CN102114587A - Micromachining method of textures on metal surface - Google Patents

Micromachining method of textures on metal surface Download PDF

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Publication number
CN102114587A
CN102114587A CN2009102389418A CN200910238941A CN102114587A CN 102114587 A CN102114587 A CN 102114587A CN 2009102389418 A CN2009102389418 A CN 2009102389418A CN 200910238941 A CN200910238941 A CN 200910238941A CN 102114587 A CN102114587 A CN 102114587A
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lines
micro
metal surface
control machine
processing method
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CN102114587B (en
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包小营
周飞
陈云
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BYD Co Ltd
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BYD Co Ltd
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Abstract

The invention provides a micromachining method of textures on a metal surface. The method comprises the following steps of: putting a metal base material on a machining face plate of a numerical control machine which has the linkage of an X axle, a Y axle and a Z axle, wherein the X axle controls the left and right movement in a horizontal direction of the numerical control machine; the Y axle controls the forward and backward movement in the horizontal direction of the numerical control machine; the Z axle controls the movement in the vertical direction of the numerical control machine; and a circular cutter head is arranged on the numerical control machine, and a cutter is arranged on an edge of the circular cutter head; and controlling a motion path of the circular cutter head of the numerical control machine, wherein the circular cutter head drives the cutter to cut so as to form a cutting path, the textures can be obtained on the surface of the metal base material by repeating the cutting path, and the circular cutter head performs uniform motion along the horizontal direction in the cutting process when the motion path of the circular cutter head is one of a V type, an X type and a circular arc shape. By the method, various novel textures can be formed on the metal base material, a three-dimensional (3D) effect can be achieved, and the textures have good handfeel.

Description

The micro-processing method of a kind of metal surface lines
Technical field
The present invention relates to a kind of lines micro-processing method of metal surface, belong to the metal material surface process field.
Background technology
In the process of metal material, usually utilize micro-machined method to form the pattern with decorative effect, for example chemical etching, radium carving etc. in the metal surface.Compare with processing methods such as above-mentioned chemical etching and radium carvings, Digit Control Machine Tool (CNC) micro-processing method has the automaticity height, and the pattern stereoscopic impression that processes is strong, good hand touch, has high light effect simultaneously, and is pollution-free, the production efficiency advantages of higher.What yet the little processing of CNC at present mainly formed on the planar metal material is some simple lines, and perhaps just the surface is milled one deck reaches high light effect.Also have no idea at present to obtain complicated lines or pattern in the metal surface with the micro-machined method of CNC.
Summary of the invention
The technical problem to be solved in the present invention provides a kind of lines or method of patterning that can prepare complexity on metallic substrate surface with the micro-machined method of CNC.
The invention provides the micro-processing method of a kind of metal surface lines, this method comprises metal base is placed on the panel machining of Digit Control Machine Tool, described Digit Control Machine Tool has X-axis, Y-axis and Z axle three-shaft linkage, the side-to-side movement in the horizontal direction of described X-axis control Digit Control Machine Tool, described Y-axis control Digit Control Machine Tool seesawing in the horizontal direction, described Z axle control Digit Control Machine Tool is equipped with circular beater plate in the motion of vertical direction on the Digit Control Machine Tool, the edge of described circular beater plate is equipped with cutter; The motion path of the circular beater plate of control Digit Control Machine Tool, described circular beater plate drives cutter and cuts, form cutting path, repeat described cutting path and can obtain lines in metallic substrate surface, at the motion path of described circular beater plate is a kind of in V-type, X type and the circular arc, and described circular beater plate is the along continuous straight runs uniform motion in working angles.
Method of the present invention utilizes a kind of Digit Control Machine Tool to form multiple novel lines on metal base, but the product punching press reaches 3D effect, and the lines good hand touch of the metal surface that the present invention obtains has satisfied the pursuit of people to individual character.Also can carry out reaching the decorative effect that further beautifies as follow-up painted processing such as anodic oxidations.The metal that micro-processing method of the present invention prepares can be widely used in the shell of mobile phone metal shell, camera case, notebook computer casing, MP3, MP4 etc.
Description of drawings
Fig. 1 is a V-type of the present invention path schematic diagram;
Fig. 2 is an X type of the present invention path schematic diagram;
Fig. 3 is a circular arc type of the present invention path schematic diagram.
The lines schematic diagram that Fig. 4 obtains for embodiment 1;
The lines schematic diagram that Fig. 5 obtains for embodiment 2;
The lines schematic diagram that Fig. 6 obtains for embodiment 3;
The lines schematic diagram that Fig. 7 obtains for embodiment 4;
The lines schematic diagram that Fig. 8 obtains for embodiment 5;
The lines schematic diagram that Fig. 9 obtains for embodiment 6;
The lines schematic diagram that Figure 10 obtains for embodiment 7;
The lines schematic diagram that Figure 11 obtains for embodiment 8.
The specific embodiment
The invention provides the micro-processing method of a kind of metal surface lines, this method comprises metal base is placed on the panel machining of Digit Control Machine Tool, described Digit Control Machine Tool has X-axis, Y-axis and Z axle three-shaft linkage, the side-to-side movement in the horizontal direction of described X-axis control Digit Control Machine Tool, described Y-axis control Digit Control Machine Tool seesawing in the horizontal direction, described Z axle control Digit Control Machine Tool is equipped with circular beater plate in the motion of vertical direction on the Digit Control Machine Tool, the edge of described circular beater plate is equipped with cutter; The motion path of the circular beater plate of control Digit Control Machine Tool, described circular beater plate drives cutter and cuts, form cutting path, repeat described cutting path and can obtain lines in metallic substrate surface, at the motion path of described circular beater plate is a kind of in V-type, X type and the circular arc, and described circular beater plate is the along continuous straight runs uniform motion in working angles.
According to the micro-processing method of metal surface provided by the invention lines, the angle in described V-type path is 0 °-180 °, more preferably 30 °-150 °.As shown in Figure 1, in process, the summit B that the center of circular beater plate is fed to V-type along the terminal A or the C of V-type, and then be fed to end points C or A.
According to the micro-processing method of metal surface provided by the invention lines, the angle in described X type path is 0 °-180 °, more preferably 0 °-120 °.The angle in described X type path be 0 ° with the V-type path for 0 ° of pattern that processes of angle consistent.As shown in Figure 2, in process, the circular beater plate center begins cutting from the end points D of a limit L1 of X type or E, is fed to end points E or D along the L1 limit, and then from end points F or the G of another limit L2 of X type, is fed to end points G or F along the L2 limit.
According to the micro-processing method of metal surface provided by the invention lines, the arc radius in described circular arc type path can be according to concrete needs adjustment, and the central angle in described circular arc type path is 0 °-360 °, and the pattern that different central angle processed is similar.As shown in Figure 3, in process, the center of circular beater plate begins cutting from the end points H or the I of circular arc type, is fed to end points J along camber line, and then is fed to end points I or H.
Micro-processing method according to metal surface provided by the invention lines, the described speed of mainshaft can be regulated according to distinct device, preferably, this the present invention's the speed of mainshaft is 2000r/min-8000r/min, 3000r/min-6000r/min more preferably, the rotating speed of described main shaft is suitable, can make the main shaft steady running that connects cutterhead, thereby produce lines effect preferably.
According to the micro-processing method of metal surface provided by the invention lines, the degree of depth of described lines has no particular limits, and only otherwise destroying metal base gets final product, preferably, the degree of depth of described lines is 0.01mm-0.10mm, more preferably 0.03mm-0.06mm.Because processing material surface exists roughness and flatness problem, described working depth is less, causes surface pattern deep mixed easily, and the processing if described pattern is proceeded to paint easily makes irregular colour even.If working depth is bigger, cutting output will be bigger, cutter easy to wear.Described cutting output refers to the amount of the material that machines away.
According to the micro-processing method of metal surface provided by the invention lines, the spacing of described lines has no particular limits, as long as can form lines, preferably, the spacing of described lines is 0.05mm-0.7mm, more preferably 0.2mm-0.5mm.The processing spacing is too small, cuts overstockedly, and the textured surface effect is relatively poor, easily produces tool marks; The processing spacing is excessive, and feed speed will be accelerated, and easily equipment is produced loss.Described feed arrangement refers to the slide rail of X-axis, Y-axis, Z axle, described feed speed refer to described slide rail along the place axial movement velocity.
According to the micro-processing method of metal surface provided by the invention lines, in the preferred case, the range of described X-axis is 500mm, can be accurate to 0.001mm; The range of described Y-axis is 500mm, can be accurate to 0.001mm; The range of described Z axle is 200mm, can be accurate to 0.001mm.Stroke is big more, but the area of processing graphic pattern is big more.
Micro-processing method according to metal surface provided by the invention lines, the material of described cutterhead has no particular limits, but in order to alleviate the weight of cutterhead, in the preferred case, the material of described cutterhead is aluminium or aluminum alloy materials or other and the approaching material of aluminium alloy capability, has the cylindrical thread hole in the middle of the cutterhead for being mounted on the main shaft.Described cutter diameter is 50mm-400mm, increases with cutter diameter, and formation pattern magnitude ratio increases but shape does not change.Described cutter diameter is 75mm-200mm more preferably, and the cutterhead of this scope interior diameter is moderate to the requirement of Z axle main axe intensity, processing stability the best.If cutter diameter is excessive, the centrifugal force that produces in the rotary course is excessive, and the destructible degree of balance influences the processing effect of pattern lines; If cutter diameter is too small, the area of being processed is too small, only is applicable to the part that area is less, and the part bigger for some areas then can't cover.
Micro-processing method according to metal surface provided by the invention lines, described cutter does not have to be various cutters known in those skilled in the art that in the preferred case, described cutter is for boring the scorper tool, its material is a diamond material, comprises glomerocryst diamond cutter and monocrystalline diamond cutter.The patterned surfaces that the glomerocryst diamond cutter processes has seven glory pools, and the pattern that the monocrystalline diamond cutter processes has high light effect, but does not have seven glory pools, and can select with the monocrystalline cutter according to concrete needs still be the glomerocryst cutter.Described cutting-tool angle is 75 °-180 °, and more preferably 110 °-150 °, the pattern feel that this angle processed is better, and the reflective surface angle appropriateness of lines, is easy to the demonstration of pattern.Angle is less, and the product feel that processes is comparatively coarse, and angle is bigger, and the reflective surface angle is bigger, and is reflective stronger, is unfavorable for the demonstration of pattern.
According to the micro-processing method of metal surface provided by the invention lines, preferably, described metal base is lower metal material or the metal alloy compositions of hardness such as aluminium or aluminium alloy; Also can process for the metal material that hardness is higher, but damage cutter easily, working (machining) efficiency is lower, and pattern effect is relatively poor simultaneously, can carry out the pattern processing of high hardness material by the higher cutter of working strength.
Micro-processing method according to metal surface provided by the invention lines, preferably, a kind of tool also is provided, this tool is to be used for metal base that clamping processes, its shape is decided by the shape of institute's processing metal base material, its material is decided by the processing requirement of strength, can be the higher metals of hardness such as stainless steel, also can be lower metal of hardness such as aluminium or chock etc.Its effect mainly is by the fixing tablet of being processed of means such as buckle, draw-in groove and vacuum.
According to the micro-processing method of metal surface provided by the invention lines, preferably, in first being processed of the present invention, at metallic substrate surface spray lubrication oil, described lubricating oil is the omnipotent slushing compound of WD-40 (WD-40 company California, USA Santiago).This lubricant has good cooling and lubricating function, in the pattern process, can reduce cutting temperature and cutting force, alleviates the wearing and tearing of cutter, and surface effect and the manufacturing deficiency to lines also has the good effect of improving simultaneously.The surface effect of described lines refers to glossiness, uses this lubricant can improve the glossiness of lines; Described manufacturing deficiency fingerprint road surfaces has tool marks, and described tool marks refer to process lines formed line trace not too clearly in addition, has influenced the definition of the lines of actual processing generation.The required lubricant of present technique is not limited to the omnipotent slushing compound of described WD-40, and other lubricants with similar cooling and lubricant effect are also passable.
According to the micro-processing method of metal surface provided by the invention lines, the cutting path of described cutter utilizes the G code of the little processing industry of CNC to work out out.
According to the micro-processing method of metal surface provided by the invention lines, described pattern can be applied to the incrustation of metallic mobile phone shell, camera case, notebook computer casing, MP3, MP4, also can be used for the incrustation of other metalwork.
With specific embodiment the present invention is further described in detail below.
Embodiment 1
(1) metal base
Utilize stamping technology aluminium sheet (model 5052) to be struck out the shape (84mm * 54mm * 0.5mm) of phone housing.
(2) making of tool
According to the shape of rammed phone housing, make tool, material is an aluminium alloy, is used for the rammed phone housing of clamping.
(3) quill path design and program composition
Utilize CAD software, the angle that draws is 30 ° V-type path, according to the CAD path of being drawn, utilizes G code to program, and imports numerical control device.
(4) lines processing
Rammed phone housing is placed on the tool of step (2) preparation, it is fixed, on aluminium, spray the omnipotent slushing compound of a small amount of WD-40, press start button, can carry out the procedure of being worked out.Working depth is 0.05mm, spacing is 0.2mm, and the speed of mainshaft is 2000r/min, and the feed speed of X-axis and Y-axis is 800mm/min, cutterhead is an aluminum alloy materials, the diameter of cutterhead is 100mm, and the cutter angle is 130 °, and cutter material is the glomerocryst diamond cutter, program is finished, take off phone housing, clean, oven dry with cleaning fluid.Obtain lines as shown in Figure 4, individual character is arranged very much, feel is fine.
Embodiment 2
(1) metal base
(inside casing is the square of length of side 7.85mm, and the chamfer radius on four summits of square is R1.64mm to utilize line cutting technology that aluminium alloy (model 5052) is cut into the annular mobile phone photo frame; Housing is the square of length of side 12.75mm, and the chamfer radius on these foursquare four summits is R3.0mm.
(2) making of tool
According to the annular mobile phone photo frame shape that cuts into, make tool, material is an aluminium alloy, is used for the annular mobile phone photo frame that clamping cuts into.
(3) quill path design and program composition
Utilize CAD software, the angle that draws is 45 ° V-type path, according to the CAD path of being drawn, utilizes G code to program, and imports numerical control device.
(4) lines processing
Rammed phone housing is placed on the tool of step (2) preparation, it is fixed, on aluminium, spray the omnipotent slushing compound of a small amount of WD-40, press start button, can carry out the program of being worked out.Working depth is 0.1mm, and spacing is 0.5mm, and the speed of mainshaft is 7000r/min, and the feed speed of X-axis and Y-axis is 1000mm/min, and cutterhead is an aluminum alloy materials, and the diameter of cutterhead is 100mm, and the cutter angle is 130 °, and cutter material is the glomerocryst diamond cutter.Program is finished, and takes off the mobile phone photo frame, cleans oven dry with cleaning fluid.Obtain lines as shown in Figure 5, individual character is arranged very much, feel is fine.
Embodiment 3
(1) metal base
Utilize stamping technology aluminium sheet (model 5056) to be struck out the shape (84mm * 54mm * 0.5mm) of phone housing.
(2) making of tool
According to the shape of rammed phone housing, make tool, material is an aluminium alloy, is used for the rammed phone housing of clamping.
(3) quill path design and program composition
Utilize CAD software, the angle that draws is 90 ° V-type path, according to the CAD path of being drawn, utilizes G code to program, and imports numerical control device.
(4) lines processing
Rammed phone housing is placed on the tool of step (2) preparation, it is fixed, on aluminium, spray the omnipotent slushing compound of a small amount of WD-40, press start button, can carry out the procedure of being worked out.Working depth is 0.01mm, spacing is 0.3mm, and the speed of mainshaft is 3000r/min, and the feed speed of X-axis and Y-axis is 800mm/min, cutterhead is an aluminum alloy materials, the diameter of cutterhead is 75mm, and the cutter angle is 130 °, and cutter material is the monocrystalline diamond cutter, program is finished, take off phone housing, clean, oven dry with cleaning fluid.Obtain lines as shown in Figure 6, individual character is arranged very much, feel is fine.
Embodiment 4
(1) metal base
Utilize stamping technology aluminium sheet (model 6061) to be struck out the shape (84mm * 54mm * 0.5mm) of phone housing.
(2) making of tool
According to the shape of rammed phone housing, make tool, material is an aluminium alloy, is used for the rammed phone housing of clamping.
(3) quill path design and program composition
Utilize CAD software, the angle that draws is 120 ° V-type path, according to the CAD path of being drawn, utilizes G code to program, and imports numerical control device.
(4) lines processing
Rammed phone housing is placed on the tool of step (2) preparation, it is fixed, on aluminium, spray the omnipotent slushing compound of a small amount of WD-40, press start button, can carry out the program of being worked out.Working depth is 0.04mm, and spacing is 0.7mm, and the speed of mainshaft is 4200r/min, and the feed speed of X-axis and Y-axis is 1200mm/min, and cutterhead is an aluminum alloy materials, and the diameter of cutterhead is 100mm, and the cutter angle is 130 °, and cutter material is the glomerocryst diamond cutter.Program is finished, and takes off aluminium, cleans oven dry with cleaning fluid.Obtain lines as shown in Figure 7, individual character is arranged very much, feel is fine.
Embodiment 5
(1) metal base
Utilize stamping technology aluminium sheet (model 5052) to be struck out the shape (84mm * 54mm * 0.5mm) of phone housing.
(2) making of tool
According to the shape of rammed phone housing, make tool, material is an aluminium alloy, is used for the rammed phone housing of clamping.
(3) quill path design and program composition
Utilize CAD software, the angle that draws is 0 ° X type path, according to the CAD path of being drawn, utilizes G code to program, and imports numerical control device.
(4) lines processing
Rammed phone housing is placed on the tool of step (2) preparation, it is fixed, on aluminium, spray the omnipotent slushing compound of a small amount of WD-40, press start button, can carry out the program of being worked out.Working depth is 0.06mm, and spacing is 0.35mm, and the speed of mainshaft is 5000r/min, and the feed speed of X-axis and Y-axis is 1400mm/min, and cutterhead is an aluminum alloy materials, and the diameter of cutterhead is 100mm, and the cutter angle is 130 °, and cutter material is the glomerocryst diamond cutter.Program is finished, and takes off phone housing, cleans oven dry with cleaning fluid.Obtain lines as described in Figure 8, individual character is arranged very much, feel is fine.
Embodiment 6
(1) metal base
Utilize stamping technology aluminium sheet (model 5052) to be struck out the shape (84mm * 54mm * 0.5mm) of phone housing.
(2) making of tool
According to the shape of rammed phone housing, make tool, material is an aluminium alloy, is used for the rammed phone housing of clamping.
(3) quill path design and program composition
Utilize CAD software, the angle that draws is 90 ° X type path, according to the CAD path of being drawn, utilizes G code to program, and imports numerical control device.
(4) lines processing
Rammed phone housing is placed on the tool of step (2) preparation, it is fixed, on aluminium, spray the omnipotent slushing compound of a small amount of WD-40, press start button, can carry out the program of being worked out.Working depth is 0.08mm, and spacing is 0.25mm, and the speed of mainshaft is 6000r/min, and the feed speed of X-axis and Y-axis is 1000mm/min, and cutterhead is an aluminum alloy materials, and the diameter of cutterhead is 100mm, and the cutter angle is 90 °, and cutter material is the glomerocryst diamond cutter.Program is finished, and takes off phone housing, cleans oven dry with cleaning fluid.Obtain lines as described in Figure 9, individual character is arranged very much, feel is fine.
Embodiment 7
(1) metal base
Utilize stamping technology aluminium sheet (model 5052) to be struck out the shape (84mm * 54mm * 0.5mm) of phone housing.
(2) making of tool
According to the shape of rammed phone housing, make tool, material is an aluminium alloy, is used for the rammed phone housing of clamping.
(3) quill path design and program composition
Utilize CAD software, the angle that draws is 120 ° X type path, according to the CAD path of being drawn, utilizes G code to program, and imports numerical control device.
(4) lines processing
Rammed phone housing is placed on the tool of step (2) preparation, it is fixed, on aluminium, spray the omnipotent slushing compound of a small amount of WD-40, press start button, can carry out the program of being worked out.Working depth is 0.08mm, and spacing is 0.1mm, and the speed of mainshaft is 4200r/min, and the feed speed of X-axis and Y-axis is 1000mm/min, and cutterhead is an aluminum alloy materials, and the diameter of cutterhead is 100mm, and the cutter angle is 130 °, and cutter material is the glomerocryst diamond cutter.Program is finished, and takes off phone housing, cleans oven dry with cleaning fluid.Obtain lines as shown in figure 10, individual character is arranged very much, feel is fine.
Embodiment 8
(1) metal base
Utilize stamping technology aluminium sheet (model 5052) to be struck out the shape (84mm * 54mm * 0.5mm) of phone housing.
(2) making of tool
According to the shape of rammed phone housing, make tool, material is an aluminium alloy, is used for the rammed phone housing of clamping.
(3) quill path design and program composition
Utilize CAD software, the angle that draws is 180 ° circular arc type path, according to the CAD path of being drawn, utilizes G code to program, and imports numerical control device.
(4) lines processing
Rammed phone housing is placed on the tool of step (2) preparation, it is fixed, on aluminium, spray the omnipotent slushing compound of a small amount of WD-40, press start button, can carry out the program of being worked out.Working depth is 0.05mm, and spacing is 0.05mm, and the speed of mainshaft is 4200r/min, the feed speed of X-axis and Y-axis is 1000mm/min, and cutterhead is an aluminum alloy materials, and the diameter of cutterhead is 75mm, the cutter angle is 90 °, and cutter material is the glomerocryst diamond cutter, and arc diameter is 100mm.Program is finished, and takes off phone housing, cleans oven dry with cleaning fluid.Obtain lines as shown in figure 11, individual character is arranged very much, feel is fine.

Claims (10)

1. the micro-processing method of a metal surface lines, it is characterized in that, this method comprises metal base is placed on the panel machining of Digit Control Machine Tool, described Digit Control Machine Tool has X-axis, Y-axis and Z axle three-shaft linkage, the side-to-side movement in the horizontal direction of described X-axis control Digit Control Machine Tool, described Y-axis control Digit Control Machine Tool seesawing in the horizontal direction, described Z axle control Digit Control Machine Tool is in the motion of vertical direction, circular beater plate is installed on the Digit Control Machine Tool, and the edge of described circular beater plate is equipped with cutter; The motion path of the circular beater plate of control Digit Control Machine Tool, described circular beater plate drives cutter and cuts, form cutting path, repeat described cutting path and can obtain lines in metallic substrate surface, at the motion path of described circular beater plate is a kind of in V-type, X type and the circular arc, and described circular beater plate is the along continuous straight runs uniform motion in working angles.
2. the micro-processing method of metal surface as claimed in claim 1 lines is characterized in that, the angle in described V-type path is 0 °-180 °.
3. the micro-processing method of metal surface as claimed in claim 1 lines is characterized in that, the angle in described X type path is 0 °-180 °.
4. the micro-processing method of metal surface as claimed in claim 1 lines is characterized in that, the angle in described circular arc path is 0 °-360 °.
5. as the micro-processing method of any described metal surface lines of claim 1-4, it is characterized in that the described speed of mainshaft is 2000r/min-8000r/min.
6. the micro-processing method of metal surface as claimed in claim 5 lines is characterized in that, the degree of depth of described lines is 0.01mm-0.10mm, and the spacing of described lines is 0.05mm-0.7mm.
7. the micro-processing method of metal surface as claimed in claim 6 lines is characterized in that, the range of described X-axis is 500mm, and the range of described Y-axis is 500mm, and the range of described Z axle is 200mm.
8. the micro-processing method of metal surface as claimed in claim 7 lines is characterized in that, described cutter diameter is 50mm-400mm.
9. the micro-processing method of metal surface as claimed in claim 8 lines is characterized in that, described cutting-tool angle is 75 ° to 180 °.
10. the micro-processing method of metal surface as claimed in claim 1 lines is characterized in that, described metal base is an aluminum or aluminum alloy.
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