature-measurement principle is: by LM317A voltage stabilizer 21, resistance R 122 and potentiometer R 223 constant current sources that constitute are given the power supply of pt100 platinum resistance.Get R 3The nominal resistance of=16k Ω is utilized the discretization error of resistance itself, and the enlargement factor of AD623 is controlled at about 7.25.The working current of pt100 platinum resistance is adjusted R less than 5mA 2Making the electric current that flows through pt100 is about 3.53mA, finally can make the output voltage V of AD623 thus o=2.56+t/100.This is the single-chip microcomputer deal with data condition of providing convenience.Work as V CCGet+during 5V, R 1Can adopt the nominal resistance of 180 Ω, R 2Can adopt the precision resistor of 200 Ω.In order to guarantee temperature measurement accuracy, above-mentioned resistance need adopt the metalfilmresistor of temperature stabilization.Capacitor C 1And C 2Can adopt the leaded multilayer ceramic capacitor of 0.1 μ F and the electrochemical capacitor of 10 μ F respectively, with effective elimination noise jamming.
Owing to can be filled with heat-conducting silicone grease with microwave front end assemblies 10 component internal of forming by microwave radiometer receiver 3, microwave switch 2 and microwave termination 9, whole assembly has good temperature homogeneity, thereby the physical temperature of receiver 3 and matched load 9 T that is consistent substantially 1=T 2, can reduce by a drive test temperature in the automatic compensation microwave radiometer technical scheme of a kind of numeral provided by the invention for this reason.Single-chip microcomputer 14 among Fig. 2 can use 51 general series monolithics; The A/D converter 13 of four passages can adopt AD7777 four-way 10-bit high-speed converters.Other device such as EPROM, RAM, D/A converter and digital wash etc. do not have special requirement, can use the general-purpose device on the market.
The system-gain compensation V of the automatic compensation microwave radiometer of a kind of numeral provided by the invention A/ V R=m and system noise temperature compensation T A=L η[mT 2+ (m-1) T REC(T 1)]+(1-L η) T 3Two computing processes 11 and 12, and the conversion V of temperature o=2.56+t/100 computing process can directly use machine language to work out in single-chip microcomputer, also can work out data transmission with higher level lanquage in the PC computing machine by the RS-232 communication interface again and finish.

Claims (3)

1. automatic compensation microwave radiometer of numeral, it is characterized in that comprising antenna (1), microwave switch (2), total power microwave radiometer receiver (3) and digital self compensating system (4), also comprise thermometric platinum resistance (6), matched load (9) and the thermometric platinum resistance (7) thereof of platinum resistance high precision measuring temperature circuit (5), microwave front end assemblies (10), the physical temperature thermometric platinum resistance (8) of antenna (1);
Described microwave switch (2) is connected with antenna (1), total power microwave radiometer receiver (3) and matched load (9), and microwave switch (2) also is connected with digital self compensating system (4); The physical temperature thermometric platinum resistance (8) of platinum resistance high precision measuring temperature circuit (5) and digital self compensating system (4), antenna (1), the thermometric platinum resistance (6) of microwave front end assemblies (10), the thermometric platinum resistance (7) of matched load (9) are connected;
Described total power microwave radiometer (3), microwave switch (2) and microwave termination (9) are formed microwave front end assemblies (10);
The formation of described digital self compensating system (4) comprises single-chip microcomputer (14), and the A/D converter (13) and the microwave switch (2) of the EPROM program storage (15) that is connected with single-chip microcomputer (14), RAM data-carrier store (16), D/A converter (17), digital watch (18), RS-232 communication interface (19), PC computing machine (20), four passages;
In the EPROM of digital self compensating system program storage (15), there is system-gain compensation V A/ V RThe computing process (11) of=m and system noise temperature compensation T A=L η[mT 2+ (m-1) T REC(T 1)]+(1-L η) T 3Computing process (12); Equivalent input noise temperature T at digital self compensating system EPROM program storage (15) stored microwave front end assemblies (10) RECWith its physical temperature T 1Between relation curve T REC(T 1) and the total losses L of microwave antenna and feeder line ηMeasurement parameter.
2. the automatic compensation microwave radiometer of a kind of numeral as claimed in claim 1 is characterized in that, described system-gain compensation V A/ V RThe computing process (11) of=m and system noise temperature compensation T A=L η[mT 2+ (m-1) T REC(T 1)]+(1-L η) T 3Computing process (12), and the conversion V of temperature o=2.56+t/100 computing process directly uses machine language to work out in single-chip microcomputer, perhaps, by the RS-232 communication interface data transmission is worked out with higher level lanquage in the PC computing machine again and to be finished.
3. the automatic compensation microwave radiometer of a kind of numeral as claimed in claim 1 is characterized in that, the physical temperature T of described microwave front end assemblies (10), matched load (9) and antenna (1) 1, T 2And T 3Temperature measurement circuit adopt following same a kind of circuit respectively:
Described temperature measurement circuit comprises LM317A three-terminal voltage regulator (21), resistance R 1(22), adjustable resistance R 2(23), pt100 platinum resistance R T(24) and the single supply instrument with high precision operating amplifier AD623 (25), resistance R 3(26), C 1(27) and capacitor C 2(28); Resistance R 1(22) with adjustable resistance R 2(23) connect; LM317A three-terminal voltage regulator (21) and adjustable resistance R 2(23), pt100 platinum resistance R T(24) connect; The positive and negative terminal of high precision operating amplifier AD623 (25) respectively with pt100 platinum resistance R T(24) two ends connect, high precision operating amplifier AD623 (25) and resistance R 3(26) two ends connect, high precision operating amplifier AD623 (25) also be connected; The LM317A three-terminal voltage regulator (21) and the high precision operating amplifier AD623 (25) of temperature measurement circuit meet V respectively CC, the termination V of precision operations amplifier AD62325 0Pt100 platinum resistance R wherein T(24) adopt the four-wire system platinum resistance.
CN2010105775840A 2010-12-08 2010-12-08 Digital automatic compensation microwave radiometer Pending CN102169142A (en)

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Cited By (5)

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CN102680803A (en) * 2012-05-04 2012-09-19 华中科技大学 Real-time monitoring microwave dicke radiometer based on reference load temperature
CN104634455A (en) * 2015-02-12 2015-05-20 电子科技大学 Multi-channel radiometer system front end and control method of consistency thereof
CN104714572A (en) * 2015-01-05 2015-06-17 中国电子科技集团公司第二十二研究所 High-precision constant temperature control method for microwave radiometer
CN105607047A (en) * 2016-01-27 2016-05-25 中国科学院东北地理与农业生态研究所 One-time storage calibration type microwave radiometer and realization method thereof
CN112904335A (en) * 2021-02-04 2021-06-04 中国科学院东北地理与农业生态研究所 Unmanned aerial vehicle carries Ka band microwave radiometer system

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CN102680803A (en) * 2012-05-04 2012-09-19 华中科技大学 Real-time monitoring microwave dicke radiometer based on reference load temperature
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CN105607047B (en) * 2016-01-27 2018-03-13 中国科学院东北地理与农业生态研究所 Disposable storage demarcation type microwave radiometer and its implementation
CN112904335A (en) * 2021-02-04 2021-06-04 中国科学院东北地理与农业生态研究所 Unmanned aerial vehicle carries Ka band microwave radiometer system

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Application publication date: 20110831