CN108445160A - A kind of experimental provision for marine organisms Study on Ecophysiological Characteristics of Narrow - Google Patents
A kind of experimental provision for marine organisms Study on Ecophysiological Characteristics of Narrow Download PDFInfo
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- CN108445160A CN108445160A CN201810419850.3A CN201810419850A CN108445160A CN 108445160 A CN108445160 A CN 108445160A CN 201810419850 A CN201810419850 A CN 201810419850A CN 108445160 A CN108445160 A CN 108445160A
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- babinet
- end cover
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- marine organisms
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Classifications
-
- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01N—INVESTIGATING OR ANALYSING MATERIALS BY DETERMINING THEIR CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROPERTIES
- G01N33/00—Investigating or analysing materials by specific methods not covered by groups G01N1/00 - G01N31/00
Abstract
The present invention proposes a kind of experimental provision for marine organisms Study on Ecophysiological Characteristics of Narrow.The present invention includes experimental box, and experimental box includes the cylindrical type babinet of horizontal setting；The inside of babinet is hollow setting, and one end detachable connection of babinet has first end cover, the other end of babinet to be equipped with second end cover, and babinet is internally provided with mesh sheet, and second end cover is equipped with water inlet, and babinet is equipped with water outlet；The lower section of first end cover is equipped with deposit sample tap, and sealing-plug is equipped in deposit sample tap, and deposit sample tap is connected with deposit probe tube, and deposit probe tube includes sampling section, lever piece and linkage section.Bioorganism of the present invention realizes instant detach with biogenic deposits (excrement, false excrement etc.), the sampling to biogenic deposits is realized using deposit probe tube, it is easy to operate, bioorganism is interfered small, flow is unobstructed uniformly to have fully ensured that the normal physiological function of bioorganism, simple in structure, reasonable design, experimental result are accurate.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to the technical fields of marine organisms Study on Ecophysiological Characteristics of Narrow, particularly relate to a kind of for marine organisms life
The experimental provision of physiological ecology research.
Background technology
In recent years, as the adjustment of the mariculture industry industrial structure and the intensive implementation with extra large policy of concentration, cultivation are used
Sea causes local sea area Eutrophication Status that area diminution but local concentration are presented than before the point source formula discharge of aquaculture wastewater
Raised situation.Currently, the main aquaculture mode in China includes：Industrial circulating water cultivating, pond culture, beach
Cultivation, cage culture and raft culture, and fish, shellfish and tangleweed are wherein important cultivation species.Study ocean
The interaction of biology and breeding environment assesses carrying capacity, can preferably improve the ecological environment, and improve culture efficiency,
The physiological activities such as ingest, be metabolized, draining of accurate quantitative research aquaculture organism are needed in the process.Therefore, accurate analysis is supported
The individual ecophysiological traits of three for growing biology, the individual for understanding aquaculture organism ingests, nutritional need and energy budget situation, accurately
Relationship between nutrition supply and energy absorption is provided, to determining that feed coefficient, reduction feed cost, reduces cultivation to ecological ring
The loads of nutrition in border, establishing carrying capacity assessment and Carrying capacity assessment has vital directive significance.
The experimental provision for being used for marine organisms Study on Ecophysiological Characteristics of Narrow in the prior art is measuring shellfish and fish excretion work
When with, energy budget, mostly organism and excretory product and metabolite are mixed, needing to terminate experiment could be sunk
The sampling of product object, deposit sampling is difficult, also, can be caused to bioorganism when acquiring deposit sample compared with large disturbances, from
And it is caused to generate stress reaction, and organism normal physiological function is seriously affected, causes experimental result inaccurate, poor repeatability.
Invention content
The present invention proposes a kind of marine organisms Study on Ecophysiological Characteristics of Narrow, solves experimental provision presence in the prior art and takes
Sample difficulty, disturbance experiments biology lead to the problem of experimental result inaccuracy.
The technical proposal of the invention is realized in this way：Including experimental box, the experimental box includes the cylinder of horizontal setting
Molding box body；The inside of the babinet is hollow setting, and one end detachable connection of the babinet has first end cover, the babinet
The other end be equipped with second end cover, the first end cover and the second end cover connect with the box sealing, the babinet
Be internally provided with mesh sheet, the second end cover is equipped with water inlet, and the babinet is close to the upper of the side of the first end cover
Side is equipped with water outlet；The lower section of the first end cover is equipped with deposit sample tap, and the deposit sample tap is located at the mesh sheet
Lower section, the deposit sample tap is connected with the sealing-plug for being sealed or opening to it, and the deposit sample tap is being beaten
Deposit probe tube is connected with when opening, the deposit probe tube includes positioned at the sampling section of the inside of the babinet, positioned at institute
It states the lever piece outside first end cover and connects the linkage section of the sampling section and the lever piece.
The end of embodiment as one preferred, the sampling section is equipped with the notch being obliquely installed.
The angle of inclination of embodiment as one preferred, the notch is 30~35 degree.
Embodiment as one preferred, the length of the sampling section are the 3/4~4/5 of the length of the babinet.
The diameter of embodiment as one preferred, the diameter of the water inlet and the water outlet is equal, described heavy
The diameter of product object probe tube is less than the diameter of the water inlet.
One end of embodiment as one preferred, the mesh sheet is equipped with the first lug, and the other end of the mesh sheet is set
There are the second lug, the first end cover to be equipped with the first card slot compatible with first lug, set in the second end cover
There is the second card slot compatible with second lug.
Embodiment as one preferred, the babinet are transparent setting, the axis of the mesh sheet to the babinet
Distance is the 1/6~1/8 of the box body diameter.
Embodiment as one preferred, the experimental box are several, and the bottom of the babinet is equipped with pedestal, described
Pedestal is two and is symmetrical set.
Embodiment as one preferred further includes water tank, and the water tank is connected with current divider by pipeline, described point
Stream device is connect with experimental box described in several respectively by isocon.
Embodiment as one preferred, the direction that the pipeline upper edge flow outflow are equipped with the first control valve successively
With the second control valve.
Compared with prior art, the beneficial effects of the invention are as follows：The present invention uses the cylindrical type babinet of horizontal setting, fully
It ensure that flow is unobstructed and at the uniform velocity by bioorganism, so that water environment in babinet is kept relative comfort and peace and quiet, to ensure
The stabilization of organism physiological function and health；Moreover, the babinet of this cylinder type design can effectively avoid deposit in corner
Accumulation, facilitate the complete of deposit to collect and the clean and maintenance of experimental box；In addition, the babinet of this design also effectively avoids water
Stream is contacted from water outlet to the environment between water inlet with the exchange of the gas-water interface in external environment, greatly reduces gas
Exchange the interference to part Physiological Ecology index (such as consumption rate, fixed nitrogen rate)；Bioorganism is biology with its metabolite
Deposit has carried out instant physical isolation, biogenic deposits collect it is more complete, also, the activity of bioorganism to deposit and
Water quality generates that disturbance is smaller, do not alarm bioorganism, without terminating research experiment and not causing the feelings of water-vapor interface contact
Under condition, the complete collection of biogenic deposits can be easily realized, can be widely applied to fish, shellfish and macro individual
Study on Ecophysiological Characteristics of Narrow, can also be by the situation of change of water outlet and water inlet water sample detection index, and one-stop acquisition is multigroup
Critical data ensure that the synchronism and repeatability of data, experimental result are accurate.
Description of the drawings
In order to more clearly explain the embodiment of the invention or the technical proposal in the existing technology, to embodiment or will show below
There is attached drawing needed in technology description to be briefly described, it should be apparent that, the accompanying drawings in the following description is only this
Some embodiments of invention for those of ordinary skill in the art without creative efforts, can be with
Obtain other attached drawings according to these attached drawings.
Fig. 1 is the dimensional structure diagram of one embodiment of the invention；
Fig. 2 is the dimensional structure diagram of Fig. 1 middle cases；
Fig. 3 is the main structure diagram of Fig. 1 middle cases；
Fig. 4 is main structure diagram of Fig. 1 middle cases when connecting deposit probe tube；
Fig. 5 is the overlooking structure diagram of mesh sheet in Fig. 2；
Fig. 6 is the planar structure schematic diagram of first end cover in Fig. 2；
Fig. 7 is main structure diagram of Fig. 1 middle cases when connecting sealing-plug；
Fig. 8 is the enlarged structure schematic diagram at A in Fig. 7；
In figure：1- experimental boxs；2- water sample sampling bottles；3- water tanks；The first control valves of 4-；5- pipelines；The second control valves of 6-；7-
Current divider；8- isocons；9- babinets；10- mesh sheet；11- water outlets；12- first end covers；13- deposit probe tubes；14- pedestals；
15- second end covers；16- water inlets；17- sealing-plugs；The first lugs of 18-；The second lugs of 19-；The second card slots of 20-；21- baffles；
22- deposit sample taps.
Specific implementation mode
Following will be combined with the drawings in the embodiments of the present invention, and technical solution in the embodiment of the present invention carries out clear, complete
Site preparation describes, it is clear that described embodiments are only a part of the embodiments of the present invention, instead of all the embodiments.It is based on
Embodiment in the present invention, those of ordinary skill in the art are obtained every other without creative efforts
Embodiment shall fall within the protection scope of the present invention.
Refering to attached drawing 1 to attached drawing 8, the present invention includes experimental box 1, and experimental box 1 includes the cylindrical type babinet 9 of horizontal setting；
The inside of babinet 9 is hollow setting, and one end detachable connection of babinet 9 has a first end cover 12, and the other end of babinet 9 is equipped with the
Two end caps 15, first end cover 12 and second end cover 15 are tightly connected with babinet 9, and babinet 9 is internally provided with mesh sheet 10, second end
Lid 15 is equipped with water inlet 16, and babinet 9 is equipped with water outlet 11 in the top close to the side of first end cover 12, and water outlet 11 is in case
It is located at close to the side of first end cover 12 on body 9；First end cover 12 is equipped with deposit sample tap 22, deposit sample tap 22
In being connected with the sealing-plug 17 for being sealed or opening to it in the lower section of mesh sheet 10, deposit sample tap 22, deposit samples
Mouth 22 is connected with deposit probe tube 13 when opening, and deposit probe tube 13 includes the sampling section for the inside for being located at babinet 9, position
The linkage section of lever piece and connection sampling section and lever piece outside first end cover 12.The present invention uses the circle of horizontal setting
Column type babinet 9 is the babinet 9 of syringe type cylinder design, has fully ensured that flow is unobstructed and at the uniform velocity by bioorganism, makes case
Water environment keeps relative comfort and peace and quiet in body 9, to ensure the stabilization and health of organism physiological function；Moreover, this
The babinet 9 of cylinder type design can effectively avoid accumulation of the deposit in corner, facilitate deposit (or being biogenic deposits)
Complete collect and the clean and maintenance of experimental box 1；In addition, the babinet 9 of this design also effectively avoid flow from water outlet 11 to
Environment between water inlet 16 is contacted with the exchange of the gas-water interface in external environment, greatly reduces gas exchanges to part
The interference of Physiological Ecology index (such as consumption rate, fixed nitrogen rate)；Bioorganism is carried out with its metabolite, that is, biogenic deposits
Instant physical isolation, biogenic deposits are collected more complete, also, deposit and water quality generation are disturbed in the activity of bioorganism
It is dynamic smaller, do not alarm bioorganism, without terminating research experiment and not causing water-vapor interface contact in the case of, can be with
The complete collection for easily realizing biogenic deposits, can be widely applied to the physiological ecological of fish, shellfish and macro individual
Research is learned, it can also be one-stop to obtain multigroup key by the situation of change of 16 water sample detection index of water outlet 11 and water inlet
Data ensure that the synchronism and repeatability of data, experimental result are accurate.In the present invention, the size of the mesh of mesh sheet 10 is small
In the size of bioorganism, bioorganism is located in mesh sheet 10, the biogenic deposits (excrement that bioorganism generates during the experiment
Just, false excrement and other solids or thick metabolin etc.) bottom that babinet 9 is drained to by mesh, realize bioorganism and its
The biogenic deposits of generation are completely separated；Meanwhile the diameter of water inlet 16 and water outlet 11 is again smaller than the size of bioorganism,
It has fully ensured that bioorganism is not washed away by flow, ensure that the fairness of research experiment progress；Particularly suitable for fish, shellfish
With the research experiment of the individual larger biology such as tangleweed.
Refering to attached drawing 4, in of the invention, the end for sampling section is equipped with the notch being obliquely installed.When sampling, by sealing-plug 17 from
It is removed in the deposit sample tap 22 of first end cover 12, so that deposit sample tap 22 is opened, and rapidly by deposit probe tube 13
It is inserted into deposit sample tap 22, the appropriate water flow for reducing water outlet 11, the sediment of 9 bottom of babinet is from the distant to the near in pressure
Or it is collected into deposit probe tube 13 by angular cutouts under auxiliary siphonage；Then, the water of water outlet 11 is improved immediately
Flow fills in deposit sample tap 22 to normal flow, by sealing-plug 17, so that deposit sample tap 22 is sealed, to complete to sample
Work；Sampling is rapid, small to the disturbance of marine organisms, also, avoids experiment water body exposure and cause gas in air
(O2、CO2Deng) dissolve into and overflow, the testing results such as consumption rate will not be impacted.Under normal conditions, the inclination angle of notch
Degree is 30~35 degree.The length for sampling section is the 3/4~4/5 of the length of babinet 9.The setting of notch is conducive to the receipts of deposit
Collection makes sediment collect convenient, facilitates sampling, do not alarm bioorganism, without terminating research experiment and not causing water-gas
In the case of interfacial contact, the complete collection of biogenic deposits is easily realized.The diameter of water inlet 16 and water outlet 11 it is straight
Diameter is equal, and the diameter of deposit probe tube 13 is less than the diameter of water inlet 16.The water inlet 16 of the experimental provision is in 9 one end of babinet
Center position, and water outlet 11 is arranged in the top of 9 other end of babinet, this design can guarantee that flow passes through organism completely
And it is detained particulate form biogenic deposits while overflowing；Flow is flowed into from water inlet 16, and the internal cavities along babinet 9 are axially logical
Later it is overflowed again by the water outlet 11 above rear end, water outlet 11 is consistent with the diameter of water inlet 16, has fully ensured that in babinet 9
Pressure it is balanced, also, avoid being in direct contact for air and water body during the experiment, gas blocked to dissolve or overflowed
Journey exempts external interference, ensures that object to be measured substance converts simultaneously conservation in system；It is heavy to be taken out using deposit probe tube 13
Product object is mainly used for analyzing the index of the deposits such as false excrement, true excrement, deposition water content of matter, dry weight, TN, TON, TC, TOC.
In the present embodiment, babinet 9 is transparent setting, and therefore, attached drawing 1, attached drawing 2, attached drawing 3, attached drawing 4 and attached drawing 7 can be with
See that the structure inside babinet 9, the distance of the axis of mesh sheet 10 to babinet 9 are the 1/6~1/8 of 9 diameter of babinet.Usual mesh sheet 10
It is to be made using stainless steel, biogenic deposits that this stainless steel mesh sheet 10 generates bioorganism with it (excrement,
False excrement and other solids or thick metabolin etc.) realize instant separation；And it is pinpointed using exploration type deposit probe tube 13
Sediment sample to be extracted, water sample and sediment sample can be collected according to planned timing, sampling is convenient, smaller to bioorganism disturbance,
And terminate experiment without midway.The babinet 9 of this transparent setting may be used organic glass material and be made, transparent cabinet 9
Illumination variation round the clock can be simulated, flowing water is unobstructed and realizes experiment water body by solution-air circle in bioorganism mechanism
Face is kept completely separate；The babinet 9 of this set is operated when measuring the circadian rhythm of organism physiological change in external shading
Under the conditions of can still complete collection to biogenic deposits.The present invention is that fish, shellfish are measured in Physiological Ecology for cultivating
The simulating lab test device of the individual Physiological Ecology indexs such as the ingesting of class and tangleweed, metabolic rate, is simulated indoors
The growth field condition of marine organisms is to measure filter food, breathing, excretion, defecation and other metabolite generation rates of marine organisms
And its absorption percent of pass etc. to nutriment, calculate aquatile energy budget and its correlation between environmental element
A kind of enclosed flow being widely portable to the aquatiles individual such as fish, shellfish and macro physiology, ecological study
Water tests fexible unit.
Refering to attached drawing 1, in of the invention, experimental box 1 is several, in the present embodiment, depicts 3 experimental boxs 1, babinet 9
Bottom be equipped with pedestal 14, pedestal 14 is two and to be symmetrical set.Several experimental boxs 1 can form parallel laboratory test group together
It is easy to operate to disposably complete repeated experiment and contrast experiment with combination control experiment group, the time is saved, it is comparative
By force, experimental result is accurate and reliable；Under normal conditions, the water outlet 11 of each experimental box 1 is connected with water sample sampling bottle by hose
2, water sample sampling bottle 2 is generally 1 liter of polyethylene bottle, and water sample sampling bottle 2 is mainly used for consumption rate experiment and water sample detection index,
Water sample detection may include dissolved oxygen, ammonia nitrogen, total nitrogen, total organic nitrogen, urea, total carbon, total organic carbon, active phosphorus according to experiment purpose
Hydrochlorate, total phosphorus, chlorophyll etc. with ingest, nutrition, the detection of the indexs of correlation such as metabolism.Further include water tank 3, water tank 3 in the present invention
Generally high water tank 3, water tank 3 are connected with current divider 7 by pipeline 5, current divider 7 by isocon 8 respectively with several realities
Tryoff 1 connects.The direction that 5 upper edge of pipeline flow outflow is equipped with the first control valve 4 and the second control valve 6 successively.In 3 He of water tank
Under the action of current divider 7, parallel laboratory test and the disturbing factor of contrast experiment are further reduced, improves the accurate of experimental result
Property.The flow velocity that first control valve 4 and the second control valve 6 control the flow velocity of the water outlet of water tank 3 respectively and current divider 7 is intake, at this
On the basis of kind of bivalve pressure control, current meter can be assembled on valve, make flow control the operation is more convenient and is easy；In the first control valve 4
And second can also transfer between control valve 6 multiple current dividers 7, also, the number of openings on each current divider 7 can be according to experiment
Middle parallel group and blank group need voluntarily to be arranged；In addition, the pressure of the first control valve 4 and the second control valve 6 can be adjusted, lead to
The pressure difference crossed between the first control valve 4 and the second control valve 6 can also control water velocity.
Refering to attached drawing 5 and attached drawing 6, in of the invention, one end of mesh sheet 10 is equipped with the first lug 18, and the other end of mesh sheet 10 is set
Have the second lug 19, first end cover 12 is equipped with first card slot compatible with the first lug 18, second end cover 15 be equipped with
Second lug, 19 compatible second card slot 20.Mesh sheet 10 is connected between first end cover 12 and second end cover 15, it is made to fix
Securely, experiment is not interfered with；Meanwhile the mesh sheet 10 of this set is connect simply with first end cover 12, second end cover 15, convenient for peace
Assembly and disassembly, at this point, first end cover 12 can be tightly connected by buckle and babinet 9, to form a sealed babinet 9.
In addition, refering to attached drawing 7 and attached drawing 8, in the present invention, sealing-plug 17 can also be provided in the unidirectional baffle 21 inside babinet 9, gear
Plate 21 can be that the shaft at top is opened around one side, and baffle 21 is under the action of hydraulic pressure in experimentation, by deposit sample tap
22 sealings；When sampling, deposit probe tube 13 is entered the inside of babinet 9 by deposit sample tap 22, and baffle 21 is opened；
During deposit probe tube 13 extracts babinet 9 out, 9 inside water pressure of babinet pushes baffle 21 to rotate down and sample deposit
Mouth 22 is closed, to complete the sealing of babinet 9.Be equipped with sealing ring in deposit sample tap 22, the inside of baffle 21 be equipped with it is close
The compatible groove of seal realizes the close of baffle 21 and deposit sample tap 22 under the mating reaction of groove and sealing ring
Envelope connection.
Illustrate that the experimental provision for marine bioecology research of the present invention is carrying out comb below by specific experiment
Application in the Study on Ecophysiological Characteristics of Narrow experiment of hole scallop：
1, experimentation describes
The present invention the experimental provision for marine bioecology research when in use, first, by the first end of babinet 9
Lid 12 is opened, and installation stainless steel mesh sheet 10 after being laid flat the babinet 9 of experimental box 1, places bioorganism (fish in mesh sheet 10
Mesh sheet 10 can not put as the case may be, and bioorganism is placed into after being previously implanted into a certain amount of water in experimental box 1), it covers
First end cover 12 with rubber seal is simultaneously tightened；Then, by the current divider of water inlet 16 and the outlet pipe of high-order water tank 3
7 are connected, and flow velocity is controlled by the first control valve 4 and the second control valve 6, can be by increasing the difference in flow between two control valves
Regulate and control the flow rate of water flow in 1 cavity of experimental box；Finally, water outlet 11 is connected by hose with water sample sampling bottle 2.
Using Chlamys farreri as bioorganism, the experiment using the present invention for marine bioecology research fills for this experiment
Set the research for carrying out Chlamys farreri excretion situation and oxygen consumption situation.Natural sea-water enters position after precipitating and high pressure sand filter is handled
It is flowed out by the first control valve 4 and the second control valve 6 in the water of upper water tank 3, upper water tank 3, the first control valve 4 and second
Control valve 6 can be ball-type switch valve, by adjusting the first control valve 4 and the second control valve 6, maintain extra water from water
It is overflowed in case 3, to keep the constant of experimentation water-head, that is, is maintained to flow through the constant of water in experimental box 1.From water tank 3
The water of spilling enters back into each experimental box 1 after entering current divider 7 after the first control valve 4 and the second control valve 6, and water sample is by going out
The mouth of a river 11 at the uniform velocity flows into water sample sampling bottle 2, and sedimentary particle then penetrates the bottom that mesh sheet 10 falls into babinet 9.Take sediment sample
When, deposit probe tube 13 is stretched into the inside of babinet 9 by deposit sample tap 22, and water outlet can be reduced by tongs
Sedimentary particle is deposited object probe tube 13 using 9 inside and outside differential pressure of babinet and sucks and collect, then used by 11 flow from far near
It is unobstructed that sealing-plug 17 restores water outlet 11 after closing deposit sample tap 22.
2, experimental method
2.1 accuracys are tested
Experiment is tamed and is measured under 10 DEG C of natural temperature, and experiment is divided into 4 groups by scallop Individual Size, and shell is long
Respectively 30~40mm, 40~50mm, 50~60mm, 60~70mm, each experimental group place scallop 3~4 by Individual Size.
Neat, the normotrophic scallop of selection individual is tamed after a week under experimental conditions, is placed in experimental box 1, after filtration clean
Its excretion is measured in net seawater.In continuous mode, a water sample is taken at interval of 2h, is continued altogether for 24 hours, water sample monitoring index packet
It includes：NH4-N、NO2-N、NO3- N, DIN, DON, DTN, DIP, DOP and DTP；After sampling for 24 hours, collection is deposited on 9 bottom of babinet
Particulate form excreta, that is, biogenic deposits is siphoned off overlying seawater by secondary standing, with a small amount of distilled water flushing desalination,
(4d) is dried at 60~70 DEG C, is weighed, PTN and PTP analyses are carried out.In experiment, while dissolved oxygen amount in experiment water body is monitored, and according to
According to the flow velocity in dissolved oxygen amount adjustment water tank 3, range of flow is 90~150mL/min.Experimental result is as shown in Table 1 and Table 2.
2.2 repeated experiment
The Chlamys farreri that shell grows 30~40mm is chosen, under 10 DEG C of water temperatures, marine organisms physiology is used for using the present invention
The experimental provision of ecological study and the existing experimental provision for being commercially available for marine organisms Study on Ecophysiological Characteristics of Narrow are according to above-mentioned
Method measures its oxygen demand and excretion respectively, and experimental result is included in shown in table 3 and table 4.
3, analysis method
Continuous monitoring for 24 hours has been carried out to experiment water body DO contents using dissolved oxygen meter (YSI-model) in experiment.Water
NH in body4-N、NO2-N、NO3- N, DIN, DON, DIP and DOP assay method referring to《Marine monitoring specification》, DTN, DTP are adopted
With potassium persulfate oxidation method while measuring method (Zhao Weihong, 1999), the PTN in particulate matter is measured using protein automatic analyzer
The method then proposed with reference to (1999) such as Hu Chuanyu with PTP.
4, computational methods
The discharge rate of 4.1 solubilised state excretas
Vd(μ g/h/ind)=(C-C0)×v/n；
Wherein, VdThe discharge rate (μ g/h) of the amount of having a net increase of of various nitrogen forms, phosphorus respectively in water sample, i.e. various nitrogen forms, phosphorus；
C is the concentration (μ g/L) of each index in 11 water sample of water outlet；C0For the concentration (μ g/L) of each index in 16 water sample of water inlet；V is
The speed of flow in each experimental box 1；N is the number of scallop in each experimental box 1；
Discharge rate VdWith 24 product, that is, scallop one day total excretion of individual.
The discharge rate of 4.2 particulate form excretas
Vp(μ g/h/ind)=(W-W0)/n·t；
Wherein, VpThe discharge rate (μ g/h) of TN, TP respectively in particulate form excreta；W be particulate form excreta in TN,
Total excretion of TP；W0For the total amount collected in blank control group；N is the number of each experiment scallop；T is lasting for collection
Time (h).
4.3 consumption rate
VO2(mg/h/ind)=(C-C0)×v/n
Wherein, VO2For the rate of dissolved oxygen reduction in water sample, C is the concentration (mg/L) of dissolved oxygen in 11 water sample of water outlet；
C0For the concentration (mg/L) of dissolved oxygen in 16 water sample of water inlet；V is the speed of flow in each experimental box 1；N is in each experimental box 1
The number of scallop, consumption rate VO2With 24 product, that is, scallop one day oxygen demand of individual.
5, experimental result
The gained in the experimental provision for marine organisms Study on Ecophysiological Characteristics of Narrow of the present invention it can be seen from Tables 1 and 2
To experimental data higher regression coefficient can be obtained with reference to universal law, experimental repeatability is preferable.
In addition, the experimental provision for marine organisms Study on Ecophysiological Characteristics of Narrow of the present invention can realize 24 hours one day continuously
The day-night change for draining index in water is monitored, biology is effectively masked in excretion day-night change in different time periods, has certain
Statistical significance, obtained data accuracy is also higher.
The discharge rate of the long scallop of the different shells of table 1
| Shell grows (cm) | 3.80±0.10 | 4.51±0.17 | 5.43±0.22 | 6.45±0.25 |
| NH4-N(μg/h/ind) | 11.00 | 23.26 | 26.68 | 32.34 |
| NO2-N(μg/h/ind) | 0.86 | 0.96 | 2.25 | 3.76 |
| NO3-N(μg/h/ind) | 2.47 | 2.46 | 5.79 | 9.66 |
| DIN(μg/h/ind) | 14.33 | 26.68 | 34.72 | 45.76 |
| DON(μg/h/ind) | 0.01 | 5.41 | 7.23 | 14.16 |
| DTN(μg/h/ind) | 14.34 | 32.08 | 41.96 | 59.92 |
| DIP(μg/h/ind) | 2.19 | 4.00 | 1.06 | 3.63 |
| DOP(μg/h/ind) | 0.24 | 0.22 | -- | 0.02 |
| DTP(μg/h/ind) | 2.43 | 4.23 | 1.04 | 3.65 |
| PTN(μg/h/ind) | 1.69 | 2.67 | 3.58 | 5.67 |
| PTP(μg/h/ind) | 1.059 | 1.093 | 1.193 | 1.215 |
2 shell of table grows the relationship with elimination of nitrogen rate
Note：Nd--- dissolved nitrogen；Np--- particulate form nitrogen；NH4- N --- ammonia nitrogen.
The consumption rate and excretion rate measured on the experimental provision of 3 present invention of table
As can be seen from Table 3, it is fanned using the experimental provision for marine organisms Study on Ecophysiological Characteristics of Narrow of the present invention
When the consumption rate and excretion rate research experiment of shellfish, repeatability is good for the measurement result of 3 groups of parallel laboratory tests, and standard deviation S D exists
Between 0.016~0.040, the coefficient of variation is respectively less than 3%, not significant difference statistically.
The consumption rate and excretion rate measured on the existing commercially available experimental provision of table 4
As can be seen from Table 4, it is carried out using the existing experimental provision for being commercially available for marine organisms Study on Ecophysiological Characteristics of Narrow
When the consumption rate and excretion rate research experiment of scallop, consumption rate is led because of the oxygen exchange without completely cutting off gas-liquid interface completely
Cause experimental result lower by 31.42% and less reproducible than the measured value of the experimental provision of the present invention, standard deviation S D up to 0.126,
The coefficient of variation has significant difference statistically significantly up to 22.81%；It is existing to be commercially available for marine organisms physiological ecological
The other Physiological Ecology indexs for learning the scallop of the experimental provision measurement of research, such as ammonia nitrogen, nitrite nitrogen, nitrate nitrogen, Phos, particle
The standard deviation S D of state total nitrogen and total particulate phosphorus is between 0.069~0.404, and the coefficient of variation is all higher than 5%, even greater than
10%, there is significant difference statistically significantly, poor repeatability.In addition, existing be commercially available for the life of marine organisms physiology
Particulate form deposit is due to alarming aquaculture organism in the experimental provision of state research in collection, and is difficult to accomplish to collect completely, because
And data redundancy is poor, the measurement of particulate form total nitrogen and total particulate phosphorus discharge rate result also experimental provision more of the invention
As a result distinguish low 12.98% and 44.81%.
Beneficial effects of the present invention：The present invention uses the babinet 9 of syringe type cylinder design, has fully ensured that flow is unobstructed
And at the uniform velocity by bioorganism, water environment in babinet 9 is set to keep relative comfort and peace and quiet, to ensure organism physiological function
Stabilization with health；Moreover, this cylinder type design can effectively avoid accumulation of the deposit in corner, facilitate the complete of deposit
The clean and maintenance of whole collection and experimental box 1；In addition, the babinet 9 of this design also effectively avoids flow from water outlet 11 to water inlet
Environment between mouth 16 is contacted with the exchange of the gas-water interface in external environment, greatly reduces gas exchanges to part physiology
The interference of Ecological Indices (such as consumption rate, fixed nitrogen rate)；Bioorganism and its metabolite, that is, biogenic deposits are
When be physically isolated, biogenic deposits collect it is more complete, also, the activity of bioorganism to deposit and water quality generate disturbance compared with
It is small, do not alarm bioorganism, without terminating research experiment and not causing the contact of water-vapor interface in the case of, can be light
Realize that the complete collection of biogenic deposits, the Physiological Ecology that can be widely applied to fish, shellfish and macro individual are ground
Study carefully, can also be one-stop to obtain multigroup critical data by the situation of change of 16 water sample detection index of water outlet 11 and water inlet,
It ensure that the synchronism and repeatability of data, experimental result are accurate.
The foregoing is merely illustrative of the preferred embodiments of the present invention, is not intended to limit the invention, all essences in the present invention
With within principle, any modification, equivalent replacement, improvement and so on should all be included in the protection scope of the present invention god.
Claims (10)
1. a kind of experimental provision for marine organisms Study on Ecophysiological Characteristics of Narrow, it is characterised in that：Including experimental box, the experiment
Case includes the cylindrical type babinet of horizontal setting；
The inside of the babinet is hollow setting, and one end detachable connection of the babinet has first end cover, the babinet
The other end is equipped with second end cover, and the first end cover and the second end cover are connect with the box sealing, the babinet
It is internally provided with mesh sheet, the second end cover is equipped with water inlet, and the babinet is in the top close to the side of the first end cover
Equipped with water outlet；
The lower section of the first end cover is equipped with deposit sample tap, and the deposit sample tap is located at the lower section of the mesh sheet, institute
It states deposit sample tap and is connected with the sealing-plug for being sealed or opening to it, the deposit sample tap is connected with when opening
Deposit probe tube, the deposit probe tube include positioned at the sampling section of the inside of the babinet, positioned at the first end cover
The linkage section of external lever piece and connection the sampling section and the lever piece.
2. the experimental provision according to claim 1 for marine organisms Study on Ecophysiological Characteristics of Narrow, it is characterised in that：
The end of the sampling section is equipped with the notch being obliquely installed.
3. the experimental provision according to claim 2 for marine organisms Study on Ecophysiological Characteristics of Narrow, it is characterised in that：
The angle of inclination of the notch is 30~35 degree.
4. the experimental provision according to claim 3 for marine organisms Study on Ecophysiological Characteristics of Narrow, it is characterised in that：
The length of the sampling section is the 3/4~4/5 of the length of the babinet.
5. the experimental provision for marine organisms Study on Ecophysiological Characteristics of Narrow according to any one of Claims 1 to 4,
It is characterized in that：
The diameter of the diameter of the water inlet and the water outlet is equal, and the diameter of the deposit probe tube is less than the water inlet
The diameter of mouth.
6. the experimental provision according to claim 1 for marine organisms Study on Ecophysiological Characteristics of Narrow, it is characterised in that：
One end of the mesh sheet is equipped with the first lug, and the other end of the mesh sheet is equipped with the second lug, is set in the first end cover
There are the first card slot compatible with first lug, the second end cover to be equipped with and second lug compatible second
Card slot.
7. the experimental provision according to claim 1 for marine organisms Study on Ecophysiological Characteristics of Narrow, it is characterised in that：
The babinet is transparent setting, and the distance of the mesh sheet to the axis of the babinet is the 1/6~1/ of the box body diameter
8。
8. the experimental provision according to claim 1 for marine organisms Study on Ecophysiological Characteristics of Narrow, it is characterised in that：
The experimental box is several, and the bottom of the babinet is equipped with pedestal, and the pedestal is two and is symmetrical set.
9. the experimental provision according to claim 8 for marine organisms Study on Ecophysiological Characteristics of Narrow, it is characterised in that：
Further include water tank, the water tank is connected with current divider by pipeline, the current divider by isocon respectively with several
The experimental box connection.
10. the experimental provision according to claim 9 for marine organisms Study on Ecophysiological Characteristics of Narrow, it is characterised in that：
The direction that the pipeline upper edge flow outflow is equipped with the first control valve and the second control valve successively.
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