CN102145440B - SAL2195 aluminum-lithium alloy TIG (argon tungsten-arc welding)/MIG (Metal-Inert Gas Welding) welding wire and preparation method thereof - Google Patents
SAL2195 aluminum-lithium alloy TIG (argon tungsten-arc welding)/MIG (Metal-Inert Gas Welding) welding wire and preparation method thereof Download PDFInfo
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- CN102145440B CN102145440B CN2011100967158A CN201110096715A CN102145440B CN 102145440 B CN102145440 B CN 102145440B CN 2011100967158 A CN2011100967158 A CN 2011100967158A CN 201110096715 A CN201110096715 A CN 201110096715A CN 102145440 B CN102145440 B CN 102145440B
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Abstract
The invention discloses an SAL2195 aluminium-lithium alloy TIG(argon tungsten-arc welding)/MIG (Metal-Inert Gas Welding) welding wire and a preparation method thereof. In the preparing process, the used raw material comprises the following components in percentage by weight: 0.5 to 1.5 percent of Li, 0.5 to 1.5 percent of Mg, 3.5 to 4.5 percent of Cu, 0.1 to 0.25 percent of Zr, 0.1 to 0.2 percentof Ce and the rest of Al. The preparation method of the SAL2195 aluminium-lithium alloy TIG/MIG welding wire is carried out according to the following steps of: a, smelting the mixed raw material in a vacuum induction furnace and casting under the protection of argon; b, extruding to prepare an alloy rolled steel wire; and c, after carrying out coarse, intermediate and fine wire drawing on the alloy rolled steel wire, carrying out scraping and cleaning to obtain the welding wire. The SAL2195 aluminium-lithium alloy TIG/MIG welding wire prepared by the preparation method has low burning rate, is difficult to break and has high mechanical property.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to a kind of novel aluminum lithium alloy welding wire and preparation method thereof, belong to nonferrous materials preparation, processing and forming field in the metal material kind in the new material scope.
Background technology
Lithium is the lightest metal of nature, and density is 0.534g/cm3, and fusing point is 186 ℃, adds the metallic element lithium in the aluminium, when reducing total density, can increase substantially the elastic modelling quantity of alloy.Research shows that every interpolation mass fraction is 1% lithium in aluminium alloy, can reduce density metal 3%, improves elastic modelling quantity 6%.Replace conventional aluminium alloy with aluminium lithium alloy, can make structure loss of weight 10%～20%, rigidity improves 15%～20%.Therefore, the aluminium lithium alloy that has low-density, high elastic modulus, high specific strength and a high specific stiffness performance has wide application prospect at aerospace field.
In the aerospace flight vehicle fuel tank, whenever alleviate the payload that 1kg weight just increases 1kg, can bring about 100000 dollars economic benefit and increase the 1kg payload.Therefore, in the design and manufacturing of following course of new aircraft, will more adopt aluminium lithium alloy to make fuel tank and carry out loss of weight.The consumption of corresponding various aluminium lithium alloy welding wires is with increasing.
At present, existing more than the 20 kind of ingot production of external aluminium lithium alloy reaches industrialized level, and states such as America and Europe can produce the ingot casting of 6～10t, and Russia has possessed the ingot casting ability of producing 25t.The aluminium lithium alloy annual production of U.S. Alcoa company has surpassed 3600t, can expand 9000t rapidly to as required.The aluminium lithium alloy factory annual production that Britain Alcan company and French Pechiney company unite construction can reach 10000t, and state's aluminium lithium alloys such as the United States, Russia, Europe are rolling, extruding and the technology of forging have reached conventional aluminium alloy level.In recent years, implementing low-cost emitter, the plan of ultralight fuel tank and reusable spacecraft core in the works, strengthen the research of aluminium lithium alloy abroad, promoted developing rapidly of aluminium lithium alloy.Aluminium lithium alloy has used for many years remarkable benefit on opportunities of combat such as U.S. F15B, Russia's rice lattice 29, Soviet Union 27, Britain EAP.The U.S. " Discovery " space shuttle fuel tank uses the Welding Structure of 2195 aluminium lithium alloys, makes whole fuel tank loss of weight 3300kg.The U.S. " Endeavour " space shuttle fuel tank has adopted the Weldalite049 aluminium lithium alloy to replace 2219 alloys, makes the carrying capacity of space shuttle improve 3400 kg.Rocket propellent tank is a pressure-bearing welded vessel, is welded by metal shell, and aluminium lithium alloy is the preferred material of this tank.Adopt welding method to replace clinching method in the eighties abroad, obtained good loss of weight benefit.The aluminium lithium alloy welding wire of development has reached higher level.
It is the research of alloy that China has begun Al-Cu-Li from the end of the sixties; But real research climax begins after aluminium lithium alloy is put into the Seventh Five-Year Plan Program for Tackling Key Problems as state key project financing; Whole nation institution of higher education of existing tens of family, scientific research institutions and factory participate in so far, and research contents is also rather comprehensive, from the theory to reality; From founding, alloying, be heat-treated to structure property; We can say all-embracingly, especially space flight 510 research institutes in 1998 utilize the microgravity electromagnetic analogue successfully to prepare to contain the lithium amount up to 5%～10% binary aluminium lithium alloy small sample, and the manufacturing technology of aluminium lithium alloy is further developed.
China has adopted the riveted structure part of aluminium lithium alloy in certain novel aerospace craft design; But riveted joint generally connects the low equipment of some seal requests, and welding can be processed the higher equipment of sealing requirements, therefore; Might, adopt by following aerospace craft the welding structural elements of aluminium lithium alloys in making in a large number; The consumption of aluminium lithium alloy welding wire will grow steadily, but the aluminium lithium alloy welding wire of China does not form mass production capabilities as yet at present, and level still is in the experimental study stage of plugging a gap.
Aluminium lithium alloy adopts TIG weldering (Tangstent inert gas; Gas tungsten arc welding) or MIG weldering (Metal inert-gas welding melting pole gas shielded arc welding); The loss of weight benefit of material itself is about 12%; Replace riveted joint with welding, saving connection securing member and O-ring seal loss of weight benefit has 12% again.
But traditional SAL2195 aluminium lithium alloy TIG/MIG welding wire lithium in the preparation process is oxidized easily; The burn out rate of lithium is high, and aluminium lithium alloy welding wire wire rod rough surface, cut are dark, and squeezed joint intensity is low; Easy fracture during wire drawing; Production efficiency is low, and environmental pollution is serious, and prepared welding wire mechanical property is bad.
Summary of the invention
The present invention is intended to overcome the deficiency that above prior art exists, and provides a kind of mechanical property good SAL2195 aluminium lithium alloy TIG/MIG solder wire formula system, to satisfy the demand of 2195 aluminium lithium alloys to welding procedure.
Another object of the present invention provide a kind of in the preparation process burn out rate of lithium low, reduce the method for preparing SAL2195 aluminium lithium alloy TIG/MIG welding wire of environmental pollution.
Technical solution problem of the present invention adopts following technical scheme:
A kind of SAL2195 aluminium lithium alloy TIG/MIG welding wire; Said welding wire adopts the Al-Li-Mg-Cu-Zr-Ce alloy system; The weight percentage of each component is: Li 0.5～1.5%, Mg 0.5～1.5%, Cu 3.5～4.5%, Zr 0.1～0.25%, Ce 0.1～0.2%, all the other are Al.
The preparation method of SAL2195 aluminium lithium alloy TIG/MIG welding wire of the present invention, carry out according to the following steps:
A, the Li with proportional quantity, Mg, Cu, Zr, Ce and Al adopt vacuum induction melting, and smelting temperature is 630 ℃～660 ℃, and purifying vacuum is 1 * 10
-3Pa～2 * 10
-3Pa, under the protection of argon gas, cast after the melting ingot casting, argon flow amount is 8～10ml ∕ s;
Under 500～550 ℃ of temperature, carry out the continuously extruded alloy wire rod that makes behind the foreign material at b, removal ingot casting surface and two;
C, with the alloy wire rod through thick, in, behind the finish draw silk, carry out the scraping clean again and promptly get said welding wire.
Further, the purifying vacuum that is adopted among the step a is 1.35 * 10
-3Best results during Pa.
Further, scraping is cleaned and is adopted rotary delthyrium scraper among the step c.
Beneficial effect of the present invention is embodied in the following aspects:
1, adopt vacuum melting Argon casting process to prepare the aluminium lithium alloy ingot casting, the easy oxidized problem of lithium in the alloy when having solved ingot casting, the burn out rate of lithium can be controlled in 3%.
2, adopt the thermosol continuous extruding technology to prepare the aluminium lithium alloy wire rod.Former technology is cold extrusion; New technology is for when extruding is preheated to 500～550 ℃ to the aluminium lithium alloy ingot, solved aluminium lithium alloy welding wire wire rod rough surface when colding pressing originally, cut is dark, and the low problem of squeezed joint intensity; Make when the subsequent handling wire drawing and to have improved production efficiency by not easy fracture.
3, adopt the scraping cleaning to prepare the aluminium lithium alloy welding wire.Former technology adopts during for wire drawing strong acid (nitric acid+sulfuric acid+phosphoric acid) to be heated to 120 ℃ and cleans the welding wire surface oxides; And new technology adopts during for wire drawing rotary delthyrium scraper to carry out scraping to clean the problem of environmental pollution of having avoided the traditional chemical cleaning to bring.
4, the mechanical property of SAL2195 aluminium lithium alloy TIG/MIG welding wire of the prior art is generally: tensile strength sigma ь is 460MP а, and yield strength σ 0.2 is for 370MP а, joint percentage elongation δ are 7%, angle of bend а is that 12 °, strength factor
η are 70%.And SAL2195 aluminium lithium alloy TIG/MIG welding wire of the present invention adds the rare earth element ce of trace in raw material; Reached the dispersion-strengtherning lattice structure, improved the eutectic distributional pattern, the purpose of strengthen welds solidified structure; Mechanical property has greatly improved; Tensile strength sigma ь is 550～600MP а, and yield strength σ 0.2 is that 450～500MP а, joint percentage elongation δ are 8～10%, angle of bend а is 12～18 °, strength factor
η is 80～
85%.
The specific embodiment
Below the preferred embodiments of the present invention are described, should be appreciated that preferred embodiment described herein only is used for explanation and explains the present invention, and be not used in qualification the present invention.
Embodiment 1
A kind of SAL2195 aluminium lithium alloy TIG/MIG welding wire; Said welding wire adopts the Al-Li-Mg-Cu-Zr-Ce alloy system, and the weight percentage of each component is during manufacturing: Li 1.08%, Mg 0.69%, Cu 3.96%, Zr 0.14%, Ce 0.15%, all the other are Al.
Method preparation according to the following steps:
A, the Li with proportional quantity, Mg, Cu, Zr, Ce and Al adopt vaccum sensitive stove to carry out melting, and smelting temperature is about 650 ℃, and vacuum is 1 * 10
-3Pa, under the protection of argon gas, cast after the melting ingot casting, argon flow amount is about 8ml ∕ s;
Under 500 ℃ of temperature, carry out the continuously extruded alloy wire rod that makes behind the foreign material at b, removal ingot casting surface and two;
C, with the alloy wire rod through thick, in, behind the finish draw silk, carry out the scraping clean with rotary delthyrium scraper and promptly get said welding wire.
Embodiment 2
A kind of SAL2195 aluminium lithium alloy TIG/MIG welding wire; Said welding wire adopts the Al-Li-Mg-Cu-Zr-Ce alloy system, and the weight percentage of each component is during manufacturing: Li 0.5%, Mg 1.5%, Cu 3.5%, Zr 0.25%, Ce 0.1%, all the other are Al.
Press embodiment 1 described method preparation, wherein smelting temperature is 630 ℃, and vacuum is 1 * 10
-3Pa, argon flow amount are 10ml ∕ s, under 525 ℃ of temperature, carry out continuously extruded.
Embodiment 3
A kind of SAL2195 aluminium lithium alloy TIG/MIG welding wire, said welding wire adopts the Al-Li-Mg-Cu-Zr-Ce alloy system, and the weight percentage of each component is during manufacturing: Li 1.5%, Mg 0.5%, Cu 4.5%, Zr 0.1%, Ce 0.2%, all the other are Al.
Press embodiment 1 described method preparation, wherein smelting temperature is 660 ℃, and vacuum is 2 * 10
-3Pa, argon flow amount are 9ml ∕ s, under 550 ℃ of temperature, carry out continuously extruded.
Embodiment 4
A kind of SAL2195 aluminium lithium alloy TIG/MIG welding wire; Said welding wire adopts the Al-Li-Mg-Cu-Zr-Ce alloy system, and the weight percentage of each component is during manufacturing: Li 1.3%, Mg 1.3%, Cu 4.2%, Zr 0.2%, Ce 0.16%, all the other are Al.
Press embodiment 3 described method preparations.
The welding joint mechanical property data of various embodiments of the present invention gained welding wire are seen table 1.
Table 1
| ? | Tensile strength (σ ь/MP а) | Yield strength (σ 0.2/ MP а) | The joint percentage elongation (δ/%) | Angle of bend (а/(°)) | Strength factor ( η/%） |
| Embodiment 1 | 587.3 | 469.7 | 8.8 | 16 | 80 |
| Embodiment 2 | 596.3 | 477.4 | 9.8 | 15 | 82 |
| Embodiment 3 | 573.2 | 458.6 | 8.3 | 13 | 85 |
| Embodiment 4 | 562.4 | 450.2 | 8.0 | 14 | 78 |
What should explain at last is: the above is merely the preferred embodiments of the present invention; Be not limited to the present invention; Although the present invention has been carried out detailed explanation with reference to previous embodiment; For a person skilled in the art, it still can be made amendment to the technical scheme that aforementioned each embodiment put down in writing, and perhaps part technical characterictic wherein is equal to replacement.All within spirit of the present invention and principle, any modification of being done, be equal to replacement, improvement etc., all should be included within protection scope of the present invention.
Claims (4)
1.SAL2195 aluminium lithium alloy TIG/MIG welding wire; It is characterized in that; Employed raw material comprises each component of following percetage by weight during manufacturing:: Li 0.5～1.5%, Mg 0.5～1.5%, Cu 3.5～4.5%, Zr 0.1～0.25%, Ce 0.1～0.2%, all the other are Al.
2. the preparation method of the described SAL2195 aluminium lithium alloy of claim 1 TIG/MIG welding wire is characterized in that, carries out according to the following steps:
A, the Li with proportional quantity, Mg, Cu, Zr, Ce and Al adopt vacuum induction melting, and smelting temperature is 630 ℃～660 ℃, and purifying vacuum is 1 * 10
-3Pa～2 * 10
-3Pa, under the protection of argon gas, cast after the melting ingot casting, argon flow amount is 8～10ml ∕ s;
Under 500～550 ℃ of temperature, carry out the continuously extruded alloy wire rod that makes behind the foreign material at b, removal ingot casting surface and two;
C, with the alloy wire rod through thick, in, behind the finish draw silk, carry out the scraping clean again and promptly get said welding wire.
3. the preparation method of SAL2195 aluminium lithium alloy TIG/MIG welding wire according to claim 2, it is characterized in that: the purifying vacuum that is adopted among the step a is 1.35 * 10
-3Pa.
4. the preparation method of SAL2195 aluminium lithium alloy TIG/MIG welding wire according to claim 3 is characterized in that: scraping is cleaned and is adopted rotary delthyrium scraper among the step c.
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|---|---|---|---|
| CN2011100967158A CN102145440B (en) | 2011-04-18 | 2011-04-18 | SAL2195 aluminum-lithium alloy TIG (argon tungsten-arc welding)/MIG (Metal-Inert Gas Welding) welding wire and preparation method thereof |
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| CN104384748A (en) * | 2014-09-18 | 2015-03-04 | 兰州威特焊材炉料有限公司 | TIG/MIG aluminum welding wire and preparation method thereof |
| CN105710568A (en) * | 2016-04-12 | 2016-06-29 | 兰州威特焊材科技股份有限公司 | Preparation method of TIG/MIG welding wire of high-purity aluminum alloy SAL4043 special for high-speed trains |
| CN106334880A (en) * | 2016-07-29 | 2017-01-18 | 安徽飞弧焊业股份有限公司 | Erbium and ytterbium containing aluminum alloy welding wire |
| CN106271192A (en) * | 2016-09-05 | 2017-01-04 | 兰州威特焊材科技股份有限公司 | A kind of AI Mg Si series alloys adapted welding wire and preparation technology thereof |
| CN114012305A (en) * | 2021-11-05 | 2022-02-08 | 江苏豪然喷射成形合金有限公司 | Welding wire for spray forming of aluminum-lithium alloy and preparation method thereof |
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| CN1117903A (en) * | 1994-08-30 | 1996-03-06 | 天津大学 | Low alloy steel high-toughness self-shielded flux-cored welding stick |
| JPH08252689A (en) * | 1995-03-14 | 1996-10-01 | Alithium:Kk | Aluminum-lithium alloy filler metal |
| US20030145912A1 (en) * | 1998-02-20 | 2003-08-07 | Haszler Alfred Johann Peter | Formable, high strength aluminium-magnesium alloy material for application in welded structures |
| CN100361777C (en) * | 2004-12-08 | 2008-01-16 | 中国科学院金属研究所 | High strength low heat cracking aluminium copper serial alloy welding wire, its preparation method and application |
| CN100445019C (en) * | 2006-09-14 | 2008-12-24 | 中国航空工业第一集团公司北京航空材料研究院 | Al-Mg-Sc series solder wire |
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Address after: 730070, No. 348, Xin Wan Road, Anning District, Gansu, Lanzhou Patentee after: LANZHOU WEITE WELDING MATERIAL TECHNOLOGY CO., LTD. Address before: 730070, No. 348, Xin Wan Road, Anning District, Gansu, Lanzhou Patentee before: Lanzhou Weite Welding Material Furance Burden Co., Ltd. |