CN102150927A - Microwave blanching multi-stage tandem rolling fruit and vegetable pulping machine - Google Patents
Microwave blanching multi-stage tandem rolling fruit and vegetable pulping machine Download PDFInfo
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- Apparatuses For Bulk Treatment Of Fruits And Vegetables And Apparatuses For Preparing Feeds (AREA)
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Abstract
The invention provides a microwave blanching multi-stage tandem rolling fruit and vegetable pulping machine. The machine comprises a microwave and optical-wave vaporization blanching chamber, a rotary arranging knife slicing machine, a continuous rolling unit and a storage bin, wherein a microwave and optical-wave transmitter, a sprinkler, a glass-ceramic sliding plate, a polytetrafluoroethylene (PTFE) sliding plate, a PTFE sliding hydrophobic grid, a water collecting plate and a water collecting groove are arranged on the upper part of the microwave and optical-wave blanching chamber; quick blanching of original fruits is realized under the composite action of microwave, optical-wave and steam; the blanched original fruits are sliced into flakes in the rotating arranging knife slicing machine; the flake materials fall into a six-roller three-stage continuous rolling unit, are squeezed into pulp through a two-stage trapezoidal gear roller and a primary elastic body roller; and the pulp is collected in the storage bin. By utilizing the machine, the problems that the conventional fruit and vegetable blanching and pulping process has high-carbon emission, nutrition loss is serious, and skin and seed chips are massively mixed in the pulp to influence the quality are completely solved; and the effects of environmental friendliness, energy conservation, emission reduction and high-quality high-efficiency blanching and pulping are realized. The machine can be widely applied to fruit and vegetable juice and pulp preparing processes in the food industry.
Description
(1), technical field:
The present invention relates to food industry fruit juice, jam processing equipment field, be used for all fruits and vegetables class magma reparation technologies such as tomato, apple, strawberry, mango, hawthorn, peach, Lee, jujube, apricot, plum.
(2), background technology:
1, similar products kind
At present, do not see as yet both at home and abroad blanching is arranged, the report of slurrying all-in-one.
Usually, the fruits and vegetables blanching is adopted steam, hot water or is carried out with three kinds of modes such as steam bubble heat hot water, type have combined type blanching machine (as shown in Figure 2), the spiral unit of precooking of P4, etc. type.And the fruit and vegetable pulping machine according to its crumbling method difference, has different types of machines such as serrated knife formula beater (as shown in Figure 3), fish scale hole cutter formula beater.
2, technological process
As Fig. 2, shown in Figure 3, blanching and making beating are two groups of series complete set of equipments.Its technological process is: former fruit 26 falls into hot-tub 27 by feeding web, the blanching some minutes (is looked the fruit kind, size and water temperature are just decided) after, really taking turns 28 is delivered to roller conveyer belt 29 through turning over, above the roller conveyer belt, be provided with cold water spraying box 30, blanching heat fruit is forced cooling, send into beater hopper 42 through conveyer belt 35 then, screw feeder 43 feeds serrated knife formula disintegrating machine with fruit and carries out fragmentation, again through rotating shaft 39, clamper 45, scraper plate 38 etc., pulp is separated with seed skin slag, pulp preserves in hopper 44, sends into next procedure from lower port.
3, know-why
Hot water or steam blanching mainly are to utilize thermal convection current and heat exchange pattern, with the heat transferred fruits and vegetables, make it reach preset temperature, realize the purpose of sterilization, sterilization and enzyme-deactivating; Beater is to utilize helicla flute to force to extrude, and will expect that fruit feeds enforcement fragmentation in serrated knife or the fish scale hole cutter disintegrating machine, enters scraper plate drum sieve extension set then and takes off slag slurrying.
4, existing problems:
From the close examination of modern science and technology and low-carbon economy angle, prolong that problem highlights, and mainly shows the following aspects with the blanching in century more than one and beating process " less, slowly, poor, take ":
(1), carbon emission is serious, pollutes big.
With Fig. 2 hot water blanching technology is example, owing to will keep hot water constant temperature, must uninterruptedly use hot water circuit or steam input bubbling, so boiler is indispensable equipment.Calculate by daily output jam 80 tons (handling about 500 tons of former fruit), this blanching one procedure only, a year carbon emission amount just reaches nearly 1000t/n; CO
2Discharge quality 3230.9t/n, volume reach 1816.0 myriametres
3/ n; Carbon and other dust emissions 88.1t/n; SO
2Discharging 97.2t/n; NOX (nitrogen oxide) discharges 48.6t/n.Simultaneously, because blanching water uses repeatedly, the sugar that penetrates in the fruits and vegetables, mineral matter, vitamin etc. raise the concentration of water, must regularly change, and as not treated discharging, will cause the pollution of rivers and lakes oxygen enrichment.
(2), energy consumption height.
Because the heat energy that fruits and vegetables absorb in the blanching process must pass through boiler-hot water, twice conversion of hot water-fruits and vegetables, semi-open in addition hot-tub and pipe network loss, total utilization efficiency of heat energy less than 50%, this is one of major reason of fruit juice, jam production highly energy-consuming.
(3), nutrition leak is serious.
The hot water blanching must directly be dipped into fruits and vegetables in 88～99 ℃ of hot water, soak time does not wait (look different cultivars determine) from 7,8 minutes to 10 a few minutes, be equivalent to boil, meetings such as the multiple sugar part in the former fruit, mineral matter, vitamin are infiltrated in the hot water because of concentration difference, cause nutrient loss.According to people's experimental studies such as German Helmar professors Schubert, hot water blanching process nutrient loss amount reaches more than 30%.
(4), pulp poor quality.
In beater, the former fruit after the blanching must be smashed through rotation serrated knife or fish scale hole cutter.This process is that skin, seed, meat are broken together, unavoidably having part skin, seed chip in screening operation subsequently is difficult to remove and has stayed in fruit juice, the jam, thereby product quality, color and luster, mouthfeel are caused harmful effect, even can form precipitation easily.
(3), summary of the invention:
Purpose of the present invention is in order to overcome the high carbon emission of existing blanching pulping process, to pollute hard nut to cracks such as big, that energy consumption is high, poor quality, nutrition leak are serious, replaces with a kind of new non-carbon-emitting, pollution-free, low energy consumption, high-quality intelligent machine.
1, concrete scheme of the present invention is:
The direct heating technique of microwave is applied to the fruits and vegetables blanching, the multistage continuous rolling technology of multiple roll is applied to fruits and vegetables slurrying, and be integrated into the complete unit of a cover, it comprises a microwave, light wave vaporization blanching chamber; A rotating vane row cutter slicer; A tandem rolling unit and a storage bin, complete machine is controlled automatically by MCU, and its structure is as shown in Figure 1.
For eliminating the high-carbon exhaust emission that traditional hot water, steam blanching cause, thermal source of the present invention adopts microwave and light wave.At microwave, light wave vaporization top, blanching chamber, microwave, light wave transmitter are installed, the middle part is installed water sprinkler, devitrified glass from top to bottom and is slipped flitch, and multilayer PTFE slips flitch, and PTFE slips and expects hydrophobic grid and one deck water collection sheet.Water sprinkler to devitrified glass slip the flitch watering produce steam and prevent panel and material overheated, former fruit slips flitch through multilayer and rolls and drop on microwave, light wave, the compound steam effect quick blanching of realization down down.
In microwave, light wave vaporization bottom, blanching chamber, rotating vane row cutter slicer is installed, blade adopts the nick cutting edge, decide at striker plate under the shear action of sword and the moving sword of rotation former fruit to be thinly sliced, and is convenient to roll and " eats " to advance and be easy to realize skin, meat separation.
Stainless steel feeding funnel is installed, to the milling train feeding below slicer.The milling train unit is made of for three grades six rollers, and the I and II roll forming of the roll is identical, is isosceles trapezoid tooth roll, and the third level is an elastomer plastic cement roll.Three grades of roll roller spacings are all fine-tuning.
Storage bin is installed below milling train.
2, the present invention has two technological innovations, and its principle is:
(1), microwave, light wave fruits and vegetables vaporization blanching technology.
Utilize heating using microwave fruits and vegetables major advantage to be: A, microwave irradiation make in the fruits and vegetables aqueous polar molecule with per second 2.45 * 10
9Speed changes ordering, and itself becomes heater fruits and vegetables, and microwave energy is converted into the heat content of water, conducts heat with hot water, steam and compares, and energy loss is little, and is energy-conservation; B, microwave penetration power are extremely strong, can make material inside and outside, Free water, heat up together in conjunction with instant water, and its firing rate is 10～100 times (referring to ISBN978-7-5019-5746-0) of hot water, steam heat exchange process; C, heating using microwave do not have any waste discharge, safety and environmental protection.
Light wave and microwave are had any different slightly, and it acts on material at first is that surface temperature is raise, and then by conduction and convection type internal temperature is raise; It acts on microcrystal glass plate, can make its surface temperature up to 560 ℃, and the water of the plate face of flowing through is vaporized rapidly.
The present invention has utilized the These characteristics of microwave, light wave just, innovative design microwave, light wave vaporization blanching chamber, as shown in Figure 4.Be provided with microwave, light wave generator 1 at the top, the microwave 47 of generation, the former fruit 50 of light wave 48 direct irradiations and devitrified glass slide flitch 5, and control devitrified glass slide flitch rises to 110～130 ℃ of high temperature; Water sprinkler 4 slips the flitch uniform sprinkling from top to devitrified glass, and water is vaporized rapidly on the microcrystal glass plate face and prevented that panel and material are overheated; Steam 49 fills the air whole vaporizer with the passage that the material slide flitch 6 and the material grid 7 that slips form; Devitrified glass slips flitch 5, polytetrafluoroethylene (PTFE) and slips flitch (PTFE) 6, PTFE to slip the hydrophobic grid 7 of material all be not absorb microwave and can be by the material of microwave penetration, in the sealing multimode reflector that is made of stainless steel casing 18 and stainless steel water collection sheet 9, striker plate 10,53 etc., microwave is with 2.45 * 10
9The speed reflected refraction, omnibearing stereo heating fruits and vegetables; According to experimental verification, microwave can make water temperature rise to 84 ℃ from 20 ℃ in 1 second; Former fruit enters vaporizer by feed hopper 3 ordering, microwave, light wave, steam act on simultaneously and compound action under, realize blanching fast; Surplus water of part and steam condensate 51 are collected through stainless steel water collection sheet 9 and water leg 52, are discharged by discharge outlet 8; Excess steam is discharged by gland steam exhauster 17 in the vaporizer; Vaporization indoor temperature transmitter T1, T2 and microwave, the unification of light wave generator guarantee that by MCU (Single sheet machine) control temperature is controlled in 100 ± 3 ℃ of scopes.
(2), multistage roll tandem rolling fruits and vegetables pulping technique.
What tradition fruits and vegetables pulping process adopted is to pulverize or smashing principle, and the present invention adopts UHMWPE (high strength ultra-high molecular weight polyethylene) roll " soft " the squeezing principle of high abrasion, high impact-resistant, high resistance to bond.I and II roll 13,14 adopts the stepped tooth structure, and its advantage is: A, material are decomposed into F1-a, F1-b, F2-a, F2-b at rolling force F 1 and F2 (as shown in Figure 6) that terraced loin is subjected to; F and F1-b, F2-b are radial load, and material is radially being squeezed; F1-a, F2-a are axial force, and direction is opposite, make material axially be subjected to stretching, tear; B, I and II roll, the tooth position of staggering arranges that trapezoidal tooth depth, Design of Tooth Width of Right Shaft are 1/3 of former fruit average diameter, can guarantee the fruits and vegetables section under the double action of radial load and axial force, and inner texture is by effective roll off, and juice is effectively squeezed out; C, stepped tooth roll have enlarged rolling surface, help material and " eat "; D, stepped tooth roll are stressed evenly, help finely tuning the spacing engagement, improve service life.The third level is adopted elastomer plastic cement roll 15, under the certain pressure of the close engagement of roll, from sheet material moisture content and soluble solid squeezing is extruded.Milling train is driven by synchronous stepless speed-regulating motor through belt pulley 20,21,22, mates through MCU (Single sheet machine) control and slicer, charging motor; Because three grades of roll shop building distances and pressure are all fine-tuning, therefore rolling skin, the seed of not damaging, and can realize the separation fully of skin, seed, meat.
3, the present invention has following characteristics:
(1), non-carbon-emitting.
Tradition hot water, steam blanching technology must be provided with boiler, thereby discharge a large amount of SO
2, CO
2, CO, NOX, dust, cinder etc.; It is how high no matter the present invention designs output, all do not have any pollutant and produce, real " 0 " carbon emission that realizes.
(2), realize that skin, seed not damaged separate the complete feed utilization.
The great advantage that adopts multistage continuous rolling technology is to realize fruits and vegetables skin, seed, the harmless separation of meat.With the tomato is example, pericarp is mainly broken up from separate living tissue by lithocyte and cell membrane thickening and forming, when pericarp is heated to when carrying out blanching more than 80 ℃, lithocyte wherein will lignifying (sclerosis), become much tough and tensile when not heating, thereby in continuous rolling process subsequently, can keep intact relatively, in screening skin, meat and seed fully not damaged separate; Pericarp is used to produce lycopene, and seed is used for rolling tomato seed oil, and pulp is used to make fruit juice, jam or fruity sauce, realizes that complete feed makes full use of, and working depth is thorough.
(3), good energy-conserving effect.
Use traditional hot water, steam blanching equipment and technology, 1 ton of fruits and vegetables magma of every production needs the about 26kg of quota of expenditure coal; Initial estimate, 1 ton of fruits and vegetables magma of the every production of this patent product only needs the about 12kg of quota of expenditure coal; Energy-conservation more than 50%.
(4), the pulp nutritional quality is good.
Owing to adopted microwave, light wave vaporization blanching technology, blanching room temperature control is intelligent, and error has only ± 3 ℃, can guarantee effectively heating and not overheated, under the prerequisite of taking into account sterilization, sterilization, inactive enzyme, nutritional labelings such as multivitamin, fructose, pectin, organic acid are kept better; Simultaneously, realize that skin, seed, meat not damaged separate, do not have skin, seed chip to enter pulp, so pulp quality, color and luster, mouthfeel are good owing to adopt multistage " soft " roll Technology in Pressing.
(5), reduced investment, instant effect.
Compare with legacy equipment technology, adopt the present invention need not build boiler and steam, hot water pipe net, technological process is shortened greatly, and number of devices also significantly reduces, and saves gross investment at least more than 50%; Shorten the construction period 3/4; Save precious resources such as a large amount of human and material resources and soil simultaneously.Owing to realizing fruits and vegetables skin, seed, meat not damaged, the present invention separates simultaneously, deep processing, and the complete feed utilization can greatly improve added value of product, and overall economic efficiency improves greatly than traditional handicraft.
4, important technological parameters:
(1), input supply voltage U:380 ± 10%V (Three-phase five-wire)
(2), input apparent energy S :≤110kW
(3), microwave, light wave power output P:80kW (adjustable power)
(4), microwave output frequency F:2450 ± 50MHz
(5), temperature control precision C: ± 3 ℃
(6), microwave, light wave vaporization blanching chamber dischargeable capacity L:2.6M
3(1.2 * 1.2 * 1.8m)
(7), roll tip diameter ∮: 300mm
(8), microwave leakage mW/cm
2:≤1mW (execution national safety standard)
(9), Single machine daily output 12t/D
(10), Single machine designed annual production capacity 3500t/
(4), description of drawings:
Fig. 1 is the multistage tandem rolling fruits and vegetables of microwave blanching pulper structure and process flow diagram
Fig. 2 is hot water blanching equipment and process flow diagram
Fig. 3 is that rotary blade beater schematic diagram is carried in the helicla flute extruding
Fig. 4 is microwave, light wave vaporization blanching cell structure, principle schematic
Fig. 5 is a stepped tooth tandem rolling roller roll forming structural representation
Fig. 6 is fruits and vegetables section stressed decomposing schematic representation when rolling
Among the figure: 1, light wave, microwave generator; 2, charging aperture metal composite door curtain; 3, charging aperture; 4, water sprinkler; 5, glass-ceramics heating plate, 6, PTFE slips flitch; 7, PTFE slips and expects grid; 8, water storage tank and discharge opening; 9, PTFE water collection sheet; 10, PTFE striker plate; 11, rotating vane row cutter; 12, stainless steel striker plate; 13, the trapezoidal roll of one-level; 14, the trapezoidal roll of secondary; 15, three grades of elastomer plastic cement rolls: 16, slurry preserves storehouse and outlet; 17, surplus vapor outlet; 18, complete machine stainless steel case; 19, rotating vane cutter belt pulley; 20, the trapezoidal roll belt pulley of one-level; 21, the trapezoidal roll belt pulley of secondary; 22, three grades of plastic cement roll belt pulleys; 23, frame; T1, T2: temperature sensor; 24, feeding web; 25, roller conveyor; 26, circular fruits and vegetables; 27, hot-tub; 28, turn over the fruit wheel; 29, roller conveyor; 30, cold water spray machine; 31, circulating hot water outlet; 32 circulating hot water imports; 33, spray circulating water outlet; 34 cooling ponds; 35, conveyer belt; 36, powered pulley; 37, bearing; 38, scraper plate; 39, axle; 40 casings; 41, rotation serrated knife; 42, hopper; 43, helicla flute conveyer; 44, slurries preserve bucket; 45, clamper; 46, frame; 47, light wave; 48, microwave; 49, steam; 50, circular fruits and vegetables; 51, condensing drip; 52, hot well; 53, stainless steel slide flitch; 54, the trapezoidal roll field of conjugate action; 55, ladder top; 56, the ladder end; 57, terraced waist; 58 circle fruit sections; F: terraced end face is subjected to force vector; F1: terraced left waist is subjected to force vector; F2: terraced right waist is subjected to force vector; F1-a, F1-b are respectively F1 in branch solution vector axially and radially; F2-a, F2-b are respectively F2 in branch solution vector axially and radially.
(5), the specific embodiment
Referring to accompanying drawing 1.The multistage tandem rolling fruits and vegetables of microwave blanching of the present invention pulper, main body is the cubic cylinder with 18 sealings of stainless steel case, the top is equipped with 4 20KW microwaves, light wave generator; Be vaporization blanching chamber below microwave, light wave generator, ground floor is installed devitrified glass slide flitch 5, and water sprinkler 4 evenly is sprinkled upon the globule on 5, and under microwave 47, light wave 48 irradiations, the globule is by instant vaporization, and steam fills the air whole blanching chamber; Former fruit 50 is entered on the vaporization blanching chamber 5 by charging aperture 3 orderings, slips through PTFE slide flitch 6, PTFE and expects that grid 7 is descending, is heated rapidly under microwave, light wave and steam triple role, realizes sterilization, sterilization, inactive enzyme and pericarp lignifying; The indoor surplus water of blanching is collected into water leg 52 through slipping the hydrophobic grid 7 of material by stainless steel water collection sheet 9, discharges through drainpipe 8; The indoor surplus vapour of blanching is discharged through extraction steam pipe 17; Former fruit continues descending, through stainless steel striker plate 53 and 10, enters rotating vane row cutter and is cut into 10～12mm disk; Stainless steel feed plate 12 is installed, to the milling train feeding below slicer; First and second grade milling train 13,14 adopts the compound roll surface of ultra-high molecular weight polyethylene isosceles trapezoids, and the stepped tooth that staggers between the two-stage is rolling, and the gap is fine-tuning, with do not damage skin, seed is advisable; Third level roll 15 adopts the circular compound roll surface of elastomer plastic cement, and juice is thoroughly squeezed out in skin, seed; Slicer and milling train are driven by synchronous stepless speed-regulating motor through belt pulley 19,20,21,22, through MCU (Single sheet machine) control and charging motor coupling; Mixed slurry behind the tandem rolling enters slip and preserves the storehouse, enters down road screening operation by outlet 16.
Claims (4)
1. the multistage tandem rolling fruits and vegetables of microwave blanching pulper, it is characterized in that: top is provided with microwave, light wave vaporization blanching chamber, and the middle part is provided with rotation row cutter slicer, and the bottom is provided with tandem rolling unit and storage bin, complete machine is controlled automatically by MCU, realizes that fruits and vegetables blanching, section, slurrying are integrated.
2. according to the multistage tandem rolling fruits and vegetables of the described microwave blanching of claim 1 pulper, it is characterized in that: described microwave, light wave vaporization blanching chamber comprise the anti-leak outer casing, microwave, light wave transmitter, water sprinkler, devitrified glass slide flitch, multilayer PTFE slide flitch, PTFE slip and expect hydrophobic grid and water collection sheet, groove etc., water sprinkler to devitrified glass slip the flitch watering produce steam and prevent panel and material overheated, former fruit on multilayer is slipped flitch in the rolling dropping process by microwave, light wave, the quick blanching of steam.
3. the multistage tandem rolling fruits and vegetables of microwave blanching according to claim 1 pulper, it is characterized in that: described rotation row cutter slicer, 8 the blade cuttves of on a radial cut face, arranging, in axial blade cutter spacing is 10～12mm, blade adopts 165 ° of nick cutting edges, on striker plate, be provided with and decide sword, the moving sword of rotation with decide sword with former fruit sliding cutting slabbing material, rotation arrange the cutter slicer through belt pulley by motor-driven.
4. according to the multistage tandem rolling fruits and vegetables of the described microwave blanching of claim 1 pulper, it is characterized in that: described tandem rolling unit is made of for three grades six rollers; First and second grade roll forming of the roll is identical, is isosceles trapezoid tooth roll, and the tooth position of staggering up and down arranges that trapezoidal tooth depth, Design of Tooth Width of Right Shaft are 1/3 of former fruit average diameter, and roll adopts UHMWPE (high strength ultra-high molecular weight polyethylene) material manufacturing; The third level is adopted elastomer plastic cement roll; At comprehensive rolling time of three grades of tandem mills, from the material that is cut into sheet, moisture content and soluble solid squeezing are extruded.Three grades of rolls are established spacing and pressure micro-adjusting mechanism, through belt pulley by the synchronous variable-speed motor-driven.
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| CN201110059594XA CN102150927B (en) | 2011-05-19 | 2011-05-19 | Microwave blanching multi-stage tandem rolling fruit and vegetable pulping machine |
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| CN201110059594XA CN102150927B (en) | 2011-05-19 | 2011-05-19 | Microwave blanching multi-stage tandem rolling fruit and vegetable pulping machine |
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| CN102150927A true CN102150927A (en) | 2011-08-17 |
| CN102150927B CN102150927B (en) | 2013-12-04 |
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Cited By (5)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
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| CN102805318A (en) * | 2012-08-22 | 2012-12-05 | 广州南联实业有限公司 | Push-type constant-pressure steaming-ironing and vacuum processing equipment and method for fruit and vegetable |
| CN103584075A (en) * | 2013-11-22 | 2014-02-19 | 昆明理工大学 | Preparation method of gyromitra esculenta can |
| CN104831001A (en) * | 2015-04-27 | 2015-08-12 | 广西大学 | Sugarcane sugar refinery juicing production line |
| CN107319430A (en) * | 2017-07-31 | 2017-11-07 | 江苏省农业科学院 | A kind of method that microwave blanching joint freeze thawing pretreatment improves expanded taro crisp chip quality |
| CN114521658A (en) * | 2020-11-26 | 2022-05-24 | 于同仁 | Fruit juice extractor adopting frequency conversion speed regulation and use method |
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Cited By (9)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
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| CN102805318A (en) * | 2012-08-22 | 2012-12-05 | 广州南联实业有限公司 | Push-type constant-pressure steaming-ironing and vacuum processing equipment and method for fruit and vegetable |
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| CN103584075A (en) * | 2013-11-22 | 2014-02-19 | 昆明理工大学 | Preparation method of gyromitra esculenta can |
| CN103584075B (en) * | 2013-11-22 | 2015-07-22 | 昆明理工大学 | Preparation method of gyromitra esculenta can |
| CN104831001A (en) * | 2015-04-27 | 2015-08-12 | 广西大学 | Sugarcane sugar refinery juicing production line |
| CN104831001B (en) * | 2015-04-27 | 2018-03-23 | 广西大学 | A kind of cane sugar factory extraction of the juice production line |
| CN107319430A (en) * | 2017-07-31 | 2017-11-07 | 江苏省农业科学院 | A kind of method that microwave blanching joint freeze thawing pretreatment improves expanded taro crisp chip quality |
| CN114521658A (en) * | 2020-11-26 | 2022-05-24 | 于同仁 | Fruit juice extractor adopting frequency conversion speed regulation and use method |
| CN114521658B (en) * | 2020-11-26 | 2023-09-22 | 于同仁 | Fruit juicer adopting variable frequency speed regulation and use method |
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| CN102150927B (en) | 2013-12-04 |
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