CN102160909A - 具有应变计传感器的导管 - Google Patents

具有应变计传感器的导管 Download PDF

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CN102160909A
CN102160909A CN2010106244213A CN201010624421A CN102160909A CN 102160909 A CN102160909 A CN 102160909A CN 2010106244213 A CN2010106244213 A CN 2010106244213A CN 201010624421 A CN201010624421 A CN 201010624421A CN 102160909 A CN102160909 A CN 102160909A
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A·戈瓦里
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Abstract

本发明公开了一种医疗探针,其包括柔性插入管,所述柔性插入管具有用于插入到患者的体腔内的远端,并且被构造成可与体腔内的组织接触。所述探针还包括弹性材料的传感器管,所述传感器管被包含于所述插入管的远端内,并被构造成可随所述组织施加于所述远端的力而变形。所述探针还包括多个应变计,所述多个应变计固定地附着在传感器管表面上不同的相应位置处,并被构造成可根据所述传感器管的变形而产生相应的信号。

Description

具有应变计传感器的导管
技术领域
本发明一般地涉及侵入式医疗器械,具体地说,本发明涉及用于插入身体器官中的探针结构。
背景技术
在一些诊断和治疗技术中,导管被插入心室中并与心脏内壁接触。在此类手术中,通常很重要的一点是导管远端头以足够的压力接合心内膜以确保良好的接触。然而,压力过大可能会对心脏组织造成不希望的损伤,甚至造成心壁穿孔。
例如,在心内射频(RF)消融的情况下,在远端头处具有电极的导管经由病人的血管系统插入心室。电极会与心内膜上的一个(或多个)位点接触,射频能量经导管施加到电极,以消融位点处的心脏组织。为了在对组织没有过度损伤的情况下达到所需的治疗效果,消融期间电极与心内膜之间必须有合适的接触。
许多专利出版物描述了具有用于感测组织接触的一体化压力传感器的导管。作为一个例子,Saurav等人的美国专利申请公开2007/0100332描述了评价用于组织消融的电极-组织接触的系统和方法,其公开内容以引用方式并入本文中。导管轴内的机电式传感器产生对应于导管轴远端部分内电极移动量的电信号。输出装置接收用于评价电极与组织之间接触水平的电信号。
上述说明描述了本领域中相关技术的总体概述,不应当被解释为是对所包含的任何信息构成本专利申请的现有技术的一种承认。
发明内容
本发明的一个实施例提供一种医疗探针,其包括:
柔性插入管,所述柔性插入管具有用于插入到患者体腔内的远端,并且被构造成可与体腔内的组织接触;
传感器管,所述传感器管包括弹性材料,所述传感器管被包含于所述插入管的远端内,并被构造成可随组织施加于远端的力而变形;以及
多个应变计,所述多个应变计固定地附着在传感器管表面上不同的相应位置处,并被构造成可根据传感器管的变形而产生相应的信号。
通常,所述传感器管固定地附着于插入管的远端内,所述传感器管的表面可包括所述传感器管的外部弯曲表面。
在一个实施例中,所述相应的信号被形成为可产生作用于所述远端的末端上的某一大小及某个方向的压力。作为另外一种选择或除此之外,所述相应的信号被形成为可产生所述远端的末端的某一大小及某个方向的挠曲。
多个应变计可相对于传感器管的轴线对称地布置,并且除此之外,所述多个应变计可被布置在传感器管的表面的一个圆周上,其中所述圆周的位置相对于传感器管居中。
在一个公开的实施例中,所述多个应变计具有各自的应变计方向,并且所述应变计固定地附着于传感器管的表面,使得各应变计方向平行于所述传感器管的轴线。
在另一公开的实施例中,所述探针包括至少一个温度补偿应变计,其被构成为可产生信号来补偿所述多个应变计的温度变化。所述至少一个温度补偿应变计可安装在具有块-热质的块上,其中所述传感器管的组件-管-热质可等于所述块-热质。
所述至少一个温度补偿应变计可安装在所述块的不随传感器管的变形而变形的位置上。
所述至少一个温度补偿应变计可具有被构成为与所述传感器管的轴线正交的温度补偿应变计方向。
根据一个本发明公开的实施例,还提供了一种用于制造医疗探针的方法,包括:
提供柔性插入管,所述柔性插入管具有用于插入到患者的体腔内的远端,并且被构造成可与体腔内的组织接触;
在所述插入管的远端内安装包括弹性材料的传感器管,所述传感器管被构造成可随组织施加在远端上的力而变形;以及
将多个应变计固定地附着在传感器管表面上不同的相应位置处,所述应变计被构造成可根据所述传感器管的变形而产生相应的信号。
根据一个本发明公开的实施例还提供了一种用于执行医疗手术的设备,其包括:
一种医疗探针,包括:
柔性插入管,所述柔性插入管具有用于插入到患者体腔内的远端,并且被构造成可与体腔内的组织接触;
传感器管,所述传感器管包括弹性材料,所述传感器管被包含于所述插入管的远端内,并被构造成可随组织施加于远端的力而变形;以及
多个应变计,所述多个应变计固定地附着在传感器管表面上不同的相应位置处,并被构造成可根据传感器管的变形而产生相应的信号;以及
操作台,其从所述应变计接收相应的信号,并且作为响应提供有关作用于远端的力的指示。
根据一个本发明公开的实施例,还提供了一种用于执行医疗手术的方法,包括:
提供柔性插入管,所述柔性插入管具有用于插入到患者的体腔内的远端,并且被构造成可与体腔内的组织接触;
在所述插入管的远端内安装包括弹性材料的传感器管,所述传感器管被构造成可随组织施加在远端上的力而变形;
将多个应变计固定地附着在传感器管表面上不同的相应位置处,所述应变计被构造成可根据所述传感器管的变形而产生相应的信号;
在操作台接收相应的信号;以及
响应对相应的信号的接收,在操作台上提供有关作用于远端的力的指示。
通过以下结合附图的实施例的详细说明,将更全面地理解本发明:
附图说明
图1是根据本发明实施例的导管的操作的示意图;
图2A是导管的示意性剖面图,示出了压力感测组件;图2B是根据本发明实施例的压力感测组件的示意性透视图;
图3A是导管的示意性剖面图,示出了可供选择的压力感测组件;图3B是根据本发明实施例的可供选择的压力感测组件的示意性透视图;
图4是根据本发明实施例的另一可供选择的压力感测组件的示意性透视图;以及
图5是根据本发明实施例的又一可供选择的压力感测组件的示意性透视图。
具体实施方式
概述
本发明的实施例提供了一种新型设计的侵入式探针,比如导管。探针包括用于插入患者的体腔内的柔性插入管,在插入管的远端内安装有压力感测组件。所述组件包括弹性材料的管,其具有固定地附着到管的表面(通常是外部弯曲表面)上的不同的相应位置上的多个应变计。通常,有三个或更多个应变计固定地附着到所述表面上。
当探针的远端在体腔中与组织接合时,作用于远端的力使探针弯曲和/或受压,并且使得弹性材料的管变形。根据力的大小和相对于管的方向,管的变形包括其上附着有应变计的管表面的一些部位的伸展和/或收缩。应变计根据其上附着有应变计的管的部位的变形而提供相应的信号,处理单元根据应变计的信号计算所述远端上的(由所述力引起的)压力。处理单元还可根据所述信号计算所述远端的挠曲。
与本领域公知的其它压力感测装置相比,附着于弹性管上的应变计的组合提供更简单且制造成本更低的可靠、准确的压力感测装置。
具体实施方式
图1是根据本发明的实施例的导管20的操作的示意图。如图1所示,导管20的近端连接到由导管的操作者控制的操作台21上。在用导管进行医疗手术的同时,操作者还用控制件(未示出)操纵导管。操作台21包括处理单元(PU)23,其尤其接收并分析来自导管20的远端处的元件的信号。所述元件和信号分析将在以下更加详细地描述。处理单元23使用存储在存储器25中的软件,所述软件通常包括查找表27,所述查找表用于信号分析以及用于执行与导管操作相关的其它功能。所述软件可按照电子形式通过网络下载到操作台21中,例如,作为另外一种选择或除此之外,所述软件被提供和/或存储在有形介质(例如,磁性、光学或电子存储器)上。
导管20包括柔性插入管26。图1的下部示意性地示出了心脏22的心室,示出了导管20的柔性插入管26位于心脏中。导管通常经由皮肤通过诸如腔静脉或主动脉的血管插入到心脏中。固定地附着于管的远端24的管26的末端28与心内膜组织30接合。通常,末端28包括电极,其可用于消融。然而,并不要求末端28包括电极,所述末端可包括任何其它元件,例如摄像机。为了简明起见,在以下描述中假设末端28包括电极,本领域普通技术人员应当能够修改以下描述,在细节上作适当修改后将所述描述用于其它类型的末端。末端28对心内膜施加的力使心内膜组织局部地变形,并导致心内膜作用于所述末端上的抵抗力。
在图示实例中,末端28与心内膜正对着接合。所述抵抗力使得插入管26的远端24轻微地受压。作为另外一种选择(未示出),所述末端与心内膜以某个角度接合。在这种情况下,来自心内膜的所述抵抗力使所述管的远端24弯曲,并且还可能压缩所述远端。如以下更加详细的描述,本发明的实施例测量了正对着接合或成角度接合导致的每一种类型的变形,并且所述测量结果给出关于所述力的方向和大小以及关于导致变形的压力的指示。(所述测量结果还可给出关于末端28的挠曲的指示。)
导管20的操作者可将压力指示用来确保末端28足够稳固地并且沿着所需方向挤压心内膜,以得到期望的结果,而不会用力太大或者沿着导致对组织造成不期望的损伤的方向。2007年10月8日提交的Govari等人的美国专利申请20090093806描述了一种以相似的方式使用压力感测导管的系统,其公开内容以引用方式并入本文中。导管20可以用在这样的系统中。
所述挠曲指示可被操作者用来判断末端28是否正确定位。
图2A是导管20的示意性剖面图,示出了安装在插入管26的远端24中的压力感测组件40,而图2B是根据本发明实施例的压力感测组件的示意性透视图。压力感测组件40包括弹性材料(通常为金属材料)的薄壁管42,并且在本文中所述管还被称作传感器管42。所述传感器管通常为中空的直圆柱体的形状,其具有对称轴线46。形成所述管的弹性材料可包括超弹性合金,例如镍钛合金(镍钛诺)。对于心脏内应用,管42的总长可为约5mm,壁厚为约0.1mm,外径为约2mm。作为另外一种选择,在其它应用中,传感器管42的尺寸可大于或小于以上举例说明的那些尺寸。
为了清楚起见,在以下描述中,假设传感器管42在xyz正交轴系中取向并对齐,如图2A所示,(x-轴和y-轴位于纸面内),使得轴线46平行于x-轴。然而,应当理解,本发明的实施例事实上可在任何取向上实现其功能。
多个应变计44A、44B、44C......固定地附着到传感器管42的表面48上。在以下描述中,除非另外指出,假设表面48包括管42的外部弯曲表面。应变计44A、44B、44C......在本文中还一般被称为应变计44,并且还被称为应变测量计44。
通常,应变计44为基本上相同的类型。有多种不同类型的应变计(即提供关于材料变形量的指示的应变计)为本领域所公知。例如,应变计44可包括金属箔应变计或半导体应变计(后者利用压致电阻效应),其分别通过金属或半导体中的电阻的变化来指示应变。作为另外一种选择,应变计44可包括能够提供应变指示的其它装置,例如压电晶体或光纤,所述压电晶体根据随应变在晶体两端产生的电势来指示应变,所述光纤通过光纤的特征变化(例如在光纤中形成的衍射光栅的谐振波长)来指示应变。所述光纤特征通常由通过光纤传输的辐射来评价。
在说明书和权利要求书中,假设术语“应变计”和“应变测量计”包括任何装置,例如以上举例说明的能够提供应变指示的那些装置。为了简明起见,除非另外指明,否则在以下描述中假设应变测量计44包括金属箔应变计。
应变计通常测量沿相对于它的特定方向的应变,这里称作“应变计方向”。附图中,特定应变计的应变计方向用附加在应变计符号上的双头箭头表示。因此,通过举例的方式以及如图2A和图2B所示,应变计44共同对齐,使它们的应变计方向均平行于x轴。然而,并不要求应变计44的应变计方向共同对齐,有些实施例中应变计方向不相同。
在所公开的实施例的以下描述中,假设存在三个应变测量计44A、44B和44C,它们相对于传感器管42对称地布置。应当理解,应变计相对于传感器管的这种对称布置有助于确定施加在末端28上的压力的大小和方向以及末端挠曲的大小和方向,无论压力的方向如何。另外,在本发明公开的实施例中,应变计44A、44B和44C在管的外表面的共同圆周50上固定地附着到管42上。共同圆周50的位置通常相对于管42居中,并且其与轴线46正交,因此其位于yz平面内。应当理解,对于末端28上的给定压力,圆周50的居中位置一般可提高从应变计44读取的值。
应变计的附着可利用任何方便的粘结材料(例如,氰基丙烯酸酯系粘合剂)来实现。应变计通常被附着成使它们对称地布置在圆周50上,并且使它们具有上述的应变计方向,即平行于x轴。
但是,在本发明的其它实施例中,所述多个应变测量计44可包括大于或等于2的任何整数个应变测量计,且并不要求所述多个应变测量计相对于管42对称布置。以下参照图5描述应变计非对称布置的实施例。
每个应变计44通常通过相应的布线连接至处理单元23(图1)。在图2A中,示出了用于应变计44B的布线52和用于应变计44C的布线54。用于应变计44的布线在本文中被总体称作布线55。根据应变计的类型,布线55通常可包括双绞线或光缆。通过所述布线,信号被传输至处理单元23,其被构造成可分析所述信号以确定每个应变计的应变。
导管的插入管26包括外部柔性管状护套60,其包封导管的工作部分。所述工作部分包括一些元件,例如导电布线和/或传输流体的管子和/或用于引导导管20的拉线。为了简明起见,图2A中没有示出导管的这些工作部分。护套60通常包括具有加固成分的塑料组合物,所述加固成分例如包含在所述组合物中的金属丝。
压力感测组件40固定地附着于所述护套60上。通过举例的方式,假设所述附着通过两个大体相似的环56、58来实现。环56、58的内径等于传感器管42的外径,而环的外径等于护套60的内径。环56、58通常设置在传感器管的各个端部。在布置过程中,组件40可通过将粘合剂或粘固剂涂敷到环56、58的内外圆周上而固定地附着于护套60。环56、58通常被构造成使得组件40一经附着于护套60上,组件就相对于护套(即相对于远端24)对称地布置。
环56、58是将组件40固定地附着于护套60的一种可能的方法。本领域普通技术人员应当理解,作为替代或除了环56、58之外,还可使用其他的附着方法,例如在所述组件和护套之间使用多个间隔件。所有这类方法都被认为被包含在本发明的范围内。
组件40一经被固定地安装在远端24内,就可在导管用于如上所述的侵入式手术之前对组件进行校准。所述校准包括通过将大小和方向均已知的力施加于远端24,通常将这样的力施加于末端28。在以下描述中,假设这些已知的力已用力所作用的末端28的有效面积转换为对应的已知压力。施加的已知的压力包括一定范围的正向压力以及一定范围(以大小和方向给出)的成角度压力,并且所述压力使得传感器管42产生对应的变形。对于每个已知的压力,由附着于传感器管上的应变计44产生的应变的测量结果被记录并作为导管20的校准参数被存储,例如作为查找表27在存储器25中。
施加的已知压力产生末端28的对应的各种挠曲。所述挠曲的方向和大小均可被测量,并且假定(通过举例的方式)也被包含于导管20的校准参数中。
应当理解,上述校准过程(即产生查找表)是可用来校准组件40的多种方法之一。
校准所述组件的其它方法为本领域普通技术人员所熟知。例如,可以编写出将压力的大小与应变计44的应变值相关联的第一函数和将压力的方向与应变计44的应变值相关联的第二函数。通常,两个函数都采取多项式的形式,其中应变计44的应变值和应变值的更高词幂作为所述多项式的变量,每个变量与相应的系数相乘。对于末端28的挠曲可编写出类似的函数。一般通过将拟合过程应用于所述函数来将以上描述的校准过程用于确定每个函数的系数值。
在校准中确定的公式和系数值可作为以上提及的校准参数存储在存储器25中。
诸如上述的那些方法的所有校准方法均被认为包括在本发明的范围内。
在例如以上举例说明的侵入式手术过程中,处理单元23确定每个应变计44测量的“原始”应变值。处理单元访问存储在存储器25中的校准参数,以根据原始应变值评价作用于末端28上的压力的大小和方向的值以及末端挠曲的大小和方向的值。确定的值可通常作为显示于操作台21上的图形用户界面的一部分提供给导管20的操作者。
通过处理单元23确定压力和挠曲的大小和方向的值的过程通常包括对原始值的运算,例如平滑化和/或滤波。此外,根据校准参数的类型,可能会需要更多的运算,例如,如果所述校准包括查找表27,则处理单元23可应用诸如内推法或外推法的运算来从应变计44测量的应变值中确定作用于末端28上的压力和/或末端的挠曲的方向和大小。所有这些运算应当为本领域普通技术人员所熟知,并且被认为被包含于本发明的范围内。
图3A是导管20的示意性剖面图,示出了安装在插入管26的远端24中的压力感测组件140,图3B是根据本发明的可供选择的实施例的压力感测组件的示意性透视图。除了以下描述的差别之外,组件140的操作通常类似于组件40的操作(图2A和图2B),并且在组件40和140中用相同的附图标记指示的部件通常在构造和操作方面相似。
应变计44的读数可能会对应变计的温度改变较敏感。由于其尺寸,传感器管42具有较低的热质,因此管周围的环境温度的任何变化通常会引起应变计44温度的对应变化,从而影响从应变计读取的值的准确率。在组件中并入一个或多个温度补偿应变计142,从而组件140可使处理单元23能够补偿这些变化。通常,应变计142与应变计44是相同类型的应变计,并且通过与布线55相似的布线连接到处理单元23。为了简明起见,在图3A和图3B中仅示出了一个温度补偿应变计142,未示出布线。
在本文所述的可供选择的实施例中,假定温度补偿应变计142安装在块144上,所述块的热质通常大约等于所述传感器管42的热质。然而,与管42不同的是,块144被构成并设置在组件140中,当远端24变形时块相对地不挠曲。此外,温度补偿应变计142的应变计方向通常被设置为与应变计44的应变计方向正交,因此,在本文描述的实施例中,应变计142的应变计方向与轴线46正交。因此,温度补偿应变计142具有与应变计44大概相同的温度变化,但是不对应变计44测量的应变作出响应。
通过举例的方式,假定块144为圆盘,其外径等于管42的内径。例如,通过将块设置在传感器管的近端,同时使圆盘轴线148与轴线46重叠,所述块可固定地附着在传感器管42上,如图3A和图3b所示。这种布置方式有助于温度补偿应变计142的定位,使得它们的应变计方向与应变计44的应变计方向正交。通常,块144包括一个或多个孔146,其可用于允许诸如布线之类的部件穿过传感器管42通过。此外,孔146的尺寸可被调整为使块144的热质大概等于管42的热质。
组件140的校准基本上类似于上述组件40的校准。但是,与处理单元23使用来自应变计44的“原始”值来校准组件40不同,处理单元通常使用应变测量计44和温度补偿应变计142之间的差值来产生用于组件140的校准参数。一旦在以上描述的过程中执行了组件140的校准,处理单元23就通常使用两种应变计之间的差值以及组件140的校准参数来确定施加于末端28上的压力以及末端的挠曲的大小和方向。
图4是根据本发明的又一可供选择的实施例的压力感测组件240的示意性透视图。除了以下描述的区别之外,组件240的操作通常类似于组件140(图3A和图3B)的操作,在组件140和240中由相同附图标记指示的部件通常在构造和操作方面相似。组件240通常装在导管20的远端24内,与对于组件140(图3A)的以上描述基本相同。
与组件140不同,在组件240中,温度补偿应变计142不装在块144上,所述块不形成为组件240的部分。相反,在组件240中,应变计142安装在或邻近于传感器管42的不受应变计44测量的应变影响的区域。通过举例的方式,这些区域包括传感器管42的端部,在所述端部,所述管通过环56、58固定地附着在护套60上(图3A和图3B)。因此,通过图4所示的一个温度补偿应变计142的说明,应变计142可安装在传感器管42的内部弯曲表面49上的与管的近端邻近的位置。作为另外一种选择或除此之外,可将至少一些应变计142安装在外部弯曲表面48上的与所述传感器管的近端邻近的位置;在一些情况下,可通过在所述环中设置凹槽而安装在环56或58之下。
与组件140相同,在组件240中,温度补偿应变计142通常被取向为使得它们的应变计方向与应变计44的应变计方向正交。
图5是根据本发明又一可供选择的实施例的压力感测组件340的示意性透视图。除了以下描述的这些不同之外,组件340的操作基本类似于组件40(图2A和2B)的操作,并且在组件40和340中由相同附图标记指示的部件通常在构造和操作方面相似。组件340通常安装在导管20的远端24内,这基本与针对组件40(图2A)的以上描述类似。
通过举例的方式,在组件340中,假设应变测量计44包括五个应变计44D、44E、44F、44G和44H。与组件40不同,在组件340中,所述五个应变计44并不对称地安装在传感器管42上。此外,应变计44D、44E、44F、44G和44H按照非对称的方式安装在管上。与对称布置相比,应变计44的这种相对于传感器管的非对称的设置可在布置应变计的过程中允许更大的灵活性。通常,应变计44均匀配置在圆周50的两侧,即相对于圆周沿着平行于轴线46的正向和负向均匀配置。但是,这种均匀配置不是必要的,在一些实施例中可实施非均匀配置。
由相邻的应变计44与轴线46对向而形成的、与轴线正交地测量的角度可被设置成大概相等。使这些角度相等有助于确定施加于末端28上的压力(不论压力的方向如何),而且有助于确定末端的挠曲(不论压力的方向如何)。
在本发明的一些实施例中,如果压力沿着一个或多个预定方向,则最好测量施加在末端28上的压力和/或末端的挠曲。例如,本领域公知的导管具有将导管沿着一个或多个具体预定方向弯曲的拉线。本发明的实施例便于通过合适地布置应变计44测量沿预定方向的压力和挠曲。
例如,应变计44E和44D可分别重新定位到管42的表面48上的位置342和344,所述位置被选择为使得应变计44E、44F和44D位于表面48的直线346上,其中直线346平行于轴线46。应变计的这种布置使得:与假如应变计44E和44D没有重新布置的情况相比,处理单元23能够更加准确地测量远端24沿预定方向的变形,所述预定方向限定于包括直线346和轴线46的平面内。最终可更准确地测量末端28上的压力和/或挠曲。对于测量远端24沿预定方向的变形,应变计44在管42上的其它布置方式对于本领域普通技术人员应当是显见的,并且所有这些布置方式被认为落于本发明的范围内。
应当理解,以上描述的这些特征可按未作具体描述的多种方式组合。作为第一实例,例如参照组件140和240描述的温度补偿应变计可组装到组件340中。作为第二实例,基本上无论压力的方向如何,并且作为另外一种选择或除此之外,在压力沿着一个或多个预定方向时,在如组件340之类的组件中的应变测量计可被布置成使得它们能够测量压力。
因此,应当理解,上述实施例是以举例的方式进行阐述,本发明不仅限于上文所具体示出和描述的内容。并且,本发明的范围包括上述各种特征的组合和子组合、以及本领域技术人员在阅读上述说明书时可能想到的并且现有技术中未公开的变型形式和修改形式。

Claims (26)

1.一种医疗探针,包括:
柔性插入管,所述柔性插入管具有用于插入到患者的体腔内的远端,并且被构造成可与所述体腔内的组织接触;
传感器管,所述传感器管包括弹性材料,所述传感器管被包含于所述插入管的远端内,并被构造成可随所述组织施加于所述远端上的力而变形;以及
多个应变计,所述多个应变计固定地附着在所述传感器管表面上不同的相应位置处,并被构造成可根据所述传感器管的变形而产生相应的信号。
2.根据权利要求1所述的探针,其中所述传感器管固定地附着于所述插入管的所述远端内。
3.根据权利要求1所述的探针,其中所述传感器管的所述表面包括所述传感器管的外部弯曲表面。
4.根据权利要求1所述的探针,其中所述相应的信号被形成为可产生作用于所述远端的末端上的压力的大小和方向。
5.根据权利要求1所述的探针,其中所述相应的信号被形成为可产生所述远端的末端的挠曲的大小和方向。
6.根据权利要求1所述的探针,其中所述多个应变计相对于所述传感器管的轴线对称地设置。
7.根据权利要求1所述的探针,其中所述多个应变计被布置在所述传感器管的所述表面的圆周上,其中所述圆周的位置相对于所述传感器管居中。
8.根据权利要求1所述的探针,其中所述多个应变计具有各自的应变计方向,并且其中所述应变计固定地附着于传感器管的所述表面,使得所述各自的应变计方向平行于所述传感器管的轴线。
9.根据权利要求1所述的探针,还包括至少一个温度补偿应变计,其被构成为可产生信号来补偿所述多个应变计的温度变化。
10.根据权利要求9所述的探针,其中所述至少一个温度补偿应变计安装在具有块-热质的块上,其中所述传感器管的组件-管-热质等于所述块-热质。
11.根据权利要求10所述的探针,其中所述至少一个温度补偿应变计安装在所述块的不随所述传感器管的变形而变形的位置上。
12.根据权利要求9所述的探针,其中所述至少一个温度补偿应变计的温度补偿应变计方向被配置成与所述传感器管的轴线正交。
13.一种用于制造医疗探针的方法,包括:
提供柔性插入管,所述柔性插入管具有用于插入到患者的体腔内的远端,并且被构造成可与所述体腔内的组织接触;
在所述插入管的所述远端内安装包括弹性材料的传感器管,所述传感器管被构造成可随所述组织施加在所述远端上的力而变形;以及
将多个应变计固定地附着在所述传感器管表面上不同的相应位置处,所述应变计被构造成可根据所述传感器管的变形而产生相应的信号。
14.根据权利要求13所述的方法,其中所述传感器管被固定地附着在所述插入管的所述远端内。
15.根据权利要求13所述的方法,其中所述传感器管的所述表面包括所述传感器管的外部弯曲表面。
16.根据权利要求13所述的方法,其中所述相应的信号被形成为可产生作用于所述远端的末端上的压力的大小和方向。
17.根据权利要求13所述的方法,其中所述相应的信号被形成为可产生所述远端的末端的挠曲的大小和方向。
18.根据权利要求13所述的方法,其中所述多个应变计相对于所述传感器管的轴线对称地设置。
19.根据权利要求13所述的方法,其中所述多个应变计被布置在所述传感器管的所述表面的圆周上,其中所述圆周的位置相对于所述传感器管居中。
20.根据权利要求13所述的方法,其中所述多个应变计具有各自的应变计方向,并且所述应变计固定地附着于所述传感器管的所述表面,使得所述各自的应变计方向平行于所述传感器管的轴线。
21.根据权利要求13所述的方法,还包括提供至少一个温度补偿应变计,其被构成为可产生信号来补偿所述多个应变计的温度变化。
22.根据权利要求21所述的方法,其中所述至少一个温度补偿应变计安装在具有块-热质的块上,其中所述传感器管的组件-管-热质等于所述块-热质。
23.根据权利要求22所述的方法,其中所述至少一个温度补偿应变计安装在所述块上不随所述传感器管的变形而变形的位置上。
24.根据权利要求21所述的方法,其中所述至少一个温度补偿应变计的温度补偿应变计方向被配置成与所述传感器管的轴线正交。
25.一种用于执行医疗手术的设备,包括:
一种医疗探针,包括:
柔性插入管,所述柔性插入管具有用于插入到患者的体腔内的远端,并且被构造成可与所述体腔内的组织接触;
传感器管,所述传感器管包括弹性材料,所述传感器管被包含于所述插入管的所述远端内,并被构造成可随所述组织施加于所述远端的力而变形;以及
多个应变计,所述多个应变计固定地附着在所述传感器管表面上不同的相应位置处,并被构造成可根据所述传感器管的变形而产生相应的信号;以及
操作台,其从所述应变计接收所述相应的信号,并且作为响应提供作用于所述远端的所述力的指示。
26.一种用于执行医疗手术的方法,包括:
提供柔性插入管,所述柔性插入管具有用于插入到患者的体腔内的远端,并且被构造成可与所述体腔内的组织接触;
在所述插入管的所述远端内安装包括弹性材料的传感器管,所述传感器管被构造成可随所述组织施加在所述远端上的力而变形;
将多个应变计固定地附着在所述传感器管表面上不同的相应位置处,所述应变计被构造成可根据所述传感器管的变形而产生相应的信号;
在操作台接收所述相应的信号;以及
响应对相应的信号的接收,在操作台上提供作用于所述远端的所述力的指示。
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