CN102113468B - Method for forecasting diseases for seawater pond culture - Google Patents

Abstract

A method for forecasting diseases for seawater pond culture has the following steps: taking the deepest point in a seawater pond as an observation point, measuring different special parameters below 10cm of the water surface of the observation point and above 10cm of the water surface of the observation point, then calculating reference standards according to the parameters, and subsequently, achieving early warning conditions when three or more types of the reference standards are conformed during the July to the August or the January to the March, thereby releasing early warning. The method is utilized for monitoring the seawater pond culture, so that the diseases can be pre-warned in advance by at least one month, thereby helping culture households to take measures in advance and perform disease prevention and disease reduction, so as to reduce the loss of the culture households due to the arrangement for eliminating the diseases completely. According to the method, the difficulty that the diseases can not be forecasted in aquaculture is solved, and the problem that the remedy can be conducted after the generation of the diseases formerly, and the passive treatment is changed into the positive prevention, so that the method is particularly suitable for the vast culture households of seawater pond culture.

Description

The forecasting procedure of diseases for seawater pond culture

Technical field

The present invention relates to a kind of disease forecasting method of culturing marine products, especially a kind ofly can send in advance hazard forecasting and early warning, help the culturist to take in advance prophylactico-therapeutic measures, combated a natural disaster in time mitigation, to reduce or to avoid the forecasting procedure of the diseases for seawater pond culture of loss.

Background technology

At present, seawater pond culture has become one of important way of mariculture industry, along with the continuous increase of cultivation kind and the continuous expansion of cultivation scale, cultivates dead disaster and happens occasionally.At present, sea cucumber, Ruditapes philippinarum, blood clam, stalwart blood clam, oyster, scallop etc. many in pond the end dwell or bury the dead disaster that do not wait of the equal generating process degree of precious marine product of the cultivation of dwelling.About the dead Disaster Study of above-mentioned cultivation, mainly concentrate at present the aspects such as the detection of water quality conventional index, pathogenic microorganisms and bion immune mechanism, when the main emphasis point of these correlative study achievements is dead disaster is occurred and tracking and quick diagnosis after occurring, rather than before dead disaster occurs, forecast, early warning, the forecasting procedure that can avoid the raiser to lose.

Summary of the invention

The present invention is in order to solve the existing the problems referred to above of prior art, provide a kind of previous month left and right of dead disaster can occur at the cultivation object, send hazard forecasting and warning, take measures in advance to instruct the raiser, combated a natural disaster the forecasting procedure of diseases for seawater pond culture of mitigation.

Concrete solution of the present invention is: a kind of forecasting procedure of diseases for seawater pond culture is characterized in that: its method is comprised of following steps:

A, using the bosom of sea pond as observation station,

B, measure the water quality index at the following 10cm of observation station water surface place: T _{top layer}(temperature), S _{top layer}(salinity), DO _{2 top layers}(dissolved oxygen), NH ₃-N _{top layer}(ammoniacal nitrogen) and H ₂s _{top layer}(hydrogen sulphide),

C, measure the water quality index at above 10cm place at the bottom of the observation station pond: T _bottom(temperature), S _bottom(salinity), DO _{2 bottoms}(dissolved oxygen), NH ₃-N _bottom(ammoniacal nitrogen) and H ₂s _bottom(hydrogen sulphide),

D, calculate following data:

Δ T=|T _bottom-T _{top layer}|

Δ S=S _bottom-S _{top layer}

Δ DO ₂=DO _{2 bottoms}-DO _{2 top layers}

Δ NH ₃-N=NH ₃-N _bottom-NH ₃-N _{top layer}

Δ H ₂s=H ₂s _bottom-H ₂s _{top layer}

Warning index and early-warning conditions:

ΔT＞1.0，

ΔS＞0.5，

Δ DO ₂<0 and DO _{2 bottoms}<4 mg/litre,

Δ NH ₃-N>0.04 mg/litre,

Δ H ₂s>0 and H ₂s _bottom<0.003 mg/litre is as reference standard,

During e, the 7-8 month or the 1-3 month, in above-mentioned reference standard, occur simultaneously three or more than, reach early-warning conditions, the issue early warning.

The present invention compared with the existing technology, has following advantage:

Adopt method of the present invention to be monitored the indices of seawater aquaculturing pond, at least one month earlier early warning is sent to disease in left and right, help the raiser to take measures in advance, combated a natural disaster, mitigation, reduce and eliminate the loss that disease is brought to the raiser even fully; This forecasting procedure has solved in aquaculture at one stroke can't send to disease the difficult problem of forecast, overcome and be merely able to be remedied this problem in the past after disease occurs, become initiatively prevention by passive treatment, can effectively reduce raiser's loss, improve the survival rate of cultivation object, be particularly suitable for the user of vast seawater pond culture, and be convenient to promote, apply.

Embodiment

Below the specific embodiment of the present invention will be described.

At first choose the seawater aquaculturing pond bosom as observation station, measure the following water quality index at the following 10cm of water surface place, observation station place: T _{top layer}(temperature), S _{top layer}(salinity), DO _{2 top layers}(dissolved oxygen), NH ₃-N _{top layer}(ammoniacal nitrogen) and H ₂s _{top layer}(hydrogen sulphide); Measure the following water quality index at above 10cm place at the bottom of the observation station pond: T _bottom(temperature), S _bottom(salinity), DO _{2 bottoms}(dissolved oxygen), NH ₃-N _bottom(ammoniacal nitrogen) and H ₂s _bottom(hydrogen sulphide); Then these water quality index are calculated and compared.

Calculating is referring to standard:

Δ T=|T _bottom-T _{top layer}|

Δ S=S _bottom-S _{top layer}

Δ DO ₂=DO _{2 bottoms}-DO _{2 top layers}

Δ NH ₃-N=NH ₃-N _bottom-NH ₃-N _{top layer}

Δ H ₂s=H ₂s _bottom-H ₂s _{top layer}

Embodiment mono-:

When after calculating, Δ T>1.0, Δ S>0.5, Δ DO ₂<0 and DO _{2 bottoms}<4 mg/litre, Δ NH ₃-N>0.04 mg/litre, Δ H ₂s>0 and H ₂s _bottomthese five reference standards of<0.003 mg/litre occur any 4 or while all occurring in January, give the alarm, and serious dead disaster can occur then March to April, cultivate the lethality of object more than 20%.

Embodiment bis-:

When after detecting and calculating, Δ T>1.0, Δ S>0.5, Δ DO ₂<0 and DO _{2 bottoms}<4 mg/litre, Δ NH ₃-N>0.04 mg/litre, Δ H ₂s>0 and H ₂s _bottomthese five reference standards of<0.003 mg/litre, when July occurs any 3, give the alarm, and the 7-8 month then, serious dead disaster can occur, and cultivate the lethality of object more than 20%.

Embodiment tri-:

When after detecting and calculating, Δ T>1.0, Δ S>0.5, Δ DO ₂<0 and DO _{2 bottoms}<4 mg/litre, Δ NH ₃-N>0.04 mg/litre, Δ H ₂s>0 and H ₂s _bottomthese five reference standards of<0.003 mg/litre occur any 4 or while all occurring in March, give the alarm, and medium dead disaster can occur April then, cultivate the lethality of object below 20%.

Embodiment tetra-:

When after detecting and calculating, Δ T>1.0, Δ S>0.5, Δ DO ₂<0 and DO _{2 bottoms}<4 mg/litre, Δ NH ₃-N>0.04 mg/litre, Δ H ₂s>0 and H ₂s _bottomthese five reference standards of<0.003 mg/litre, when August occurs any 3, give the alarm, and medium dead disaster can occur August then to September, cultivate the lethality of object below 20%.

Claims (1)

1. the forecasting procedure of a diseases for seawater pond culture, it is characterized in that: its method is comprised of following steps:

A, using the bosom of sea pond as observation station,

B, measure the water quality index at the following 10cm of observation station water surface place: T _{top layer}(temperature), S _{top layer}(salinity), DO _{2 top layers}(dissolved oxygen), NH ₃-N _{top layer}(ammoniacal nitrogen) and H ₂s _{top layer}(hydrogen sulphide),

C, measure the water quality index at above 10cm place at the bottom of the observation station pond: T _bottom(temperature), S _bottom(salinity), DO _{2 bottoms}(dissolved oxygen), NH ₃-N _bottom(ammoniacal nitrogen) and H ₂s _bottom(hydrogen sulphide),

D, calculate following data:

Δ T=|T _bottom-T _{top layer}|

Δ S=S _bottom-S _{top layer}

Δ DO ₂=DO _{2 bottoms}-DO _{2 top layers}

Δ NH ₃-N=NH ₃-N _bottom-NH ₃-N _{top layer}

Δ H ₂s=H ₂s _bottom-H ₂s _{top layer}

Warning index and early-warning conditions:

ΔT＞1.0，

ΔS＞0.5，

Δ DO ₂<0 and DO _{2 bottoms}<4 mg/litre,

Δ NH ₃-N>0.04 mg/litre,

Δ H ₂s>0 and H ₂s _bottom<0.003 mg/litre is as reference standard,

During e, the 7-8 month or the 1-3 month, in above-mentioned reference standard, occur simultaneously three or more than, reach early-warning conditions, the issue early warning.