CN102164690A - Method for forming deformed cross-section and formed article of quadrilateral cross-section exhibiting excellent spot weldability - Google Patents
Method for forming deformed cross-section and formed article of quadrilateral cross-section exhibiting excellent spot weldability Download PDFInfo
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- CN102164690A CN102164690A CN2009801377816A CN200980137781A CN102164690A CN 102164690 A CN102164690 A CN 102164690A CN 2009801377816 A CN2009801377816 A CN 2009801377816A CN 200980137781 A CN200980137781 A CN 200980137781A CN 102164690 A CN102164690 A CN 102164690A
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B21—MECHANICAL METAL-WORKING WITHOUT ESSENTIALLY REMOVING MATERIAL; PUNCHING METAL
- B21D—WORKING OR PROCESSING OF SHEET METAL OR METAL TUBES, RODS OR PROFILES WITHOUT ESSENTIALLY REMOVING MATERIAL; PUNCHING METAL
- B21D26/00—Shaping without cutting otherwise than using rigid devices or tools or yieldable or resilient pads, i.e. applying fluid pressure or magnetic forces
- B21D26/02—Shaping without cutting otherwise than using rigid devices or tools or yieldable or resilient pads, i.e. applying fluid pressure or magnetic forces by applying fluid pressure
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B21—MECHANICAL METAL-WORKING WITHOUT ESSENTIALLY REMOVING MATERIAL; PUNCHING METAL
- B21D—WORKING OR PROCESSING OF SHEET METAL OR METAL TUBES, RODS OR PROFILES WITHOUT ESSENTIALLY REMOVING MATERIAL; PUNCHING METAL
- B21D26/00—Shaping without cutting otherwise than using rigid devices or tools or yieldable or resilient pads, i.e. applying fluid pressure or magnetic forces
- B21D26/02—Shaping without cutting otherwise than using rigid devices or tools or yieldable or resilient pads, i.e. applying fluid pressure or magnetic forces by applying fluid pressure
- B21D26/033—Deforming tubular bodies
- B21D26/041—Means for controlling fluid parameters, e.g. pressure or temperature
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B21—MECHANICAL METAL-WORKING WITHOUT ESSENTIALLY REMOVING MATERIAL; PUNCHING METAL
- B21D—WORKING OR PROCESSING OF SHEET METAL OR METAL TUBES, RODS OR PROFILES WITHOUT ESSENTIALLY REMOVING MATERIAL; PUNCHING METAL
- B21D26/00—Shaping without cutting otherwise than using rigid devices or tools or yieldable or resilient pads, i.e. applying fluid pressure or magnetic forces
- B21D26/02—Shaping without cutting otherwise than using rigid devices or tools or yieldable or resilient pads, i.e. applying fluid pressure or magnetic forces by applying fluid pressure
- B21D26/033—Deforming tubular bodies
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B21—MECHANICAL METAL-WORKING WITHOUT ESSENTIALLY REMOVING MATERIAL; PUNCHING METAL
- B21D—WORKING OR PROCESSING OF SHEET METAL OR METAL TUBES, RODS OR PROFILES WITHOUT ESSENTIALLY REMOVING MATERIAL; PUNCHING METAL
- B21D51/00—Making hollow objects
- B21D51/02—Making hollow objects characterised by the structure of the objects
- B21D51/06—Making hollow objects characterised by the structure of the objects folded objects
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B21—MECHANICAL METAL-WORKING WITHOUT ESSENTIALLY REMOVING MATERIAL; PUNCHING METAL
- B21D—WORKING OR PROCESSING OF SHEET METAL OR METAL TUBES, RODS OR PROFILES WITHOUT ESSENTIALLY REMOVING MATERIAL; PUNCHING METAL
- B21D51/00—Making hollow objects
- B21D51/16—Making hollow objects characterised by the use of the objects
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- Shaping Metal By Deep-Drawing, Or The Like (AREA)
Abstract
It is difficult to obtain a formed article of deformed cross-section which exhibits excellent spot-weldability and high dimensional precision by using a conventional technology for forming a deformed cross-section. In a state where no internal pressure is loaded to a tubular material (10) having a tensile strength (TS) of 590 MPa or above, or an internal pressure of 50 MPa or less is loaded to the tubular material (10) by liquid, the tublar material is subjected to tube-flattening by using dies (1, 1A) of deformed cross-section where at least one surface has a flat part, and then an internal pressure is loaded by the liquid so that the highest internal pressure is at least the following Pmin [MPa], whereby the tubular material is formed to have a deformed cross-section. Pmin=0.045xTS.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to be configured as the formed products (quadrate cross-section forming article) of the excellent quadrangle section of the method (forming method of complex cross-section shape) of section and spot weldability (spot weldability), specifically, relating to tube material (tubing material) is raw material, it is configured as the section manufacturing process of section shape by hydroforming processing (hydroform process) and by this manufacturing process with the be shaped formed products of quadrangle section of the spot weldability excellence that forms of tube material with one or two group of parallel 2 limit.
Background technology
At present, known with tube material as raw material, by hydroforming processing it is configured as the method (for example referring to patent documentation 1 prior art [0003] ~ [0005] and Fig. 1, Fig. 2) of section shape.It discloses the method for following the 1st type: shown in Fig. 1 (a) of patent documentation 1, section is processed into for example U word shape shown in Fig. 3 of patent documentation 1 (b) (being called preform (preforming) among the present invention) of required flat shape for circular canal curvature, for goods part than the narrower width of caliber of these bending machining product, become with raw material directly to compare the section configuration that width dimensions has reduced by press or special machine conquassation processing (pre-pressing or crushing) shown in Fig. 1 (b) of patent documentation 1, shown in Fig. 1 (c) of patent documentation 1, this conquassation processed goods is seated in the cavity of upper and lower mould, shown in Fig. 1 (d) of patent documentation 1, after carrying out the matched moulds of upper and lower mould, shown in Fig. 1 (e) of patent documentation 1, in the conquassation processed goods, inject liquid, make its for example interior pressure of 22000psi (151MPa) of loading, make it comply with die face ground thus plastic deformation takes place, be configured as the section configuration shown in Fig. 1 (f) of patent documentation 1.In addition, the method of following the 2nd type is disclosed: shown in Fig. 2 (a) of patent documentation 1, section is processed into for example U word shape shown in Fig. 3 of patent documentation 1 (b) of required flat shape for circular canal curvature, still shown in Fig. 2 (b) of patent documentation 1, this bending machining product conquassation is processed into the section configuration that width dimensions has reduced by press or special machine, shown in Fig. 2 (c) of patent documentation 1, this conquassation processed goods packed into the cavity of upper and lower mould, as Fig. 2 (d) of patent documentation 1 before the matched moulds that is shown in to conquassation processed goods internal loading for example the low pressure about 1000psi (7MPa) carry out precharge and be shaped, then, shown in Fig. 2 (e) of patent documentation 1, carry out matched moulds, the precharge formed products applied in 6000 ~ 7000psi (42-49MPa) high press, make it comply with die face ground plastic deformation takes place with the section configuration shown in the Fig. 2 (f) that becomes patent documentation 1.
The prior art document
Patent documentation
Patent documentation 1: TOHKEMY 2000-246361 communique.
Summary of the invention
Invent problem to be solved
But, in the above-mentioned existing manufacturing process, above-mentioned the 1st type adopts the big girth increment rate more than 10% usually, the tube material that ductility is low, the tendency of breaking when for example high-intensity steel pipe is pressed in load is high increase, above-mentioned the 2nd type is by carrying out conquassation processing, the section formed products should be smooth position (for example becoming the position on the limit of quadrangle section) part of quite a lot of depression exist to appear, spot welding, particularly one-sided spot welding (one-side spot welding) the very difficulty that becomes.In addition, radius of curvature (curvature radius) R of turning (corner) R portion (for example becoming the position at the turning of quadrangle section) compares quite big with the radius of curvature in the corresponding bight (corner) of metal pattern, be difficult to obtain sharp-pointed section configuration, the shape of products precision is insufficient.
In a word, there is the problem of the section formed products of the high dimensional accuracy (high dimensional accuracy) that is difficult to obtain the spot weldability excellence in the existing section forming technique of utilizing hydroforming to process.
Herein, section is meant circle (circular form) section in addition, for example quadrangle section and so on.
Be used to solve the means of problem
Inventors etc. further investigate in order to solve above-mentioned problem, and the result expects the means of the section formed products realizing that spot welding is become and be easy to high dimensional accuracy by hydroforming processing, has finished the present invention.That is, the present invention is as described below.
(1) section manufacturing process, it is characterized in that, under the state of in not having load, pressing or passed through liquid load under the state of the interior pressure below the 50MPa, there is the section metal pattern of par that the tube material more than the tensile strength 590MPa is carried out conquassation processing with at least 1 mask, then is following P by the highest interior pressure of aforesaid liquid load
MinThe interior pressure that [MPa] is above is configured as the section shape with the aforementioned tube material,
P
min=0.045×TS
P
Min: the lower limit [MPa], the TS that press in the highest: the tensile strength of tube material [MPa].
(2) above-mentioned (1) described section manufacturing process, it is characterized in that, load in the lump with the interior pressure after the above-mentioned conquassation processing, compression stress (compression force) at pipe end (tube end) load tube axial direction (tube axis direction) is pressed into pipe end to the tube axial direction center side.
(3) the described section manufacturing process in above-mentioned (1) or (2), it is characterized in that, use the above steel pipe of tensile strength 780MPa as the aforementioned tube material, form so that the girth increment rate after being shaped (increasing rate of girth) more than 2.0% below 10.0%.
(4) each described section manufacturing process in above-mentioned (1) ~ (3) is characterized in that, use wall thickness/external diameter than t/D at the steel pipe below 0.05 as the aforementioned tube material.
(5) the quadrangle section shaping product with one or two group of parallel 2 limit of spot weldability excellence, be the quadrangle section shaping product that tube material is shaped and forms by each described section manufacturing process in above-mentioned (1) ~ (4) with one or two group of parallel 2 limit, it is characterized in that, par amount of recess (hollow depth on flat surface or depth of hollow on flat surface) is below 0.5mm, and then the radius of curvature R at turning is below 10mm.
(6) above-mentioned (1) described section manufacturing process, it is characterized in that, the aforementioned tube material is the above tube material of tensile strength 690MPa, after carrying out conquassation processing with above-mentioned section metal pattern, then, when the aforementioned tube material is configured as the section shape, apply the highest above-mentioned interior interior pressure that satisfies more than Pmin and surpass 50MPa of pressing by pressing in the aforesaid liquid load, further form so that the girth increment rate after being shaped is more than the following A %, below 11.0%
A=4.167×10
-3×(TS-590)
A: the lower limit of girth increment rate (%), TS: the tensile strength of tube material (MPa).
(7) (6) described section manufacturing process is characterized in that, loads in the lump with the interior pressure after the above-mentioned conquassation processing, and the compression stress to pipe end load tube axial direction is pressed into pipe end to the tube axial direction center side.
(8) (6) or (7) described section manufacturing process is characterized in that, uses the above steel pipe of tensile strength 780MPa as the aforementioned tube material, form so that the girth increment rate after being shaped is more than the following A %, below 10.0%,
A=4.167×10
-3×(TS-590)
A: the lower limit of girth increment rate (%), TS: the tensile strength of tube material (MPa).
(9) each described section manufacturing process is characterized in that in (6) ~ (8), use wall thickness/external diameter than t/D at the steel pipe below 0.05 as the aforementioned tube material.
(10) the quadrangle section shaping product with one or two group of parallel 2 limit of spot weldability excellence, be the quadrangle section shaping product that tube material is shaped and forms by each described section manufacturing process in (6) ~ (9) with one or two group of parallel 2 limit, it is characterized in that, the par amount of recess is below 0.5mm, and then the radius of curvature R at turning is below 10mm.
(11) section manufacturing process; It is characterized in that; Under the state of in not having load, pressing or passed through liquid load under the state of the interior pressure below the 50MPa; There is the section metal pattern of par that the tube material more than the tensile strength 690MPa is carried out conquassation processing with at least 1 mask; The interior pressure that then surpasses 50MPa by the highest interior pressure of aforesaid liquid load; When the aforementioned tube material is configured as the section shape; Form so that the girth increment rate after being shaped to be following A % above below 11.0%
A=4.167×10
-3×(TS-590)
A: the lower limit of girth increment rate (%), TS: the tensile strength of tube material (MPa).
(12) above-mentioned (11) described section manufacturing process is characterized in that, loads in the lump with the interior pressure after the above-mentioned conquassation processing, and the compression stress to pipe end load tube axial direction is pressed into pipe end to the tube axial direction center side.
(13) the described section manufacturing process in above-mentioned (11) or (12) is characterized in that, uses the above steel pipe of tensile strength 780MPa as the aforementioned tube material, form so that the girth increment rate after being shaped is more than the following A %, below 10.0%,
A=4.167×10
-3×(TS-590)
A: the lower limit of girth increment rate (%), TS: the tensile strength of tube material (MPa).
(14) each described section manufacturing process in above-mentioned (11) ~ (13) is characterized in that, use wall thickness/external diameter than t/D at the steel pipe below 0.05 as the aforementioned tube material.
(15) the quadrangle section shaping product with one or two group of parallel 2 limit of spot weldability excellence, be the quadrangle section shaping product that tube material is shaped and forms by each the described section manufacturing process in above-mentioned (11) ~ (14) with one or two group of parallel 2 limit, it is characterized in that, the par amount of recess is below 0.5mm, and then the radius of curvature R at turning is below 10mm.
The invention effect
According to the present invention, after descending in the use the conquassation processing of forming metal mould (upper and lower forming die), then press the tube material load is interior by liquid, form so that be pressed in the proper range in the highest, more preferably make girth increment rate after the shaping in proper range, tube material can be configured as the little and profile of par amount of recess thus and have the sharply section shape of the radius of curvature R at the turning of (radius of curvature is little).The par amount of recess of the section formed products that obtains is little, thus with the one-sided spot weldability excellence of metallic plate.In addition, the resilience after unloading (springback deformation) is suppressed, and becomes the section formed products of high dimensional accuracy.
Description of drawings
The key diagram of the summary of [Fig. 1] expression the inventive method.
[Fig. 2] expression has the key diagram of definition of the radius of curvature R at the par amount of recess of quadrangle section shaping product on one or two group of parallel 2 limit and turning.
[Fig. 3] expression becomes the key diagram of the bad state of one-sided spot welding.
The chart of the lower limit of pressing in [Fig. 4] expression is the highest and the relation of tensile strength.
The key diagram of the experimental technique of [Fig. 5] expression spot welding experiment.
The chart of the lower limit of [Fig. 6] expression girth increment rate and the relation of tensile strength.
The specific embodiment
Fig. 1 is the key diagram of the summary of expression the inventive method.Tube material 10 uses for example steel pipe (steel tube) of the metal tube (metallic tube) of tensile strength (abbreviating TS (tensile strength) as) more than 590MPa.At first, shown in Fig. 1 (a), tube material 10 is put at least 1 mask the metal pattern of par, a pair of metal pattern with par 1 up and down for example, in the 1A.Metal pattern 1, the mould section configuration of the 1A section configuration different that be shape with tube material 10.Tube material 10 can be to have carried out preformed material and do not carried out in the preformed material any.Need to prove that alleged preform is meant that as previously mentioned Fig. 3 (b) length direction bending machining that is shown in tube material such as patent documentation 1 becomes the situation of U word shape or 90 ° of bending machining to become the S word shape, the part of the length direction of tube material is carried out conquassation processing, carried out expander processing or tube reducing processing partly among the present invention.Then, do not pressing under the state of (50MPa below) in low to the state of pressing in the tube material load or by liquid load, metal pattern 1 about using, 1A carry out conquassation to tube material and process.
Need to prove, when the inventive method is the method that tube material is not had to press in the load, do not enter situation in the pipe and liquid enter does not have the interior pressure that liquid produces yet in the pipe 2 kinds of situations of situation even comprise liquid.Generally speaking, in order to shorten the circulation timei of hydroforming, conquassation processing is carried out on the limit, and marginal not is gone into liquid and prepared (limit is full of the liquid limit and discharges bubble).
So, shown in Fig. 1 (b),, divide the turning R that forms mitigation in the wall portion relative with the corner part of metal pattern fractal being in depression of wall portion relative (being called the par depression) with the par of metal pattern.
Therefore, under matched moulds (closing of dies or closing of upper die and lower die) state, then the highest interior pressure of tube material load is following P by aforesaid liquid
MinThe interior pressure that [MPa] is above is configured as section shape (Fig. 1 (c)) with the aforementioned tube material,
P
min=0.045×TS (1)
P
Min: the lower limit [MPa], the TS that press in the highest: the tensile strength of tube material [MPa].
Thus, shown in Fig. 1 (c), the par depression reduces, and the material of turning R portion (material of tube material) is outstanding, becomes sharp-pointed R shape.In addition, the highest interior the pressure more improved, and residual stress is minimizing more, and the change of shape that the resilience after unloading causes diminishes.
Need to prove, in formula (1), if with the coefficient on the right by 0.045 replacing with 0.09, more preferably replacing with 0.12, then the shape of formed products becomes better, so preferred.
Need to prove that, the highest interior the pressure is generally about 100 ~ 200MPa based on following reason herein.Usually, the performance of the supercharger of pressing in applying is maximum 200MPa.In addition, when the projected area (or metal pattern cavity projected area) of formed products in horizontal plane is excessive, consider the compression strength restriction of supercharger, be set at not enough 200MPa, for example 150MPa sometimes.Do not having under the situation of above-mentioned restriction, if pipe is thin-walled and low-intensity, then sometimes with 100MPa corrective forming fully.
Cause near the wall thickness the R portion of turning to reduce the situation that becomes excessive because material is outstanding when in addition, considering interior pressure load after conquassation processing.In this case, load in the lump with the interior pressure after the conquassation processing, the compression stress to pipe end load tube axial direction is pressed into (being referred to as " axial feed " (axial feeding)) with pipe end to the tube axial direction center side, wall thickness is reduced reduce.In fact the opportunity that applies axial feed preferably behind interior pressure load through a little time, carry out axial feed then, rather than carry out axial feed simultaneously with interior pressure load.Need to prove, the optimum condition of " axial feed " is by adjusting the cylinder stroke (cylinder stroke) of axial feed with press, make among the ratio L/D of the forming section length L of the end article of the amount of being pressed into (axial feeding length) (stroke (stroke)) after hydroforming processing and pipe outer diameter D, if about L/D 〉=10, then preferably the amount of being pressed into be end article the forming section length L about 0 ~ 2%, if L/D=surpasses 7 ~ less than 10, then be preferably about 0 ~ 3.5% of L, if L/D≤7 then are preferably about 0 ~ 5% of L.Need to prove,, then can apply reaction force with press, the tendency that is pushed back is arranged, so even be that 0% the amount of being pressed into also exists axial feed power axial feed if load has interior pressure.
In addition, among the present invention, when using the above steel pipe of tensile strength 780MPa as tube material, preferably form so that the girth increment rate after being shaped more than 2.0%, below 10.0%.
Need to prove that the girth increment rate is represented with following formula (2).
Girth increment rate=(outer perimeter-1 of the tube material before the outer perimeter/shaping of formed products) * 100 (%) ‥ ‥ (2)
In addition, if the wall thickness/external diameter of the steel pipe that tube material uses surpasses 0.05 than t/D, then have along with t/D increases the tendency that the par amount of recess increases, so tube material preferably uses t/D at the steel pipe below 0.05.
By above-mentioned the inventive method, can obtain the section formed products spot weldability excellence, high dimensional accuracy.This formed products (goods) is in order to have excellent one-sided spot weldability, and the par amount of recess of goods (provides definition among Fig. 2.As concrete assay method, use the laser distance instrumentation to decide the amount of recess of the par of section formed products, be the par amount of recess with its maximum amount of recess) be necessary below 0.5mm.This is because if the par amount of recess of goods surpasses 0.5mm, then for example shown in Figure 3, when pressing against steel plate 12 on the goods 11 by electrode for spot welding (spot welding electrode) 3, be easy to generate bigger gap delta between steel plate 12 in the scope under electrode 3 and the goods 11, can't obtain stable "on" position, unfavorable condition appears in spot welding easily.
In addition, for the quadrangle section shaping product with one or two group of parallel 2 limit, in order to have high dimensional accuracy, sharp-pointed R shape is necessary, and as its benchmark, among the present invention, (Fig. 2 provides definition to make the radius of curvature R at turning of goods.Concrete assay method is that the section formed products is cut off with vertical plane at length direction, the section photo at whole turnings is entered as image, the circle of the radius of curvature of all size is overlapped on each turning, obtain the radius of curvature R at whole turnings thus, with its maximum R radius of curvature R that is the turning) below 10mm.
The lower limit P of the interior pressure that will process afterload in the conquassation interior pressure (pressure the highest in) when the highest is described among the present invention herein,
Min[MPa] is defined as the reason of the value of above-mentioned formula (1).After the tube material that will have various TS with metal pattern carries out conquassation processing, by pressing in the liquid load, when being configured as the quadrangle section configuration with one or two group of parallel 2 limit, research is used to make radius of curvature R the molding condition 10mm below of the par amount of recess of formed products at below the 0.5mm and turning.The result, as can be known along with voltage rise height in the highest, the radius of curvature R at par amount of recess, turning all reduces, and presses in 0.5mm the highest and the radius of curvature R at turning becomes the lower limit of a side big in pressing in 10mm the highest for the highest interior pressure as long as become with the par amount of recess.The relation of the TS of this lower limit and tube material as shown in Figure 4, according to this figure, TS when 590MPa is above, the lower limit P that presses in the highest
MinRepresent with above-mentioned formula (1).
And then, be conceived to the girth increment rate, obtain the girth increment rate dependence of par amount of recess and turning R, obtain following opinion.That is, pressing in the highest after making conquassation processing is above-mentioned P
MinUnder the above condition, the TS of tube material when 780MPa is above, as the girth increment rate of fruit product more than 2.0%, then the par amount of recess further diminishes, in addition, below 10.0%, then the radius of curvature R at turning further diminishes as the girth increment rate of fruit product.
Therefore, the TS of tube material when 780MPa is above, can be after making conquassation processing the highest in to press be P
MinForm under the condition more than [MPa], so that the girth increment rate after being shaped is 2.0 ~ 10.0%.
For make the girth increment rate the regulation scope (more than the A%, below the B%) in, the interior perimeter L of the metal pattern section in the time of can using matched moulds
KOuter perimeter L with tube material before the hydroforming
PSatisfying the metal pattern of relation of following formula and the combination of tube material forms.
A≤(L
K/L
P-1)×100≤B…(3)
In addition, the interior pressure of using in the shaping after the conquassation processing can be passed through FEM (finite element method) and resolve or test, obtain in advance and press in the highest and the corresponding relation of girth increment rate, be set in this corresponding relation corresponding to pressure in target girth increment rate the highest.
And then, in the present invention, when using the tube material 10 of tensile strength more than 690MPa, as mentioned above, under the matched moulds state, then the tube material load is satisfied and press the P that stipulates for above-mentioned formula (1) in the highest by aforesaid liquid
MinThe interior pressure that [MPa] is above and surpass the interior pressure of 50MPa two aspects, form so that the girth increment rate after the hydroforming more than following A %, below 11.0%.Need to prove that the girth increment rate represents with following formula,
Girth increment rate=(outer perimeter-1 of the tube material before the outer perimeter/shaping of formed products) * 100 (%) (2)
A=4.167×10
-3×(TS-590)…(4)
A: the lower limit of girth increment rate (%), TS: the tensile strength of tube material (MPa).
Thus, shown in Fig. 1 (c), the par depression further reduces, and the material of turning R portion (material of tube material) is outstanding, becomes more sharp-pointed (radius of curvature is little) R shape.In addition, the highest interior pressure is high more, and residual stress reduces more, and the change of shape that the resilience after unloading causes is more little.Need to prove, in formula (4), if with the coefficient on the right by 4.167 * 10
-3Replace with 4.8 * 10
-3, then the shape of formed products (par depression or turning R portion) becomes better, so preferred.
Need to prove, among the present invention, the tensile strength TS of tube material compares with aforementioned Pmin in the scope of 690-1100MPa the time, press in 50MPa one side the highest high, so press in the highest during matched moulds preferred satisfy surpass Pmin and 50MPa the two surpass 50MPa.In addition, when TS surpasses 1100MPa, compare with surpassing 50MPa, press in Pmin one side the highest high, so press preferably more than Pmin in the highest during matched moulds.
Make near the wall thickness the R portion of turning reduce the situation that becomes excessive because material is outstanding when in addition, considering in conquassation processing afterload, to press.In this case, load in the lump with the interior pressure after the conquassation processing, the compression stress to pipe end load tube axial direction is pressed into (being referred to as " axial feed ") with pipe end to the tube axial direction center side, wall thickness is reduced reduce.Need to prove that the optimum condition of " axial feed " is preferably by adjusting the cylinder stroke (cylinder stroke) of axial feed with press, make the amount of being pressed into (stroke) be about 0 ~ 10% of the forming section length of the end article of hydroforming after processing.
In addition, if the wall thickness/external diameter of the steel pipe that tube material uses surpasses 0.05 than t/D, the tendency that then has the par amount of recess to increase along with the increase of t/D is so tube material preferably uses t/D at the steel pipe below 0.05.
Illustrate herein among the present invention that regulation forms so that the girth increment rate after being shaped in the reason more than the A%, below 11.0%.After the tube material that will have various TS with metal pattern carries out conquassation processing, when being configured as the quadrangle section configuration with one or two group of parallel 2 limit by pressing in the liquid load, research is used to make the par amount of recess of formed products to become the following and radius of curvature R turning of 0.5mm becomes the following molding condition of 10mm.Result's par amount of recess as can be known reduces along with the increase of girth increment rate, and the girth increment rate when the par amount of recess becomes 0.5mm becomes lower limit.The relation of the TS of this lower limit and tube material as shown in Figure 6, according to Fig. 6, TS is when 690MPa is above, the lower limit A of girth increment rate represents with above-mentioned formula (4).
On the other hand, the radius of curvature R at turning reduces along with the increase of girth increment rate as can be known, and the girth increment rate the when radius of curvature R at turning becomes 10mm becomes the upper limit.According to the result of the relation of the TS that obtains its upper limit and tube material (omitting diagram), TS girth increment rate when 690MPa is above is getting final product below 11.0%.In addition, TS girth increment rate when 780MPa is above is getting final product below 10.0%.
Therefore, the TS of tube material can form so that the girth increment rate after being shaped is A ~ 11.0% when 690MPa is above.In addition, the TS of tube material can form so that the girth increment rate after being shaped is A ~ 10.0% when 780MPa is above.
Need to prove, the application's manufacturing process tube material applicatory is by hot rolled steel plate or the cold-rolled steel sheet electric welded steel pipe made of TS more than 590MPa, also comprises by having implemented the electric welded steel pipe that heat treated hot rolled steel plate such as quenching, tempering or cold-rolled steel sheet are made.In addition, the steel grade of above-mentioned hot rolled steel plate and cold-rolled steel sheet can be ordinary steel, low-alloy steel, ferrite-group stainless steel, austenite stainless steel or martensitic stainless steel.Be not limited thereto.
Use the metal pattern 1 of rectangular cross section shape shown in Figure 1,1A, the tube material that will have the TS shown in the table 1, size is configured as the section shape by following operation.Need to prove that the tube material of use all is an electric welded steel pipe, the composition of the raw-material steel plate of the electric welded steel pipe of No.1 ~ 32 and the manufacture method of steel plate are shown in table 2.Need to prove that the length of the steel pipe that uses among the embodiment is 300mm.
[operation] pack into utilize matched moulds to carry out conquassation under the state of metal pattern → in not having, press or the state to process by the interior pressure below the liquid load 50MPa (No.10 and 11 is respectively 10MPa, 13MPa) → press to the interior pressure of the value shown in the table 1 in the highest by liquid load, to become the various girth increment rates shown in the table 1 (to a part of tube material also with axial feed (No.12 and 13 amounts of being pressed into are respectively 2.5%, 3.0%)).
(mensuration of par amount of recess is that the section formed products is used the laser distance meter to 4 pars respectively at the central portion of length direction on the direction vertical with length direction to the radius of curvature R (with reference to Fig. 2) at the par amount of recess of the formed products that mensuration obtains (goods) and turning, measuring the amount of recess of 4 pars respectively, is the par amount of recess with its maximum amount of recess.In addition, the mensuration of the radius of curvature R at turning is that the central portion of section formed products at length direction cut off with the face vertical with length direction, section photo with 4 turnings is entered as image respectively, the circle of all size radius is overlapped on each turning, obtain the radius of curvature R at 4 turnings thus, with its maximum R radius of curvature R that is the turning), in addition, test spot weldability by the following method.
[test method of spot weldability]
As shown in Figure 5, steel plate 12 is placed in the par on goods 11, and square from it (50 ~ 200Kgf) pushing electrodes 3 carry out one-sided spot welding respectively to 3 with certain plus-pressure.(welding condition: circulations conduction times 10 ~ 20 (cycles) are (50Hz), the quality of welding current 5 ~ 10KA) spot weldabilities judges with the tensile shear loading (tensile shear load) that whether forms in nugget (nugget formation) and the tensile shear(ing) test (tensile shear test) (JIS Z 3136) and carry out, carry out following zero, * 2 grade evaluations.The a reference value TSS of the tensile shear loading of seam is based on following formula, and the seam that satisfies a reference value is judged to be fully (qualified).
TSS(N)=1.85×t×TS×(1+0.0059EL)×(ND+2.09)
Wherein, t is the thickness of slab (mm) of steel plate 12
TS is the tensile strength (MPa) of steel plate 12
EL is the percentage elongation (%) of steel plate 12
ND be between goods 11 and the steel plate 12 nugget footpath (nugget diameter) (mm)
Steel plate 12 is thickness of slab steel plates below the 440MPa level below the 1.0mm.
Zero: spot-welding part 13 is formed with nugget (whether forming nugget judges according to the section photo), the tensile shear loading is abundant (qualified)
*: spot-welding part 13 do not form nugget or, the tensile shear loading is insufficient
Said determination and test the results are shown in table 1.According to table 1 as can be known, in example of the present invention, can obtain the section formed products of the high dimensional accuracy of spot weldability excellence by the tube material more than the TS 590MPa.Need to prove, in the example of the present invention, t/D≤0.05 with t/D 0.05 compare, the par amount of recess diminishes.
Embodiment 2
Use metal pattern 1, the 1A of rectangular cross section shape shown in Figure 1 similarly to Example 1, the tube material that will have the TS shown in the table 3, size is configured as the section shape by following operation.Need to prove that the tube material of use all is an electric welded steel pipe, the composition of the raw-material steel plate of the electric welded steel pipe of No.1 ~ 30 and the manufacture method of steel plate are shown in table 4.Need to prove that the length of the steel pipe that embodiment uses is 300mm.
[operation] pack into utilize under the state of metal pattern → in not having, press or the state by the interior pressure below the liquid load 50MPa (No.8 and 9 is respectively 10MPa, 13MPa) matched moulds carry out conquassation processing → by liquid load above the interior pressure of 50MPa to become the various girth increment rates shown in the table 3 (to a part of tube material also with axial feed (No.10 and 11 the amount of being pressed into are respectively 4%, 5%)).
The radius of curvature R (referring to Fig. 2) at the par amount of recess of the formed products that mensuration obtains (goods) and turning, in addition, by method test spot weldability similarly to Example 1.
Said determination and test the results are shown in table 3.As shown in Table 3, in the example of the present invention, can obtain the section formed products of the high dimensional accuracy of spot weldability excellence by the tube material more than the TS 690MPa.Need to prove, in the example of the present invention, t/D≤0.05 with t/D 0.05 compare, the par amount of recess diminishes.
Utilizability on the industry
According to the present invention, after forming metal mould carries out conquassation processing about using, then press the tube material load is interior by liquid, be pressed in the proper range in the highest and then the girth increment rate after preferred the shaping forms in proper range, tube material can be configured as thus the section shape that amount of recess little and profile in par has the radius of curvature R at sharp-pointed (radius of curvature is little) turning. The section formed products that obtains is because the par amount of recess is little, thus with the one-sided spot weldability excellence of metallic plate. In addition, the resilience after unloading is suppressed, becomes the section formed products of high dimensional accuracy.
Symbol description
1 metal pattern (upper metal pattern)
1A metal pattern (lower metal pattern)
3 electrodes
10 tube materials
11 goods (section formed products, have the quadrangle section shaping product on one or two group of parallel 2 limit)
12 steel plates
13 spot-welding parts
Claims (15)
1. section manufacturing process, it is characterized in that, under the state of in not having load, pressing or passed through liquid load under the state of the interior pressure below the 50MPa, there is the section metal pattern of par that the tube material more than the tensile strength 590MPa is carried out conquassation processing with at least 1 mask, then is following P by the highest interior pressure of aforesaid liquid load
MinThe interior pressure that [MPa] is above is configured as the section shape with the aforementioned tube material,
P
min=0.045×TS
P
Min: the lower limit [MPa], the TS that press in the highest: the tensile strength of tube material [MPa].
2. the described section manufacturing process of claim 1 is characterized in that, loads in the lump with the interior pressure after the above-mentioned conquassation processing, and the compression stress at pipe end load tube axial direction is pressed into pipe end to the tube axial direction center side.
3. claim 1 or 2 described section manufacturing process is characterized in that, use the above steel pipe of tensile strength 780MPa as the aforementioned tube material, form so that the girth increment rate after being shaped is more than 2.0%, below 10.0%.
4. each described section manufacturing process in the claim 1 ~ 3 is characterized in that, use wall thickness/external diameter than t/D at the steel pipe below 0.05 as the aforementioned tube material.
5. the quadrangle section shaping product with one or two group of parallel 2 limit of spot weldability excellence, be the quadrangle section shaping product that tube material is shaped and forms by each described section manufacturing process in the claim 1 ~ 4 with one or two group of parallel 2 limit, it is characterized in that, the par amount of recess is below 0.5mm, and then the radius of curvature R at turning is below 10mm.
6. the described section manufacturing process of claim 1, it is characterized in that, the aforementioned tube material is the above tube material of tensile strength 690MPa, after carrying out conquassation processing with above-mentioned section metal pattern, then, when the aforementioned tube material is configured as the section shape, apply the highest above-mentioned interior interior pressure that satisfies more than Pmin and surpass 50MPa of pressing by pressing in the aforesaid liquid load, further form so that the girth increment rate after being shaped is more than the following A %, below 11.0%
A=4.167×10
-3×(TS-590)
A: the lower limit of girth increment rate (%), TS: the tensile strength of tube material (MPa).
7. the described section manufacturing process of claim 6 is characterized in that, loads in the lump with the interior pressure after the above-mentioned conquassation processing, and the compression stress to pipe end load tube axial direction is pressed into pipe end to the tube axial direction center side.
8. claim 6 or 7 described section manufacturing process is characterized in that, use the above steel pipe of tensile strength 780MPa as the aforementioned tube material, form so that the girth increment rate after being shaped is more than the following A %, below 10.0%,
A=4.167×10
-3×(TS-590)
A: the lower limit of girth increment rate (%), TS: the tensile strength of tube material (MPa).
9. each described section manufacturing process in the claim 6 ~ 8 is characterized in that, use wall thickness/external diameter than t/D at the steel pipe below 0.05 as the aforementioned tube material.
10. the quadrangle section shaping product with one or two group of parallel 2 limit of spot weldability excellence, be the quadrangle section shaping product that tube material is shaped and forms by each described section manufacturing process in the claim 6 ~ 9 with one or two group of parallel 2 limit, it is characterized in that, the par amount of recess is below 0.5mm, and then the radius of curvature R at turning is below 10mm.
11. section manufacturing process; It is characterized in that; Under the state of in not having load, pressing or passed through liquid load under the state of the interior pressure below the 50MPa; There is the section metal pattern of par that the tube material more than the tensile strength 690MPa is carried out conquassation processing with at least 1 mask; The interior pressure that then surpasses 50MPa by the highest interior pressure of aforesaid liquid load; When the aforementioned tube material is configured as the section shape; Form so that the girth increment rate after being shaped is more than the following A %, below 11.0%
A=4.167×10
-3×(TS-590)
A: the lower limit of girth increment rate (%), TS: the tensile strength of tube material (MPa).
12. the described section manufacturing process of claim 11 is characterized in that, loads in the lump with the interior pressure after the above-mentioned conquassation processing, the compression stress to pipe end load tube axial direction is pressed into pipe end to the tube axial direction center side.
13. claim 11 or 12 described section manufacturing process is characterized in that, use the above steel pipe of tensile strength 780MPa as the aforementioned tube material, form so that the girth increment rate after being shaped is more than the following A %, below 10.0%,
A=4.167×10
-3×(TS-590)
A: the lower limit of girth increment rate (%), TS: the tensile strength of tube material (MPa).
14. each described section manufacturing process is characterized in that in the claim 11 ~ 13, use wall thickness/external diameter than t/D at the steel pipe below 0.05 as the aforementioned tube material.
15. the quadrangle section shaping product with one or two group of parallel 2 limit of spot weldability excellence, be the quadrangle section shaping product that tube material is shaped and forms by each described section manufacturing process in the claim 11 ~ 14 with one or two group of parallel 2 limit, it is characterized in that, the par amount of recess is below 0.5mm, and then the radius of curvature R at turning is below 10mm.
Applications Claiming Priority (5)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| JP2008-246271 | 2008-09-25 | ||
| JP2008-246268 | 2008-09-25 | ||
| JP2008246271 | 2008-09-25 | ||
| JP2008246268 | 2008-09-25 | ||
| PCT/JP2009/067123 WO2010035883A1 (en) | 2008-09-25 | 2009-09-24 | Method for forming deformed cross-section and formed article of quadrilateral cross-section exhibiting excellent spot weldability |
Publications (1)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| CN102164690A true CN102164690A (en) | 2011-08-24 |
Family
ID=42059870
Family Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN2009801377816A Pending CN102164690A (en) | 2008-09-25 | 2009-09-24 | Method for forming deformed cross-section and formed article of quadrilateral cross-section exhibiting excellent spot weldability |
Country Status (4)
| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| EP (1) | EP2351623B1 (en) |
| KR (2) | KR20130083492A (en) |
| CN (1) | CN102164690A (en) |
| WO (1) | WO2010035883A1 (en) |
Cited By (6)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN102672026A (en) * | 2012-05-28 | 2012-09-19 | 哈尔滨工业大学 | Method for inhibiting martensite phase transformation in internal high-pressure forming of austenitic stainless steel pipe |
| CN105562516A (en) * | 2016-03-15 | 2016-05-11 | 哈尔滨工业大学 | Charging pressing forming method for variable-cross-section special-shaped pipe |
| CN106311857A (en) * | 2015-12-21 | 2017-01-11 | 哈尔滨工业大学（威海） | Low pressure upsetting bulge forming method for hollow component with complex section |
| CN107000023A (en) * | 2014-12-11 | 2017-08-01 | 住友重机械工业株式会社 | Shaped device and forming method |
| CN107243538A (en) * | 2017-08-08 | 2017-10-13 | 天津天锻航空科技有限公司 | A kind of method that big girth rectangle is shaped by Xiao Zhou's Circular Pipe |
| CN111957804A (en) * | 2020-07-20 | 2020-11-20 | 燕山大学 | Device for liquid-filling bending forming of thin-walled tube and forming method thereof |
Families Citing this family (2)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| US9545657B2 (en) * | 2014-06-10 | 2017-01-17 | Ford Global Technologies, Llc | Method of hydroforming an extruded aluminum tube with a flat nose corner radius |
| US20150315666A1 (en) | 2014-04-30 | 2015-11-05 | Ford Global Technologies, Llc | Induction annealing as a method for expanded hydroformed tube formability |
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- 2009-09-24 WO PCT/JP2009/067123 patent/WO2010035883A1/en active Application Filing
- 2009-09-24 CN CN2009801377816A patent/CN102164690A/en active Pending
- 2009-09-24 KR KR1020117006739A patent/KR101322229B1/en active IP Right Grant
- 2009-09-24 EP EP09816295.1A patent/EP2351623B1/en active Active
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| US6105409A (en) * | 1997-08-06 | 2000-08-22 | Sumitomo Metal Industries, Ltd. | Method and apparatus for hydroforming metallic tube |
| JP2000246361A (en) * | 1999-03-02 | 2000-09-12 | F Tech:Kk | Hydroforming method of pipe material |
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| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
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| CN102672026A (en) * | 2012-05-28 | 2012-09-19 | 哈尔滨工业大学 | Method for inhibiting martensite phase transformation in internal high-pressure forming of austenitic stainless steel pipe |
| CN107000023A (en) * | 2014-12-11 | 2017-08-01 | 住友重机械工业株式会社 | Shaped device and forming method |
| CN107000023B (en) * | 2014-12-11 | 2020-01-14 | 住友重机械工业株式会社 | Molding apparatus and molding method |
| CN106311857A (en) * | 2015-12-21 | 2017-01-11 | 哈尔滨工业大学（威海） | Low pressure upsetting bulge forming method for hollow component with complex section |
| CN106311857B (en) * | 2015-12-21 | 2017-11-07 | 青岛世冠装备科技有限公司 | A kind of swollen manufacturing process of complex section hollow member low pressure upsetting |
| CN105562516A (en) * | 2016-03-15 | 2016-05-11 | 哈尔滨工业大学 | Charging pressing forming method for variable-cross-section special-shaped pipe |
| CN107243538A (en) * | 2017-08-08 | 2017-10-13 | 天津天锻航空科技有限公司 | A kind of method that big girth rectangle is shaped by Xiao Zhou's Circular Pipe |
| CN111957804A (en) * | 2020-07-20 | 2020-11-20 | 燕山大学 | Device for liquid-filling bending forming of thin-walled tube and forming method thereof |
Also Published As
| Publication number | Publication date |
|---|---|
| KR101322229B1 (en) | 2013-10-28 |
| EP2351623A1 (en) | 2011-08-03 |
| WO2010035883A1 (en) | 2010-04-01 |
| EP2351623B1 (en) | 2016-08-17 |
| EP2351623A4 (en) | 2012-10-31 |
| KR20110046557A (en) | 2011-05-04 |
| KR20130083492A (en) | 2013-07-22 |
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Application publication date: 20110824 |