CN102124982A - Running water device for physiological ecology research of shellfishes - Google Patents
Running water device for physiological ecology research of shellfishes Download PDFInfo
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- CN102124982A CN102124982A CN2010106211968A CN201010621196A CN102124982A CN 102124982 A CN102124982 A CN 102124982A CN 2010106211968 A CN2010106211968 A CN 2010106211968A CN 201010621196 A CN201010621196 A CN 201010621196A CN 102124982 A CN102124982 A CN 102124982A
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Abstract
The invention provides a running water device for the physiological ecology research of shellfishes, which can solve the problems of unreasonable structure and specification, complex operation and difficulty in flow rate control of the running device in the prior art. The technical scheme is as follows: the running water device for the physiological ecology research of shellfishes comprises a shunting master control pipe and a plurality of running water slots, wherein the shunting master control pipe is connected with the running water slots by hoses. The running water device disclosed by the invention has the advantages of reasonable structure, strong flow rate controllability and strong function, has small disturbance on living beings and is simple to operate and use, the phenomenon that water is reused or is not used can be avoided as much as possible, and biological sediments can be prevented from running off.
Description
Technical field
The invention belongs to the technical field of mariculture and environmental ecology research, relate to and culture the experimental facilities that shellfish ingests in the Physiological Ecology, the metabolic rate simulated field is measured, be specifically under simulated field conditions, measure drainage, breathing, excretion rate and the ight soil generation rate of aquaculture organism, and calculate in view of the above aquaculture organism energy budget and with a kind of multi-functional water plant that is used for the shellfish Study on Ecophysiological Characteristics of Narrow of envirment factor relation.
Background technology
China's shallow sea shellfish is cultured development rapidly, for major contribution has been made in the development of coastal and whole national economy.Because lack the unified planning management, the high yield that covets, Peak output have been ignored long-range ecological benefits and social benefit, make that local sea area is excessively developed, overload operation, self-pollution is serious, and the ecosystem is unbalance, the disease aggravation of aquaculture organism.Therefore, understand the interaction mechanism of culturing with environment, set up the assessment technique and the system of shallow sea shellfish carrying capacity, the carrying capacity of sea area shellfish is cultured in the assessment of science, proposes the focus that reliable theoretical foundation becomes research for overcoming the above problems.In the interaction of research shellfish culture and environment and assess in the carrying capacity process, physiological activities such as the ingesting of aquaculture organism, metabolism, drainage are important parameters very.Therefore; accurately measure the physiological activity of aquaculture organism, analyze individual energy budget situation, influence or the pressure to ecotope is cultured in quantitative research; be to be that shellfish culture capacity assessment models has been set up on the basis with the energetics, proposed the basis of bay large-scale cultivation structure and layout optimization measure.
Filtration rate is one of important physical signs of filter-feeding bivalve shellfish, is the basic parameter of bivalve shellfish energetics, also is to carry out carrying capacity to assess necessary parameter.For many years, although the mensuration of filtration rate has been carried out many research,, be difficult to carry out the comparison between data, even some conflicting results occur because the difference of assay method and experiment condition makes data, result differ greatly.Need carry out research in a deep going way from assay method and equipment aspect, so that the data that obtain more can reflect the shellfish physiological property.Therefore, it is particularly important to work out assay method more accurate, simple, easy-operating filtration rate.The method of measuring filter-feeding shellfish filtration rate mainly comprises hydrostatic method, flowing water method and biogenic deposit method.Every kind of method cuts both ways.The flowing water method is had relatively high expectations to water velocity and tank shape.As simulated field flowing water method, the design of gutter channel is very important with improving, and it has determined feasibility, operability and the accuracy of this method.Because the filtration rate of shellfish not only is subjected to the influence of bait concentration, and, also closely related with flow velocity.The water that flows through from tank should be within the scope that shellfish can touch, and the water of avoiding shellfish to filter is mixed with water to be filtered, and flow velocity must be greater than critical value.Therefore, in order to guarantee the accuracy of this assay method, the design of gutter channel must be considered above-mentioned factor.
The gutter channel that China generally adopts at present mainly contains four shortcomings: 1. the dimensions design is unreasonable, and the water that flows through can not be filtered by shellfish fully; 2. execute-in-place is poor, and control flow velocity difficulty makes the flow velocity instability, the time little when big, the flow velocity that can not guarantee experimental session (experiment continuously in common 24 hours) is always greater than critical value; 3. water directly acts on organism, causes bigger shock vibration, influences the normal physiological activity of shellfish, and the ight soil that shellfish produces runs off easily, the result that influence is measured; 4. the function singleness of gutter channel only can be used in the mensuration of filtration rate, can not be used for the breathing of shellfish, the mensuration of excretion rate.Breathing, during the mensuration of excretion rate, shellfish must being taken out, put into other container, not only the shellfish of measuring is caused disturbance, the result that influence is measured, and, make complex operation, inconvenience to be unfavorable for the research of the individual energetics of shellfish.
Summary of the invention
The invention provides a kind of water plant that is used for the shellfish Study on Ecophysiological Characteristics of Narrow, can solve water plant specification, unreasonable structure, complex operation, the difficult problem of flow velocity control that prior art exists.
For solving the problems of the technologies described above, the present invention is achieved by the following technical solutions:
A kind of water plant that is used for the shellfish Study on Ecophysiological Characteristics of Narrow comprises shunting master control pipe and some gutter channels, is provided with flexible pipe between described shunting master control pipe and the gutter channel, and described gutter channel is connected the both sides of described shunting master control pipe by flexible pipe;
The middle part of described shunting master control pipe is provided with water inlet, and two ends are provided with gap, and the both sides of described shunting master control pipe are equipped with some outlet pipes, and described outlet pipe is connected by flexible pipe with described gutter channel respectively;
The cuboid that is shaped as top opening of described gutter channel, described gutter channel one sidewall is provided with water inlet, another relative sidewall is provided with delivery port, described gutter channel inside is provided with entry baffle plate and the water outlet baffle plate that is parallel to described sidewall, and described entry baffle plate and water outlet baffle plate be the described water inlet of distance and delivery port 1～2cm place respectively; The lower end of described entry baffle plate is provided with the wide groove of 1～2cm, and the upper end of described water outlet baffle plate is provided with the wide groove of 1～2cm, and the top opening part of described gutter channel is provided with and the suitable seal cover of described opening.
The objective of the invention is to exist water plant specification, unreasonable structure, complex operation, flow velocity to control problems such as difficulty at prior art, a kind of multi-functional water plant that is applicable to the shellfish Study on Ecophysiological Characteristics of Narrow is provided, it is rational in infrastructure, have the disturbance of biology gently, can avoid the recycling of water as far as possible or not be utilized the generation of situation, prevent characteristics such as biological sedimental loss, and, the flow velocity controllability is strong, uses simple to operate, powerful.
There is the groove of 1～2cm the lower end of entry baffle plate, and water is flowed into from the bottom of tank, guarantees that the water that flows into is filtered the back by shellfish and flows out; The water outlet baffle plate has the groove of 1～2cm in the upper end, water is flowed out from top, by stopping of water outlet baffle plate, can prevent that the ight soil that shellfish produces runs off, and produces error when avoiding measuring the shellfish absorption efficiency.
Gutter channel is furnished with seal cover, is used for the sealing after gutter channel is filled water, physical signs such as the breathing of convenient mensuration shellfish, drainage, and a groove is used more.
In technical scheme of the present invention, also have following technical characterictic: the gap of described shunting master control pipe is provided with dismountable water level adjustable pipe.
Further, the mouth of pipe place, two ends of described shunting master control pipe is connected with elbow, and the mouth of pipe of described elbow forms described gap up.
Further, the outlet pipe of the both sides of described shunting master control pipe is connected with the valve of control flow velocity;
Further, described valve connects 2 grades of gradient tubes, links to each other with the water inlet of described gutter channel by described flexible pipe then.
Further, described shunting master control pipe is the PVC pipe.
Further, described water level adjustable pipe is provided with two kinds of dimensions, is respectively 30cm and 20cm.
Further, the groove of the inwall of described entry baffle plate and water outlet baffle plate and described gutter channel is adhesively fixed.
Further, described gutter channel is the lucite material.
Preferably, the specification of described gutter channel: length * wide * height=22cm * 15cm * 12cm.
Described shunting master control pipe is the PVC pipe, and the pipe that the centre makes progress is a water inlet, and the seawater of head-tank is introduced water inlet by siphon pipe with water; Two ends respectively have an elbow and shunting master control pipe to be connected to gap, and dismountable water level adjustable pipe is arranged on it, and the water level adjustable pipe has the size of 2 kinds of different length (to be respectively 30cm, 20cm).Respectively there are eight 1 grade of outlet pipes on the both sides, side of shunting master control pipe, are connected with the valve of control flow velocity.Another section of valve is 2 grades of gradient tubes, links to each other with gutter channel by flexible pipe.
Described shunting master control pvc pipe length is 100cm, and external diameter is 11cm, and internal diameter is 10.5cm.The material of water level adjustable pipe is consistent with shunting master control pipe with specification, can disassemble from elbow, as required, changes different size, has combination and characteristics easy to carry, that dismounting is simple and direct.Described master control pipe both sides are 8 outlet pipes of distribution evenly, link to each other with the flow control valve door.Described flow control valve door is 4 to be in charge of valve head, and the PVC material can prevent the corrosion of seawater, can be flexibly, the size of control flow velocity freely.
Compared with prior art, advantage of the present invention and good effect are:
1, the design of the dimensions of the multi-functional water plant of the present invention is more reasonable, and the water that flows through is filtered by shellfish as far as possible fully, thereby reduces the error of experiment;
2, the controllability of flow velocity is strong, and flow speed stability can guarantee that flow velocity during the long period of experiments (common 24 hours continuously experiment) is always greater than critical value;
3, the entry baffle plate and the water outlet baffle plate of the present invention's design can avoid water to directly act on organism, cause bigger shock vibration, influence the normal physiological activity of shellfish, simultaneously, the water of inflow are filtered fully by shellfish.In addition, the ight soil of avoiding shellfish to produce runs off, the result that influence is measured;
4, the seal cover of the present invention's design, can make gutter channel have multiple function, not only can be used to measure the physiology of ingesting of shellfish, and shellfish is not taken out, be directly used in the breathing of shellfish, the mensuration of excretion rate, not only can not cause artificial disturbance to the shellfish of measuring, the result that influence is measured, and make that operation is more easy.
Description of drawings
Fig. 1 is the structural representation of the water plant under the present invention;
Fig. 2 is the structural representation of gutter channel;
Fig. 3 is the filtration rate of long oyster of different size and the relational expression of biological sedimentation rate and body weight;
Symbol among the figure and explanation thereof:
1, shunting master control pipe; 1-1, water inlet; 1-2, gap; 1-3, water level adjustable pipe; 1-4, elbow; 1-5, valve; 2, gutter channel; 2-1, water inlet; 2-2, delivery port; 2-3, entry baffle plate; 2-4, water outlet baffle plate; 2-5, seal cover; 2-6, groove; 2-7, groove; 3, flexible pipe.
Embodiment
The present invention be directed to that the gutter channel of using in the flowing water method of measuring filter-feeding shellfish filtration rate exists that dimensions is unreasonable, a series of shortcomings of control flow velocity difficulty, and function singleness big to the organism disturbance, provide a kind of specification framework reasonable, simple to operate, to the disturbance of biology light and powerful water plant, especially the structure of gutter channel has been carried out bigger improvement.Concrete technical scheme is as follows:
A kind of water plant that is used for the shellfish Study on Ecophysiological Characteristics of Narrow comprises shunting master control pipe and some gutter channels, is provided with flexible pipe between shunting master control pipe and the gutter channel, and gutter channel is connected the both sides of shunting master control pipe by flexible pipe;
The middle part of shunting master control pipe is provided with water inlet, and two ends are provided with gap, and the both sides of shunting master control pipe are equipped with some outlet pipes, and outlet pipe is connected by flexible pipe with gutter channel respectively;
The cuboid that is shaped as top opening of gutter channel, gutter channel one sidewall is provided with water inlet, another relative sidewall is provided with delivery port, gutter channel inside is provided with entry baffle plate and the water outlet baffle plate that is parallel to described sidewall, and entry baffle plate and water outlet baffle plate are respectively apart from water inlet and delivery port 1～2cm place; The lower end of entry baffle plate is provided with the wide groove of 1～2cm, and the upper end of water outlet baffle plate is provided with the wide groove of 1～2cm, and the top opening part of gutter channel is provided with and the suitable seal cover of described opening.
The invention provides a kind of multi-functional water plant that is applicable to the shellfish Study on Ecophysiological Characteristics of Narrow, it is rational in infrastructure, have the disturbance of biology light, can avoid the recycling of water as far as possible or not be utilized the generation of situation, prevent characteristics such as biological sedimental loss, and, the flow velocity controllability is strong, use simple to operately, can measure filtration rate, respiratory rate, excretion rate of shellfish etc., powerful.
The present invention is further detailed explanation below in conjunction with the drawings and specific embodiments.As shown in Figure 1,
A kind of water plant that is used for the shellfish Study on Ecophysiological Characteristics of Narrow comprises shunting master control pipe 1 and some gutter channels 2, is provided with flexible pipe 3 between shunting master control pipe 1 and the gutter channel 2, and gutter channel 2 is connected the both sides of shunting master control pipe 1 by flexible pipe 3;
The middle part of shunting master control pipe 1 is provided with water inlet 1-1, and two ends are provided with gap 1-2, and the both sides of shunting master control pipe 1 are equipped with some outlet pipes, and outlet pipe is connected by flexible pipe 3 with gutter channel 2 respectively;
The cuboid that is shaped as top opening of gutter channel 2, gutter channel 2 one sidewalls are provided with water inlet 2-1, another relative sidewall is provided with delivery port 2-2, gutter channel 2 inside are provided with entry baffle plate 2-3 and the water outlet baffle plate 2-4 that is parallel to sidewall, and entry baffle plate 2-3 and water outlet baffle plate 2-4 are respectively apart from water inlet and delivery port 2cm place; The lower end of entry baffle plate 2-3 is provided with the wide groove 2-6 of 2cm, and the upper end of water outlet baffle plate 2-4 is provided with the wide groove 2-7 of 2cm, and the top opening part of gutter channel 2 is provided with the seal cover 2-5 suitable with opening.
Shunting master control pipe 1 is the PVC pipe, and length is 100cm, and external diameter is 11cm, and internal diameter is 10.5cm; Connecting PVC elbow 1-4 at the mouth of pipe place at shunting master control pipe 1 two ends is gap 1-2, and middle PVC pipe is water inlet 1-1, and seawater flows into shunting master control pipe 1 by siphon pipe from water inlet 1-1.
Gap 1-2 goes up and embeds dismountable water level adjustable pipe 1-3, is used to regulate water level.The material of water level adjustable pipe 1-3 is consistent with shunting master control pipe 1 with specification, can disassemble from elbow 1-4, as required, changes different size, has combination and characteristics easy to carry, that dismounting is simple and direct.
In shunting master control pipe 1 both sides 8 one-level outlet pipes are arranged respectively, by flow control valve door 1-5 with is connected flexible pipe 3 and links to each other, connect the other end connection gutter channel 2 of flexible pipe 3.Flow control valve door 1-5 is 4 to be in charge of valve head, and the PVC material can prevent the corrosion of seawater, can be flexibly, the size of control flow velocity freely.
As shown in Figure 2, the cuboid tank that gutter channel 2 is made for lucite, length is 22cm, wide is 15cm, high-order 12cm.The water inlet 2-1 of gutter channel 2 be connected flexible pipe 3 and link to each other, seawater is by the entry baffle plate 2-3 experiment shellfish of flowing through, the seawater after the shellfish filter food flows out from gutter channel delivery port 2-2 by the upper end of water outlet baffle plate 2-4.In addition, each gutter channel 2 is furnished with seal cover 2-5, if measure breathing and the drainage of shellfish, can after the water of gutter channel has been expired, cover seal cover 2-5 with the delivery port 2-2 of gutter channel 2 with little plug jam-pack, and valve-off 1-5 begins to test then.
Above-mentioned valve 1-5 connects 2 grades of gradient tubes, links to each other with the water inlet 2-1 of gutter channel 2 by flexible pipe 3 then.
Above-mentioned water level adjustable pipe 1-3 has two kinds of dimensions as required, and length is respectively 30cm and 20cm.
For the ease of fixedly entry baffle plate 2-3 and water outlet baffle plate 2-4, the groove of the inwall of entry baffle plate 2-3 and water outlet baffle plate 2-4 and gutter channel 2 is adhesively fixed.
Be described in detail the application of multi-functional water plant of the present invention in the Physiological Ecology experiment of research oyster below by example:
When the filtration rate of the long oyster of on-site measurement, grazing rate and biogenic deposit speed, as required, 16 gutter channels are combined by flexible pipe and seawater shunting master control pipe, test be provided with as follows: establish 2 blanks, 14 sample cells.According to different size, each tank is put into 1 oyster with oyster.After the experiment biology places, begin by the valve regulated flow velocity, the current that flow out from the tank delivery port are controlled between the 300ml/min-500ml/min.Flow velocity picked up counting after regulating 15 minutes.Regularly collect the seawater of each tank delivery port respectively, measure the concentration of chlorophyll concentration, suspended particulate matter concentration and particulate organic carbon/nitrogen in the water body with sampling bottle.After experiment finishes, collect the ight soil in the tank, calculate biological sedimentation rate, filtration rate, grazing rate and the absorption efficiency of long oyster.We utilize the gutter channel of design to measure organic content in the filtration rate of long oyster, biological sedimentation rate and the ight soil.Partial data sees Table 1.
The long oyster of table 1 is in the filtration rate of Various Seasonal, biological sedimentation rate
There is remarkable seasonality difference in the filtration rate of long oyster.The filtration rate trend of long oyster per weight is: spring＞summer＞autumn.Simultaneously, the filtration rate of long oyster of different size and the relational expression (seeing accompanying drawing 3) of biological sedimentation rate and body weight have been obtained.
Experimental needs can adopt the method for airtight water after feeding experiment finishes, measure respiratory rate, ammonia nitrogen generation of long oyster and let out physical signs such as rate.Main result is as follows:
As can be seen, use this multi-functional water plant can measure every ecological physiology indexs such as the biological sedimentation rate of filter food, filtration rate, grazing rate, respiratory rate, excretion rate.Have characteristics such as combination is simple and direct, execute-in-place is strong, easy to use.
The above only is preferred embodiment of the present invention, is not to be the restriction of the present invention being made other form, and any those skilled in the art may utilize the technology contents of above-mentioned announcement to be changed or be modified as the equivalent embodiment of equivalent variations.But every technical solution of the present invention content that do not break away to any simple modification, equivalent variations and remodeling that above embodiment did, still belongs to the protection domain of technical solution of the present invention according to technical spirit of the present invention.
Claims (10)
1. water plant that is used for the shellfish Study on Ecophysiological Characteristics of Narrow, it is characterized in that: comprise shunting master control pipe and some gutter channels, be provided with flexible pipe between described shunting master control pipe and the gutter channel, described gutter channel is connected the both sides of described shunting master control pipe by flexible pipe;
The middle part of described shunting master control pipe is provided with water inlet, and two ends are provided with gap, and the both sides of described shunting master control pipe are equipped with some outlet pipes, and described outlet pipe is connected by flexible pipe with described gutter channel respectively;
The cuboid that is shaped as top opening of described gutter channel, described gutter channel one sidewall is provided with water inlet, another relative sidewall is provided with delivery port, described gutter channel inside is provided with entry baffle plate and the water outlet baffle plate that is parallel to described sidewall, and described entry baffle plate and water outlet baffle plate be the described water inlet of distance and delivery port 1～2cm place respectively; The lower end of described entry baffle plate is provided with the wide groove of 1～2cm, and the upper end of described water outlet baffle plate is provided with the wide groove of 1～2cm, and the top opening part of described gutter channel is provided with and the suitable seal cover of described opening.
2. water plant according to claim 1 is characterized in that: the gap of described shunting master control pipe is provided with dismountable water level adjustable pipe.
3. water plant according to claim 1 and 2 is characterized in that: the mouth of pipe place, two ends of described shunting master control pipe is connected with elbow, and the mouth of pipe of described elbow forms described gap up.
4. water plant according to claim 1 is characterized in that: the outlet pipe of the both sides of described shunting master control pipe is connected with the valve of control flow velocity;
5. water plant according to claim 4 is characterized in that: described valve connects 2 grades of gradient tubes, links to each other with the water inlet of described gutter channel by described flexible pipe then.
6. water plant according to claim 1 is characterized in that: described shunting master control pipe is the PVC pipe.
7. water plant according to claim 2 is characterized in that: described water level adjustable pipe is provided with two kinds of dimensions, is respectively 30cm and 20cm.
8. water plant according to claim 1 is characterized in that: the inwall of described entry baffle plate and water outlet baffle plate and described gutter channel is adhesively fixed.
9. water plant according to claim 1 is characterized in that: described gutter channel is the lucite material.
10. water plant according to claim 1 is characterized in that: the specification of described gutter channel: length * wide * height=22cm * 15cm * 12cm.
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| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN2010106211968A CN102124982B (en) | 2010-12-27 | 2010-12-27 | Running water device for physiological ecology research of shellfishes |
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| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
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| CN2010106211968A CN102124982B (en) | 2010-12-27 | 2010-12-27 | Running water device for physiological ecology research of shellfishes |
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| CN102124982A true CN102124982A (en) | 2011-07-20 |
| CN102124982B CN102124982B (en) | 2012-12-05 |
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Cited By (4)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
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| CN102798701A (en) * | 2012-08-10 | 2012-11-28 | 中国水产科学研究院东海水产研究所 | Water-curtain type sea sediments experiment apparatus |
| CN104506263A (en) * | 2014-07-08 | 2015-04-08 | 长春理工大学 | Laser transmission emulation simulation and comprehensive test system for use in complex environment |
| CN105191844A (en) * | 2015-11-05 | 2015-12-30 | 中国海洋大学 | Experiment method and system for researches on seawater environmental stresses |
| CN108445160A (en) * | 2018-05-04 | 2018-08-24 | 山东省海洋生物研究院 | A kind of experimental provision for marine organisms Study on Ecophysiological Characteristics of Narrow |
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| US5076209A (en) * | 1989-11-29 | 1991-12-31 | Mitsubishi Denki Kabushiki Kaisha | Breeding apparatus |
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| CN108445160A (en) * | 2018-05-04 | 2018-08-24 | 山东省海洋生物研究院 | A kind of experimental provision for marine organisms Study on Ecophysiological Characteristics of Narrow |
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