CN102129401A - Boot read-only-memory (BootROM) backup method and device - Google Patents
Boot read-only-memory (BootROM) backup method and device Download PDFInfo
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- CN102129401A CN102129401A CN2011100612447A CN201110061244A CN102129401A CN 102129401 A CN102129401 A CN 102129401A CN 2011100612447 A CN2011100612447 A CN 2011100612447A CN 201110061244 A CN201110061244 A CN 201110061244A CN 102129401 A CN102129401 A CN 102129401A
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Abstract
The invention discloses a Boot read-only-memory (BootROM) backup method and a BootROM backup device. The device comprises a conversion unit, wherein the conversion unit is used for connecting a central processing unit (CPU) with a first BootROM and a second BootROM, and converting connection states between the CPU and the first and second BootROMs between a first connection state and a second connection state to switch the service conditions of the first and second BootROMs. The backup method comprises the following steps of: when a main BootROM can start a system, upgrading a standby BootROM, and when the main BootROM cannot start the system, converting the connection states between the CPU and the two BootROMs to continue starting the system, and simultaneously upgrading the BootROM incapable of starting the system. The BootROM backup method and the BootROM backup device have the advantages of improving the reliability and security of embedded equipment, along with convenience and low cost of system debugging, capability of automatically finishing upgrading a BootROM chip and the like.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to a kind of BootROM backup method and device, especially a kind of BootROM backup method and device that is used for embedded system.
Background technology
At present, in embedded system, adopt BootROM (Boot Read-Only-Memory, system start-up ROM (read-only memory)) sintering and deposit start-up code, guiding CPU load operating application program.On communication facilitiess such as switch, router, also usually adopt BootROM starting outfit, loading application programs.As shown in Figure 1, adopt the flow process of BootROM starting outfit main system as follows: (1) system powers on; (2) CPU carries out the BootROM code from CS0 pin address space pointed; (3) if user intervention is arranged, then enter in the BootROM mini system, finish user's requests such as BootROM self or application program updating; (4) as the no user intervention, then load the application program of appointment, give application program with control.In the hardware line design of system, the CS0 pin of CPU need be linked to each other with the CS pin of BootROM chip.
Add man-hour in device fabrication, by programmable device with the start-up code sintering and be solidificated in the chip.Equipment is subjected to the restriction of site environment after reaching the standard grade and using, and the BootROM that upgrades if desired then can only use software-driven to carry out online upgrading.Will exist some reasons to cause BootROM upgrading failure like this, thereby cause starting failure, system crash; Main cause has following several: (1) because the problem of drive software self, causes the BootROM chip by the wiping of mistake, and causes the BootROM mirror image imperfect; (2) extraneous accidental cause in the online upgrading process, as: outage, equipment are reset etc., cause escalation process by aborted, cause file destroyed; (3) after the BootROM chip repeatedly was wiped free of and programmes, chip self lost efficacy; (4) upgrading has write wrong BootROM image file.After causing BootROM impaired owing to these reasons, usually need equipment is returned manufacturer, change chip or sintering again, thereby influence the normal operation and the use of equipment.
A kind of common method is to place two BootROM chips on equipment veneer, and the BootROM chip that plays guiding function is that the master uses BootROM, and another sheet chip is then as standby BootROM; Main CS pin with the BootROM chip is connected on the CS0 pin of CPU, and the CS pin of standby BootROM chip is unsettled not to be used, and simultaneously, can switch by a toggle switch; After the switching, the CS pin of standby BootROM chip is connected on the CS0 pin of CPU, this moment is main does not use with the CS pin of BootROM chip is unsettled.Start and guiding device with BootROM by main during operate as normal, when main with the BootROM cisco unity malfunction after, stir toggle switch, the CS pin of standby BootROM chip is connected on the CS0 pin of CPU, system starts from standby BootROM.This method exists several important disadvantages, and cause having in actual applications very big inconvenience: (1) need open equipment cabinets when ging wrong, and the operation toggle switch all has higher requirements to field engineering environment and personnel's technical ability; (2) BootROM that can't the online upgrading reparation goes wrong in case the standby BootROM after switching also damages, then mainly can't use with BootROM and standby BootROM, and then equipment can only return factory and unpacks and keep in repair.
Summary of the invention
The present invention is the weak point that exists in the above-mentioned prior art for avoiding, and a kind of BootROM backup method and device are provided, and to improve the reliability of embedded device, avoids embedded device to influence the normal operation of equipment when BootROM upgrades.
The present invention at first provides a kind of BootROM backup method.
BootROM backup method of the present invention may further comprise the steps:
A. system reset, the connection status between CPU and a BootROM and the 2nd BootROM is first connection status at this moment; Described first connection status is: the pin A0 of converting unit is connected with the pin D0 of converting unit, and the pin Ax of converting unit is connected with the pin Dx of converting unit, uses BootROM with a BootROM as the master;
B. whether converting unit detects CPU by normal boot;
If c. CPU is by normal boot, then continue to start the mirror image among the main BootROM of using, continue steps d; If CPU not by normal boot, then jumps to step g;
D. by main integrality with mirror image among the standby BootROM of mirror image software detection among the BootROM;
If the mirror image among the e. standby BootROM is complete, then continue operation, until finishing start-up course; If standby BootROM is imperfect, then point out the user that standby BootROM is upgraded;
F. after carrying out standby BootROM upgrading processing, continue operation, until finishing start-up course;
G. by automatically switch connection status between CPU and a BootROM and the 2nd BootROM of converting unit, the connection status between CPU and a BootROM and the 2nd BootROM is switched to second connection status from first connection status; Described second connection status is: the pin A0 of converting unit is connected with the pin Dx of converting unit, and the pin Ax of converting unit is connected with the pin D0 of converting unit, uses BootROM with the 2nd BootROM as the master;
H. converting unit jumps to step b with system reset.
In addition, the present invention also provides the back-up device of above-mentioned BootROM backup method.
The back-up device of BootROM backup method, its design feature is to comprise converting unit; The pin A0 of described converting unit is connected with pin CSx with the pin CS0 of CPU respectively with pin Ax, and the pin D0 of converting unit is connected with the CS pin of a BootROM and the CS pin of the 2nd BootROM respectively with pin Dx; Described converting unit is used for CPU is connected with the 2nd BootROM with a BootROM, and makes the connection status between CPU and a BootROM and the 2nd BootROM change mutually between first connection status and second connection status; Described first connection status is: the pin A0 of converting unit is connected with the pin D0 of converting unit, and the pin Ax of converting unit is connected with the pin Dx of converting unit, uses BootROM with a BootROM as the master; Described second connection status is: the pin A0 of converting unit is connected with the pin Dx of converting unit, and the pin Ax of converting unit is connected with the pin D0 of converting unit, uses BootROM with the 2nd BootROM as the master.
The design feature of BootROM back-up device of the present invention also is:
Described the 2nd BootROM is provided with socket, and described socket is used for programming BootROM.
Compared with the prior art, beneficial effect of the present invention is embodied in:
1, by increasing a slice BootROM chip and being provided with converting unit, can switch the connection status between two BootROM chips and the CPU at any time, transfer standby BootROM to the main BootROM that uses, improved the reliability of embedded device, improved the security of system's operation, avoided influencing the situation of the normal operation of equipment because of the BootROM chip.
2, after the master used BootROM destroyed, system still can start from backup BootROM automatically, and scalable incomplete BootROM chip.
3, by socket programming BootROM, do not need to buy separately again equipment such as programmable device, be bringing great convenience property of system debug, and save cost.
4, the intelligent height of method of the present invention, standby BootROM standby BootROM of auto-update when imperfect can detected, can guarantee that standby BootROM chip is in spendable effective status all the time, not need the staff to carry out extra operation, improve the convenience that system uses.
Description of drawings
Fig. 1 is the structural representation of BootROM back-up device of the present invention.
Fig. 2 is the process flow diagram of BootROM backup method of the present invention.
The method flow diagram that Fig. 3 upgrades with BootROM to current master for the present invention.
Fig. 4 is for adopting the prior art constructions synoptic diagram of a BootROM chip.
Below pass through embodiment, and the invention will be further described in conjunction with the accompanying drawings.
Embodiment
Referring to Fig. 1, the BootROM backup method may further comprise the steps:
A. system reset, the connection status between CPU and a BootROM and the 2nd BootROM is first connection status at this moment; Described first connection status is: the pin A0 of converting unit is connected with the pin D0 of converting unit, and the pin Ax of converting unit is connected with the pin Dx of converting unit, uses BootROM with a BootROM as the master;
B. whether converting unit detects CPU by normal boot;
If c. CPU is by normal boot, then continue to start the mirror image among the main BootROM of using, continue steps d; If CPU not by normal boot, then jumps to step g;
D. by main integrality with mirror image among the standby BootROM of mirror image software detection among the BootROM;
If the mirror image among the e. standby BootROM is complete, then continue operation, until finishing start-up course; If standby BootROM is imperfect, then point out the user that standby BootROM is upgraded;
F. after carrying out standby BootROM upgrading processing, continue operation, until finishing start-up course;
G. by automatically switch connection status between CPU and a BootROM and the 2nd BootROM of converting unit, the connection status between CPU and a BootROM and the 2nd BootROM is switched to second connection status from first connection status; Described second connection status is: the pin A0 of converting unit is connected with the pin Dx of converting unit, and the pin Ax of converting unit is connected with the pin D0 of converting unit, uses BootROM with the 2nd BootROM as the master;
H. converting unit jumps to step b with system reset.
The BootROM back-up device comprises converting unit; The pin A0 of described converting unit is connected with pin CSx with the pin CS0 of CPU respectively with pin Ax, and the pin D0 of converting unit is connected with the CS pin of a BootROM and the CS pin of the 2nd BootROM respectively with pin Dx; Described converting unit is used for CPU is connected with the 2nd BootROM with a BootROM, and makes the connection status between CPU and a BootROM and the 2nd BootROM change mutually between first connection status and second connection status; Described first connection status is: the pin A0 of converting unit is connected with the pin D0 of converting unit, and the pin Ax of converting unit is connected with the pin Dx of converting unit, uses BootROM with a BootROM as the master; This moment, the pin CS0 of CPU was connected with a BootROM by converting unit, and the pin CSx of CPU is connected with the 2nd BootROM by converting unit, and this moment, the one BootROM used BootROM as main, and the 2nd BootROM is as standby BootROM; Described second connection status is: the pin A0 of converting unit is connected with the pin Dx of converting unit, and the pin Ax of converting unit is connected with the pin D0 of converting unit, uses BootROM with the 2nd BootROM as the master; This moment, the pin CS0 of CPU was connected with the 2nd BootROM by converting unit, and the pin CSx of CPU is connected with a BootROM by converting unit, and this moment, the 2nd BootROM used BootROM as main, and a BootROM is as standby BootROM.Described the 2nd BootROM is provided with socket, and described socket is used for programming BootROM.By socket programming BootROM, do not need to buy separately again equipment such as programmable device, be bringing great convenience property of system debug, and save cost.
Interconnect by signal wire between CPU, converting unit and the BootROM.
After system powered on, whether converting unit can detect CPU by normal boot.When the system software initialization, the master is assigned with different address spaces with BootROM with standby BootROM.After the CPU normal boot, whether the image file that can detect among the standby BootROM is complete.
As shown in Figure 3, the method for BootROM online upgrading is as follows:
BootROM image file to be upgraded is written among the standby BootROM;
CPU control transformation unit, the connection status between a CPU and a BootROM and the 2nd BootROM, this moment, the one BootROM became standby BootROM, and the 2nd BootROM becomes the main BootROM that uses, and upgrading finishes.
Under this upgrading mode, it is complete having guaranteed to have at least in any case a BootROM.
The startup flow process of system under two kinds of situations is described below:
1, main with the normal startup of BootROM (being connected to the BootROM of CS0).After the startup, CPU detects the integrality that standby BootROM goes up the mirror image file, if imperfect, then points out customer upgrade to refresh standby BootROM, thereby can guarantee that standby BootROM is available.
2, after system powered on, converting unit detected CPU not by normal boot, and this situation is very big may to be main be damaged and cause with BootROM.At this moment, the connection status between a converting unit automatic switchover CPU and a BootROM and the 2nd BootROM with system reset, is attempted by former standby BootROM as the main BootROM, channeling conduct of using after the switching.
Claims (3)
1. a BootROM backup method is characterized in that, may further comprise the steps:
A. system reset, the connection status between CPU and a BootROM and the 2nd BootROM is first connection status at this moment; Described first connection status is: the pin A0 of converting unit is connected with the pin D0 of converting unit, and the pin Ax of converting unit is connected with the pin Dx of converting unit, uses BootROM with a BootROM as the master;
B. whether converting unit detects CPU by normal boot;
If c. CPU is by normal boot, then continue to start the mirror image among the main BootROM of using, continue steps d; If CPU not by normal boot, then jumps to step g;
D. by main integrality with mirror image among the standby BootROM of mirror image software detection among the BootROM;
If the mirror image among the e. standby BootROM is complete, then continue operation, until finishing start-up course; If standby BootROM is imperfect, then point out the user that standby BootROM is upgraded;
F. after carrying out standby BootROM upgrading processing, continue operation, until finishing start-up course;
G. by automatically switch connection status between CPU and a BootROM and the 2nd BootROM of converting unit, the connection status between CPU and a BootROM and the 2nd BootROM is switched to second connection status from first connection status; Described second connection status is: the pin A0 of converting unit is connected with the pin Dx of converting unit, and the pin Ax of converting unit is connected with the pin D0 of converting unit, uses BootROM with the 2nd BootROM as the master;
H. converting unit jumps to step b with system reset.
2. the back-up device of BootROM backup method according to claim 1 is characterized in that, comprises converting unit; The pin A0 of described converting unit is connected with pin CSx with the pin CS0 of CPU respectively with pin Ax, and the pin D0 of converting unit is connected with the CS pin of a BootROM and the CS pin of the 2nd BootROM respectively with pin Dx; Described converting unit is used for CPU is connected with the 2nd BootROM with a BootROM, and makes the connection status between CPU and a BootROM and the 2nd BootROM change mutually between first connection status and second connection status; Described first connection status is: the pin A0 of converting unit is connected with the pin D0 of converting unit, and the pin Ax of converting unit is connected with the pin Dx of converting unit, uses BootROM with a BootROM as the master; Described second connection status is: the pin A0 of converting unit is connected with the pin Dx of converting unit, and the pin Ax of converting unit is connected with the pin D0 of converting unit, uses BootROM with the 2nd BootROM as the master.
3. BootROM back-up device according to claim 2 is characterized in that, described the 2nd BootROM is provided with socket, and described socket is used for programming BootROM.
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
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| CN2011100612447A CN102129401A (en) | 2011-03-15 | 2011-03-15 | Boot read-only-memory (BootROM) backup method and device |
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| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
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| CN2011100612447A CN102129401A (en) | 2011-03-15 | 2011-03-15 | Boot read-only-memory (BootROM) backup method and device |
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| CN2011100612447A Pending CN102129401A (en) | 2011-03-15 | 2011-03-15 | Boot read-only-memory (BootROM) backup method and device |
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Cited By (4)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
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| CN102508676A (en) * | 2011-09-28 | 2012-06-20 | 中兴通讯股份有限公司 | Startup method and device of embedded system |
| WO2012149716A1 (en) * | 2011-08-30 | 2012-11-08 | 华为技术有限公司 | Bootrom backup method and apparatus |
| CN105049633A (en) * | 2015-08-18 | 2015-11-11 | 深圳市中兴物联科技有限公司 | Communication module upgrading method and communication module upgrading device |
| CN111273949A (en) * | 2018-12-05 | 2020-06-12 | 三星电子株式会社 | Updating method and starting method of boot read-only memory of embedded system |
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| CN1490817A (en) * | 2002-10-14 | 2004-04-21 | 华为技术有限公司 | Guide program recorder and method for guarantee of online upgrading thereof |
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Cited By (6)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
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| WO2012149716A1 (en) * | 2011-08-30 | 2012-11-08 | 华为技术有限公司 | Bootrom backup method and apparatus |
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| CN111273949A (en) * | 2018-12-05 | 2020-06-12 | 三星电子株式会社 | Updating method and starting method of boot read-only memory of embedded system |
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Application publication date: 20110720 |