CN102108460A - Shape memory alloy particle reinforced light metal-based composite material and preparation method thereof - Google Patents

Shape memory alloy particle reinforced light metal-based composite material and preparation method thereof Download PDF

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CN102108460A
CN102108460A CN2009102488254A CN200910248825A CN102108460A CN 102108460 A CN102108460 A CN 102108460A CN 2009102488254 A CN2009102488254 A CN 2009102488254A CN 200910248825 A CN200910248825 A CN 200910248825A CN 102108460 A CN102108460 A CN 102108460A
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shape memory
memory alloy
alloy particles
base
matrix material
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马宗义
倪丁瑞
肖伯律
王继杰
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Institute of Metal Research of CAS
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Institute of Metal Research of CAS
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Abstract

The invention provides a shape memory alloy particle reinforced light metal-based composite material and a preparation method thereof. The composite material comprises a substrate and shape memory alloy particles, wherein the volume content of the shape memory alloy particles is 5-40% and the thickness of the composite material is 2-20 millimeters. The method is characterized by prearranging the shape memory alloy particles in an aluminium alloy or magnesium alloy plate by adopting the dot matrix porous particle prearranging mode to prepare the shape memory alloy particle reinforced light metal-based composite material through the friction stir processing technology. The composite material has the following advantages: the particles in the composite material are uniformly distributed; the interface between the particles and the substrate is clean and no reactants are generated on the interface; and the composite material has the shape memory effect and excellent damping property.

Description

Shape memory alloy particles strengthens light metal-based matrix material and preparation method thereof
Technical field
The present invention relates to metallic substance, provide a kind of shape memory alloy particles to strengthen light metal-based matrix material and preparation method thereof especially.
Background technology
Shape memory alloy has special shape memory effect, promptly after the material of the stress deformation experience temperature variation martensite-austenitic transformation takes place, and is returned to original shape.This effect makes such material become the research focus in intelligent material field, is the quality matetrial of preparation transmitter, performer, has broad application prospects.Developed the Co base at present, the Zr base, the Ni-Al base, the Ni-Ti base, the Ni-Mn base, the Ti-Pt base, the Ta-Ru base, the Nb-Ru base, the Ni-Mn-Ga base, the Fe-Mn-Si base, Cu-Al-Ni bases etc. are planted shape memory alloy.
Because the density of shape memory alloy is bigger, and its application in space structure is limited to.Possessing the density that reduces material under the condition of shape memory characteristic is to realize the key of loss of weight, and matrix material is the effective way that realizes this idea.Aluminium alloy, magnesium alloy have lightweight, high-strength, advantage such as plasticity is good, and very fast to the response ratio of heat, wherein make the performance advantage that aluminium base or magnesium base composite material can be brought into play shape memory alloy and light alloy simultaneously if shape memory alloy added to.Strengthening magnesium base composite material about shape memory alloy at present also still is not reported.Mainly contain two classes about the shape memory alloy reinforced aluminum matrix composites: a class is to adopt lay-up method that shape memory alloy fiber place Min layers is set on the aluminium foil, and pressure sintering forms matrix material.One class is to adopt powder metallurgic method that the shape memory alloy powder is mixed through hot pressed sintering with Al alloy powder to form.But, these two kinds of preparation methods' development all is faced with huge difficulty at present.The one, the aluminium element in the high temperature lower substrate can be diffused into and destroy its shape memory effect in the shape memory alloy; The 2nd, aluminium and matrix react, and are generating the fragility reactant at the interface, reduce in conjunction with effect; The 3rd, for mmaterial, there is a certain amount of hole, easily in deformation process, rupture.Although have recently in the prepared matrix material of report title (reducing to 15 minutes) under the condition that shortens sintering time and do not find reactant by 90 minutes, but because its sintering temperature does not change, still be in the reaction interval, so fundamentally do not eliminate the possibility of chemical reaction.And for powder metallurgy, when sintering time was too short, the plasticizing of matrix powder, densification, homogenizing were insufficient, in conjunction with insecure, also can have the not saturating phenomenon of sintering for the big material of size between the particle.
Agitating friction processing (Friction stir processing, FSP) be that a kind of that development in recent years is got up lacks flow process, type material high-effect, that the scope of application is extensive prepares and processing technology, be successfully applied to the preparation of metal-base composites, particularly the composite system that at high temperature is easy to react for preparation has outstanding advantage.This is because one side FSP is that its processing temperature is lower than conventional forming technique in solid-state processing down; The FSP process velocity is fast on the other hand, and the time that material at high temperature experiences is very short.
There is the investigator to attempt adopting FSP to prepare the NiTi particle and strengthens 1100 Al alloy composites, method is as follows: be of a size of 102 * 76 * 6 millimeters 1100Al sheet alloy, the deep hole that is parallel to the surface at 4 diameters of ground drill with ferrule of 0.9 millimeter of distance upper surface, the diameter in hole is 1.6 millimeters, and length is 76 millimeters.Pack in the hole 2~193 microns NiTi particle is that 1000 rev/mins, gait of march are that 25 millimeters/minute condition lower edge hole depth direction is carried out FSP at rotating speed.Acquisition NiTi granule content is 8% composite surface material layer, and the thickness of composite bed is less than 2 millimeters.But the homogeneity of size distribution is undesirable in the matrix material of this kind method preparation, and is difficult to prepare large-sized block matrix material.
Summary of the invention
The purpose of this invention is to provide a kind of shape memory alloy particles and strengthen light metal-based matrix material and preparation method thereof; The present invention can prepare composite surface material layer or block matrix material on various aluminium alloys or magnesium alloy plate, because shape memory alloy has excellent damping capacity, so after introducing shape memory alloy, the damping capacity of matrix material also significantly improves.
The invention provides a kind of shape memory alloy particles and strengthen light metal-based matrix material, this shape memory alloy particles strengthens light metal-based matrix material to be made up of matrix and shape memory alloy particles, and wherein the volume content of shape memory alloy particles is 5~40%; The thickness of this matrix material is 2~20 millimeters.Even particle distribution in the matrix material, particle and basal body interface are clean, do not have reactant to generate, and this matrix material has shape memory effect and good damping property.
Shape memory alloy particles provided by the invention strengthens light metal-based matrix material, and described matrix is aluminium alloy or magnesium alloy; Described shape memory alloy particles is at least a in Co base, Zr base, Ni-Al base, Ni-Ti base, Ni-Mn base, Ti-Pt base, Ta-Ru base, Nb-Ru base, Ni-Mn-Ga base, Fe-Mn-Si base, the Cu-Al-Ni base marmem particle.
The present invention also provides shape memory alloy particles to strengthen the preparation method of light metal-based matrix material, adopt dot matrix porous particle preset mode, shape memory alloy particles is preset in aluminium alloy or the magnesium alloy plate, prepares shape memory alloy particles by the agitating friction complete processing and strengthen light metal-based matrix material.
Shape memory alloy particles provided by the invention strengthens the preparation method of light metal-based matrix material, described dot matrix porous particle preset mode is equably filled aperture and compacting with diameter 0.1 micron~0.5 millimeter shape memory alloy particles for get out a series of apertures of arranging with the dot matrix rule on the sheet metal surface.
Shape memory alloy particles provided by the invention strengthens the preparation method of light metal-based matrix material, described agitating friction fabrication process condition is under the processing condition of 200~2500 rev/mins of instrument rotating speeds, gait of march 20~600 mm/min, carries out the processing of 2~6 passage agitating frictions to filling the particulate place.By diameter, the depth and the dense degree control particulate addition of control punch, a formation shape memory alloy content is 5~40% composite surface material layer or block matrix material.
Shape memory alloy particles provided by the invention strengthens the preparation method of light metal-based matrix material, and the diameter of the aperture that described dot matrix rule is arranged is 0.5~20 millimeter, and the degree of depth is 0.5~20 millimeter.
Even particle distribution in the matrix material of the present invention, particle and basal body interface are clean, do not have reactant to generate, and this matrix material has shape memory effect and good damping property.
Embodiment
The following examples will give further instruction to the present invention, but not thereby limiting the invention.
Embodiment 1
Low volume fraction, large size NiTi strengthen the aluminum composite manufacturing process: get out on 6061 aluminium sheets perpendicular to plate surface, a series of apertures of being arranged in a linear, the diameter in hole is that 2 millimeters, the degree of depth are 5 millimeters, and the hole between centers is 3 millimeters.Be compacting in 150~178 microns the NiTi particle load hole with diameter, under the condition of 600 rev/mins of rotating speeds, gait of march 100 mm/min, carry out 4 passage FSP.The thickness of gained matrix material is 5 millimeters, and NiTi particulate volume fraction is 5%, distributes very evenly, and combines with aluminum substrate well, does not have reactant to exist at particle/basal body interface place.Material has shape memory characteristic and is better than the damping capacity of mother metal.
Embodiment 2
High-volume fractional, large size NiTi strengthen the aluminum composite manufacturing process: get out on 6061 aluminium sheets perpendicular to plate surface, a series of apertures of being arranged in a linear, the diameter in hole is that 4 millimeters, the degree of depth are 5 millimeters, and the hole between centers is 5 millimeters.Be compacting in 150~178 microns the NiTi particle load hole with diameter, under the condition of 600 rev/mins of rotating speeds, gait of march 100 mm/min, carry out 4 passage FSP.The thickness of gained matrix material is 5 millimeters, and NiTi particulate volume fraction is 10%, distributes very evenly, and combines with aluminum substrate well, does not have reactant to exist at particle/basal body interface place.Material has shape memory characteristic and is better than the damping capacity of mother metal.Its martensitic transformation is initial, end temp is respectively 14.5 ℃, 39.6 ℃, and the austenitic transformation starting temperature is 12.5 ℃.Its room temperature tensile intensity reaches the mother metal level, yield strength 300MPa wherein, tensile strength 320MPa, unit elongation 10%.
Embodiment 3
High-volume fractional, small size NiTi strengthen the aluminum composite manufacturing process: get out on 6061 aluminium sheets perpendicular to plate surface, a series of apertures of being arranged in a linear, the diameter in hole is that 4 millimeters, the degree of depth are 5 millimeters, and the hole between centers is 5 millimeters.Be compacting in 0.5~74 micron the NiTi particle load hole with diameter, under the condition of 800 rev/mins of rotating speeds, gait of march 100 mm/min, carry out 2 passage FSP.The thickness of gained matrix material is 5 millimeters, and NiTi particulate volume fraction is 12%, distributes very evenly, and combines with aluminum substrate well, does not have reactant to exist at particle/basal body interface place.Material has shape memory characteristic and is better than the damping capacity of mother metal.
Embodiment 4
NiTi strengthens aluminium base skin layer composite material manufacturing process: get out on 5083 aluminium sheets perpendicular to plate surface, a series of apertures of being arranged in a linear, the diameter in hole is that 1 millimeter, the degree of depth are 0.5 millimeter, and the hole between centers is 1 millimeter.Be compacting in 0.5~74 micron the NiTi particle load hole with diameter, under the condition of 400 rev/mins of rotating speeds, gait of march 100 mm/min, carry out 2 passage FSP.The thickness of gained matrix material is 1 millimeter, and NiTi particulate volume fraction is 7%, distributes very evenly, and combines with aluminum substrate well, does not have reactant to exist at particle/basal body interface place.
Embodiment 5
NiMnGa strengthens the aluminum composite manufacturing process: get out on 2024 aluminium sheets perpendicular to plate surface, a series of apertures of being arranged in a linear, the diameter in hole is that 4 millimeters, the degree of depth are 5 millimeters, and the hole between centers is 5 millimeters.With compacting in the NiMnGa particle load hole of 60 orders (diameter 250 microns following), under the condition of 600 rev/mins of rotating speeds, gait of march 100 mm/min, carry out 4 passage FSP.The thickness of gained matrix material is 5 millimeters, and the particulate volume fraction is 9%, distributes very evenly, and combines with aluminum substrate well, does not have reactant to exist at particle/basal body interface place, and material has shape memory characteristic and is better than the damping capacity of mother metal.
Embodiment 6
CuAlNi strengthens the aluminum composite manufacturing process: get out on 7075 aluminium sheets perpendicular to plate surface, a series of apertures of being arranged in a linear, the diameter in hole is that 4 millimeters, the degree of depth are 5 millimeters, and the hole between centers is 5 millimeters.With compacting in the CuAlNi particle load hole of 60 orders (diameter 250 microns following), under the condition of 1000 rev/mins of rotating speeds, gait of march 100 mm/min, carry out 2 passage FSP.The thickness of gained matrix material is 5 millimeters, and the particulate volume fraction is 8%, distributes very evenly, and combines with aluminum substrate well, does not have reactant to exist at particle/basal body interface place, and material has shape memory characteristic and is better than the damping capacity of mother metal.
Embodiment 7
NiTi strengthens the magnesium base composite material manufacturing process: get out on AZ31 magnesium plate perpendicular to plate surface, a series of apertures of being arranged in a linear, the diameter in hole is that 4 millimeters, the degree of depth are 5 millimeters, and the hole between centers is 5 millimeters.Be compacting in 150~178 microns the NiTi particle load hole with diameter, under the condition of 600 rev/mins of rotating speeds, gait of march 100 mm/min, carry out 4 passage FSP.The thickness of gained matrix material is 5 millimeters, and NiTi particulate volume fraction is 10%, distributes very evenly, and combines with magnesium matrix well, does not have reactant to exist at particle/basal body interface place.Material has shape memory characteristic and is better than the damping capacity of mother metal.
Embodiment 8
CuAlNi strengthens the magnesium base composite material manufacturing process: get out on AZ80 magnesium plate perpendicular to plate surface, a series of apertures of being arranged in a linear, the diameter in hole is that 4 millimeters, the degree of depth are 5 millimeters, and the hole between centers is 5 millimeters.With compacting in the CuAlNi particle load hole of 60 orders (diameter 250 microns following), under the condition of 1000 rev/mins of rotating speeds, gait of march 100 mm/min, carry out 2 passage FSP.The thickness of gained matrix material is 5 millimeters, and the particulate volume fraction is 8%, distributes very evenly, and combines with magnesium matrix well, does not have reactant to exist at particle/basal body interface place, and material has shape memory characteristic and is better than the damping capacity of mother metal.
Comparative example 1
Be of a size of 102 * 76 * 6 millimeters 1100Al sheet alloy, 4 diameters of ground drill with ferrule 0.9 millimeter of distance upper surface are the deep hole of 76 millimeters of 1.6 millimeters long, pack into 2~193 microns NiTi particle is that 1000 rev/mins, gait of march are that 25 millimeters/minute condition lower edge hole depth direction is carried out FSP at rotating speed.Acquisition NiTi granule content is 8% composite surface material layer, and the thickness of composite bed is less than 2 millimeters.But the homogeneity of size distribution is undesirable in the matrix material of this kind method preparation, and is difficult to prepare large-sized block matrix material.(M.Dixit,et?al.Scripta?Mater.56(2007)541-544.)
Comparative example 2
Adopt the conventional hot-press sintering method to prepare NiTi and strengthen 2124 aluminum composites.With average particle size particle size is 32 microns aluminium powder and 193 microns NiTi powder thorough mixing, and sealing vacuumizes, and sintering is 90 minutes when 773K, is squeezed into bar then under the condition of temperature 753K, pressure 440 MPas, speed 0.4 mm/second.Complex process, the cost height, the reaction of NiTi particle and aluminum substrate seriously has the thick resultant of reaction layer of one deck in the gained matrix material around the NiTi particle.(R.R.Thorat,et?al.,J.Alloy.Compd.477(2009)307-315.)
Comparative example 3
Adopt the conventional hot-press sintering method to prepare NiTi and strengthen 2124 aluminum composites.With average particle size particle size is 32 microns aluminium powder and 193 microns NiTi powder thorough mixing, sealing vacuumizes, sintering is 15 minutes when 773K, is squeezed into diameter then and is 10.4 millimeters bar under the condition of temperature 703K, pressure 650 MPas, speed 0.4 mm/second.Do not observe the resultant of reaction layer in the gained matrix material.But complex process, the cost height, and, can't prepare the large size material because sintering time is very short.(D.San?Martina,et?al.,Mater.Sci.Eng.A?526(2009)250-252.)?。

Claims (8)

1. a shape memory alloy particles strengthens light metal-based matrix material, it is characterized in that: this shape memory alloy particles strengthens light metal-based matrix material to be made up of matrix and shape memory alloy particles, and wherein the volume content of shape memory alloy particles is 5~40%; The thickness of this matrix material is 2~20 millimeters.
2. strengthen light metal-based matrix material according to the described shape memory alloy particles of claim 1, it is characterized in that: described matrix is aluminium alloy or magnesium alloy.
3. strengthen light metal-based matrix material according to the described shape memory alloy particles of claim 1, it is characterized in that: described shape memory alloy particles is at least a in Co base, Zr base, Ni-Al base, Ni-Ti base, Ni-Mn base, Ti-Pt base, Ta-Ru base, Nb-Ru base, Ni-Mn-Ga base, Fe-Mn-Si base, the Cu-Al-Ni base marmem particle.
4. the described shape memory alloy particles of claim 1 strengthens the preparation method of light metal-based matrix material, it is characterized in that: adopt dot matrix porous particle preset mode, shape memory alloy particles is preset in aluminium alloy or the magnesium alloy plate, prepares shape memory alloy particles by the agitating friction complete processing and strengthen light metal-based matrix material.
5. strengthen the preparation method of light metal-based matrix material according to the described shape memory alloy particles of claim 4, it is characterized in that: described dot matrix porous particle preset mode is equably filled aperture and compacting with diameter 0.1 micron~0.5 millimeter shape memory alloy particles for get out a series of apertures of arranging with the dot matrix rule on the sheet metal surface.
6. strengthen the preparation method of light metal-based matrix material according to the described shape memory alloy particles of claim 4, it is characterized in that: described agitating friction fabrication process condition carries out the processing of 2~6 passage agitating frictions under the processing condition of 200~2500 rev/mins of instrument rotating speeds, gait of march 20~600 mm/min to filling the particulate place.
7. strengthen the preparation method of light metal-based matrix material according to the described shape memory alloy particles of claim 5, it is characterized in that: the diameter of the aperture that described dot matrix rule is arranged is 0.5~20 millimeter, and the degree of depth is 0.5~20 millimeter.
8. the described shape memory alloy particles of claim 1 strengthens light metal-based matrix material and has shape memory effect and good damping property.
CN2009102488254A 2009-12-28 2009-12-28 Shape memory alloy particle reinforced light metal-based composite material and preparation method thereof Pending CN102108460A (en)

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Cited By (12)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN102954338A (en) * 2011-08-15 2013-03-06 通用汽车环球科技运作有限责任公司 Conformable shape memory article
CN103320724A (en) * 2013-06-24 2013-09-25 中国石油大学(北京) Mo micro-nanowire/CuZnAl memory alloy composite material and preparation method thereof
CN104372190A (en) * 2014-11-24 2015-02-25 哈尔滨工业大学 Preparation method of titanium alloy particle-reinforced aluminium-based composite material
CN104498750A (en) * 2014-12-17 2015-04-08 南京九致信息科技有限公司 High-damping high-strength aluminum-based composite material and preparation method thereof
CN107520448A (en) * 2017-07-28 2017-12-29 西安建筑科技大学 A kind of preparation method of Metal Substrate composite material of shape memory
CN109175667A (en) * 2018-09-11 2019-01-11 华南理工大学 A kind of hydroxyapatite/composite material of magnesium alloy and preparation method thereof
CN109822095A (en) * 2019-04-04 2019-05-31 哈尔滨工程大学 Shape memory alloy particles enhance Cu-base composites and preparation method
CN111745162A (en) * 2019-03-26 2020-10-09 中国科学院金属研究所 Shape memory alloy reinforced magnesium-based composite material with three-dimensional interpenetrating network structure and preparation method thereof
CN113084326A (en) * 2019-12-23 2021-07-09 宝山钢铁股份有限公司 Metal-based composite material and preparation method thereof
CN113523005A (en) * 2021-07-12 2021-10-22 福建祥鑫股份有限公司 Extrusion method of low-volume-fraction ceramic particle reinforced aluminum-based composite bar
CN113737062A (en) * 2021-08-31 2021-12-03 江苏大学 Titanium-nickel alloy particle reinforced aluminum matrix composite material and preparation method thereof
WO2023226166A1 (en) * 2022-05-23 2023-11-30 上海交通大学 Preparation method for aluminum-based composite material reinforced with shape memory ceramic and having adjustable austenite content

Cited By (14)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN102954338A (en) * 2011-08-15 2013-03-06 通用汽车环球科技运作有限责任公司 Conformable shape memory article
CN102954338B (en) * 2011-08-15 2017-03-01 通用汽车环球科技运作有限责任公司 Compliance shape memory article
CN103320724A (en) * 2013-06-24 2013-09-25 中国石油大学(北京) Mo micro-nanowire/CuZnAl memory alloy composite material and preparation method thereof
CN104372190A (en) * 2014-11-24 2015-02-25 哈尔滨工业大学 Preparation method of titanium alloy particle-reinforced aluminium-based composite material
CN104498750A (en) * 2014-12-17 2015-04-08 南京九致信息科技有限公司 High-damping high-strength aluminum-based composite material and preparation method thereof
CN107520448A (en) * 2017-07-28 2017-12-29 西安建筑科技大学 A kind of preparation method of Metal Substrate composite material of shape memory
CN109175667A (en) * 2018-09-11 2019-01-11 华南理工大学 A kind of hydroxyapatite/composite material of magnesium alloy and preparation method thereof
CN111745162A (en) * 2019-03-26 2020-10-09 中国科学院金属研究所 Shape memory alloy reinforced magnesium-based composite material with three-dimensional interpenetrating network structure and preparation method thereof
CN111745162B (en) * 2019-03-26 2022-04-05 中国科学院金属研究所 Shape memory alloy reinforced magnesium-based composite material with three-dimensional interpenetrating network structure and preparation method thereof
CN109822095A (en) * 2019-04-04 2019-05-31 哈尔滨工程大学 Shape memory alloy particles enhance Cu-base composites and preparation method
CN113084326A (en) * 2019-12-23 2021-07-09 宝山钢铁股份有限公司 Metal-based composite material and preparation method thereof
CN113523005A (en) * 2021-07-12 2021-10-22 福建祥鑫股份有限公司 Extrusion method of low-volume-fraction ceramic particle reinforced aluminum-based composite bar
CN113737062A (en) * 2021-08-31 2021-12-03 江苏大学 Titanium-nickel alloy particle reinforced aluminum matrix composite material and preparation method thereof
WO2023226166A1 (en) * 2022-05-23 2023-11-30 上海交通大学 Preparation method for aluminum-based composite material reinforced with shape memory ceramic and having adjustable austenite content

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Application publication date: 20110629