CN102113468A - Method for forecasting diseases for seawater pond culture - Google Patents

Abstract

A method for forecasting diseases for seawater pond culture has the following steps: taking the deepest point in a seawater pond as an observation point, measuring different special parameters below 10cm of the water surface of the observation point and above 10cm of the water surface of the observation point, then calculating reference standards according to the parameters, and subsequently, achieving early warning conditions when three or more types of the reference standards are conformed during the July to the August or the January to the March, thereby releasing early warning. The method is utilized for monitoring the seawater pond culture, so that the diseases can be pre-warned in advance by at least one month, thereby helping culture households to take measures in advance and perform disease prevention and disease reduction, so as to reduce the loss of the culture households due to the arrangement for eliminating the diseases completely. According to the method, the difficulty that the diseases can not be forecasted in aquaculture is solved, and the problem that the remedy can be conducted after the generation of the diseases formerly, and the passive treatment is changed into the positive prevention, so that the method is particularly suitable for the vast culture households of seawater pond culture.

Description

Sea pond is cultured the forecasting procedure of disease

Technical field

The present invention relates to the disease forecasting method that a kind of marine product is cultured, especially a kind ofly can send hazard forecasting and early warning in advance, help the culturist to take prophylactico-therapeutic measures in advance, in time combat a natural disaster mitigation, culture the forecasting procedure of disease with the sea pond that reduces or avoid losing.

Background technology

At present, sea pond is cultured has become one of important way of mariculture industry, along with the continuous expansion of the continuous increase of culturing kind and the scale of breed, cultures dead disaster and happens occasionally.At present, sea cucumber, Ruditapes philippinarum, blood clam, stalwart blood clam, oyster, scallop etc. many in the pond end dwell or bury the dead disaster that the equal generating process degree of precious marine product of culturing of dwelling does not wait.About the dead Disaster Study of above-mentioned breed, mainly concentrate on aspects such as the detection of water quality conventional index, pathogenic microorganisms and bion immune mechanism at present, when the main emphasis point of these correlative study achievements is dead disaster taken place and tracking and quick diagnosis after taking place, rather than before dead disaster takes place, forecast, early warning, the forecasting procedure that can avoid the raiser to lose.

Summary of the invention

The present invention is in order to solve existing in prior technology the problems referred to above, providing a kind of can take place about the previous moon of dead disaster at the breed object, send hazard forecasting and warning, take measures in advance, combat a natural disaster the sea pond of mitigation to culture the forecasting procedure of disease to instruct the raiser.

Concrete solution of the present invention is: a kind of sea pond is cultured the forecasting procedure of disease, and it is characterized in that: its method is made up of following steps:

A, with the bosom of sea pond as observation station,

B, measure the water quality index at the following 10cm of observation station water surface place: T _{The top layer}(temperature), S _{The top layer}(salinity), DO _{2 top layers}(dissolved oxygen), NH ₃-N _{The top layer}(ammoniacal nitrogen) and H ₂S _{The top layer}(hydrogen sulphide),

C, measure the water quality index at above 10cm place at the bottom of the observation station pond: T _Bottom(temperature), S _Bottom(salinity), DO _{2 bottoms}(dissolved oxygen), NH ₃-N _Bottom(ammoniacal nitrogen) and H ₂S _Bottom(hydrogen sulphide),

D, calculate following data:

Δ T=|T _Bottom-T _{The top layer}|

Δ S=S _Bottom-S _{The top layer}

Δ DO ₂=DO _{2 bottoms}-DO _{2 top layers}

Δ NH ₃-N=NH ₃-N _Bottom-NH ₃-N _{The top layer}

Δ H ₂S=H ₂S _Bottom-H ₂S _{The top layer}

Warning index and early-warning conditions:

ΔT＞1.0，

ΔS＞0.5，

Δ DO ₂＜0 and DO _{2 bottoms}＜4 mg/litre,

Δ NH ₃-N＞0.04 mg/litre,

Δ H ₂S＞0 and H ₂S _Bottom＜0.003 mg/litre is as reference standard,

During e, the 7-8 month or the 1-3 month, in the above-mentioned reference standard, occur simultaneously three or more than, reach early-warning conditions, the issue early warning.

The present invention compares with prior art, has following advantage:

Adopt method of the present invention that every index of seawater aquaculturing pond is monitored, about can be at least one month earlier disease be sent early warning, help the raiser to take measures in advance, combat a natural disaster, mitigation, reduce even eliminate the loss that disease is brought to the raiser fully; This forecasting procedure has solved in the aquaculture at one stroke can't send the difficult problem of forecast to disease, overcome and be merely able to after disease takes place, remedy this problem in the past, become initiatively prevention by passive treatment, can reduce raiser's loss effectively, improve the survival rate of culturing object, be particularly suitable for the user that vast sea pond is cultured, and be convenient to promote, use.

Embodiment

Below the specific embodiment of the present invention will be described.

At first choose the seawater aquaculturing pond bosom as observation station, measure the following water quality index at the following 10cm of water surface place, observation station place: T _{The top layer}(temperature), S _{The top layer}(salinity), DO _{2 top layers}(dissolved oxygen), NH ₃-N _{The top layer}(ammoniacal nitrogen) and H ₂S _{The top layer}(hydrogen sulphide); Measure the following water quality index at above 10cm place at the bottom of the observation station pond: T _Bottom(temperature), S _Bottom(salinity), DO _{2 bottoms}(dissolved oxygen), NH ₃-N _Bottom(ammoniacal nitrogen) and H ₂S _Bottom(hydrogen sulphide); Then these water quality index are calculated and compared.

Calculate following reference standard:

Δ T=|T _Bottom-T _{The top layer}|

Δ S=S _Bottom-S _{The top layer}

Δ DO ₂=DO _{2 bottoms}-DO _{2 top layers}

Δ NH ₃-N=NH ₃-N _Bottom-NH ₃-N _{The top layer}

Δ H ₂S=H ₂S _Bottom-H ₂S _{The top layer}

Embodiment one:

After through calculating, Δ T＞1.0, Δ S＞0.5, Δ DO ₂＜0 and DO _{2 bottoms}＜4 mg/litre, Δ NH ₃-N＞0.04 mg/litre, Δ H ₂S＞0 and H ₂S _BottomThese five reference standards of＜0.003 mg/litre occur any 4 or when all occurring in January, give the alarm, and serious dead disaster can take place then March to April, and the lethality of promptly culturing object is more than 20%.

Embodiment two:

After through detection and calculating, Δ T＞1.0, Δ S＞0.5, Δ DO ₂＜0 and DO _{2 bottoms}＜4 mg/litre, Δ NH ₃-N＞0.04 mg/litre, Δ H ₂S＞0 and H ₂S _BottomThese five reference standards of＜0.003 mg/litre give the alarm when July occurs any 3, and the 7-8 month then, serious dead disaster can take place, and the lethality of promptly culturing object is more than 20%.

Embodiment three:

After through detection and calculating, Δ T＞1.0, Δ S＞0.5, Δ DO ₂＜0 and DO _{2 bottoms}＜4 mg/litre, Δ NH ₃-N＞0.04 mg/litre, Δ H ₂S＞0 and H ₂S _BottomThese five reference standards of＜0.003 mg/litre occur any 4 or when all occurring in March, give the alarm, and medium dead disaster can take place April then, and the lethality of promptly culturing object is below 20%.

Embodiment four:

After through detection and calculating, Δ T＞1.0, Δ S＞0.5, Δ DO ₂＜0 and DO _{2 bottoms}＜4 mg/litre, Δ NH ₃-N＞0.04 mg/litre, Δ H ₂S＞0 and H ₂S _BottomThese five reference standards of＜0.003 mg/litre give the alarm when August occurs any 3, and medium dead disaster can take place August then to September, and the lethality of promptly culturing object is below 20%.

Claims (1)

1. a sea pond is cultured the forecasting procedure of disease, and it is characterized in that: its method is made up of following steps:

A, with the bosom of sea pond as observation station,

B, measure the water quality index at the following 10cm of observation station water surface place: T _{The top layer}(temperature), S _{The top layer}(salinity), DO _{2 top layers}(dissolved oxygen), NH ₃-N _{The top layer}(ammoniacal nitrogen) and H ₂S _{The top layer}(hydrogen sulphide),

C, measure the water quality index at above 10cm place at the bottom of the observation station pond: T _Bottom(temperature), S _Bottom(salinity), DO _{2 bottoms}(dissolved oxygen), NH ₃-N _Bottom(ammoniacal nitrogen) and H ₂S _Bottom(hydrogen sulphide),

D, calculate following data:

Δ T=|T _Bottom-T _{The top layer}|

Δ S=S _Bottom-S _{The top layer}

Δ DO ₂=DO _{2 bottoms}-DO _{2 top layers}

Δ NH ₃-N=NH ₃-N _Bottom-NH ₃-N _{The top layer}

Δ H ₂S=H ₂S _Bottom-H ₂S _{The top layer}

Warning index and early-warning conditions:

ΔT＞1.0，

ΔS＞0.5，

Δ DO ₂＜0 and DO _{2 bottoms}＜4 mg/litre,

Δ NH ₃-N＞0.04 mg/litre,

Δ H ₂S＞0 and H ₂S _Bottom＜0.003 mg/litre is as reference standard,

During e, the 7-8 month or the 1-3 month, in the above-mentioned reference standard, occur simultaneously three or more than, reach early-warning conditions, the issue early warning.