CN102168960B - A temperature compensation method for machining aluminium alloy components - Google Patents

Abstract

The invention provides a temperature compensation method for machining aluminium alloy components. The method comprises the steps of (1) measuring temperatures of a standard component and a to-be-machined component; (2) measuring a dimension of the to-be-machined component after making a zero-setting of a measuring device according to the standard component; (3) making temperature compensation calculation according to formulas to obtain a conversion dimension; (4)doing compensation calculation according to the component temperature, the standard component temperature, the actual value of the component dimension under a working temperature and the conversion dimension. In the method, the conversion dimension is calculated from the relationship among temperature, coefficient of linear expansion, and nominal dimension. The actual value of the component dimension measured under a working temperature is converted to an actual value of the component dimension under a standard temperature, thereby realizing precise measurement. In component machining process, the value of the sum of the component nominal dimension and the conversion dimension is taken as a dimension value required for the component machining, thereby realizing the aim of precise machining. The method in the invention can be applied to the aluminium alloy components machining with high precision requirements.

Description

A kind of cut aluminum alloy part temperature compensation

Technical field

The invention belongs to the Machining Technology field, particularly a kind of cut aluminum alloy part temperature compensation.

Background technology

Part aluminum alloy part complex structure, big, the wall thickness of diameter; When processing such part at present; The actual value of detected part under standard temperature is inconsistent in the actual value of common processing at the scene back accessory size and the sensing chamber; Its reason is that aluminum alloy materials part self rigidity is poor, weak strength, linear expansion coefficient are big; After the processing, there is very mistake in the actual value of its accessory size with the actual value that detects the part that obtains in standard temperature (20 ℃) under non-standard temperature, causes that accessory size is overproof to be scrapped.

Summary of the invention

Problem to above-mentioned prior art existence; The present invention provides a kind of cut aluminum alloy part temperature compensation; This method calculates the conversion size through the relation between temperature, linear expansion coefficient, the nominal size; And set up temperature compensation table, the actual value of the accessory size that will under operating ambient temperature, record is scaled the actual value under the corresponding standard temperature, thereby reaches accurate measurement; In the part processing process, the part nominal size is added the dimensional requirement value of the resulting value of conversion size as part processing, thereby reach the purpose of accurate processing.

Method of the present invention may further comprise the steps:

1) temperature of measurement standard spare temperature and part to be processed is represented with Celsius temperature;

2) use measuring tool on the standard component to zero after, measure accessory size;

3) carrying out temperature compensation by following formula calculates to obtain the conversion size:

Conversion size=[(part to be processed temperature-20) * part linear expansion coefficient-(standard component temperature-20) * standard component linear expansion coefficient] * part nominal size;

Wherein standard component linear expansion coefficient or part linear expansion coefficient by material are: tool steel is 0.0000117/ ℃, and aluminium alloy is 0.0000225/ ℃, and high-speed steel is 0.0000126/ ℃;

4), converse the actual value of corresponding part under 20 ℃ of standard temperatures according to the temperature of the temperature of part, standard component, the actual value and the conversion size of accessory size compensates calculating under working temperature:

Actual value=under working temperature the actual value of the accessory size-conversion size of corresponding part under 20 ℃ of standard temperatures; In the part processing process, the part nominal size is added the dimensional requirement value of the resulting value of conversion size as part processing.

Method of the present invention adopts technique for temperature compensation first in the cut of aluminum alloy part; According to the linear expansion coefficient of part (aluminum alloy material) with measurement standard spare (tool steel or high-speed steel); Set up part and the length relation formula between the standard component under the different operating temperature; And obtain actual value and the conversion size the actual value of working temperature under accessory size between of part under 20 ℃ of standard temperatures; Converse the actual value of corresponding part under 20 ℃ of standard temperatures again, thereby solved because the problem that the measurement result that the temperature difference causes is unstable, repeatability is not high; In the part processing process, the part nominal size is added the dimensional requirement value of the resulting value of conversion size as part processing, thereby reach the purpose of accurate processing.

In actual production process, according to the part nominal size conversion size is compiled into temperature compensation table, the use of can directly when such part of processing, tabling look-up, temperature compensation table is respectively shown in table 1, table 2;

Table 1

Table 2

Embodiment

Embodiment

The part of processing is an aluminum alloy materials, largest diameter 1167.0284 ± 0.127, and the somewhere diameter of processing is Φ 1145.7432, and tolerance is ± 0.05, and standard component is a tool steel;

Part is that the linear expansion coefficient of aluminium alloy is 0.0000225, and standard component is that the linear expansion coefficient of tool steel is: 0.0000117; The concrete course of work is following:

1) temperature of measurement standard spare temperature and part to be processed is represented with Celsius temperature;

Utilize the contact type temperature measuring appearance that the part temperature is measured, treat the stable back of reading record temperature actual value, the part temperature is 24 ℃; The standard component material is a tool steel, utilizes the contact type temperature measuring appearance that the standard component temperature is measured, and treats the stable back of reading record temperature actual value, and temperature is 22 ℃;

2) use measuring tool on the standard component to zero after, measure the actual value of accessory size under working temperature;

3) carry out temperature compensation by following formula and calculate acquisition conversion size;

Conversion size=[(part to be processed temperature-20) * part linear expansion coefficient-(standard component temperature-20) * standard component expansion coefficient] * part nominal size=[(24-20) * 0.0000225-(22-20) * 0.0000117] * 1145.7432=0.08;

Table 1, table 2 are the temperature compensation table according to 1145.7432 establishments of part nominal size;

4) actual value and the conversion size according to accessory size under the temperature of the temperature of part, standard component, the working temperature compensates calculating, converses the actual value of corresponding part under 20 ℃ of standard temperatures:

Actual value-conversion the size of corresponding part accessory size under the actual value=working temperature under 20 ℃ of the standard temperatures;

In the part processing process, the part nominal size is added the dimensional requirement value of the resulting value of conversion size as part processing.

Whether the difference of actual value and the nominal size 1145.7432 of more corresponding part under 20 ℃ of standard temperatures drop on ± scope of 0.05 tolerance in, with the dimensioned of control part under working temperature.

In the aluminum alloy part process, through checking, proved the validity of technique for temperature compensation, measured the inaccurate product rejection rate that causes owing to the temperature reason causes thereby reduced part, improved production efficiency, the loss due to spoiled work rate is reduced to 2.9% by 90%.

Claims (2)

1. a cut aluminum alloy part temperature compensation is characterized in that: may further comprise the steps;

1) temperature of measurement standard spare temperature and part to be processed is represented with Celsius temperature;

2) use measuring tool on the standard component to zero after, measure accessory size;

3) carrying out temperature compensation by following formula calculates to obtain the conversion size:

Conversion size=[(part to be processed temperature-20) * part linear expansion coefficient-(standard component temperature-20) * standard component linear expansion coefficient] * part nominal size;

4), converse the actual value of corresponding part under 20 ℃ of standard temperatures according to the temperature of the temperature of part, standard component, the actual value and the conversion size of accessory size compensates calculating under working temperature;

Actual value=under working temperature the actual value of the accessory size-conversion size of corresponding part under 20 ℃ of standard temperatures; In the part processing process, the part nominal size is added the dimensional requirement value of the resulting value of conversion size as part processing.

2. cut aluminum alloy part temperature compensation as claimed in claim 1 is characterized in that: described standard component is tool steel or high-speed steel.