CN102138632A - Method for removing free gossypol from cotton dregs by biological fermentation method - Google Patents
Method for removing free gossypol from cotton dregs by biological fermentation method Download PDFInfo
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- CN102138632A CN102138632A CN2010101019878A CN201010101987A CN102138632A CN 102138632 A CN102138632 A CN 102138632A CN 2010101019878 A CN2010101019878 A CN 2010101019878A CN 201010101987 A CN201010101987 A CN 201010101987A CN 102138632 A CN102138632 A CN 102138632A
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
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- Y02P—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES IN THE PRODUCTION OR PROCESSING OF GOODS
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Abstract
The invention discloses a method for removing free gossypol from cotton dregs by a microbial fermentation method, which comprises the following steps of: a, preparing cotton dreg raw materials; b, adding feed water into the raw materials, wherein the weight ratio of the cotton dreg raw materials to water is (1:0.3)-0.8; c, inoculating microbial strains according to a certain ratio, wherein the microbial strains comprise 0.1 to 10 percent of bacillus licheniformis, 0.1 to 10 percent of lactobacillus casei and 0.1 to 10 percent of saccharomyces cerevisiae according to the percentage ratio of the weight or volume of a strain-containing culture medium to the weight of the cotton dreg raw materials; d, controlling temperature and fermenting at the temperature of between 30 and 50 DEG C; and e, after the step d is finished, drying, crushing, inspecting and packaging the fermented cotton dregs. In products obtained by the method directly, the free gossypol in the cotton dregs can be degraded effectively, and the protein quality of the cotton dregs can be improved, so that the utilization rate of the cotton dregs in various livestock and poultry feeds is improved effectively.
Description
Technical field
The invention belongs to technical field of biological fermentation, especially, relate to a kind of ANFs that utilizes in the microbe fermentation method removal cotton dregs, particularly remove the method for free gossypol.
Background technology
Protein can be divided into animal protein and vegetable protein two big classes by raw material sources in the feed, wherein fish meal, meat meal tankage and blood meal etc. contain abundant animal protein, because contained amino acid and the required amino acid similarity of growth of animals or poultry of these albumen, so not simple absorptivity height of this albumen, and also have absorption fast, to advantages such as the water pollution degree are low, yet animal protein prices such as fish meal are higher than vegetable protein far away, and some high-quality fish meals must dependence on import.The vegetable protein source comprises big dregs of beans, rapeseed dregs, the cottonseed dregs of rice, peanut meal etc., compare with animal protein such as fish meal, cheap and the wide material sources in vegetable protein source, it is the ideal protein source that substitutes fish meal, but generally all contain various ANFs in the plant waste matter class, and its amino acid content is not as good as animal protein balances such as fish meal.ANFs not only influences the palatability of animal, the main digestive enzyme activity that influences animal, thereby the digestibility of nutriments such as reduction protein, amino acid, and the height of digestibility will directly have influence on the utilization of animal to plant protein source.In addition, some ANFs can directly produce toxic action to animal, upsets its normal physiological function.The amino acid content imbalance also is a key factor of restriction vegetable protein usage ratio simultaneously.
Cotton dregs are cottonseeds through shelling, heating, flatten flakiness leach oil with solvent hexane after, remaining byproduct.Contain protein in the cotton dregs more than 40%, lysine 1.59%, methionine 0.52% is the very valuable a kind of raw material of animal and fowl fodder.China is a cotton big country of product simultaneously, and China produces the cottonseed amount per year can reach 1,013 ten thousand tons, and oil expression back estimation can be produced the cotton cake dregs (containing shell about 15%) about 5,530,000 tons.But, also there is multiple ANFs in the cotton dregs, promptly a class that is contained in the cotton dregs produces dysgenic material to the digestion of nutritional labeling, absorption, metabolism and to health and the production performance of animal.Because the existence of these ANFs has restricted the application of cotton dregs on animal and fowl fodder and aquatic feeds greatly.The ANFs that cotton dregs have mainly contains free gossypol, phytic acid and tannin etc.In the prior art, also useful microbe fermentation method is removed free gossypol in the cotton dregs, but following shortcoming is arranged: some method need be sieved to cotton dregs, then fermentation; Also some need in cotton dregs, add nutritional labeling be convenient to allow the fermentation more abundant; Also some must carry out under the condition of aerobic.These conditions make sweat complicated more, are unfavorable for saving cost and industrialization production.
Summary of the invention
In order to overcome the above problems, the invention provides a kind of method of utilizing microbe fermentation method to remove free gossypol in the cotton dregs, produce the fermentation cotton dregs feed of the polytrophic super quality and competitive price that are suitable for growth of animal.This method comprises: a. prepares the cotton dregs raw material; B. in raw material, add pan feeding water according to a certain percentage; C. inoculate three kinds of microorganism fungus kinds such as bacillus licheniformis, lactobacillus, S. cervisiae by a certain percentage; D. temperature controlled fermentation, fermentation temperature is 30 ℃～50 ℃ a alternating temperature; E. finished product is handled.
Particularly in the embodiment, the cotton dregs raw material can be directed to the byproduct of cottonseed generation after oil expression, and does not need the processing of sieving at some.Add a certain proportion of material water in raw material: material water can be running water, perhaps clean natural water such as river, well water etc., but preferably above-mentioned water is used after sterilization again; By a certain percentage water and raw material mix, and the cotton dregs raw material is 1: 0.3～0.8 with the weight ratio of material water.
The inoculation bacterial classification.Insert the bacterial classification that the inventor obtains in this laboratory screening according to conventional method according to certain ratio, bacterial classification comprises three kinds of microorganism fungus kinds such as bacillus licheniformis, lactobacillus, S. cervisiae.The culture medium of bacillus licheniformis, S. cervisiae is that liquid seed culture medium is the PDA culture medium, and the solids manufacture culture medium is wheat bran, rice chaff etc.; The lactobacillus culture medium is the configuration of molasses, beef extract and peptone.The bacterial classification of inoculating by the percentage that contains culture of strains base weight or volume and cotton dregs raw material weight, be respectively bacillus licheniformis 0.1%～10%, Lactobacillus casei 0.1%～10%, S. cervisiae 0.1%～10%.More excellent, bacillus licheniformis 0.5%～5%, Lactobacillus casei 0.5%～5%, S. cervisiae 0.5%～5%.More excellent, bacillus licheniformis 0.5%～2%, Lactobacillus casei 0.5%～2%, S. cervisiae 0.5%～2%.Optimum, allow the ratio between three kinds of microorganisms be 1: 1: 1 simultaneously.
Temperature controlled fermentation.Fermentation temperature is 30 ℃～50 ℃ a alternating temperature, and fermentation time is 48～72 hours, and is too high when the material temperature, surpasses 50 ℃, or crosses when hanging down, and less than 30 ℃, should take corresponding measures such as cooling, turning and heating and heat preservation; Described fermentation time does not calculate the material temperature and is lower than 30 ℃ time.
Finished product is handled.Described finished product is handled and is meant the technology after the fermentation ends: oven dry-pulverizing-check-packing; Product can be a powdery, also can be to granulate; For the user who takes in time to use, product can not dried yet, and directly the needs according to oneself carry out the proportioning use.
Beneficial effect
Method of the present invention and directly the product technology effect of acquisition is remarkable, its product free gossypol in the cotton dregs of can effectively degrading after by biofermentation improves the protein quality of cotton dregs, thereby improves the utilization rate of cotton dregs in various animal and fowl fodders effectively.The beneficial effect of the fermentation cotton dregs feed product of producing by the inventive method mainly is: 1, the significantly reduction of free gossypol content: by the inventive method cotton dregs are carried out after the fermenting and producing, free gossypol in the product can descend more than 60% with respect to the content in the former cotton dregs, can significantly reduce in the feeding process toxic action to livestock and poultry; 2, use the fermentation of this technology after, the nutritive value of cotton dregs is improved significantly, protein and total amino acid amount have improved more than 10 percentage points before the fermentation, and the small protein content that degraded obtains has improved more than the twice before the fermentation, and the product protein content is greater than 45%.3, method of the present invention is simple, does not need exacting terms, industrialization easily, and can effectively reduce cost.
The specific embodiment
In order to further specify the present invention, now test explanation, these tests only are the embodiments of some specific embodiment, can not make any qualification to protection scope of the present invention.
Test 1: the cotton dregs raw material is directed to the byproduct that cottonseed produces after oil expression; The cotton dregs raw material is 1: 0.3 with the weight ratio of material water; The bacterial classification of inoculating by the percentage that contains culture of strains base weight or volume and cotton dregs raw material weight, be respectively bacillus licheniformis 0.1%, Lactobacillus casei 0.1%, S. cervisiae 0.1%; Fermentation temperature is 30 ℃～50 ℃ a alternating temperature, and fermentation time is 60 hours.
Test 2: the cotton dregs raw material is directed to the byproduct that cottonseed produces after oil expression; The cotton dregs raw material is 1: 0.8 with the weight ratio of material water; The bacterial classification of inoculating by the percentage that contains culture of strains base weight or volume and cotton dregs raw material weight, be respectively bacillus licheniformis 10%, Lactobacillus casei 10%, make saccharomycete 10%; Fermentation temperature is 30 ℃～50 ℃, and fermentation time is 60 hours.
Test 3: the cotton dregs raw material is directed to the byproduct that cottonseed produces after oil expression; The cotton dregs raw material is 1: 0.6 with the weight ratio of material water; The bacterial classification of inoculating by the percentage that contains culture of strains base weight or volume and cotton dregs raw material weight, be respectively bacillus licheniformis 0.5%, Lactobacillus casei 0.5%, S. cervisiae 0.5%; Fermentation temperature is 30 ℃～50 ℃, and fermentation time is 72 hours;
Test 4: the cotton dregs raw material is directed to the byproduct that cottonseed produces after oil expression.The cotton dregs raw material is 1: 0.8 with the weight ratio of material water.The bacterial classification of inoculating by the percentage that contains culture of strains base weight or volume and cotton dregs raw material weight, be respectively bacillus licheniformis 2%, Lactobacillus casei 2%, S. cervisiae 2%; Fermentation temperature is 30 ℃～50 ℃, and fermentation time is 60 hours;
Test 5: the cotton dregs raw material is directed to the byproduct that cottonseed produces after oil expression.The cotton dregs raw material is 1: 0.6 with the weight ratio of material water.The bacterial classification of inoculating by the percentage that contains culture of strains base weight or volume and cotton dregs raw material weight, be respectively bacillus licheniformis 2%, Lactobacillus casei 2%, S. cervisiae 1%; Fermentation temperature is 30 ℃～50 ℃, and fermentation time is 48 hours.
Wherein, contrast the cotton dregs raw material of handling by fermentation into not, it is directed to the byproduct that cottonseed produces after oil expression.
Result of the test
Table 1, different tests is to the influence of logical free gossypol, protein, total amino acid, small protein content
| Project | Test 1 | Test 2 | Test 3 | Test 4 | Test 5 | Contrast |
| Free gossypol content (mg/kg) | 326 | 343 | 301 | 296 | 321 | 726 |
| Protein (%) | 44.93 | 45.01 | 45.77 | 45.13 | 44.63 | 40.57 |
| Total amino acid (%) | 36.63 | 37.29 | 37.63 | 37.13 | 36.25 | 34.67 |
| Soluble protein (mg/g) | 36.8 | 38.1 | 37.93 | 38.2 | 37.1 | 6.8 |
It is not unique constant being used for the term and the expression way of describing method herein, and we use these terms and expression way to get rid of the expression way of any same meaning of describing this method or feature without any intention, the various expression way of our approvals in the scope of the present invention's statement.Therefore, although we think that the present invention in this article clearly displays with various concrete schemes and feature description arbitrarily, but the expression way that changes the design that discloses herein also will be sought help from those experienced professional technique personages, and these changes are consistent with the statement that the present invention attaches.
Article, patent, patent application and the content of all other documents and the useful digitized information of mentioning herein and quote as proof combine, must come reference as a complete content, delivering wherein, any one part all will specialize this point.The applicant has and these any and whole articles, patent, patent is used or the information of other document and material are integrated with the right of the part that this application book discloses as patent specification.
Claims (4)
1. method of utilizing biological fermentation process to remove free gossypol in the cotton dregs comprises:
A. add pan feeding water in the cotton dregs raw material that is directed to cottonseed generation after oil expression, the cotton dregs raw material is 1: 0.3～0.8 with the weight ratio of material water;
B. inoculate three kinds of microorganism fungus kinds such as bacillus licheniformis, Lactobacillus casei, S. cervisiae in proportion, the bacterial classification of inoculating by the percentage that contains culture of strains base weight or volume and cotton dregs raw material weight, be respectively bacillus licheniformis 0.1%～10%, Lactobacillus casei 0.1%～10%, S. cervisiae 0.1%～10%, wherein, the ratio of three kinds of bacterium is 1: 1: 1;
C. temperature controlled fermentation, fermentation temperature is 30 ℃～50 ℃;
D. after the c. step finishes, the cotton dregs of crossing are by fermentation dried-pulverized-check-pack.
2. the method for claim 1, it is characterized in that, the bacterial classification of inoculating by the percentage that contains culture of strains base weight or volume and cotton dregs raw material weight, be respectively bacillus licheniformis 0.5%～5%, Lactobacillus casei 0.5%～5%, S. cervisiae 0.5%～5%.
3. the method for claim 1, it is characterized in that, the bacterial classification of inoculating by the percentage that contains culture of strains base weight or volume and cotton dregs raw material weight, be respectively bacillus licheniformis 0.5%～2%, Lactobacillus casei 0.5%～2%, S. cervisiae 0.5%～2%.
4. a cotton dregs feed is characterized in that preparing through following method, and this method comprises:
A. prepare the cotton dregs raw material;
B. add pan feeding water in raw material, the cotton dregs raw material is 1: 0.3～0.8 with the weight ratio of material water;
C. inoculate three kinds of microorganism fungus kinds such as bacillus licheniformis, Lactobacillus casei, S. cervisiae by a certain percentage, the bacterial classification of inoculating by the percentage that contains culture of strains base weight or volume and cotton dregs raw material weight, be respectively bacillus licheniformis 0.1%～10%, Lactobacillus casei 0.1%～10%, S. cervisiae 0.1%～10%;
D. temperature controlled fermentation, fermentation temperature is 30 ℃～50 ℃;
E. after the d. step finishes, the cotton dregs of crossing are by fermentation dried-pulverized-check-pack.
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| CN2010101019878A CN102138632B (en) | 2010-01-28 | 2010-01-28 | Method for removing free gossypol from cotton dregs by biological fermentation method |
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| CN2010101019878A CN102138632B (en) | 2010-01-28 | 2010-01-28 | Method for removing free gossypol from cotton dregs by biological fermentation method |
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Cited By (5)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN103798511A (en) * | 2012-12-31 | 2014-05-21 | 北京资源亚太饲料科技有限公司 | Saccharomyces cerevisiae for efficiently degrading gossypol and application thereof to fermentation of cottonseed meal |
| CN104814363A (en) * | 2015-05-29 | 2015-08-05 | 郭心仪 | Preparation method of fish feed |
| CN107173544A (en) * | 2017-06-07 | 2017-09-19 | 江苏久久和牧农牧科技有限公司 | A kind of production method of miscellaneous dregs of rice fermented feed |
| CN108260708A (en) * | 2016-12-30 | 2018-07-10 | 中粮集团有限公司 | A kind of dedicated nonreactive fermentation compound feed of ruminant and preparation method thereof |
| CN113841785A (en) * | 2021-08-18 | 2021-12-28 | 福建傲农生物科技集团股份有限公司 | Preparation method and application of probiotic fermented cottonseed meal |
Family Cites Families (3)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN1083671A (en) * | 1993-09-13 | 1994-03-16 | 山东省聊城地区粮食局 | De-poisoning method for cottonseed cake |
| CN101054598A (en) * | 2007-04-04 | 2007-10-17 | 顾建洪 | Method for preparing cotton dreg peptide protein by organism ferment |
| CN101513220A (en) * | 2009-03-24 | 2009-08-26 | 中国农业科学院油料作物研究所 | Preparation method of protein feed in oilseed dregs |
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2010
- 2010-01-28 CN CN2010101019878A patent/CN102138632B/en not_active Expired - Fee Related
Cited By (5)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN103798511A (en) * | 2012-12-31 | 2014-05-21 | 北京资源亚太饲料科技有限公司 | Saccharomyces cerevisiae for efficiently degrading gossypol and application thereof to fermentation of cottonseed meal |
| CN104814363A (en) * | 2015-05-29 | 2015-08-05 | 郭心仪 | Preparation method of fish feed |
| CN108260708A (en) * | 2016-12-30 | 2018-07-10 | 中粮集团有限公司 | A kind of dedicated nonreactive fermentation compound feed of ruminant and preparation method thereof |
| CN107173544A (en) * | 2017-06-07 | 2017-09-19 | 江苏久久和牧农牧科技有限公司 | A kind of production method of miscellaneous dregs of rice fermented feed |
| CN113841785A (en) * | 2021-08-18 | 2021-12-28 | 福建傲农生物科技集团股份有限公司 | Preparation method and application of probiotic fermented cottonseed meal |
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| CN102138632B (en) | 2013-07-24 |
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