CN102157767A - Coaxial medium phase shifting system, phase shifter and phase shifting drive device - Google Patents
Coaxial medium phase shifting system, phase shifter and phase shifting drive device Download PDFInfo
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- CN102157767A CN102157767A CN201110075715XA CN201110075715A CN102157767A CN 102157767 A CN102157767 A CN 102157767A CN 201110075715X A CN201110075715X A CN 201110075715XA CN 201110075715 A CN201110075715 A CN 201110075715A CN 102157767 A CN102157767 A CN 102157767A
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Abstract
The invention discloses a coaxial medium phase shifter and related application thereof, and improves a phase shifter of a conventional mobile communication antenna. The phase shifter is used for adjusting the phase of signals flowing through the phase shifter and comprises an inner conductor and an outer conductor; the inner conductor defines at least two parallel conduction arms in an integrated-molding way; the outer conductor is provided with coaxial cavities for each of the conduction arms; the conduction arms are sleeved in the coaxial cavities; and medium elements which move along the axial direction of the coaxial cavities to change the phase of the signals are sleeved between the outer conductor and the conduction arms. The propagation rate of radio frequency signals passing through the phase shifter can be changed by the linear reciprocating movement of the medium elements along the axial direction, so that the phase of the signals is changed to fulfill the aim of phase shift. The coaxial medium phase shifter overcomes fixed thinking modes, changes the structure of a conventional coaxial phase shifter, realizes phase adjustment through the movement of the medium elements relative to the coaxial cavities, optimizes both the electrical and physical properties of the phase shifter, serves as a base element, and has an optimistic application prospect.
Description
[technical field]
The present invention relates to the mobile communication antenna field, relate in particular to the wherein applied coaxial dielectric phase shifter that is used to change signal phase, comprise coaxial dielectric phase shifter, the synthetic phase shifter of coaxial dielectric etc., also relate to the coaxial dielectric phase-shift system of forming by this kind phase shifter, and relate to the phase shift drive unit of this phase shifter being implemented the phase shift operation.
[background technology]
In mobile communications network covers, it is one of key equipment of overlay network that electricity is transferred antenna for base station, and phase shifter is the most crucial parts that electricity is transferred antenna for base station, the quality of phase shifter performance has directly determined the electrical tilt antenna performance, and then have influence on network coverage quality, so the importance of phase shifter in the mobile base station antenna field is self-evident.In the prior art, at the U.S. US2 of nineteen fifty, 502, but in No. 359 patents a kind of like this phase place continually varying phase shifter has been proposed, as shown in Figure 1.This phase shifter has the coaxial configuration characteristic, form by 11,12,13,14,15 referring to Fig. 1 " U " type coaxial transmission line, wherein adopt 11,12 of hollow metal cylinder structure to be standing part, adopt " U " molded lines 14,13,15 of metal solid cylinder structure to insert respectively in the 11 and 12 right-hand member hollow bodies.By a machine driving bar 21, interlock body 16 and 17 and 18, and then promote 14,13,15 side-to-side movements, wherein 17,18 is non-conductive insulating part.Because the continuous variation of the total length of 11,14,13,15,12 " U " type transmission lines of forming causes the phase place of transmission signals between two coaxial line joints 24 corresponding continuous the variation to occur, has promptly realized phase shift function.
One of shortcoming of above-mentioned phase shifter is: in use repeatedly, be difficult to guarantee the transmission line 11 fixed or 12 with removable transmission line 14,13,15 between good the contact, and this non-mode that is fastenedly connected between two metals spark phenomenon may occur under the high power situation, is difficult to simultaneously avoid because the passive intermodulation product that bad contact causes.
Two of the shortcoming of above-mentioned phase shifter is: columned transmission line 11,14,13,15,12 is in order to satisfy certain impedance operator, and the gauge H of corresponding cavity 19 is bigger.
Three of the shortcoming of above-mentioned phase shifter is: when phase shifter is applied to similar continuously adjustable wave beam electrical down-tilting antenna for base station, usually need adopt a plurality of phase shifters integrated simultaneously, so, because the relation of topology layout, columned transmission line 11 and 12 cavity ring are not easy to machining, adopt die production also to be not easy to releasing process.
The U.S. US4 in 1988 subsequently, 755, but No. 778 patents above-mentioned continually varying coaxial phase shifter is improved, make it further practical.Please continue referring to Fig. 2, improvements are: increase medium supporting structure 302; Increase compensated loop 300 with compensate fixing transmission line 397 or 398 and removable transmission line 396 between the impedance discontinuity saltus step of transition; Increase a transmission guide rail 394, by the motion of 394 location and guiding drive block 392; Increase the screw 330 that a terminal contains spring 332, when drive block 392 moved near the left end extreme position, spring 332 was compressed and progressively gathers stress, damages phase shifter to prevent 318 overexercise; Increase a spring 328 in guide hole 322 left sides, when the right-hand member 310 of drive block 392 moves near extreme right position, spring 328 is progressively gathered stress by 314 compressions, damage phase shifter to prevent 318 overexercise, end in fixing transmission line 397 or 398 increases and a plurality ofly vertically cracks 388, cracking 388 can produce certain elasticity, thus make fixing transmission line 397 or 398 and removable transmission line 396 between be in better contact condition.U.S. US4,755, No. 778 the described improvement of patent is difficult to fundamentally solve its intrinsic problem, and reason is:
One: 388 can produce certain elasticity although crack, yet, in the use repeatedly, be difficult to guarantee the transmission line 397 fixed or 398 with removable transmission line 396 between good the contact, and this non-mode that is fastenedly connected between two metals spark phenomenon may occur under the high power situation, is difficult to equally avoid because the passive intermodulation product that bad contact causes.
Its two: realize phase shift by direct mobile transmission line conductors mode, and this spline structure is difficult to realize the stability of circuit index in the mobile base station antenna field, this defective in like manner is applicable to US2,502, No. 359 disclosed technical schemes of patent.
[summary of the invention]
Primary and foremost purpose of the present invention is to provide a class coaxial dielectric phase shifter, comprise coaxial dielectric phase shifter, the synthetic phase shifter of coaxial dielectric, to overcome above-mentioned deficiency, prior art is optimized from all many-sides such as electric property, physical features, production and assembly technologies.
Two of purpose of the present invention is to provide a kind of coaxial dielectric phase-shift system, makes the phase shifter of aforementioned primary and foremost purpose be able to the systematization application.
Three of purpose of the present invention is to provide a kind of phase shift drive unit, makes the coaxial dielectric phase shifter in the aforementioned primary and foremost purpose more controlled.
For realizing primary and foremost purpose of the present invention, the present invention adopts following technical scheme:
A kind of coaxial dielectric phase shifter, be used to adjust the phase place of signal wherein of flowing through, comprise inner wire and outer conductor, this inner wire is one-body molded to define at least two conductive arm that parallel, this outer conductor is provided with coaxial cavity for each conductive arm, conductive arm is sheathed in the coaxial cavity, is arranged with between outer conductor and the conductive arm to be used for along the coaxial cavity axial motion to change the medium element of described signal phase.
Concrete, described outer conductor is one-body molded to be provided with a plurality of described coaxial cavities and to hold wherein respectively for a plurality of conductive arm.Further, described inner wire is the winding type curved type, can form the conductive arm more than two.One or more described medium elements are connected with an external force actuation element.Drive medium element by actuation element, or directly drag medium element and move, can change the propagation rate of signal in phase shifter, can make the signal of the phase shifter output of flowing through form continuous linear phase difference thus, thereby realize the purpose of phase shift.
Be formed with bending part between adjacent two conductive arm of described inner wire, described medium element is formed with the through hole of sheathed conductive arm, also along its be axially arranged with the main gap slot that is communicated with this through hole so that during the medium element axial motion and described bending part contactless.Thus, the bending of inner wire does not just influence medium element free activity in the axial direction.
Be connected with the external connecting part for ease of phase shifter, the two ends of described inner wire form the connectivity port with described outer conductor in the corresponding position respectively, are connected respectively with inner wire with outer conductor at each place, connectivity port for joint outer part.To the position that should joint outer part be connected with inner wire, the described medium element that is positioned at this place be provided with time gap slot vertically so that during this medium element axial motion and these parts of described joint outer part contactless.
Described outer conductor outer wall, inwall, the axial cross section shape of the outer wall of described medium element outer wall and described inner wire conductive arm can flexible design, can be rounded, in triangle, square, rectangle, ellipse, the trapezoidal and regular hexagon any one, do not get rid of erose employing yet.
Described outer conductor inwall, inner wire outer wall and medium element outer wall wherein are formed with one of at least impedance transformer, so that form single-unit or more piece impedance conversion effect.Form the form of this impedance transformer, main performance both ways, it is inconsistent that the first makes outer conductor inwall, inner wire conductive arm outer wall and medium element outer wall axial cross section size one of at least show at least two places; Another is that medium element is made of two sections with differing dielectric constant at least.
Preferable, the dielectric constant of described medium element＞1.0.
As a kind of remodeling of the present invention, described medium element is be arranged in parallel by two sheet shaped pieces and forms, and supplies to insert described inner wire between two sheet shaped pieces.
A kind of coaxial dielectric synthesizes phase shifter, and it comprises the described coaxial dielectric phase shifter of aforementioned primary and foremost purpose, and two or more described coaxial dielectric phase shifters are arranged side by side, and both outer conductors are one-body molded.This scheme can be used for satisfying dual polarized antenna phase shift demand.The synthetic phase shifter that further expands of principle even can be used to satisfy double frequency or multifrequency dual polarized antenna phase shift demand thus.
For realizing two of purpose of the present invention, the present invention adopts following technical scheme:
A kind of coaxial dielectric phase-shift system, it comprises the described coaxial dielectric phase shifter of aforementioned primary and foremost purpose and at least one power splitter, enter in the multiple signals that signal distributed of this power splitter, export after having at least one road signal by described phase shifter phase shift, with will be not by each road signal of phase shift with by at least one road signal allocation of phase shift to different radiating elements.
For realizing three of purpose of the present invention, the present invention adopts following technical scheme:
A kind of phase shift drive unit, it comprises the phase shifter that is provided with the external force actuation element in aforementioned each purpose, the moment converting unit that matches with the external force actuation element of described phase shifter and the driver part that is used to produce external force, the external force that is produced by this driver part is converted to the axial power of this external force actuation element that acts on through the moment converting unit, the medium element that makes the external force actuation element drive described phase shifter axially moves, immigration by medium element or shift out is to realize the phase shifts to the signal of this phase shifter of flowing through.
In one embodiment of this invention, described external force actuation element is a tooth bar, and the moment converting unit comprises the gear that is meshed with this tooth bar, and described driver part drives this gear and the engagement of this tooth bar realizes phase shift.
In another embodiment of the present invention, described external force actuation element is the medium pull bar that is fixed on the medium element, and described driver part drives this pull bar axial motion and realizes phase shift.
Described driver part can be stepping motor or Manpower operating instrument, so that the phase modulation of phase shifter of the present invention possesses manpower control and controls two kinds of approach automatically.
Compared with prior art, the present invention has following advantage:
1, phase shifter of the present invention have simple in structure, be easy to characteristics such as realization, phase shifting accuracy height, linearity height, amount of phase shift be big.
Improve the phase shift regulating effect although 2 the invention provides dual mode, the first is by improving medium element, it is made up of high-k, thereby make medium element can utilize short axial motion range to realize the adjusting of amount of phase shift in a big way, but choosing and process all of high dielectric constant material propose high requirement to technology; It two is by inner wire being processed into conductive arm parallel more than two, in like manner realize and the phase modulation scope that changes the mode equivalent of dielectric material then by the medium element motion range that limits by a conductive arm, although this measure has increased the transverse width of phase shifter, but the axial length that has kept phase shifter, small size large effect to phase shifter plays important effect, feasible easy realization is better than the former.
3, it is outstanding that phase shifter of the present invention has the circuit index, particularly the low characteristics of passive intermodulation product.Each phase shifter inside is equipped with some impedance transformers, realizes easily and external radio frequency cable coupling.Because this programme is to produce continuous linear phase difference by the move media element, mobile the moving than metallic conductor of medium element is more conducive to intermodulation control simultaneously.
4, phase shifter of the present invention has low section, volume characteristics little, in light weight, with low cost.
5, phase shifter of the present invention has advantages such as assembling simply, be easy to production.It is fastening that the phase shifter assembling need not any metallic screw, only medium element and inner wire need be inserted in the coaxial cavity of outer conductor formation successively, and connection is simultaneously gone up actuation element and got final product, and so obviously design is to be beneficial to very much assembling and production in enormous quantities.
6, phase shifter of the present invention has highly integrated characteristic, because low section of the present invention, small size property, can be with the phase shifter of difference polarization, or the phase shifter of different frequency range is integrated in the big cavity, form phase component, make it help assembling more, produce and reduce cost and weight.
Overview, phase shifter of the present invention, comprise described coaxial dielectric phase shifter, coaxial dielectric phase component and differential phase phase shifter etc., as a base components, its reasonable improvement physically brings many-sided good effect, and phase shifter reaches by the phase-shift system that it constituted, phase shift drive unit etc., and the mobile communication antenna field is had far-reaching influence, on the no matter technical still economic benefit, all can be understood by those skilled in the art.
[description of drawings]
Fig. 1 is U.S. US2, the schematic diagram of a kind of phase shifter of 502, No. 359 patent announcement disclosures;
Fig. 2 is U.S. US4, the schematic diagram of a kind of phase shifter of 755, No. 778 patent announcement disclosures;
Fig. 3 is the schematic perspective view of coaxial dielectric phase shifter of the present invention, and the outer wall cross section of its outer conductor is rectangular;
Fig. 4 is the generalized section of coaxial dielectric phase shifter of the present invention;
Fig. 5 is the schematic perspective view of the inner wire of coaxial dielectric phase shifter of the present invention;
Fig. 6 is the schematic perspective view of the medium element of coaxial dielectric phase shifter of the present invention;
Fig. 7 .1 to Fig. 7 .4 discloses several typical axial cross section of the outer conductor of coaxial dielectric phase shifter of the present invention respectively;
Fig. 8 .1 to Fig. 8 .2 discloses several typical axial cross section of the inner wire of coaxial dielectric phase shifter of the present invention respectively;
Fig. 9 .1 to Fig. 9 .4 discloses several typical axial cross section of the medium element of coaxial dielectric phase shifter of the present invention respectively;
Figure 10 is the generalized section of a kind of improvement project of coaxial dielectric phase shifter of the present invention;
Figure 11 is the generalized section of the another kind of improvement project of coaxial dielectric phase shifter of the present invention;
Figure 12 synthesizes the schematic perspective view of phase shifter for the coaxial dielectric that is applied to the single-frequency dual polarized antenna among the present invention;
Principle schematic when Figure 13 combines with antenna radiation unit for coaxial dielectric phase-shift system of the present invention;
Figure 14 is the principle schematic of phase shift drive unit of the present invention;
Figure 15 is the partial cutaway schematic of another improvement project of coaxial dielectric phase shifter of the present invention.
[embodiment]
The present invention is further illustrated below in conjunction with drawings and Examples:
See also Fig. 3 and Fig. 4, it discloses the internal structure external structure of a preferred embodiment of coaxial dielectric phase shifter 1 of the present invention jointly.In this preferred embodiment, coaxial dielectric phase shifter 1 comprises outer conductor 11, inner wire 12, medium element 13 and external force actuation element 14.
Described outer conductor 11, the part that is formed in one, inside is formed with two coaxial cavities 110 that connect along the outer conductor longitudinally, and this longitudinally is the axial of phase shifter.The axial cross section of outer conductor 11 inwalls is rounded, the axial cross section of outer wall rectangular (referring to Fig. 7 .1).The left end of outer conductor 11 shown in Figure 3 extends axially out a pair of rectangular channel that does not bind 112,114 along it, the two ends of inner wire 12 extend to this rectangular channel 112,114 and sentence and be convenient to form connectivity port 161 with rectangular channel 112,114,162, can be used for realizing the conversion of signals of phase shifter 1 and transmission medium, signal through this preferred embodiment phase shifter 1 can be done medium conversion back input and output by these two connectivity ports 161,162.
Described inner wire 12, see also Fig. 5, be U type bending-like, circuitous bending defines two conductive arm that parallel 121 and the bending part 127 that is connected two conductive arm 121, the two ends of inner wire 12 are respectively applied for the connectivity port that forms for input and output, are connected with the external connecting part so these two ends partly scabble.
Two conductive arm 121 of inner wire 12 are inserted respectively in two coaxial cavities 110 of outer conductor 11, and each conductive arm 121 is coaxial setting with its coaxial cavity of inserting 110, and inner wire 12 does not contact with outer conductor 11.According to of the setting of this preferred embodiment, be applicable to and adopt coaxial cable 17,17 ' realize that with outer conductor 11 and inner wire 12 conversion of signals transmits connectivity port 161,162.Particularly, 161 places, connectivity port, the outer conductor 171 of the coaxial cable 17 of FD feed just with 114 inconsistent connections of rectangular channel of the outer conductor 11 of phase shifter 1 of the present invention, the inner wire 173 of coaxial cable 17 then is connected with the cutting position of the inner wire 12 of described phase shifter 1, and the outer conductor 171 of coaxial cable 17 just insulate inner wire 12 and phase shifter 1 outer conductor 11 mutually with dielectric 172 between its inner wire 173; In like manner, 162 places in the connectivity port, be used for the coaxial cable 17 of output signal ' outer conductor 171 be connected with inner wire 12 with the outer conductor 11 of phase shifter 1 respectively with inner wire 173, and also have dielectric 172 to place to avoid the effect that contacts.
Described medium element 13, see also Fig. 6, the number of corresponding inner wire 12 conductive arm 121 is provided with two, two medium elements 13 is linked together at same end by connector 138, form U type shape, make two medium elements 13 have the basis of synchronous interaction.Each medium element 13 is provided with the through hole 130 of inserting for inner wire 12, and medium element 13 can be whole deeply to the coaxial cavity 110 that forms between outer conductor 11 and the inner wire 12.Connector 138 exposes to and is used for outside this coaxial cavity 110 being connected with described external force actuation element 14, also connector 138 can be considered as the part of external force actuation element 14.The DIELECTRIC CONSTANT of the material that medium element 13 is selected
r＞1.0, its material can be one or more, except that having required high-k, preferably also requires to have low-loss tangent angle characteristic.Medium element 13 is sheathed between outer conductor 11 and the inner wire 12, and the signal of outer conductor 11 with inner wire 12 transmitted except that playing the phase shift effect, also plays a supportive role.Because of in this preferred embodiment, outer conductor 11 inner wall sections are shaped as circle, and inner wire 12 outer wall cross sectional shapes also are circular, so circular shown in Fig. 9 .2 selected in the cross section of medium element 13 for use.Medium element 13 also is provided with a main gap slot 134 vertically, and this main gap slot 134 is connected with the through hole 130 of medium element 13, when medium element 13 places between outer conductor 11 and the inner wire 12 thus, can guarantee that medium element 13 can not contact with the bending part 127 of inner wire 12 by the accessible slip of this main gap slot 134, so medium element 13 is not affected with respect to the axial smooth motion of outer conductor 11 and inner wire 12.
Thus, as can be seen, adopted coaxial setting between outer conductor 11 and the inner wire 12, firm ways of connecting keeps spatial relation each other, guarantee can not produce any relative motion each other, though and medium element 13 and outer conductor 11 and inner wire 12 coaxial settings, but force-appliedly do straight-line displacement vertically, medium element 13 back and forth movement in the axial direction must change the propagation rate of the signal of feed-in phase shifter 1, cause the change of the phase place of this signal thus, form phase difference, reach the purpose of phase shift, and this changes covert position process is linear gradient.
Please note and look back Fig. 4 and Fig. 6, in order to realize being used for the connectivity port 161,162 of input and output and the impedance matching of radio-frequency transmission line, be provided with some impedance transformers 181 in coaxial cavity 110, its impedance conversion principle is according to 1/4 wavelength transmission line impedance conversion theoretical formula
Realize, wherein, Z
0For being the characteristic impedance of the coaxial cavity of medium with the air, Z
E1Be the coaxial cavity characteristic impedance of medium 1, Z
E2Coaxial cavity characteristic impedance for medium 2, implementation can be by thickness that changes medium of the same race or the media implementation that increases differing dielectric constant, or by changing the size realization of inner wire 12 diameters, or by changing the size realization of outer conductor 11 diameters, or the combination of above several modes, or more piece characteristic impedance conversion is set on outer conductor 11, inner wire 12, medium element 13, or adopt the gradual change type structure all can realize broadband character.
Please consult Fig. 4 and Fig. 6 again, the outer wall of medium element 13 is provided with the radially deep all shape depressions 181 of this outer wall relatively, so just, cause medium element 13 to form different cross section, at least two places on it is axial, the external diameter size of this two places different cross section is different, forms impedance transformer; Same is provided with and can realizes in outer conductor 11 and/or inner wire 12.In addition, in not shown a kind of execution mode, medium element 13 is made of two sections, and two sections select for use the material with differing dielectric constant to form respectively, can form the impedance conversion effect equally.
See also Fig. 7, show the multiple typical variant of the axial cross section of outer conductor 11, these variants be based on outer conductor 11 outer wall, coaxial cavity 110 inwall the difformity design and, both comprise the square-outside and round-inside shape (Fig. 7 .1) in the preferred embodiment of the present invention, also comprised circular (Fig. 7 .3), outer oval interior square (Fig. 7 .4) or the like in square in the foreign side (Fig. 7 .2), the outer ellipse.In fact, the inner wall shape of the coaxial cavity 110 of the outer wall of outer conductor 11, outer conductor 11 all can change flexibly, not limited by above-mentioned situation, for example can also be to select for use to comprise other arbitrary shape trapezoidal, regular hexagon.It may be noted that, the square square that refers in particular to herein, circle is refered in particular to positive circle.
See also Fig. 8, show two kinds of typical variants of the axial cross section of inner wire 12, because of inner wire 12 is solid radio frequency transmission line structures, so being based on the outer wall cross sectional shape variation of inner wire 12, these variations get, both comprise the circle (Fig. 8 .1) in the preferred embodiments of the present invention, also comprised square (Fig. 8 .2), rectangle, ellipse, triangle, trapezoidal, regular hexagon, other regular polygon or the like.In like manner, can also preferred other arbitrary shape.
See also Fig. 9, as previously mentioned, the outer wall of medium element 13, inner wall section shape depend on the cross sectional shape of outer conductor 11 inwalls, inner wire 12 outer walls respectively, therefore, the multiple typical variant of the axial cross section of medium element 13 only is shown herein, does not represent shown various variant to be adapted to the combination of the outer conductor 11 and the inner wire 12 in all cross sections.Various variants shown in all show the main gap slot 134 that is connected with through hole 130 that is provided with on the medium element 13 in the lump, and main gap slot 134 is not considered as the component part of medium element 13 inner wall section shapes.Therefore, the variant that illustrates is mainly square (Fig. 9 .3), square-outside and round-inside shape (Fig. 9 .4) etc. in cylindrical interior circular (Fig. 9 .1), round outside but spuare inside shape (Fig. 9 .2), the foreign side.In like manner, can also preferably include trapezoidal, regular hexagon at other interior arbitrary shape.
By above-mentioned concrete structure parsing process about coaxial dielectric phase shifter 1 as can be seen, by the suitable cooperation between outer conductor 11, medium element 13, the inner wire 12, form coaxial dielectric phase shifter 1 of the present invention, this phase shifter 1 can be obtained better electrical characteristic and physical characteristic, can understand in conjunction with following description:
On the one hand, medium sleeve 13 by coaxial dielectric phase shifter 1 is in axial relative displacement, be that medium sleeve 13 slowly shifts out outside the coaxial cavity 110 under external force actuation element 14 or manpower traction or return back in the coaxial cavity, can form the continuous phase potential difference in the output/input connectivity port 161,162 of signal (specifically which connectivity port is used as output or imports in fact and can be determined flexibly by those skilled in the art), promptly
It satisfies the linear relationship ΔΦ=K * Δ L of phase difference and stroke as can be known by formula.During practical application, can provide proper dielectric constant ε according to the actual phase demand of antenna
rAnd stroke Δ L, for example: adopt design shown in Figure 3, be operated in the phase shifter about center frequency point 2GHz, can select ε
r≈ 4.0, and Δ L ≈ 35mm can produce the phase difference of 120 ° of ΔΦ ≈, can satisfy 0～20 ° of 15dBi gain shelves antenna continuous electric downdip extent, or satisfy 0～10 ° of 18dBi gain shelves antenna continuous electric downdip extent.On the other hand, by the characteristic impedance formula of coaxial transmission line
In frequency range, its characteristic impedance and frequency-independent only are decided by that outer conductor is interior through b, inner conductor outer diameter a, and the DIELECTRIC CONSTANT of the medium of filling between internal and external conductor as can be known
rThree's ratio is so as long as coaxial structural strength meets design requirement, can reduce the size of coaxial cavity.Preferable, the coaxial cavity diameter of outer conductor 11 or size dimension are about 10mm, and the size of outer conductor 11 has determined the size of phase shifter 1 generally, so just make corresponding phase shifter 1 possess advantages such as small size, low section, light small and exquisite, low cost.
See also Figure 10, in another embodiment of coaxial dielectric phase shifter 1 of the present invention, inner wire 12 is defined three conductive arm that are parallel to each other 121 by the bending of further making a circulation, and is roughly S-type.Adapt to this variation, described outer conductor 11 is formed with 3 coaxial cavities 110 and is used to hold described three conductive arm 121 and three medium elements 13, and changed one of them connectivity port 162 be provided with the position and towards---be set in a preferred embodiment to be arranged perpendicular to along the axially extended connectivity port 162 of phase shifter 1 phase shifter 1 axially, particularly, the two ends of inner wire 12 phase shifter 1 axially on opposite, perforate makes coaxial cable 17 ' can enter to be connected with inner wire 12 on the lengthwise wall of outer conductor 11.For the slip that makes medium element 13 be not subjected to coaxial cable 17 ' obstruction, need the inferior gap slot 134 that be connected with the through hole 130 of this medium element 13 be set at this on corresponding to the medium element 13 of connectivity port 162 so that the identical mode of described main gap slot 134 to be set, thus, coaxial cable 17 ' outer conductor can be connected with inner wire 12 with the outer conductor 11 of phase shifter 1 respectively with inner wire and form described connectivity port 162, and this connection is not subjected to the influence of the slip of medium element 13.
Please continue to consult Figure 11, among another embodiment of coaxial dielectric phase shifter of the present invention, inner wire 12 is bent into double-U-shaped shape in parallel (shape such as UU) once again to increase a conductive arm 121 than the embodiment that Figure 10 disclosed, the also corresponding increase with the quantity of medium element 13 of the coaxial cavity 110 of outer conductor 11.All the other structures do not have material alterations.
See also Figure 15, the medium element 13 described in the embodiment of front when its both sides are provided with main gap slot 134 and inferior gap slot respectively, is separated into medium element relatively to the two parts that are provided with by two gap slots.Therefore, as another embodiment of the present invention, described medium element 13 is be arranged in parallel by two sheet shaped pieces 137,138 and forms, space between two sheet shaped pieces is used to insert the conductive arm 121 of inner wire 12, form described main gap slot and time gap slot between the both sides lengthwise opening that forms by two sheet shaped pieces, through these two gap slots connecting portion is set, does not hinder the slip of medium element in coaxial cavity.In this case, the conductive arm 121 of inner wire can be set to rectangular-shaped piece, and two sheet shaped pieces with medium element 13 form " sandwich " structure jointly thus.In like manner, the cross sectional shape of sheet shaped piece 137,138 also can be done suitable distortion with reference to aforementioned each embodiment.Do not give unnecessary details for this reason.
Can summarize by aforementioned each embodiment, inner wire 12 can form n conductive arm 121 by circuitous bending, match with the coaxial cavity 110 and the medium element 13 of corresponding number, can obtain the Phasing that n is doubly obtained in theory when single conductive arm 121, coaxial cavity 110, medium element 13 actings in conjunction.
In like manner as can be seen, the concrete structure of the connectivity port of addressing among aforementioned each embodiment 161,162 should be not limited, the conversion of the input and output of signal in phase shifter 1, except aforesaid coaxial cable 17,17 ', can also be microstrip line, strip line, waveguide, parallel wire etc., those skilled in the art can design the syndeton that is applicable to above-mentioned various situations about the flexible design of connectivity port in conjunction with the present invention, so not all right detailed description.
Coaxial dielectric phase shifter 1 among aforementioned each embodiment is applicable to as base components and the mobile communication antenna application of single-frequency single polarization sees also Figure 12 that it further proposes a kind of synthetic phase shifter of coaxial dielectric that is applicable to that the single-frequency dual polarization is used.This phase component adopts two coaxial dielectric phase shifters 1 shown in the preferred embodiment of the present invention side by side and a shared outer conductor 11, needs a plurality of coaxial cavities 110 of being equipped with by one-body molded the designing of this outer conductor 11.
Those skilled in that art can know, in like manner can form the synthetic phase shifter of the coaxial dielectric with a plurality of coaxial dielectric phase shifters 1 in this way, no matter should include how many basic phase shifters 1 by synthetic phase shifter, outer conductor 11 wherein is all one-body molded, is formed with a plurality of coaxial cavities 110 in it and is respectively applied for installing one medium element 13 and a conductive arm 121.Can be further used for the dual-band and dual-polarization application scenario with this synthetic phase shifter that forms.
According to the same principle of evolution scheme that is disclosed with Figure 12, utilize a plurality of coaxial dielectric phase shifters 1 can be integrated into multi-layer multi-row formula phase component easily, be applied to demand occasions such as multifrequency, many arrays antenna for base station.Why the present invention can realize highly integratedly, has benefited from low section, the small size property of single coaxial dielectric phase shifter 1 fully.
Utilize highly integrated synthetic phase shifter can be conveniently used in the mobile communication antenna system, itself and power splitter be combined into coaxial dielectric phase-shift system with multiport, be used to finish continuous phase modulation to antenna for base station.See also Figure 13, the interactively principle in its announcement antenna system between coaxial dielectric phase-shift system and a plurality of radiating element.Say as follows and state:
Figure 13 illustrates an aerial array with 5 radiating element 12A-12E, adopt 4 independently coaxial dielectric phase shifter 1 composition phase-shift systems, four phase shifters label successively are 1A, 1B, 1C, 1D, radiofrequency signal at first enters one minute three power splitter 91 by input 90 feed antenna inside, the road merit sub-signal that this power splitter 91 distributes enters phase shifter 1B, another road merit sub-signal directly enters radiating element 12C, and one tunnel merit sub-signal enters phase shifter 1C again.The signal that enters phase shifter 1B enters next stage one-to-two power splitter 92 after by phase shift, enter radiating element 12A again after distributing one road signal to enter next stage phase shifter 1A phase shift by power splitter 92 then, another road merit sub-signal that power splitter 92 distributes directly enters 12B.In like manner, power splitter 91 this road signal of being assigned to phase shifter 1C also enters radiating element 12D and 12E through phase shifter 1C, power splitter 93, phase shifter 1D in succession with the path with aforementioned symmetry.Divide relation by above merit, the merit proportion by subtraction that can set one minute three power splitter 91 is: 2: 1: 2, the merit proportion by subtraction of one-to-two power splitter 92 and one-to-two power splitter 93 was 1: 1.Medium element 13 transmission direction of phase shifter 1A and 1B are consistent, and original position is also consistent, and medium element 13 transmission direction of phase shifter 1C and 1D are opposite with phase shifter 1A and 1B direction, both original position unanimities.The medium element 13 that can set phase shifter 1A and 1B is slowly shifted out by phase shifter inside, and 13 of the medium elements of corresponding 1C and 1D are slowly moved into by the phase shifter outside just.For keeping the synchronous consistency of four groups of phase shifters, need carry out transmission by unified drive mechanism, do not provide detailed diagram in the present case, but the professional person is understood that this design principle in the industry.Through above group of battle array merit branch, phase shift, the phase relation that is assigned at last on five radiating elements of 12A～12E is as follows: 2* ΔΦ: ΔΦ: 0 :-ΔΦ :-2* ΔΦ, and promptly finish the continuous electric of secondary five cell array antennas thus and transferred the phase shift purpose.Need great downdip extent as for array antenna, then need design suitable radiating element phase difference ΔΦ, to satisfy the downdip extent demand.
In like manner, the coaxial dielectric phase-shift system is equally applicable to other antenna with a plurality of radiating elements.
Though the front has proposed contents such as the structure of coaxial dielectric phase shifter 1 and various application variants thereof and action principle, but external force actuation element 14 wherein is based on the external force effect and drives, external force both can manually be produced by manpower, also can adopt known electromechanical assembly to drive and produce.Figure 14 continues to disclose a kind of phase shift drive unit that acts on phase shifter of the present invention.
This phase shift drive unit comprises coaxial dielectric phase shifter 1 of the present invention, the moment converting unit 42 that matches with the external force actuation element 14 of described phase shifter and the driver part 41 that is used to produce external force, the external force that is produced by this driver part 41 is converted to through moment converting unit 42 and acts on the axial power of this external force actuation element 14, and the medium element 13 that makes external force actuation element 14 drive described phase shifter 1 axially moves to realize the phase shifts to the signal of this phase shifter 1 of flowing through.Described external force actuation element 14 is a tooth bar, and moment converting unit 42 comprises the gear that is meshed with this tooth bar, and described driver part 41 drives this gear and the engagement of this tooth bar realizes phase shift.Described driver part 41 is stepping motor or Manpower operating instrument.
In some not concrete illustrated embodiments, described external force actuation element 14 can be that the medium pull bar adds gear, and moment converting unit 42 is planetary gears.
As selecting for use the medium pull bar as external force actuation element 14, the application recommends to omit moment converting unit 42, and directly acts on the medium pull bar so that the medium pull bar is spurred by driver part 41.
Overview removes to handle external force actuation element 14 by known mechanical transmission structure, makes its transmission external force act on medium element 13 and makes it to produce straight-line displacement, can realize the purpose of phase shift.
In sum, proposition of the present invention, overcome the set thinking, changed the structure of traditional coaxial dielectric phase shifter, by medium element 13 with respect to the mobile realization of outer conductor 11 and inner wire 12 conductive arm 121 phase modulation to phase shifter, the electrical characteristic and the physical characteristic of phase shifter are all optimized greatly,, had optimistic application prospect as a base components.
Above embodiment only in order to the explanation the present invention and and unrestricted technical scheme described in the invention; Therefore, although this specification has been described in detail the present invention with reference to each above-mentioned embodiment,, those of ordinary skill in the art should be appreciated that still and can make amendment or be equal to replacement the present invention; And all do not break away from the technical scheme and the improvement thereof of the spirit and scope of the present invention, and it all should be encompassed in the middle of the claim scope of the present invention.
Claims (22)
1. coaxial dielectric phase shifter, be used to adjust the phase place of signal wherein of flowing through, comprise inner wire and outer conductor, it is characterized in that, this inner wire is one-body molded to define at least two conductive arm that parallel, this outer conductor is provided with coaxial cavity for each conductive arm, and conductive arm is sheathed in the coaxial cavity, is arranged with between outer conductor and the conductive arm to be used for along the coaxial cavity axial motion to change the medium element of described signal phase.
2. coaxial dielectric phase shifter according to claim 1 is characterized in that described inner wire is the winding type curved type, forms the conductive arm more than two.
3. coaxial dielectric phase shifter according to claim 1 is characterized in that, one or more described medium elements are connected with an external force actuation element.
4. coaxial dielectric phase shifter according to claim 1, it is characterized in that, be formed with bending part between adjacent two conductive arm of described inner wire, described medium element is formed with the through hole of sheathed conductive arm, also along its be axially arranged with the main gap slot that is communicated with this through hole so that during the medium element axial motion and described bending part contactless.
5. coaxial dielectric phase shifter according to claim 1, it is characterized in that, the two ends of described inner wire form the connectivity port with described outer conductor in the corresponding position respectively, are connected respectively with inner wire with outer conductor at each place, connectivity port for joint outer part.
6. coaxial dielectric phase shifter according to claim 4, it is characterized in that, to the position that should joint outer part be connected with inner wire, the described medium element that is positioned at this place be provided with time gap slot vertically so that during this medium element axial motion and these parts of described joint outer part contactless.
7. coaxial dielectric phase shifter according to claim 1, it is characterized in that, for at least one described coaxial cavity, the inner wall section of described outer conductor that forms this coaxial cavity is rounded, in triangle, square, rectangle, ellipse, the trapezoidal and regular hexagon any one.
8. coaxial dielectric phase shifter according to claim 1 is characterized in that, at least one conductive arm, its outer wall cross section is rounded, in triangle, square, rectangle, ellipse, the trapezoidal and regular hexagon any one.
9. coaxial dielectric phase shifter according to claim 1 is characterized in that, at least one medium element, its outer wall or inner wall section are rounded, in triangle, square, rectangle, ellipse, the trapezoidal and regular hexagon any one.
10. coaxial dielectric phase shifter according to claim 1 is characterized in that described medium element laterally is provided with perforate along it, or is axially arranged with fluting along it.
11. coaxial dielectric phase shifter according to claim 1 is characterized in that, described medium element is be arranged in parallel by two sheet shaped pieces and forms, and supplies to insert described inner wire between two sheet shaped pieces.
12. according to any described coaxial dielectric phase shifter in the claim 1 to 11, it is characterized in that, in at least one described coaxial cavity, the outer wall of the inwall of described outer conductor, inner wire conductive arm and the outer wall of medium element wherein are formed with one of at least impedance transformer.
13. according to any described coaxial dielectric phase shifter in the claim 1 to 11, it is characterized in that, in at least one described coaxial cavity, the outer wall of the inwall of described outer conductor, inner wire conductive arm and the outer wall of medium element, it is inconsistent that wherein axial cross section size one of at least shows at least two places.
14., it is characterized in that at least one described medium element is made of two sections with differing dielectric constant at least according to any described coaxial dielectric phase shifter in the claim 1 to 11.
15., it is characterized in that the dielectric constant of described medium element＞1.0 according to any described coaxial dielectric phase shifter in the claim 1 to 11.
16., it is characterized in that described outer conductor is one-body molded to be provided with a plurality of described coaxial cavities and to hold wherein respectively for a plurality of conductive arm according to any described coaxial dielectric phase shifter in the claim 1 to 11.
17. synthetic phase shifter of coaxial dielectric, it is characterized in that, it comprises two as any described coaxial dielectric phase shifter in the claim 1 to 16, and two or more described coaxial dielectric phase shifters are arranged side by side, and both outer conductors are one-body molded.
18. coaxial dielectric phase-shift system, it is characterized in that, it comprises that at least one is as any described coaxial dielectric phase shifter in the claim 1 to 17 and at least one power splitter, enter in the multiple signals that signal distributed of this power splitter, export after having at least one road signal by described phase shifter phase shift, with will be not by each road signal of phase shift with by at least one road signal allocation of phase shift to different radiating elements.
19. phase shift drive unit, it is characterized in that, it comprises coaxial dielectric phase shifter as claimed in claim 3, the moment converting unit that matches with the external force actuation element of described phase shifter and the driver part that is used to produce external force, the external force that is produced by this driver part is converted to the axial power of this external force actuation element that acts on through the moment converting unit, the medium element that makes the external force actuation element drive described phase shifter axially moves, immigration by medium element or shift out is to realize the phase shifts to the signal of this phase shifter of flowing through.
20. phase shift drive unit according to claim 19 is characterized in that, described external force actuation element is a tooth bar, and the moment converting unit comprises the gear that is meshed with this tooth bar, and described driver part drives this gear and the engagement of this tooth bar realizes phase shift.
21. phase shift drive unit according to claim 20 is characterized in that, described external force actuation element is the medium pull bar that is fixed on the medium element, and described driver part drives this pull bar axial motion and realizes phase shift.
22., it is characterized in that described driver part is stepping motor or Manpower operating instrument according to any described phase shift drive unit in the claim 19 to 21.
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| CN201110075715.XA CN102157767B (en) | 2011-03-28 | 2011-03-28 | Coaxial medium phase shifting system, phase shifter and phase shifting drive device |
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| CN201110075715.XA CN102157767B (en) | 2011-03-28 | 2011-03-28 | Coaxial medium phase shifting system, phase shifter and phase shifting drive device |
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| CN103855471A (en) * | 2014-02-27 | 2014-06-11 | 京信通信技术(广州)有限公司 | Phase shifting system |
| CN103975485A (en) * | 2013-12-02 | 2014-08-06 | 广东通宇通讯股份有限公司 | Base station antenna feed network |
| CN106207320A (en) * | 2015-04-29 | 2016-12-07 | 华为技术有限公司 | Phase shifter and antenna |
| CN108352606A (en) * | 2015-11-20 | 2018-07-31 | 日立金属株式会社 | Power supply circuit and antenna assembly |
| CN110504511A (en) * | 2018-05-16 | 2019-11-26 | 康普技术有限责任公司 | Linkage mechanism for phase shifter package |
| US10505251B2 (en) | 2015-05-29 | 2019-12-10 | Huawei Technologies Co., Ltd. | Cable for coupling a coaxial line to a strip-line including a coupling ground plane for reducing passive intermodulation interference in the cable |
| CN112821020A (en) * | 2020-12-30 | 2021-05-18 | 昆山瀚德通信科技有限公司 | Adjustable phase shifter |
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| CN108352606A (en) * | 2015-11-20 | 2018-07-31 | 日立金属株式会社 | Power supply circuit and antenna assembly |
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