CN112444671A - Electric energy metering method and device of electric energy meter based on instantaneous power and storage medium - Google Patents

Electric energy metering method and device of electric energy meter based on instantaneous power and storage medium Download PDF

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Publication number
CN112444671A
CN112444671A CN202011166109.4A CN202011166109A CN112444671A CN 112444671 A CN112444671 A CN 112444671A CN 202011166109 A CN202011166109 A CN 202011166109A CN 112444671 A CN112444671 A CN 112444671A
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China
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electric energy
sampling value
instantaneous power
instantaneous
current sampling
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曾春山
闫垚峰
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Shenzhen Clou Precision Instrument Co Ltd
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Shenzhen Clou Precision Instrument Co Ltd
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    • GPHYSICS
    • G01MEASURING; TESTING
    • G01RMEASURING ELECTRIC VARIABLES; MEASURING MAGNETIC VARIABLES
    • G01R22/00Arrangements for measuring time integral of electric power or current, e.g. electricity meters
    • G01R22/06Arrangements for measuring time integral of electric power or current, e.g. electricity meters by electronic methods
    • G01R22/10Arrangements for measuring time integral of electric power or current, e.g. electricity meters by electronic methods using digital techniques
    • GPHYSICS
    • G01MEASURING; TESTING
    • G01RMEASURING ELECTRIC VARIABLES; MEASURING MAGNETIC VARIABLES
    • G01R21/00Arrangements for measuring electric power or power factor
    • G01R21/06Arrangements for measuring electric power or power factor by measuring current and voltage
    • GPHYSICS
    • G01MEASURING; TESTING
    • G01RMEASURING ELECTRIC VARIABLES; MEASURING MAGNETIC VARIABLES
    • G01R21/00Arrangements for measuring electric power or power factor
    • G01R21/127Arrangements for measuring electric power or power factor by using pulse modulation
    • GPHYSICS
    • G01MEASURING; TESTING
    • G01RMEASURING ELECTRIC VARIABLES; MEASURING MAGNETIC VARIABLES
    • G01R21/00Arrangements for measuring electric power or power factor
    • G01R21/133Arrangements for measuring electric power or power factor by using digital technique

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Power Engineering (AREA)
  • Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • General Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Measurement Of Current Or Voltage (AREA)

Abstract

The invention relates to an electric energy metering method of an electric energy meter based on instantaneous power, which comprises the following steps: reading a voltage sampling value of a sampling point, reading a current sampling value of the sampling point, and calculating the voltage sampling value and the current sampling value through an instantaneous power formula to obtain the real-time instantaneous power of the sampling point; and converting the instantaneous power into an instantaneous electric energy pulse signal by using a pulse frequency calculation formula, and outputting the instantaneous electric energy pulse signal to a PWM (pulse width modulation) counter, so that the PWM counter updates the count value in real time. The invention can replace the traditional method of measuring electric energy by adopting an average power method, measures electric energy and outputs pulses through instantaneous power, dynamically updates the electric energy data of the real-time electric energy meter, has high response speed and can reach microsecond us level.

Description

Electric energy metering method and device of electric energy meter based on instantaneous power and storage medium
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of electric measurement, in particular to an electric energy metering method of an electric energy meter based on instantaneous power.
Background
The accurate measurement of the electric energy is an important link of production, operation and management of electric power enterprises and the economy and stable operation of a power grid, and is a basic guarantee for the power grid company to develop electric energy fair trade. The current electric energy metering device mainly adopts an average power method to meter electric energy, the updating speed of electric quantity data is slow, the metering power at the current moment is the average power of the last integration period, the change of the current signal cannot be tracked in real time, and the lag is 60ms at least according to the current standard. Therefore, the existing electric energy metering device has the following defects: the method for measuring the electric energy by adopting the traditional average power method has the problems of large electric energy error, inconsistency with the actual working condition, more or less meters, and slow response speed which cannot reach the microsecond us level.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention provides an electric energy metering method of an electric energy meter based on instantaneous power, which aims to solve the problems of low electric energy data updating speed, low response speed and low electric energy metering accuracy of the traditional electric energy metering device.
In order to solve the technical problem, the invention provides an electric energy metering method of an electric energy meter based on instantaneous power, which comprises the following steps:
s1, reading a voltage sampling value of a sampling point;
s2, reading a current sampling value of a sampling point;
s3, calculating the voltage sampling value and the current sampling value through an instantaneous power formula to obtain instantaneous power;
s4, converting the instantaneous power into an instantaneous electric energy pulse signal by using a pulse frequency calculation formula and outputting the instantaneous power;
and S5, outputting the instantaneous electric energy pulse signal to a PWM counter, and enabling the PWM counter to update the count value in real time.
Preferably, in S3, the instantaneous power formula is p ═ u × i, where: u represents a voltage sampling value read by a current sampling point; and i represents the current sampling value read by the current sampling point, and the current instantaneous power p is obtained by multiplying the voltage sampling value u by the current sampling value i through an instantaneous power formula.
Preferably, in S3, calibrating the voltage sample value and the current sample value; and multiplying the voltage sampling value by a voltage calibration coefficient to obtain a calibrated voltage sampling value, multiplying the current sampling value by the voltage calibration coefficient to obtain a calibrated current sampling value, and multiplying the calibrated voltage sampling value by the current sampling value to obtain the instantaneous power of the current sampling point.
Preferably, in S3, phase compensation is further included for the instantaneous power.
Preferably, in S4, the pulse frequency calculation formula is f ═ p × c ÷ 3600000, where: p is the current instantaneous power, c is the pulse constant; in the pulse frequency calculation, the pulse constant c is automatically called and converted into an instantaneous electric energy pulse signal by using a pulse frequency calculation formula and the instantaneous electric energy pulse signal is output to a PWM counter.
In order to solve the technical problem, the invention provides an electric energy metering device of an electric energy meter, which comprises a reading module, a power calculating module, a phase compensating module, a pulse frequency module and a PWM counter, wherein the reading module is used for reading the electric energy of the electric energy meter; the pulse frequency module converts the instantaneous power into an instantaneous electric energy pulse signal by using a pulse frequency calculation formula and outputs the instantaneous electric energy pulse signal to the PWM counter.
Preferably, the power calculation module further comprises calibrating the voltage sampling value and the current sampling value; and multiplying the voltage sampling value by a voltage calibration coefficient to obtain a calibrated voltage sampling value, multiplying the current sampling value by the voltage calibration coefficient to obtain a calibrated current sampling value, and multiplying the calibrated voltage sampling value by the current sampling value to obtain the instantaneous power of the current sampling point.
Preferably, it further comprises a phase compensation module for phase compensating the instantaneous power.
In order to solve the above technical problem, the present invention provides a storage medium having a computer program stored thereon, wherein the computer program, when executed by a processor, implements the steps of the method for metering electric energy of instantaneous power.
The beneficial effects are that: the invention can replace the traditional method of measuring electric energy by adopting an average power method, measures electric energy and outputs pulses through instantaneous power, dynamically updates the electric energy data of the real-time electric energy meter, has high response speed and can reach microsecond us level; meanwhile, the obtained instantaneous power can be calibrated and phase-compensated to improve the detection accuracy.
Drawings
Fig. 1 is a flow chart of electric energy metering of an electric energy meter according to an embodiment of the invention.
Detailed Description
To facilitate an understanding of the invention, the invention will now be described more fully with reference to the accompanying drawings. Preferred embodiments of the present invention are shown in the drawings. This invention may, however, be embodied in many different forms and should not be construed as limited to the embodiments set forth herein. Rather, these embodiments are provided so that this disclosure will be thorough and complete.
It will be understood that when an element is referred to as being "secured to" another element, it can be directly on the other element or intervening elements may also be present. When an element is referred to as being "connected" to another element, it can be directly connected to the other element or intervening elements may also be present.
Unless defined otherwise, all technical and scientific terms used herein have the same meaning as commonly understood by one of ordinary skill in the art to which this invention belongs. The terminology used in the description of the invention herein is for the purpose of describing particular embodiments only and is not intended to be limiting of the invention.
When the electric quantity of the existing electric energy meter is calculated, the second average power is mainly adopted for calculation, but the second average power is not collected when the electric energy meter is just loaded, so that the electric energy meter cannot measure the electric energy before the second average power is collected for the first time, and the electric quantity of the electric energy meter at the initial loading stage is slowly updated. And the measured power at the current moment is the average power of the last integration period, so that the change of the current signal cannot be tracked in real time, and the lag is 60ms at least according to the current standard. The invention mainly measures electric energy and outputs pulses through instantaneous power, and dynamically updates electric energy data of the electric energy meter in real time.
As shown in fig. 1, to solve the technical problems in the prior art, an embodiment of the present invention provides an electric energy meter, including:
s1, reading a voltage sampling value of a sampling point;
s2, reading a current sampling value of a sampling point;
s3, calculating the voltage sampling value and the current sampling value through an instantaneous power formula to obtain instantaneous power;
specifically, analog-to-digital conversion is carried out on a voltage signal and a current signal of a sampling point to obtain a voltage sampling value u and a current sampling value i of a corresponding digital result; and multiplying the voltage sampling value u and the current sampling value i to obtain the instantaneous power p. Wherein, the instantaneous power formula is p ═ u × i, where: u represents a voltage sampling value read by a current sampling point; i represents a current sampling value read by a current sampling point, the current instantaneous power p is obtained by multiplying a voltage sampling value u by the current sampling value i through an instantaneous power formula, and the instantaneous power p is obtained by the calculation of the steps
To be used as a data basis for electric energy metering.
In this embodiment, in order to improve the accuracy of detection, the error of the power measurement value needs to be calibrated. In S3, calibrating the voltage and current sampling values; more specifically, the voltage sampling value is multiplied by the voltage calibration coefficient to obtain a calibrated voltage sampling value, the current sampling value is multiplied by the voltage calibration coefficient to obtain a calibrated current sampling value, and the calibrated voltage sampling value and the calibrated current sampling value are multiplied to obtain the instantaneous power p of the current sampling point. For the above, for example: the voltage sampling value is 12V, the current sampling value is 10A, the voltage calibration coefficient is 0.98, and the current calibration coefficient is 1.05, wherein the above voltage calibration coefficient and current calibration coefficient, i.e., p is 10 × 12 × 1.05 × 0.98, is 123.48(W), are obtained through standard equipment calibration; the accuracy of the measurement can be improved by calibrating the power measurement error so that the instantaneous power is maximally close to the ideal sampled instantaneous power.
In S3, phase compensation for the obtained instantaneous power is also included. In order to obtain high-precision instantaneous power, it is required to accurately ensure that the read voltage sampling value u and the read current sampling value i are at the same moment. However, the actual voltage and current values of the sampling points are asynchronous with the read values, a certain phase difference exists, the angle of the measured power is affected if phase compensation is not performed, and therefore errors exist in instantaneous power measurement. To illustrate the above, if the phase compensation value is 1.5 ° (the phase compensation value is also obtained by calibration of standard equipment), the compensated power P is 123.48 × cos1.5 — 123.48 × 0.99966 — 123.44 (W).
S4, converting the instantaneous power after phase compensation into an instantaneous electric energy pulse signal by using a pulse frequency calculation formula and outputting the instantaneous electric energy pulse signal; in S4, the pulse frequency calculation formula is f ═ (p × c) ÷ 3600000; p is the current instantaneous power in W; c is a pulse constant in imp/kWh; since k is 1000 and h is 3600 seconds in the pulse constant unit, the division by 3600000 is converted by the unit, and the pulse interval time of the output of the electric energy meter is 1/f. That is, in the pulse frequency calculation, the pulse constant c is automatically called and converted into an instantaneous electric energy pulse signal by using a pulse frequency calculation formula, and the instantaneous electric energy pulse signal is output to the PWM counter.
And S5, outputting the instantaneous electric energy pulse signal to a PWM counter, and enabling the PWM counter to update the count value in real time and accumulate to obtain the electric quantity value.
In order to further explain that the electric energy metering method of the electric energy meter of the embodiment can accelerate the electric energy updating speed of the electric energy meter, the following specific examples are described:
the metering method of the embodiment uses a 180MHz clock STM32F429 processor to realize power and electric energy measurement:
assuming that the signal frequency is 50Hz and the sampling rate is 12.8kHz, the sampling point of each cycle is 256 points, and the sampling interval of each point is 1000000 ÷ 12800 ═ 78.125 us/point;
for the above assumptions, the processor is required to complete the instantaneous power calculation and power pulse output update in 78.125us, as follows:
reading a voltage sampling value u of a sampling point, wherein 2 periods are needed for completion;
reading a current sampling value i of a sampling point, wherein 2 periods are needed for completion;
calculating a voltage sampling value u and a current sampling value i to obtain instantaneous power p, wherein the voltage sampling value u and the current sampling value i are multiplied by a voltage calibration coefficient and a current calibration coefficient to obtain the instantaneous power p, and 8 periods are needed for completion;
the instantaneous power is subjected to phase compensation p, which needs 8 cycles to complete;
instantaneous power pulse calculation, wherein f is (p × c) ÷ 3600000, wherein c is a pulse constant and needs 8 cycles to complete;
updating the count value of the PWM counter requires 8 cycles to complete.
From the above process, 32 clock cycles are required for instantaneous power metering and instantaneous pulse update. In the embodiment, taking an STM32F429 processor as an example, a clock is 180MHz, each clock cycle takes 6ns, and 32 clock cycles take within 1us, so that the above scheme can implement dynamic pulse update within a time interval of 78.125 us.
In addition, in order to realize quick response of the sampling value, the interruption of each voltage + each current sampling value is designed to be completed, and the metering process is continued after the interruption program.
From the above analysis, the present invention not only has fast response speed, but also meets the actual working condition of the signal, and can be realized technically.
In order to solve the technical problem, the invention provides an electric energy metering device of an electric energy meter, which comprises a reading module, a power calculating module, a phase compensating module, a pulse frequency module and a PWM counter, wherein the reading module is used for reading the electric energy of the electric energy meter; the reading module is used for periodically reading a voltage sampling value and a current sampling value of a sampling point, and the power calculation module calculates the instantaneous power of the sampling point according to the voltage sampling value and the current sampling value read by the reading module and through an instantaneous power formula. The pulse frequency module converts instantaneous power into an instantaneous electric energy pulse signal by using a pulse frequency calculation formula and outputs the instantaneous electric energy pulse signal to the PWM counter, so that the PWM counter updates the count value in real time.
In the embodiment of the invention, the power calculation module also comprises a calibration module for calibrating the voltage sampling value and the current sampling value; specifically, the voltage sampling value is multiplied by a voltage calibration coefficient to obtain a calibrated voltage sampling value, the current sampling value is multiplied by a voltage calibration coefficient to obtain a calibrated current sampling value, and the calibrated voltage sampling value and the calibrated current sampling value are multiplied to obtain the instantaneous power of the current sampling point.
In the embodiment of the invention, the electric energy metering device of the electric energy meter further comprises a phase compensation module, and the phase compensation module is used for performing phase compensation on instantaneous power.
In order to solve the above technical problem, the present invention provides a storage medium having a computer program stored thereon, wherein the computer program, when executed by a processor, implements the steps of the method for metering electric energy of instantaneous power. It should be noted that: the storage medium includes: various media that can store program codes, such as ROM, RAM, magnetic or optical disks.
The technical features of the above embodiments can be arbitrarily combined, and for the sake of brevity, all possible combinations of the technical features in the above embodiments are not described, but should be considered as the scope of the present specification as long as there is no contradiction between the combinations of the technical features.
The above examples only express preferred embodiments of the present invention, and the description thereof is more specific and detailed, but not construed as limiting the scope of the invention. It should be noted that, for a person skilled in the art, several variations and modifications can be made without departing from the inventive concept, which falls within the scope of the present invention. Therefore, the protection scope of the present patent shall be subject to the appended claims.

Claims (9)

1. An electric energy metering method of an electric energy meter based on instantaneous power is characterized in that: the metering method comprises the following steps:
s1, reading a voltage sampling value of a sampling point;
s2, reading a current sampling value of a sampling point;
s3, calculating the voltage sampling value and the current sampling value through a preset instantaneous power formula to obtain real-time instantaneous power of a sampling point;
s4, converting the instantaneous power into an instantaneous electric energy pulse signal by using a preset pulse frequency calculation formula and outputting the instantaneous power;
and S5, outputting the instantaneous electric energy pulse signal to a PWM counter, and enabling the PWM counter to update the count value in real time.
2. The instantaneous power-based dynamic power metering method of claim 1, wherein: in S3, the instantaneous power formula is p ═ u × i, where: u represents a voltage sampling value read by a current sampling point; and i represents a current sampling value read by the current sampling point, and the instantaneous power p is obtained by multiplying the voltage sampling value u by the current sampling value i through an instantaneous power formula.
3. The instantaneous power-based electric energy meter electric energy metering method according to claim 2, characterized in that: in S3, calibrating the voltage and current sampling values; and multiplying the voltage sampling value by a voltage calibration coefficient to obtain a calibrated voltage sampling value, multiplying the current sampling value by the voltage calibration coefficient to obtain a calibrated current sampling value, and multiplying the calibrated voltage sampling value by the current sampling value to obtain the instantaneous power of the current sampling point.
4. The instantaneous power-based electric energy meter electric energy metering method according to claim 2, characterized in that: in S3, phase compensation is performed on the instantaneous power.
5. The instantaneous power-based electric energy meter electric energy metering method according to claim 1, characterized in that: in S4, the pulse frequency calculation formula is f ═ (p × c) ÷ 3600000, where: p is the current instantaneous power, c is the pulse constant; in the pulse frequency calculation, the pulse constant c is automatically called and converted into an instantaneous electric energy pulse signal by using a pulse frequency calculation formula and the instantaneous electric energy pulse signal is output to a PWM counter.
6. The utility model provides an electric energy meter electric energy metering device which characterized in that: the device comprises a reading module, a power calculation module, a phase compensation module, a pulse frequency module and a PWM counter; the pulse frequency module converts the instantaneous power into an instantaneous electric energy pulse signal by using a pulse frequency calculation formula and outputs the instantaneous electric energy pulse signal to the PWM counter.
7. The electric energy metering device of the electric energy meter according to claim 6, characterized in that: the power calculation module is also used for calibrating the voltage sampling value and the current sampling value; and multiplying the voltage sampling value by a voltage calibration coefficient to obtain a calibrated voltage sampling value, multiplying the current sampling value by the voltage calibration coefficient to obtain a calibrated current sampling value, and multiplying the calibrated voltage sampling value by the current sampling value to obtain the instantaneous power of the current sampling point.
8. The electric energy metering device of the electric energy meter according to claim 6, characterized in that: the power supply system further comprises a phase compensation module, wherein the phase compensation module is used for performing phase compensation on the instantaneous power.
9. A storage medium having a computer program stored thereon, the computer program comprising: the computer program, when executed by a processor, implements the steps of the method for metering instantaneous power in electrical energy according to any one of claims 1 to 5.
CN202011166109.4A 2020-10-27 2020-10-27 Electric energy metering method and device of electric energy meter based on instantaneous power and storage medium Pending CN112444671A (en)

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Cited By (2)

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Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN113466547A (en) * 2021-07-30 2021-10-01 国网山东省电力公司德州供电公司 Electric energy meter metering method suitable for spot market transaction
CN116593768A (en) * 2023-04-27 2023-08-15 深圳市锐能微科技有限公司 Electric energy metering method and device, electronic equipment and medium

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GB8334235D0 (en) * 1982-12-24 1984-02-01 Taylor L Electrical power measurement device
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