CN102164374B - Method, device and system for processing beam searching - Google Patents
Method, device and system for processing beam searching Download PDFInfo
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- CN102164374B CN102164374B CN 201110120022 CN201110120022A CN102164374B CN 102164374 B CN102164374 B CN 102164374B CN 201110120022 CN201110120022 CN 201110120022 CN 201110120022 A CN201110120022 A CN 201110120022A CN 102164374 B CN102164374 B CN 102164374B
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- H04B7/02—Diversity systems; Multi-antenna system, i.e. transmission or reception using multiple antennas
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- H04B7/06—Diversity systems; Multi-antenna system, i.e. transmission or reception using multiple antennas using two or more spaced independent antennas at the transmitting station
- H04B7/0613—Diversity systems; Multi-antenna system, i.e. transmission or reception using multiple antennas using two or more spaced independent antennas at the transmitting station using simultaneous transmission
- H04B7/0615—Diversity systems; Multi-antenna system, i.e. transmission or reception using multiple antennas using two or more spaced independent antennas at the transmitting station using simultaneous transmission of weighted versions of same signal
- H04B7/0617—Diversity systems; Multi-antenna system, i.e. transmission or reception using multiple antennas using two or more spaced independent antennas at the transmitting station using simultaneous transmission of weighted versions of same signal for beam forming
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Abstract
The embodiment of the invention provides a method, a device and a system for processing beam searching. The method comprises the steps of abstracting the beam searching to be a problem for seeking a global optimum solution through two searching stages of rough searching and fine searching, so that the coordinative searching between both communication parts is realized; the good searching propertyis provided; the efficiency of the beam searching is obviously improved; and the time and the power consumption needed by the beam searching are reduced.
Description
Technical field
The embodiment of the invention relates to wireless communication technology field, relates in particular to a kind of wave beam search processing method, device and system.
Background technology
Development along with multimedia application, wireless communications application grows with each passing day to the demand of transmission rate and signal bandwidth, the demand of high speed transfer of data such as Online Video stream business highlights gradually, (Wireless Personal Area Networks WPAN) also proposes requirements at the higher level to data transmission rate and signal bandwidth to corresponding Wireless Personal Communication Networks network.At present, and mobile network and WLAN (wireless local area network) (Wireless Local Area Networks, 100,000,000 transmission rates of WLAN) endeavouring are difficult to satisfy application demand already; For example wide-band mobile communication, satellite navigation communication, local area network (LAN) and metropolitan area network etc. of already present many radio communication services on the other hand, make valuable frequency spectrum resource exhausted day by day, seeking the new communications band with good transmission characteristic also becomes current urgent problem.Thereby the 60GHz radio communication that can realize Gbps even number Gbps transmission rate becomes the new focus of wireless communication field research.
The 60GHz radio communication belongs to the millimetre-wave attenuator category, millimeter wave is often referred to the electromagnetic wave that wavelength is the 1-10 millimeter, its corresponding frequency range is 30GHz-300GHz, have a wide range of applications in many fields such as communication, radar, navigation, remote sensing, radio astronomies, 60GHz communication has the following advantages: the traffic is big, has the permit bandwidth of exempting from above 5GHz; Good directionality, level security is strong, often is applicable to the short haul connection of point-to-point; The transmission quality height can carry out round-the-clock communication; Have good international adaptability and exempt to permit characteristic.The 60GHz antenna can integrated multi-antenna technology and is realized wave beam forming, wave beam forming specification requirement communicating pair is according to channel condition information (Channel State Information, CSI) dynamically upgrade antenna weight vector (Antenna Weighting Vector, AWA), realize the wave beam adjustment (Beam Steering) of optimal direction.Under the prerequisite of given beam modes collection, wave beam forming then turns to seeks optimum beam to (Beam Pair), so that communication link reaches best.IEEE 802.153c standard and IEEE 802.11ad standard have all proposed corresponding wave beam searching algorithm in the prior art, seek optimal communication wave beam numbering on the basis in code book space.
In realizing process of the present invention, the inventor finds that there are the following problems at least in the prior art: existing wave beam searching algorithm is mainly based on traversal search, its search complexity height, wave beam is aimed at and is difficult to stand needed search time, seriously limited the performance of wave beam forming in 60GHz uses, some deficiency below main existence the: blindness: in the wave beam search procedure, communicating pair is a clear and definite ferret out not, can only be by just finding optimal solution behind the exhaustive search; Redundancy: there is very big redundancy in search procedure, and the search of all multi-beam numberings there is no actual useful effect to the discovery of optimal solution; Lack collaborative: lack necessary working in coordination with between receiving terminal and the transmitting terminal, search efficiency must be subjected to very big influence.
Summary of the invention
The embodiment of the invention provides a kind of wave beam search processing method, comprising:
The request end receives responder with number of antennas 2
iFirst signal of launching, i is natural number, determines that first wave beam of received signal power maximum of the described first signal correspondence is to right as current wave beam; Repeat first search, if i reaches or greater than predetermined searching times then stop described first search, and with described current wave beam to as initial solution; Described first search comprises: described request end and described responder upgrade the numerical value of i synchronously, receive described responder with the number of antennas 2 after upgrading
iThe secondary signal of launching, right to second wave beam of the received signal power maximum of definite described secondary signal correspondence according to described current wave beam, it is right to being described second wave beam to upgrade described current wave beam;
The described request end repeats second search, stops described second search if the signal that receives reaches predetermined accuracy, with described initial solution as optimal beam to and with described optimal beam to notifying described responder; Described second search comprises: described request end and described responder are updated to separately maximum antenna number with number of antennas; The described request termination is received the signal of described responder emission, and according to described initial solution, determine that based on pre-defined algorithm the wave beam of search is right next time, based on described next time the search wave beam to generating an indication, notify described responder according to described indication adjustment launching beam next time, and upgrade described initial solution be described next time the search wave beam right.
The embodiment of the invention provides a kind of wave beam search process device, comprising:
First search module is used for receiving responder with number of antennas 2
iFirst signal of launching, i is natural number, determines that first wave beam of received signal power maximum of the described first signal correspondence is to right as current wave beam; Repeat first search, if i reaches or greater than predetermined searching times then stop described first search, and with described current wave beam to as initial solution; Described first search comprises: described request end and described responder upgrade the numerical value of i synchronously, receive described responder with the number of antennas 2 after upgrading
iThe secondary signal of launching, right to second wave beam of the received signal power maximum of definite described secondary signal correspondence according to described current wave beam, it is right to being described second wave beam to upgrade described current wave beam;
Second search module is used for repeating second search, stops described second search if the signal that receives reaches predetermined accuracy, with described initial solution as optimal beam to and with described optimal beam to notifying described responder; Described second search comprises: described request end and described responder are updated to separately maximum antenna number with number of antennas; The described request termination is received the signal of described responder emission, and according to described initial solution, determine that based on pre-defined algorithm the wave beam of search is right next time, based on described next time the search wave beam to generating an indication, notify described responder according to described indication adjustment launching beam next time, and upgrade described initial solution be described next time the search wave beam right.
The embodiment of the invention provides a kind of wave beam search processing system, the responder that comprises be used to the request end of carrying out the wave beam search and be used for transmitting, and wherein, the described request end comprises above-mentioned wave beam search process device.
Wave beam search processing method, device and system that the embodiment of the invention provides, by rough search and two stages of fine search, wave beam is searched for the abstract problem of seeking globally optimal solution that becomes, realized the coordination search of communicating pair, possesses good search performance, can significantly promote the efficient of wave beam search, shorten required time and the power consumption of wave beam search.
Description of drawings
Fig. 1 is one embodiment of the invention wave beam search processing method flow chart;
Fig. 2 is another embodiment of the present invention wave beam search processing method flow chart;
Fig. 3 is the beam modes schematic diagram that emulation is adopted in the embodiment of the invention;
Fig. 4 is the target function schematic diagram of embodiment of the invention wave beam searching algorithm;
Fig. 5 is the acquisition track schematic diagram of Rosenbrock algorithm in the embodiment of the invention;
Fig. 6 realizes target optimal power and actual search performance number schematic diagram down for the present invention one emulation embodiment is different;
Searching times schematic diagram under Fig. 7 realizes for the present invention one emulation embodiment is different;
Fig. 8 realizes target optimal power and actual search performance number schematic diagram down for another emulation of the present invention embodiment is different;
Searching times schematic diagram under Fig. 9 realizes for another emulation of the present invention embodiment is different;
Figure 10 is embodiment of the invention Rosenbrock searching algorithm complexity schematic diagram;
Figure 11 is one embodiment of the invention wave beam search process device structural representation;
Figure 12 is that embodiment of the invention wave beam search processing system is formed schematic diagram.
Embodiment
For the purpose, technical scheme and the advantage that make the embodiment of the invention clearer, below in conjunction with the accompanying drawing in the embodiment of the invention, technical scheme in the embodiment of the invention is clearly and completely described, obviously, described embodiment is the present invention's part embodiment, rather than whole embodiment.Based on the embodiment among the present invention, those of ordinary skills belong to the scope of protection of the invention not making the every other embodiment that obtains under the creative work prerequisite.
Because the 60GHz radio communication can realize Gbps even number Gbps transmission rate, therefore become the new problem of wireless communication field research.Improve the efficient of wave beam alignment procedures, can not only save a large amount of transmitting powers, for realizing that low power consuming devices provides prerequisite; Simultaneously, shorten the time delays that also can greatly reduce the equipment access network search time, this can conveniently develop the real-time Transmission business on the one hand, improves the user and experiences, and also can improve network communication capacity on the other hand.To sum up, the wave beam searching algorithm has great importance for the 60GHz communication system efficiently.In order to satisfy the demand, various embodiments of the present invention have proposed a kind of novel wave beam search plan based on pattern search thought, the wave beam that is particularly useful under the situation of big code book space is aimed at, algorithm is realized simple, search efficiency significantly improves, and is suitable for low-power consumption, low complex degree 60GHz millimetre-wave attenuator equipment.
Consider that strictness is on time on two dimensional surface when receiving terminal wave beam and transmitting terminal wave beam, received signal power will reach maximum.Thereby, can (p q) sets up the two-dimensional search plane, and then the target of wave beam search is: seek and make the corresponding wave beam of received signal power maximization institute right, namely 2 dimensional planes be optimized search problem with receiving terminal-transmitting terminal wave beam numbering in the embodiment of the invention.
Generally, utilize target function gradient information can fully improve search efficiency.But for the above-mentioned optimum beam that is modeled as to search problem, the factor that may exist two needs to consider: the one, it is relevant that received signal power value analytic solutions and antenna array are put angle (attitude), can't accurately know in the reality; The 2nd, the target function in the practical application exists locally optimal solution and saddle point, makes algorithm be absorbed in local solution easily.The embodiment of the invention can by a kind of suboptimum way of search for example Rosenbrock etc. optimize algorithm, as a kind of high effective model searching algorithm that does not have under the derivative information state, it is known under the ferret out functional derivative analytic value situation need not, can efficiently realize the searching that optimum beam is right.
If number of antennas (being the bay number) is set to 32, and the wave beam number is 64, then from 100 times independent beam search experiment, because there are many local solutions in target function, thereby directly adopt the Rosenbrock algorithm can not guarantee to find all that at every turn optimal beam is right; From repeatedly emulation, its search probability of success is about 32%, and average time is about 25.Therefore, various embodiments of the present invention are sought optimum beam to before for example adopting Rosenbrock etc. to optimize algorithm, can carry out the wave beam rough search of several times in advance, thereby for the Rosenbrock searching algorithm provides good initial search point, to avoid algorithm to be absorbed in local minimum, improve the wave beam search efficiency.
The wave beam rough search stage need possess following two requirements in the embodiment of the invention: the one, and to be initialized as the pre-search algorithm of target, its complexity is unsuitable too high as a kind of; The 2nd, after rough search was finished, the initial point that provides was not far apart from the optimal objective value, to avoid being absorbed in locally optimal solution effectively.
For common beamforming algorithm, obviously have following characteristic: number of antennas is that the corresponding optimal beam of 2M is positioned at number of antennas and is 2(M-1) corresponding optimal beam main lobe scope, the embodiment of the invention is to utilize above-mentioned characteristic to carry out rough search.For example effective number of antennas is set to 4 earlier, and its optimal beam position can obtain by minority time search; Effective number of antennas is set to 8 again, can be set out by the optimal solution of 4 antennas in its optimal beam position, and minority time search obtains.Generally speaking, distance between the initial solution by can reducing the Rosenbrock algorithm for above-mentioned 2-3 time roughly and the optimal solution reduces the probability that is absorbed in locally optimal solution, thereby improves the search success rate, even can reach 100%.
Above-mentioned bay number is that the corresponding optimal beam of 2M is positioned at the bay number and is 2(M-1) inference of corresponding optimal beam main lobe scope is main according to being, when the antenna number doubled, its effective beamwidth (it is distance between 0 the angle that the maximum direction of beam gain and adjacent beams gain) reduced half.Correspondingly from one dimension, when array element number was 2M, might obtaining optimal beam j, should to be present in array element number be 2(M-1) the neighborhood of wave beam numbering i in, i.e. the possible value set of j is { i+1, i-1}.
Above-mentioned inference is expanded to searching for the plane by 2-D to be searched, if the current wave beam that refine to is to being numbered (p, q), corresponding number of antennas is 2(M-1); Possible optimal beam when number of antennas is 2M to value set for (p+1, q), (p+1, q+1), (p, q+1), (p-1, q+1), (p-1, q), (p-1, q-1), (p, q-1), (p+1, q-1) }.Above-mentioned conclusion is set up apparent, by constantly dwindling beamwidth resolution, thereby efficiently finds the initial solution of Rosenbrock algorithm search.
Based on above-mentioned analysis, embodiment of the invention medium wave beam search processing method can adopt two stages in rough search stage and fine search stage to carry out.Fig. 1 is one embodiment of the invention wave beam search processing method flow chart, and as shown in Figure 1, this method comprises:
Signal transmitting terminal and signal receiving end reach optimum in order to satisfy the intensity that receives signal, can find by the wave beam search before communication and want good communication beams numbering.It is mutual that certain signal transmits and receives, and signal receiving end also transmits, and the signal transmitting terminal also receives signal accordingly.Therefore the embodiment of the invention only considers that an end transmits for convenience of explanation, and the other end receives the situation of signal.And with responder as the signal transmitting terminal, with the request end as signal receiving end, the request end is after receiving the signal of responder emission, and the wave beam searching method that provides by present embodiment finds and levels off to the right suboptimal solution of optimal beam, even can find the optimal beam of communication right.
The rough search stage in the wave beam searching method that this step provides for present embodiment, request end and responder number of antennas separately should keep similar number in this stage, after finishing rough search, request end and responder double number of antennas separately.And with the rough search result of the last time initial solution as this rough search.
Particularly, request end and responder at first carry out session request/affirmation flow process, and after this flow process was finished, request end request responder transmitted, and responder is launched first signal with current number of antennas to the request end, and the current number of antennas of responder for example is 2
i, wherein i is natural number.When initial, the number of antennas of request end and responder can be 2 (being i=1), the request end receives responder with first signal of 2 antenna emissions, the wave beam of the received signal power maximum of definite this first signal correspondence is right then, can to travel through all possible wave beam on the 2-D plane successively right with the wave beam of determining the received energy maximum in (number of antennas of request end and response section is 2) request end when initial, and it is right for example to be referred to as current wave beam.
The request end determine current wave beam to after, repeat the step of first search, if the i after upgrading is greater than predetermined searching times then stop the step of first search, and with current wave beam to as initial solution, carry out fine search further for the fine search stage.Described in the embodiment of the invention first search comprises the steps:
The request end determine current wave beam to after, the numerical value that upgrades i synchronously with responder for example can be put i=i+1 synchronously with synchronous renewal number of antennas separately, that is to say synchronously number of antennas is doubled.Then, the request end asks responder to transmit again, 2 after responder continues to upgrade
2Root antenna emission secondary signal.After the request end receives this secondary signal, with first wave beam to being that initial solution determines that the wave beam of the corresponding received energy maximum of this signal is right, it is right for example to be referred to as second wave beam, and upgrading current wave beam to being second wave beam to being about to second wave beam to right as current wave beam, second wave beam is to also just correspondingly becoming the initial solution in fine search stage.Detailed process can for the request end travel through successively first wave beam on the 2-D plane to around eight wave beams right, second wave beam of received signal power maximum that obtains described secondary signal correspondence is right.
Request end and responder continue above-mentioned cyclic process, and number of antennas is provided with 2
3, the request end again with second wave beam to being that initial solution determines that responder is with 2
3The wave beam of the corresponding received energy maximum of the signal that the root antenna is launched is right.From the above, be 2 in definite number of antennas
I+1Corresponding optimum beam to the time, be to be 2 with number of antennas
iCorresponding optimum beam is to the initial solution as this search, and above-mentioned steps is carried out in circulation successively, until through the i that upgrades greater than predetermined searching times.
Circulation is carried out the i of step after upgrading of above-mentioned rough search greater than predetermined searching times successively.Searching times in the embodiment of the invention is that the maximum antenna number according to the request end arranges.Through after the rough search flow process of described searching times, just finished the rough search stage in the wave beam searching method that present embodiment provides, be next step and carry out the fine search stage initial solution preferably is provided, below enter the fine search stage.Particularly, the request end in rough search step each time, determine corresponding optimal beam to after, the operation of putting i=i+1, the i after renewal is known in judgement is less than or equal to searching times, then proceeds this rough search step; If the i great-than search number of times after the renewal is known in judgement, then finish the rough search stage, and enter the fine search stage.Comprise that specifically the request end repeats the step of second search, stop the step of second search if the signal that receives reaches predetermined accuracy, with initial solution as optimal beam to and with optimal beam to the push-notification-answer end.Wherein, described second search comprises the steps:
Request end and responder are updated to number of antennas maximum antenna number separately synchronously, and namely its maximum number of antennas is arranged to the work antenna of self in the request end, and responder also is arranged to its maximum number of antennas with the work antenna of self.Then, the request end is continued the request responder and is transmitted, and responder just sends signal with its maximum antenna number to the request end after receiving request.After the request end receives this signal, to the initial solution as pre-defined algorithm, determine that based on pre-defined algorithm the wave beam of search is right next time with current wave beam.Current wave beam described herein is to for the i of request end after renewal is known in judgement during greater than predetermined searching times, the wave beam of the received signal power maximum of determining before the request end is right, that is to say be the request end finish the rough search stage institute finally definite optimal beam is right.
Certainly present embodiment also can be made as the condition that stops described first search: i reaches predetermined searching times (being the searching times that i equals to be scheduled to), but not necessarily greater than described number of times, present embodiment is not done restriction to this.
Carry out in the process in fine search stage the request end, can adopt pre-defined algorithm to carry out the wave beam search, obtains to level off to the right result of optimal beam by pre-defined algorithm.The request end with finish the rough search stage the final optimal beam of determining to the initial solution as this pre-defined algorithm, the wave beam of determining next time to carry out the wave beam search is right.After determining, the request end based on the wave beam of the search of determining next time to generating an indication, the push-notification-answer end is adjusted next time launching beam according to this indication, then the request end upgrade initial solution be the wave beam of search next time to the wave beam of the search next time that is about to determine to as the initial solution of searching for again next time.Particularly, the request end is according to arithmetic result push-notification-answer end wave beam numbering next time, and adjusts the received beam of self simultaneously.Responder just can be adjusted the launching beam that next time transmits according to indication wherein after receiving notice.
Fine search adjustment process through above-mentioned several times, the request end reaches predetermined accuracy if judge the signal that receives in certain fine search process once, for example whether reach modes such as requirement by the received power of judging signal, the request end just can stop the step that the fine search flow process namely stops second search.And with the final result of the corresponding optimal beam of this fine search to searching for as wave beam, be notified to responder, after this request end begins to communicate by letter with this optimal beam with responder is convenient.
The wave beam search processing method that the embodiment of the invention provides, by rough search and two stages of fine search, wave beam is searched for the abstract problem of seeking globally optimal solution that becomes, realized the coordination search of communicating pair, possesses good search performance, can significantly promote the efficient of wave beam search, shorten required time and the power consumption of wave beam search.
Carry out the pre-defined algorithm that fine search adopts during the stage in the embodiment of the invention and can adopt aforesaid Rosenbrock algorithm, can certainly adopt other algorithms, progressively approach optimal solution as long as can satisfy.
In the above-described embodiments, the step that responder upgrades number of antennas can adopt following dual mode to carry out, a kind of mode be request end and responder both sides all based on the predetermined update cycle, upgrade number of antennas automatically, namely behind process one-period T, just carry out the operation of i=i+1 synchronously.Another kind of mode is that the request end sends the Indication message that upgrades number of antennas to responder, and the request end is after the rough search step that executes each time, and the push-notification-answer end is carried out the operation of i=i+1, and self also carries out the operation of i=i+1 synchronously.
In the above-described embodiments, the request end is in the process of carrying out the rough search stage, if judge and know that received signal has also reached predetermined accuracy, then the request end can with this moment determined current wave beam to directly as optimal beam to the push-notification-answer end, be the request end with current wave beam as final wave beam Search Results, and directly the push-notification-answer end is right for the optimal beam that communicates, to carry out subsequent communications.Certainly, also can carry out the fine search stage again to approach optimal solution more.Specifically can set according to the actual requirements, the former delays time less, and latter's precision is higher.
All in all, the wave beam searching method that the embodiment of the invention provides and existing 802.11ad draft standard have good compatibility feature, only need working equipment to comprise specific calculating searching algorithm engine and get final product.Definition wave beam training frames structure can keep compatible mutually in design Signalling exchange and the existing mark, namely has the searching process of the feedback channel coordinating and unifying in the existing standard.The request end can send the feedback frame to responder by feedback channel, and this feedback frame comprises the field that is used to indicate wave beam adjustment direction at least, and is used to indicate the field that wave beam is adjusted length.The feedback frame structure that this searching algorithm adopts is as shown in table 1.
Table 1
As above shown in the table, the feedback frame can be made of the length of a byte.The 8th: the wave beam numbering is adjusted direction: 0 for reducing wave beam numbering direction, and 1 for increasing wave beam numbering direction (the wave beam numbering is carried out serial number from-90 degree to 90 degree); 1-7 position: provide the relative length that wave beam is adjusted with 2 system forms.Example: if the current wave beam of responder is numbered i, after it received the feedback frame, the wave beam numbering was adjusted and is become next time: i+3.
The wave beam that the embodiment of the invention provides is searched processing method, by means of Rosenbrock pattern search mechanism, realized the coordination search of communicating pair, possesses good search performance, can significantly promote the efficient of wave beam search, shorten required time and the power consumption of wave beam search, be extremely important for the 60GHzWPANs millimeter-wave communication system.
Fig. 2 is another embodiment of the present invention wave beam search processing method flow chart, and as shown in Figure 2, this method comprises:
Step 1a, the session request that wave beam is aimed at is initiated in the request end, and the request end will start search engine in subsequent searches;
Step 2a, responder return and confirm request;
Step 3a, the wave beam number is determined according to its maximum antenna number in the request end, it is searching times m that coarse search process number of times is set, and current coarse search counter i=1 is set;
For example the request end number of antennas is 32, and the receiving terminal number of antennas is 64, m can be set to 5.In addition, the initial value of i can be set (be that i initially can not be made as 1, and begin according to predetermined initial value) according to actual conditions.
Step 4a, request end and responder both sides launch the work number of antennas and are set to 2
i, responder transmits to the request end;
Step 5a, the request end is at the possible wave beam of 2-D plane traversal institute, and the optimal beam label of determining the received energy maximum is right, puts i=i+1;
Step 6a, the request end judges that whether i is greater than m; If then jump to step 10a, otherwise continue next step;
Step 7a, the request end is initial solution with current optimal solution, travel through on the 2-D plane this initial solution successively around eight wave beams right; If current optimal solution be (p, q), then current optimal solution eight wave beams on every side to be (p+1, q), (p+1, q+1), (p, q+1), (p-1, q+1), (p-1, q), (p-1, q-1), (p, q-1), (p+1, q-1) };
Step 8a, the request end is definite and the maximum wave beam of renewal reception signal energy is right, and i=i+1 is set;
Step 9a, request end and responder both sides launch the work number of antennas and are set to 2
i, responder transmits to the request end, jumps to step 6a;
Step 10a, transmitting terminal and the receiving terminal number of antennas of will working is set to separately maximum antenna number; The wave beam adjustment indication that the subsequent response end then receives according to feedback channel adopts respective beam to transmit in search next time;
Step 11a utilizes the signal power that receives, request end operation Rosenbrock algorithm, and determine that the wave beam of search is right next time;
Does step 12a judge that the Rosenbrock algorithm stops? if jump to step 15a; Otherwise, carry out next step;
Step 13a, the request end utilizes feedback channel push-notification-answer end wave beam numbering next time, adjusts self received beam simultaneously;
Step 14a, responder is adjusted launching beam next time according to the wave beam number information that receives; Jump to step 11a;
Step 15a, the request end stops the wave beam searching algorithm, utilizes feedback channel push-notification-answer section optimal beam numbering;
Step 16a, the request end utilizes optimal beam to begin to communicate by letter with the responder both sides.
The wave beam searching method that the embodiment of the invention provides, suppose that channel has under the reciprocity situation, search engine (algorithm) can run on receiving terminal and transmitting terminal simultaneously, be that same input will produce harmonious Search Results, thereby make receiving terminal and transmitting terminal advance search procedure by same pace on the 2-D plane, can need not feedback signaling this moment and coordinate both wave beam adjustment actions.Under application scenarios widely, the external interference power that receiving terminal and transmitting terminal are subjected to may be inconsistent, causes two ends Search Results forfeiture this moment synchronously, worsens search performance.Therefore, also search engine (algorithm) can be run on any end, by feedback channel Search Results be beamed back the other end, to overcome the search failure under the asymmetric situation of noise.
The wave beam searching method that the embodiment of the invention provides has following beneficial effect:
One, wave beam is searched for the abstract problem of seeking globally optimal solution in the higher dimensional space (above-described embodiment is to be that example describes with the two-dimensional space) that becomes, this cleverly mathematical abstractions be conducive to exploitation wave beam searching algorithm more efficiently;
Two, optimize on the model modeling basis at this, transmitting terminal and receiving terminal have been realized collaboratively searching to greatest extent.This synergistic mechanism will improve search efficiency undoubtedly, shorten search time.This collaborative strategy carries out centralized control: Initiator by request end (Initiator) and adopts relevant dispatch (previous video frames), the wave beam of expectation next time that current decision-making is produced is to push-notification-answer end Responder, Responder is according to the adjustment instruction (wherein comprising wave beam number information next time) that receives, wave beam is numbered being adjusted to respective beam, so that the search operation next time of collaborative Initiator, thereby avoid wave beam numbering blindly to adjust, thereby realize collaboratively searching efficiently;
Three, adopted the optimization search mechanisms, avoided unnecessary search in blindly (traversal) search, each step search all provides positive, a didactic promotion to final optimization solution, thereby effectively reduces search complexity, reduces expense (Overhead) and saves consumed energy.Than existing wave beam search, its algorithm complex is greatly reduced, and it is consuming time to have shortened the wave beam alignment procedures, and this has theory and the realistic meaning of positive important for the 60GHz application apparatus of low complex degree, low-power consumption, low access delay;
Four, along with the numbers of beams purpose increases, the beneficial effect that the wave beam forming technology is brought (lifting of network capacity) will further strengthen, and the corresponding cost that existing wave beam search is paid has then seriously limited this situation.And the complexity of present embodiment method is similar to O (Klog
2N) result (wherein, O represents the high-order exponential function, and K is constant, and N is number of antennas) is then for this high accuracy wave beam forming technology provides prerequisite, with the further communication performance of improving the 60GHz system.
The embodiment of the invention provide the wave beam search plan, be suitable in the 60GHz millimeter-wave communication system wave beam forming technology (being the wave beam search) based on the code book space, than existing search plan, can significantly reduce the search complexity of algorithm, reduce the transmission package header overhead and reduce power consumption.Even if under the situation of big code book space, when existing other searching algorithms were difficult to use because of its high complexity, this algorithm also can be realized wave beam search efficiently.In fact, adopt the wave beam forming technological system for other, also can adopt this algorithm to raise the efficiency, reduce the power consumption of this flow process; On the other hand, allow it to adopt meticulousr wave beam, with the further system communication performance of improving.
Further specify the invention process method below in conjunction with simulation result and have significant beneficial effect.
1-D even linear array in the emulation, wave beam number are set to the twice (this setting is main mentality of designing according to the IEEE802.15.3c relevant criterion also) of number of antennas.Be without loss of generality, the antenna number of transmitting terminal and receiving terminal is N.Clearly, at different send-receive number of antennas, searching algorithm still is suitable for.Correspondingly, the beam modes (also being the code book space) that designs in advance as shown in Figure 3.
Fig. 4 is the target function schematic diagram of embodiment of the invention wave beam searching algorithm, and as shown in Figure 4, and if only if receiving terminal and transmitting terminal wave beam are numbered when identical, and its signal received power reaches maximum; Meanwhile, the target search function connecing-two dimensional surface that Fa wave beam numbering is formed on, have unique optimal value.Fig. 5 is the acquisition track schematic diagram of Rosenbrock algorithm in the embodiment of the invention.As shown in Figure 5, when initial point at random apart from optimal value (through 3 search refinements) within the specific limits, utilize Rosenbrock to optimize searching algorithm and can in limited number of times, find optimal solution (namely finding the combination of optimal beam numbering).
Fig. 6 realizes target optimal power and actual search performance number schematic diagram down for the present invention one emulation embodiment is different, searching times schematic diagram under Fig. 7 realizes for the present invention one emulation embodiment is different, as shown in the figure, establishing many number of antennas in the simulating scenes of present embodiment is 32, the wave beam number is 64, and the search volume is 64 * 64 two-dimentional wave beam numbering planes.Realize that from 200 search this searching algorithm finds optimal solution in most cases; Can search out under the few cases to differ with optimal solution and be no more than 1.5dB suboptimal solution (being intended to reduce search complexity).Indivedual searching times can surpass 40 times, but from 200 independent realizations, its searching times average is about 33, and than linear exhaustive search, its search complexity (wave beam tracking time) can reduce by 50%.Annotate: optimal beam this direction optimum receptivity to providing that the target optimal power adopts traversal search to obtain for send-receive.200 independence then realizes respectively corresponding to different random antenna placing attitude (being linear array normal direction θ) independently.
Fig. 8 realizes target optimal power and actual search performance number schematic diagram down for another emulation of the present invention embodiment is different, searching times schematic diagram under Fig. 9 realizes for another emulation of the present invention embodiment is different, as shown in the figure, many antenna number are respectively 16 and 32 in the simulating scenes of present embodiment, it is 32 and 64 that the wave beam number is respectively, and the search volume is 32 * 64 two-dimentional wave beam numbering planes.The algorithm expansion: when the more side of antenna number moved the coarse search process, the side that array number is few no longer carried out further refinement; Finish after the coarse search etc. the more side of antenna number, operation Rosenbrock optimizes and searches institute's algorithm search performance: search performance does not produce too many influence (and the difference between the optimal beam reduces); Main is, searching times is reduced to 27, is 64 * 64 situation than the wave beam number, and searching times reduces by 6 times.
Figure 10 is embodiment of the invention Rosenbrock searching algorithm complexity schematic diagram, as shown in the figure, with existing exhaustive-linear search (being the curve of " 1 " with label among the figure) compares, the present embodiment algorithm is along with wave beam refinement and array number further increase, and its search performance advantage is (among the figure be the curve of " 2 " with label) more obviously.When the antenna number was 32, this optimization algorithm reduced by 50% than the linear search complexity; Number of antennas is 64 o'clock, optimizes the algorithm search complexity and reduces by 67%; (note that the existing scheme search complexity of IEEE802.11.ad is made as O (2N) in the emulation, and the actual complex degree is O (2N+49) even O (N greater than O (2N)
2), so contrast properties only is its lower bound; And the progressive complexity of IEEE802.15.3c scheme is about O (N
2)).
One of ordinary skill in the art will appreciate that: all or part of step that realizes said method embodiment can be finished by the relevant hardware of program command, aforesaid program can be stored in the computer read/write memory medium, this program is carried out the step that comprises said method embodiment when carrying out; And aforesaid storage medium comprises: various media that can be program code stored such as ROM, RAM, magnetic disc or CD.
Figure 11 is one embodiment of the invention wave beam search process device structural representation, and as shown in figure 11, this wave beam search process device comprises first search module 11 and second search module 12, and wherein, first search module 11 is used for receiving responder with number of antennas 2
iFirst signal of launching, i is natural number, determines that first wave beam of received signal power maximum of the described first signal correspondence is to right as current wave beam; Repeat first search, if i reaches or greater than predetermined searching times then stop described first search, and with described current wave beam to as initial solution; Described first search comprises: described request end and described responder upgrade the numerical value of i synchronously, receive described responder with the number of antennas 2 after upgrading
iThe secondary signal of launching, right to second wave beam of the received signal power maximum of definite described secondary signal correspondence according to described current wave beam, it is right to being described second wave beam to upgrade described current wave beam; Second search module 12 is used for repeating second search, stops described second search if the signal that receives reaches predetermined accuracy, with described initial solution as optimal beam to and with described optimal beam to notifying described responder; Described second search comprises: described request end and described responder are updated to separately maximum antenna number with number of antennas; The described request termination is received the signal of described responder emission, and according to described initial solution, determine that based on pre-defined algorithm the wave beam of search is right next time, based on described next time the search wave beam to generating an indication, notify described responder according to described indication adjustment launching beam next time, and upgrade described initial solution be described next time the search wave beam right.
In the wave beam search process device that present embodiment provides, carry out the rough search stage by first search module, carry out the fine search stage by second search module, by rough search and two stages of fine search, just the abstract problem that becomes a searching globally optimal solution of wave beam search has realized the coordination search of communicating pair, possesses good search performance, can significantly promote the efficient of wave beam search, shorten required time and the power consumption of wave beam search.
Further, first search module 11 is according to the second wave beam right operation of current wave beam to the received signal power maximum of definite secondary signal correspondence, specifically can be before being taken in first search module 11 traversal 2-D planes wave beam to around eight wave beams right, second wave beam of received signal power maximum that obtains the secondary signal correspondence is right.And first search module 11 also be used for reaching predetermined accuracy at the signal that receives, then stop first search, with current wave beam to directly right as optimal beam, and with optimal beam to notifying described responder.Second search module, 12 push-notification-answer ends are adjusted the operation of launching beam next time according to indication, specifically can be that second search module 12 sends the feedback frame by feedback channel to responder, the feedback frame comprises the field that is used to indicate wave beam adjustment direction at least, and is used to indicate the field that wave beam is adjusted length.
The detailed functions of the wave beam search process device that present embodiment provides can repeat no more referring to the handling process of request end among above-mentioned each method embodiment herein.
The wave beam search process device that the embodiment of the invention provides is by optimizing search mechanisms, avoided unnecessary search in blindly (traversal) search, each step search all provides positive, a didactic promotion to final optimization solution, thereby effectively reduces search complexity, saves consumed energy.Than existing wave beam search, its algorithm complex is greatly reduced, and it is consuming time to have shortened the wave beam alignment procedures, and this has theory and the realistic meaning of positive important for the 60GHz application apparatus of low complex degree, low-power consumption, low access delay.
Figure 12 is that embodiment of the invention wave beam search processing system is formed schematic diagram, as shown in figure 12, the responder 2 that this wave beam search processing system comprises be used to the request end 1 of carrying out the wave beam search and is used for transmitting, wherein, request end 1 includes the wave beam search process device that above-mentioned each wave beam search process device embodiment provides, its function and wave beam search handling process can repeat no more referring to the various embodiments described above herein.
In the wave beam search processing system that present embodiment provides, the wave beam search process device is by rough search and two stages of fine search, just wave beam is searched for the abstract problem of seeking globally optimal solution that becomes, realized the coordination search of communicating pair, possesses good search performance, can significantly promote the efficient of wave beam search, shorten required time and the power consumption of wave beam search.
It should be noted that at last: above embodiment only in order to technical scheme of the present invention to be described, is not intended to limit; Although with reference to previous embodiment the present invention is had been described in detail, those of ordinary skill in the art is to be understood that: it still can be made amendment to the technical scheme that aforementioned each embodiment puts down in writing, and perhaps part technical characterictic wherein is equal to replacement; And these modifications or replacement do not make the essence of appropriate technical solution break away from the spirit and scope of various embodiments of the present invention technical scheme.
Claims (11)
1. a wave beam search processing method is characterized in that, comprising:
The request end receives responder with number of antennas 2
iFirst signal of launching, i is natural number, determines that first wave beam of received signal power maximum of the described first signal correspondence is to right as current wave beam; Repeat first search, if reach or greater than predetermined searching times then stop described first search through the i that upgrades, and with described current wave beam to as initial solution; Described first search comprises: described request end and described responder upgrade the numerical value of i synchronously, receive described responder with the number of antennas 2 after upgrading
iThe secondary signal of launching, right to second wave beam of the received signal power maximum of definite described secondary signal correspondence according to described current wave beam, it is right to being described second wave beam to upgrade described current wave beam;
The described request end repeats second search, stops described second search if the signal that receives reaches predetermined accuracy, with described initial solution as optimal beam to and with described optimal beam to notifying described responder; Described second search comprises: described request end and described responder are updated to separately maximum antenna number with number of antennas; The described request termination is received the signal of described responder emission, and according to described initial solution, determine that based on pre-defined algorithm the wave beam of search is right next time, based on described next time the search wave beam to generating an indication, notify described responder according to described indication adjustment launching beam next time, and upgrade described initial solution be described next time the search wave beam right; Wherein, described pre-defined algorithm is the Rosenbrock algorithm.
2. wave beam search processing method according to claim 1 is characterized in that, the described request end according to described current wave beam to second wave beam of the received signal power maximum of determining described secondary signal correspondence to comprising:
The above current wave beam of described request end traversal 2-D plane to around eight wave beams right, second wave beam of received signal power maximum that obtains described secondary signal correspondence is right.
3. wave beam search processing method according to claim 2 is characterized in that, if described current wave beam to be (p, q), then described current wave beam to around eight wave beams to be (p+1, q), (p+1, q+1), (p, q+1), (p-1, q+1), (p-1, q), (p-1, q-1), (p, q-1), (p+1, q-1) }.
4. wave beam search processing method according to claim 1 is characterized in that, described responder upgrades number of antennas and comprises:
Described request end and described responder upgrade number of antennas automatically based on the predetermined update cycle; Or
The described request end sends the Indication message that upgrades number of antennas to described responder.
5. according to the arbitrary described wave beam search processing method of claim 1 to 4, it is characterized in that described method also comprises:
Stop described first search if the signal that receives reaches predetermined accuracy, with described current wave beam to directly right as optimal beam, and with described optimal beam to notifying described responder.
6. according to the arbitrary described wave beam search processing method of claim 1 to 4, it is characterized in that the described request end notifies described responder to comprise according to described indication adjustment launching beam next time:
The described request end sends the feedback frame by feedback channel to described responder, and described feedback frame comprises the field that is used to indicate wave beam adjustment direction at least, and is used to indicate the field that wave beam is adjusted length.
7. a wave beam search process device is characterized in that, comprising:
First search module is used for receiving responder with number of antennas 2
iFirst signal of launching, i is natural number, determines that first wave beam of received signal power maximum of the described first signal correspondence is to right as current wave beam; Repeat first search, if i reaches or greater than predetermined searching times then stop described first search, and with described current wave beam to as initial solution; Described first search comprises: described request end and described responder upgrade the numerical value of i synchronously, receive described responder with the number of antennas 2 after upgrading
iThe secondary signal of launching, right to second wave beam of the received signal power maximum of definite described secondary signal correspondence according to described current wave beam, it is right to being described second wave beam to upgrade described current wave beam;
Second search module is used for repeating second search, stops described second search if the signal that receives reaches predetermined accuracy, with described initial solution as optimal beam to and with described optimal beam to notifying described responder; Described second search comprises: described request end and described responder are updated to separately maximum antenna number with number of antennas; The described request termination is received the signal of described responder emission, and according to described initial solution, determine that based on pre-defined algorithm the wave beam of search is right next time, based on described next time the search wave beam to generating an indication, notify described responder according to described indication adjustment launching beam next time, and upgrade described initial solution be described next time the search wave beam right; Wherein, described pre-defined algorithm is the Rosenbrock algorithm.
8. wave beam search process device according to claim 7 is characterized in that, described first search module also is used for:
The above current wave beam of traversal 2-D plane to around eight wave beams right, second wave beam of received signal power maximum that obtains described secondary signal correspondence is right.
9. according to claim 7 or 8 described wave beam search process devices, it is characterized in that described first search module also is used for:
Stop described first search if the signal that receives reaches predetermined accuracy, with described current wave beam to directly right as optimal beam, and with described optimal beam to notifying described responder.
10. according to claim 7 or 8 described wave beam search process devices, it is characterized in that described second search module also is used for:
Send the feedback frame by feedback channel to described responder, described feedback frame comprises the field that is used to indicate wave beam adjustment direction at least, and is used to indicate the field that wave beam is adjusted length.
11. a wave beam search processing system, the responder that comprises be used to the request end of carrying out the wave beam search and be used for transmitting is characterized in that the described request end comprises as the arbitrary described wave beam search process device of claim 7 to 10.
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| CN 201110120022 CN102164374B (en) | 2011-05-10 | 2011-05-10 | Method, device and system for processing beam searching |
| PCT/CN2012/073970 WO2012152167A1 (en) | 2011-05-10 | 2012-04-13 | Wave beam search processing method, device and system |
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| CN 201110120022 CN102164374B (en) | 2011-05-10 | 2011-05-10 | Method, device and system for processing beam searching |
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| CN102164374B (en) * | 2011-05-10 | 2013-09-11 | 华为技术有限公司 | Method, device and system for processing beam searching |
| CN102394680B (en) * | 2011-11-01 | 2014-03-26 | 北京邮电大学 | Beam searching method used in multibeam switching antenna system |
| CA2858171C (en) * | 2011-12-15 | 2017-12-05 | Intel Corporation | Use of location information in multi-radio devices for mmwave beamforming |
| CN103812547A (en) * | 2012-11-14 | 2014-05-21 | 中兴通讯股份有限公司 | Communication device and method and device for beam forming |
| CN103052086B (en) * | 2013-01-22 | 2016-09-07 | 华为技术有限公司 | A kind of millimeter wave phased array beam alignment methods and communication equipment |
| CN110401472B (en) * | 2014-09-17 | 2021-03-09 | 上海朗帛通信技术有限公司 | 3D MIMO transmission method and device |
| CN106575984B (en) * | 2014-12-31 | 2021-03-30 | 华为技术有限公司 | Antenna alignment method and system |
| WO2016119123A1 (en) * | 2015-01-27 | 2016-08-04 | Telefonaktiebolaget Lm Ericsson (Publ) | Method and user equipment for an search |
| CN104935366B (en) * | 2015-04-21 | 2018-01-02 | 北京航空航天大学 | Beam search method in millimetre-wave attenuator |
| WO2017028875A1 (en) * | 2015-08-14 | 2017-02-23 | Huawei Technologies Co., Ltd. | Access node, user node and method for determining at least one beamforming parameter |
| CN107135021B (en) * | 2016-02-29 | 2021-10-15 | 中兴通讯股份有限公司 | Uplink beam tracking method and corresponding terminal and base station |
| US10715236B2 (en) * | 2017-01-05 | 2020-07-14 | Guangdong Oppo Mobile Telecommunications Corp., Ltd. | Wireless communication method and apparatus |
| CN108183739B (en) * | 2017-12-20 | 2020-12-01 | 中国联合网络通信集团有限公司 | Beam searching method and device |
| CN109495140B (en) * | 2018-03-12 | 2021-02-19 | 徐立 | Beam search tracking wireless communication system and beam search tracking method |
| US10492130B1 (en) * | 2019-03-20 | 2019-11-26 | Qualcomm Incorporated | Search scheduling for wireless communications |
| CN111123250B (en) * | 2019-12-30 | 2021-09-28 | 成都汇蓉国科微系统技术有限公司 | Pulse Doppler radar based on pattern search algorithm and beam forming method |
| CN111510188B (en) * | 2020-03-11 | 2021-06-29 | 北京邮电大学 | Beam searching method and device |
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| US6694154B1 (en) * | 1997-11-17 | 2004-02-17 | Ericsson Inc. | Method and apparatus for performing beam searching in a radio communication system |
| CN1262130C (en) * | 2003-03-31 | 2006-06-28 | 大唐移动通信设备有限公司 | Method of estimating space reaching direction of fixed wave beam |
| CN101119147B (en) * | 2006-08-01 | 2013-08-07 | 中兴通讯股份有限公司 | Method and device of estimating space arrival direction |
| EP1912347A1 (en) * | 2006-10-11 | 2008-04-16 | Nokia Siemens Networks Gmbh & Co. Kg | Method, mobile station and base station for transmitting data in a mobile communication system |
| US8254486B2 (en) * | 2007-09-28 | 2012-08-28 | Intel Corporation | Unified closed loop SU/MU-MIMO signaling and codebook design |
| CN102164374B (en) * | 2011-05-10 | 2013-09-11 | 华为技术有限公司 | Method, device and system for processing beam searching |
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