CN102106058A - Permanent magnet synchronous motor - Google Patents
Permanent magnet synchronous motor Download PDFInfo
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- CN102106058A CN102106058A CN2009801294847A CN200980129484A CN102106058A CN 102106058 A CN102106058 A CN 102106058A CN 2009801294847 A CN2009801294847 A CN 2009801294847A CN 200980129484 A CN200980129484 A CN 200980129484A CN 102106058 A CN102106058 A CN 102106058A
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- permanent
- stator
- electric motor
- groove
- synchronous electric
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
- H02K—DYNAMO-ELECTRIC MACHINES
- H02K21/00—Synchronous motors having permanent magnets; Synchronous generators having permanent magnets
- H02K21/12—Synchronous motors having permanent magnets; Synchronous generators having permanent magnets with stationary armatures and rotating magnets
- H02K21/14—Synchronous motors having permanent magnets; Synchronous generators having permanent magnets with stationary armatures and rotating magnets with magnets rotating within the armatures
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
- H02K—DYNAMO-ELECTRIC MACHINES
- H02K1/00—Details of the magnetic circuit
- H02K1/06—Details of the magnetic circuit characterised by the shape, form or construction
- H02K1/12—Stationary parts of the magnetic circuit
- H02K1/16—Stator cores with slots for windings
- H02K1/165—Shape, form or location of the slots
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
- H02K—DYNAMO-ELECTRIC MACHINES
- H02K1/00—Details of the magnetic circuit
- H02K1/06—Details of the magnetic circuit characterised by the shape, form or construction
- H02K1/22—Rotating parts of the magnetic circuit
- H02K1/27—Rotor cores with permanent magnets
- H02K1/2706—Inner rotors
- H02K1/272—Inner rotors the magnetisation axis of the magnets being perpendicular to the rotor axis
- H02K1/274—Inner rotors the magnetisation axis of the magnets being perpendicular to the rotor axis the rotor consisting of two or more circumferentially positioned magnets
- H02K1/2753—Inner rotors the magnetisation axis of the magnets being perpendicular to the rotor axis the rotor consisting of two or more circumferentially positioned magnets the rotor consisting of magnets or groups of magnets arranged with alternating polarity
- H02K1/276—Magnets embedded in the magnetic core, e.g. interior permanent magnets [IPM]
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- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Power Engineering (AREA)
- Permanent Field Magnets Of Synchronous Machinery (AREA)
- Iron Core Of Rotating Electric Machines (AREA)
Abstract
Provided is a permanent magnet synchronous motor that can reduce the drop in torque due to magnetic saturation which occurs when current is high, and which can also minimize the increase in heat generation and loss due to increased current, by applying a stator structure suited to driving under low speed/high torque conditions with high current. A slot width is set constant in the radial direction, a slot bottom is in a shape of an arc having a radius length of 1/2 of the slot width, and a magnetic pole piece is provided to extend in the circumferential direction from a teeth inner circumferential side edge toward the center of the slot width. In the permanent magnetic synchronous motor, the permanent magnet is made symmetrical in shape with respect to the d-axis, a cut portion is formed on an outer circumferential surface of a q-axis iron core provided on the advancing and lagging sides of the rotational direction of the permanent magnet, a hole is provided at the q-axis iron core on the lagging side of a rotational direction of the permanent magnet, thereby reducing leakage magnetic flux of the slot and using the same as effective magnetic flux.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to possess in a kind of rotor the permanent-magnet synchronous electric motor of excitation with permanent magnet.
Background technology
Be accompanied by the development of high residue magnetic flux density magnet, the performance of permanent-magnet synchronous electric motor obtains rapid raising, uses various fields.
Particularly based on the consideration of current environment regulations, more and more higher with the application percentage of electric motor for vehicle headed by the automobile purposes and the permanent-magnet synchronous electric motor that adopts for compressor of air conditioner is sought high energy efficient.
On the other hand, for the field of industry with motor, without any exception, the application percentage of permanent-magnet synchronous electric motor also enlarges.Be that various working and forming machines are all replaced the permanent-magnet synchronous electric motor that has adopted based on the low speed high torque driving of multipole machine from the past oil pressure, baric systerm especially significantly.
In order to drive multipole permanent-magnet synchronous electric motor with low speed high torque, consider that the magnetic energy product of the permanent magnet of circulation is limited on the market, volume that need be by increasing motor or connect big electric current etc. and deal with.
Patent documentation 1:JP spy opens the 2003-134823 communique
In order to drive multipole permanent-magnet synchronous electric motor with low speed high torque, thereby under the situation of increasing motor volume, need guarantee the mechanical side space of bigger assembling motor.But, owing to be that to save space and convenient carrying and installation be the miniaturization lightweight now, we can say that therefore to improve the countermeasure of torque by the increasing motor volume unrealistic to the requirement of machine-shaping machinery.
In addition, for the access electric current of motor being improved the countermeasure of torque,, therefore need to connect the torque that bigger electric current produces expectation because the magnetic saturation of motor will destroy the linear characteristic of torque with respect to electric current by increasing.Under this situation, the copper loss that armature winding produced that is installed on motor becomes significantly, and the mechanism of cool motors need be set in addition, and its result runs in the opposite direction with the requirement of saving the space.
Have, for motor being provided enough electric currents, the control device of control motor need be realized high capacity again.That is to say, realize that the high capacity of power conversions element establishes the high capacity of each several part distribution system.At this moment, to cause the increase of the loss that electrification amount and control device produce, need to be provided with this cooling, the heat extraction mechanism shown in " patent documentation 1 ", not only become complicated cost of entire system increases, and run counter to current energy-conservation requirement, therefore, should not adopt these modes energetically.
Summary of the invention
The object of the present invention is to provide a kind of permanent-magnet synchronous electric motor, be suitable for the stator structure of low speed high torque, big current drives by employing, the torque that the magnetic saturation that produces in the time of can reducing because of big electric current causes descends and is accompanied by the loss of electric current increase, the increase of heating.
In order to solve above-mentioned problem, permanent-magnet synchronous electric motor of the present invention constitutes: make the width of groove constant in diametric(al), 1/2 length that trench bottom is formed with well width is the circular-arc of radius, and is provided with the pole piece that in the tooth all side ends extend at Zhou Fangxiang towards the center line of well width.
In addition, in order to solve above-mentioned problem, permanent-magnet synchronous electric motor of the present invention constitutes: make the width of groove constant in diametric(al), 1/2 length that trench bottom is formed with well width is the circular-arc of radius, and have pole piece with respect to groove at the adjacent tooth of the leading side of rotating magnetic field, this pole piece towards with respect to groove in the adjacent tooth of the hysteresis side of rotating magnetic field all side ends, extend at Zhou Fangxiang.
In addition, in order to solve above-mentioned housing, permanent-magnet synchronous electric motor of the present invention is characterised in that, possess: stator, relative with this stator dispose and be supported for can rotor rotated across the gap, described rotor possesses rotor core and a plurality of permanent magnet, the permanent magnet that these a plurality of permanent magnets are inserted in the inside formation of this rotor core inserts in the hole, and described stator possesses: stator core; A plurality of stator slots in this stator core setting; The tooth adjacent with this groove; With in stator slot, be provided with by U mutually, the armature winding of V phase, W phase composition, described groove has constant width in diametric(al), and the width of the A/F of this groove and this groove is roughly the same.
In addition, to achieve these goals, permanent-magnet synchronous electric motor of the present invention is characterised in that, have: stator, it has stator core and armature winding, and this stator core has a plurality of grooves and tooth, and this armature winding is arranged in the described groove by U phase, V phase, W phase composition; And rotor, it has rotor core and a plurality of permanent magnet, and the permanent magnet that these a plurality of permanent magnets are inserted in the inside formation of this rotor core inserts in the hole, and described rotor disposes across the gap relatively in interior all sides of described stator, is supported for and can rotates.Be provided with the flux regulator unit at described rotor core, be made as the d axle, will depart from 90 ° axle when being made as the q axle at pole center axle in the flux regulator unit, reduce when making the magnetic flux that flows through the q axle when just changeing, be increased in counter-rotating described rotor from pole center axle electric angle.
In addition, permanent-magnet synchronous electric motor of the present invention is characterised in that described flux regulator unit reduces the magnetic resistance that is in the q axle iron core of positive veer with respect to the d axle, increases the magnetic resistance that is in the q axle iron core of reverse directions with respect to the d axle.
In addition, permanent-magnet synchronous electric motor of the present invention is characterised in that described flux regulator unit reduces the magnetic resistance of the q axle iron core of the leading side that is in direction of rotation, increases the magnetic resistance of the q axle iron core of the hysteresis side that is in direction of rotation.
Have, permanent-magnet synchronous electric motor of the present invention is characterised in that this flux regulator unit has emptying aperture again, and this emptying aperture only is arranged on the q axle iron core of the hysteresis side that is in direction of rotation.
Have, permanent-magnet synchronous electric motor of the present invention is characterised in that again, described permanent magnet is the shape of symmetry with respect to the d axle, and described flux regulator unit has emptying aperture, and this emptying aperture only is arranged on the q axle iron core of the hysteresis side that is in described permanent magnet direction of rotation.
Have again, permanent-magnet synchronous electric motor of the present invention is characterised in that, described permanent magnet is the shape of symmetry with respect to the d axle, and described flux regulator unit has: notch is formed on the outer peripheral face of the q axle iron core of the leading side that is in described permanent magnet direction of rotation and hysteresis side; And emptying aperture, only be arranged on the q axle iron core of the hysteresis side that is in described permanent magnet direction of rotation.
Have again, permanent-magnet synchronous electric motor of the present invention is characterised in that, described permanent magnet is the shape of symmetry with respect to the d axle, and described flux regulator unit has notch, and this notch is formed on the outer peripheral face of the q axle iron core of the hysteresis side that is in described permanent magnet direction of rotation.
Have again, permanent-magnet synchronous electric motor of the present invention is characterised in that, described permanent magnet is the shape of symmetry with respect to the d axle, and described flux regulator unit has: notch is formed on the outer peripheral face of the q axle iron core of the hysteresis side that is in described permanent magnet direction of rotation; And emptying aperture, be arranged on q axle iron core.
According to the present invention, the situation at drive multipole permanent-magnet synchronous electric motor with low speed high torque, big electric current energising can reduce the leakage flux of groove, and as the useful flux utilization, therefore, can provide a kind of high torque (HT), high performance permanent-magnet synchronous electric motor.
In addition, according to the present invention, driving under the situation of multipole permanent-magnet synchronous electric motor with low speed high torque, big electric current energising, can only increase the armature flux when just changeing, just increase useful flux, therefore, can provide a kind of high torque (HT) and high performance permanent-magnet synchronous electric motor.
Description of drawings
Fig. 1 is the diametric(al) profile of the stator slot of the permanent-magnet synchronous electric motor that relates to of the 1st embodiment of the present invention.
Fig. 2 is the armature winding allocation plan of the permanent-magnet synchronous electric motor that relates to of the 1st embodiment of the present invention.
Fig. 3 is the diametric(al) profile of the permanent-magnet synchronous electric motor that relates to of the 1st embodiment of the present invention.
Fig. 4 is the diametric(al) profile of the stator slot that relates to of prior art.
Fig. 5 is the measurement result with respect to the slot leakage flux of groove internal diameter direction position.
Fig. 6 is the measurement result with respect to the average torque of current phase.
Fig. 7 is the diametric(al) profile of the stator slot of the permanent-magnet synchronous electric motor that relates to of the 2nd embodiment of the present invention.
Fig. 8 is the armature winding allocation plan that the 2nd embodiment of the present invention relates to.
Fig. 9 is the armature winding allocation plan of the permanent-magnet synchronous electric motor that relates to of the 3rd embodiment of the present invention.
Figure 10 is the diametric(al) profile of the permanent-magnet synchronous electric motor that relates to of the 3rd embodiment of the present invention.
Figure 11 is the schematic diagram of the basic structure of expression permanent-magnet synchronous electric motor of the present invention.
Figure 12 is the schematic diagram of the cross section of expression permanent-magnet synchronous electric motor of the present invention.
Figure 13 is the fragmentary cross-sectional view of the radial direction of the rotor magnetic pole department that relates to of embodiments of the invention 4.
Figure 14 is the profile of expression embodiments of the invention 4 rotors.
Figure 15 is the schematic diagram of the q axle magnetic flux in the conventional example.
Figure 16 is the schematic diagram of the q axle magnetic flux that relates to of embodiments of the invention 4.
Figure 17 is with respect to the curve of the average torque of current phase when representing just to change.
Figure 18 is when counter-rotating expression curve with respect to the average torque of current phase.
Figure 19 is the fragmentary cross-sectional view of the rotor magnetic pole department that relates to of embodiments of the invention 5.
Figure 20 is the fragmentary cross-sectional view of the rotor magnetic pole department that relates to of embodiments of the invention 6.
Figure 21 is the fragmentary cross-sectional view of the rotor magnetic pole department that relates to of embodiments of the invention 7.
Figure 22 is the fragmentary cross-sectional view of the rotor magnetic pole department that relates to of embodiments of the invention 8.
Figure 23 is the fragmentary cross-sectional view of the rotor magnetic pole department that relates to of embodiments of the invention 9.
Figure 24 is the fragmentary cross-sectional view of the rotor magnetic pole department that relates to of embodiments of the invention 10.
Figure 25 is the fragmentary cross-sectional view of the rotor magnetic pole department that relates to of embodiments of the invention 11.
Figure 26 is the fragmentary cross-sectional view of the rotor magnetic pole department that relates to of embodiments of the invention 12.
Figure 27 is the schematic diagram of the servo drive system that relates to of embodiments of the invention 13.
Among the figure:
1 stator
2 stator cores
3 grooves
4 armature winding
5 teeth
6 pole pieces
7 channel opening portions
8,101 rotors
9,102 rotor cores
10 magnet patchholes
11 permanent magnets
12,107
103,203 magnet patchholes
104,204 permanent magnets
105,205,305 emptying apertures
106,206 notchs
Embodiment
Below, with reference to accompanying drawing one embodiment of the present of invention are described.
[embodiment 1]
Fig. 1 is the diametric(al) profile of the stator slot of the permanent-magnet synchronous electric motor that relates to of the 1st embodiment of the present invention.In addition, Fig. 2 represents the armature winding allocation plan of the permanent-magnet synchronous electric motor that the 1st embodiment of the present invention relates to, Fig. 3 represents the diametric(al) profile of the permanent-magnet synchronous electric motor that the 1st embodiment of the present invention relates to, and Fig. 4 represents the diametric(al) profile of stator slot of the prior art.In addition, Fig. 5 represents the measurement result of slot leakage flux with respect to groove internal diameter direction position, and Fig. 6 represents the measurement result of average torque with respect to current phase.
In Fig. 3, rotor 8 constitutes: the inside of the rotor core 9 that on axle 12, is provided with, dispose the permanent magnet 11 of a plurality of magnet patchholes 10 and portion's setting within it, and make that number of magnetic poles is 24 utmost points.At this, permanent magnet 11 is to be the flat sintered magnet of main component with the terres rares, is inserted in respectively in the magnet patchhole 10.
In Fig. 1 and Fig. 3, stator 1 is provided with a plurality of stator slots (in the present embodiment being 54) that stator core 2 is provided with.This groove 3 is a constant width with respect to diametric(al), just the width dimensions of trench bottom is made as Wsb, when all side width dimensions are made as Wst in the groove, and each self-forming shape about equally should form identical shape ideally.In addition, the bottom 3A of groove 3 forms circular-arc as radius of 1/2 length of well width Wsb.In addition, all sides in groove come off in order to prevent armature winding 4 (by bottom coil 4A, go up coil 4B form), are provided with pole piece 6 at interior all side ends of the tooth 5 adjacent with groove 3.Between this pole piece 6, have channel opening portion 7, thereby form armature winding 4 by inserting copper cash from this channel opening portion 7.
At this, the width that makes groove 3 is under the constant situation of diametric(al), because along with the narrowed width near diameter of stator bore side tooth 5, so the magnetic circuit cross-sectional area dwindles and might cause deterioration in characteristics.But, as shown in this embodiment, be set at 0.75, thereby can guarantee the width of tooth 5 abundances by groove number with every extremely every phase, therefore can not bring harmful effect to characteristic.To this, confirm by experiment to need only the groove number of every extremely every phase in 0.5～2 scope, be that 0.75 situation can not brought harmful effect to characteristic equally just with every extremely every groove number mutually, but the groove number of every extremely every phase be 0.5 or the fluctuation of torque in 1.0 o'clock increase, and the groove number of every extremely every phase to be the mechanical strength of 2.0 o'clock teeth 5 have the tendency that dies down.The groove number of every extremely every phase is under 0.75 the situation, also has the number of poles of permanent-magnet synchronous electric motor to set to be limited to the shortcoming of 4 the multiple utmost point, but considers that from the characteristic aspect 0.75 is proper.
In addition,, when low speed high torque drives, can relax the stress that the counter-force because of the torque that puts on tooth 5 causes and concentrate, improve mechanical strength by trench bottom 3A being formed with circular-arc as radius of 1/2 length of well width Wsb.
In Fig. 1, Fig. 2, in groove 3, be provided with the armature winding 4 of corresponding U phase coil, V phase coil, each phase of W phase coil respectively.As mentioned above, the mode of each coil above coil 4B, bottom coil 4A in groove 3 is configured to 2 layers, and thoroughly do away with edge copper cash (not shown) thereby fasciculation shape single line circle for last coil 4B, bottom coil 4A by making, the coil more than one of reeling at least separately among last coil 4B, the bottom coil 4A more.At this, the cross sectional shape of preferred insulated copper wire uses extensively general circular copper wire of market, but also can be to use the structure of square line.
Constitute under the situation of permanent-magnet synchronous electric motor like this, have following effect.
Experimental result shows in Fig. 5, and with respect to the slot leakage flux of groove internal diameter direction position as shown in phantom in FIG., the interior all side channel magnetic leakage fluxes near groove 3 become many more in the prior art.This be because: as shown in Figure 4, when driving multipole permanent-magnet synchronous electric motor with low speed high torque in the past, design philosophy is to guarantee the magnetic circuit cross-sectional area of tooth 5, does one's utmost to utilize useful flux, and the width dimensions Wsb with respect to trench bottom sets all side width dimensions Wst in the groove less like this.But, when driving multipole permanent-magnet synchronous electric motor, owing to connect big electric current, so in groove under the less situation of all side width dimensions Wst, increase in the magnetic leakage flux of this part transection slot 3 with low speed high torque.
For this reason, implement to obtain the characteristic shown in the solid line among Fig. 5 under the situation of same experiment, can significantly reduce magnetic leakage flux with respect to groove internal diameter direction position at the permanent-magnet synchronous electric motor of the described structure of Fig. 1～Fig. 3.This effect is as can be known, equates with all side width dimensions Wst in the groove to produce by the width dimensions Wsb that makes trench bottom as shown in Figure 1.
This be because: by increasing all side width dimensions Wst in the groove, can increase the magnetic resistance of all sides in the groove.
Its result as shown in Figure 6, can improve as average torque about more than 5%, even if this tendency of different current phases also is constant.In other words,, current value is reduced more than 5%, can reduce about more than 10% as producing copper loss in the armature winding if export same torque.
In view of this result, by forming stator structure shown in Figure 1, can reduce the magnetic flux revealed in the groove and, thereby can provide characteristic good permanent-magnet synchronous electric motor as the useful flux utilization.
[embodiment 2]
Fig. 7 represents the diametric(al) profile of the stator slot of the permanent-magnet synchronous electric motor that the 2nd embodiment of the present invention relates to, and Fig. 8 represents the armature winding allocation plan that the 2nd embodiment of the present invention relates to.
In Fig. 7, Fig. 8,, therefore omit repeat specification owing to the part with Fig. 1～Fig. 3 prosign is the parts of same structure key element.
This structure is with the difference of Fig. 1～Fig. 3, pole piece 6 only is arranged on the leading side of direction of rotation with respect to groove 3.
If constitute like this, not only obtain the effect identical, and big torque is when turning round with Fig. 1～Fig. 3, exist the slit magnetic flux with respect to the past leading oblique trend of inclination of direction of rotation, therefore, help the flux component of torque to obtain increasing, can further improve the performance of permanent-magnet synchronous electric motor.
[embodiment 3]
Fig. 9 represents the armature winding allocation plan of the permanent-magnet synchronous electric motor that the 3rd embodiment of the present invention relates to, and Figure 10 represents the diametric(al) profile of the synchronous electrode of permanent magnet that the 3rd embodiment of the present invention relates to.
In Fig. 9, Figure 10,, therefore omit repeat specification owing to be the parts of identical structural element with the part of Fig. 2, Fig. 3 prosign.
The difference of this structure and Fig. 2, Fig. 3 is, the groove number of every extremely every phase is set at 1.5.
Constitute like this, also can the acquisition effect identical, and the number of poles of permanent-magnet synchronous electric motor can also be set for 2 the multiple utmost point with Fig. 2, Fig. 3, therefore, be 0.75 situation with respect to the groove number of every extremely every phase, there is the further advantage of increase of design freedom.
More than, according to embodiments of the invention, at situation with low speed high torque, the big multipole permanent-magnet synchronous electric motor of current drives, can reduce the leakage flux of groove, and apply flexibly as useful flux, therefore, can provide high torque (HT), high performance permanent-magnet synchronous electric motor.
Next, the basic structure of the present invention to other describes.Figure 11 is the schematic diagram of the schematic configuration of expression permanent-magnet synchronous electric motor of the present invention, and Figure 12 is the schematic diagram of the cross section of the above-mentioned permanent-magnet synchronous electric motor of expression.In Figure 11, Figure 12, the rotor 120 with axle 110 of permanent-magnet synchronous electric motor M possesses rotor core 130, inserts permanent magnet 140 in the periphery of rotor core 130.With rotor 120 mutually in the face of being provided with stator core 180, stator core 180 has tooth 150, stator slot 160, armature winding 170.End at axle 10 is provided with position detector 90.These equipment is accommodated in the housing 100 of permanent-magnet synchronous electric motor.Below, with reference to accompanying drawing embodiments of the invention are described.
[embodiment 4]
Figure 13 is based on the radial direction profile of rotor magnetic pole department of the permanent-magnet synchronous electric motor of the 4th embodiment of the present invention.In addition, Figure 14 is the profile of expression rotor structure.Figure 15 is the schematic diagram of expression based on the q axle magnetic flux of prior art, and Figure 16 is the schematic diagram of expression based on the q axle magnetic flux of embodiment 1.In addition, Figure 17 is the curve chart of expression measurement result of the average torque of current phase when just changeing, and Figure 18 is the curve chart of expression measurement result of the average torque of current phase during with respect to counter-rotating.
In Figure 13, Figure 14, rotor 101 constitutes: in the inside that is arranged at the rotor core 102 on the axle 107, dispose a plurality of permanent magnet patchholes 103 and its inner permanent magnet 104 that is provided with, making its number of magnetic poles is 24.In addition, permanent magnet 104 is a main component with the terres rares, it is the sintered magnet that has roughly along the semicylinder shape of the round-formed circular-arc periphery of rotor core 102 peripheries, the magnetic pole axle of permanent magnet 104 is made as the d axle, will be made as under the situation of q axle from be separated by 90 ° position of d axle electric angle, and permanent magnet 104 is to insert magnet patchhole 103 respectively with respect to d axle mode of left and right symmetry.
In addition, when the direction of rotation of rotor 101 was set at illustrated counter clockwise direction, the part adjacent with the permanent magnet of the q axle iron core that is positioned at the hysteresis side with respect to direction of rotation was provided with emptying aperture 105.Simultaneously, the peripheral part at q axle iron core is provided with notch 106.In addition, compare with the C-C center line of the thickness direction of permanent magnet 104, the radial direction position configuration of configuration emptying aperture 105 is at outer circumferential side.
Constitute like this under the situation of permanent-magnet synchronous electric motor, when the shape of cross section of permanent magnet 104 is formed the semicylinder shape,, therefore can utilize the magnetic flux of permanent magnet 104 more owing to can obtain bigger surface area at the rotor outer peripheral face.In addition, be provided in the notch 106 of q axle iron core peripheral part, thereby can block 104 magnetic fluxs that spill of the different adjacent permanent magnet of polarity, can utilize more magnet magnetic flux by setting.
In Figure 15, Figure 16, the armature flux Φ a that flows into from stator flows into the q axle iron core that is in leading side with respect to direction of rotation.Under the situation of existing example shown in Figure 15, owing to all dispose emptying aperture 105 with respect to direction of rotation in leading side, hysteresis side, the armature flux when therefore just changeing becomes the magnetic loop that hindered by emptying aperture 105.On the other hand, when the structure of Figure 16, armature flux of the prior art is made as Φ a1, the armature flux among the present invention is made as under the situation of Φ a2, obtain the magnetic field analysis result of Φ a1＜Φ a2.That is to say, because emptying aperture 105 is not set, so can increase armature flux at the q axle iron core of the leading side of direction of rotation.
In order to verify above-mentioned magnetic field analysis result, average torque is carried out actual measurement with respect to the variation of current phase, obtained the result shown in the curve of Figure 17, Figure 18.In Figure 17, the torque characteristics in the time of can confirming just changeing with respect to prior art is maximum can improve about more than 5%.In other words, if export same torque, current value can be reduced more than 5%, the copper loss that produces in the armature winding (not shown) can reduce about more than 10%.Hence one can see that, and embodiment 4 improves for average torque and plays great role.
On the other hand, by the result of Figure 18 as can be known, the torque characteristics during counter-rotating just changes, does not all have when reversing to change in the prior art, slightly descends with respect to prior art among the present invention.This be because: in the structure of embodiment 4, when counter-rotating emptying aperture 105 be present in and become the magnetic loop structure that hinders armature flux on the q axle iron core.Under this situation,, therefore can reduce the induced electromotive force of motor, have the advantage that can improve the rotating speed that can turn round owing to can reduce the magnetic flux in when counter-rotating.
Other purposes as the embodiment 4 with this feature can be used for stamping machine.That is to say that (when just transporting) effectively utilizes bigger torque when punching, moulding, make metal die be back to initial position rapidly with the height rotation after the punching, have the effect that can reduce the activity duration.In addition, equally also can be used in elevator.That is to say that (when just changeing) needs bigger torque when promoting car, when decline, use torque greatly, thereby can make it with high-speed mobile owing to utilizing gravity so need not.Certainly in the construction implement of elevator etc., can utilize too.
As mentioned above,, can improve the torque characteristics when just changeing, can provide characteristic good permanent-magnet synchronous electric motor by forming the structure of transfering from one department to another shown in Figure 13.
[embodiment 5]
Figure 19 represents the radial direction profile of the rotor magnetic pole department of the permanent-magnet synchronous electric motor that the 5th embodiment of the present invention relates to.In following embodiment, for investing same-sign, and omit repeat specification with embodiment 4 same structure key elements.This structure is with the difference of Figure 13, Figure 14, notch 106 only is arranged on the leading side of direction of rotation with respect to magnet patchhole 103.
If constitute like this, not only acquisition and Figure 13, the same effect of Figure 14 can also further increase the flux component that helps torque, can further improve the performance of permanent-magnet synchronous electric motor.
[embodiment 6]
Figure 20 represents the radial direction profile of the rotor magnetic pole department of the permanent-magnet synchronous electric motor that the 6th embodiment of the present invention relates to.This structure is to have removed notch with the difference of Figure 13, Figure 14.
If constitute like this, with respect to Figure 13, Figure 14, although 14 leakage fluxs of permanent magnet increase, torque characteristics descends, and can improve the maximum speed that can turn round and the mechanical strength of rotor.
[embodiment 7]
Figure 21 represents the radial direction profile of the rotor magnetic pole department of the permanent-magnet synchronous electric motor that the 7th embodiment of the present invention relates to.This structure is with the difference of Figure 13, Figure 14, has structurally removed notch, and the shape of emptying aperture 205 is expanded as square configuration.
If constitute like this, can do one's utmost to prevent the leakage flux of 104 of permanent magnets, can also increase the armature flux that flows into q axle iron core simultaneously, can further increase the flux component that helps torque, can further improve the performance of permanent-magnet synchronous electric motor.
[embodiment 8]
Figure 22 represents the radial direction profile of the rotor magnetic pole department of the permanent-magnet synchronous electric motor that the 8th embodiment of the present invention relates to.This structure is with the difference of Figure 21, has further enlarged the cross-sectional area of emptying aperture 205.Under this situation, the center of emptying aperture 305 is arranged on outer circumferential side with respect to the radial direction center line of permanent magnet 104.
If constitute like this, not only obtain the effect identical, owing to can also reduce the magnetic flux when reversing, the maximum (top) speed in the time of therefore can increasing counter-rotating with Figure 21.
[embodiment 9]
Figure 23 represents the radial direction profile of the rotor magnetic pole department of the permanent-magnet synchronous electric motor that the 9th embodiment of the present invention relates to.This structure is that with Figure 13, Figure 14 difference the cross section that makes magnet patchhole 203 and permanent magnet 204 is square.
Constitute like this, not only also can acquisition and the same effect of Figure 13, Figure 14, because can also make permanent magnet 204 moulding, therefore can significantly reduce the manufacturing procedure number by simple cutting etc., help the cost reduction.
[embodiment 10]
Figure 24 represents the radial direction profile of the rotor magnetic pole department of the permanent-magnet synchronous electric motor that the 10th embodiment of the present invention relates to.This structure is that with the difference of Figure 19 the cross sectional shape that makes permanent magnet 204 is square.
Constitute like this, not only obtain and the roughly the same effect of Figure 19,, therefore help cost to reduce owing to can also significantly cut down the manufacturing procedure number of permanent magnet 204.
[embodiment 11]
Figure 25 represents the radial direction profile of the rotor magnetic pole department of the permanent-magnet synchronous electric motor that the 11st embodiment of the present invention relates to.This structure is that with the difference of Figure 21 the cross sectional shape that makes permanent magnet 204 is square.
Constitute like this, not only obtain and the same effect of Figure 21,, therefore help cost to reduce owing to can also cut down the manufacturing procedure number of permanent magnet 204.
[embodiment 12]
Figure 26 represents the radial direction profile of the rotor magnetic pole department of the permanent-magnet synchronous electric motor that the 12nd embodiment of the present invention relates to.This structure is that with the difference of Figure 22 the cross sectional shape that makes permanent magnet 204 is square.
Constitute like this, not only obtain and the same effect of Figure 22,, therefore help cost to reduce owing to can also cut down the manufacturing procedure number of permanent magnet 204.
[embodiment 13]
Figure 27 is the schematic diagram of the servo drive system that relates to of expression the 13rd embodiment of the present invention.Drive processing unit (plant) 230 by the servomotor 210 that has utilized permanent-magnet synchronous electric motor of the present invention via ball-screw 220.In addition, have the encoder 240 that on the rotating shaft of servomotor 210, is provided with, servomotor 210 carried out the driving control device 150 of drive controlling.
More than, according to the present invention,,, therefore can provide high torque (HT), high performance permanent-magnet synchronous electric motor owing to the armature flux useful flux that can increase when just changeing at situation with low speed high torque, the big multipole permanent-magnet synchronous electric motor of current drives.
Claims (24)
1. a permanent-magnet synchronous electric motor is characterized in that,
Possess: stator, relative with this stator dispose and be supported for can rotor rotated across the gap,
Described rotor possesses rotor core and a plurality of permanent magnet, and the permanent magnet that these a plurality of permanent magnets are inserted in the inside formation of this rotor core inserts in the hole,
Described stator possesses: stator core; A plurality of stator slots in this stator core setting; The tooth adjacent with this groove; With in stator slot, be provided with by U mutually, the armature winding of V phase, W phase composition,
Described groove relative diameter direction has constant width,
And the A/F of this groove and the width of this groove are roughly the same.
2. a permanent-magnet synchronous electric motor is characterized in that,
Possess: stator, relative with this stator dispose and be supported for can rotor rotated across the gap,
Described rotor possesses rotor core and a plurality of permanent magnet, and the permanent magnet that these a plurality of permanent magnets are inserted in the inside formation of this rotor core inserts in the hole,
Described stator possesses: stator core; A plurality of stator slots in this stator core setting; The tooth adjacent with this groove; With in stator slot, be provided with by U mutually, the armature winding of V phase, W phase composition,
Described groove relative diameter direction has constant width,
And the described tooth adjacent with the both sides of this groove has pole piece, and this pole piece extends at Zhou Fangxiang towards the center of well width from interior all side ends,
The peristome of this groove is configured between the described pole piece.
3. a permanent-magnet synchronous electric motor is characterized in that,
Possess: stator, relative with this stator dispose and be supported for can rotor rotated across the gap,
Described rotor possesses rotor core and a plurality of permanent magnet, and the permanent magnet that these a plurality of permanent magnets are inserted in the inside formation of this rotor core inserts in the hole,
Described stator possesses: stator core; A plurality of stator slots in this stator core setting; The tooth adjacent with this groove; With in stator slot, be provided with by U mutually, the armature winding of V phase, W phase composition,
Described groove relative diameter direction has constant width, and 1/2 length that the bottom of this groove forms with well width is the circular-arc of radius,
The described tooth adjacent with the both sides of this groove has pole piece, and this pole piece extends at Zhou Fangxiang towards the center of well width from interior all side ends,
The peristome of this groove is configured between the described pole piece.
4. a permanent-magnet synchronous electric motor is characterized in that,
Possess: stator, relative with this stator dispose and be supported for can rotor rotated across the gap,
Described rotor possesses rotor core and a plurality of permanent magnet, and the permanent magnet that these a plurality of permanent magnets are inserted in the inside formation of this rotor core inserts in the hole,
Described stator possesses: stator core; A plurality of stator slots in this stator core setting; The tooth adjacent with this groove; With in stator slot, be provided with by U mutually, the armature winding of V phase, W phase composition,
Described groove relative diameter direction has constant width,
Have pole piece with respect to this groove at the adjacent described tooth of the leading side of rotating magnetic field, this pole piece from interior all side ends towards extending at Zhou Fangxiang with respect to described groove all side ends in the adjacent tooth of the hysteresis side of rotating magnetic field,
The peristome of this groove is configured between described pole piece and the tooth ends.
5. a permanent-magnet synchronous electric motor is characterized in that,
Possess: stator, relative with this stator dispose and be supported for can rotor rotated across the gap,
Described rotor possesses rotor core and a plurality of permanent magnet, and the permanent magnet that these a plurality of permanent magnets are inserted in the inside formation of this rotor core inserts in the hole,
Described stator possesses: stator core; A plurality of stator slots in this stator core setting; The tooth adjacent with this groove; With in stator slot, be provided with by U mutually, the armature winding of V phase, W phase composition,
Described groove relative diameter direction has constant width, and 1/2 length that the bottom of this groove forms with well width is the circular-arc of radius,
Have pole piece with respect to this groove at the adjacent described tooth of the leading side of rotating magnetic field, this pole piece from interior all side ends towards extending at Zhou Fangxiang with respect to described groove all side ends in the adjacent tooth of the hysteresis side of rotating magnetic field,
The peristome of this groove is configured between described pole piece and the tooth ends.
6. according to described any one permanent-magnet synchronous electric motor of claim 2 to 5, it is characterized in that,
This channel opening width does not reach 1.0 with respect to the ratio of described well width.
7. according to described any one permanent-magnet synchronous electric motor of claim 1 to 5, it is characterized in that,
Described armature winding is that the copper cash that thoroughly do away with edge constitute pencil more, and the armature winding of this pencil possesses more than 1 in described groove at least.
8. permanent-magnet synchronous electric motor according to claim 7 is characterized in that,
The cross sectional shape of described copper cash is circular or square.
9. according to described any one permanent-magnet synchronous electric motor of claim 1 to 8, it is characterized in that,
The described groove number that possesses in the described stator be every extremely every be 0.5～2 scope mutually.
10. a servo drive system is characterized in that,
Possess: as the servomotor of controlling object, with the driving mechanism of described servomotor mechanical connection,
In having the servo drive system of driving control device, described servomotor is described any one permanent-magnet synchronous electric motor of claim 1 to 8, and this driving control device carries out drive controlling according to the Control Parameter of setting to described servomotor.
11. a permanent-magnet synchronous electric motor,
Have: stator, it has stator core and armature winding, and this stator core has a plurality of grooves and tooth, and this armature winding is arranged in the described groove by U phase, V phase, W phase composition; And rotor, it has rotor core and a plurality of permanent magnet, and the permanent magnet that these a plurality of permanent magnets are inserted in the inside formation of this rotor core inserts in the hole, and described rotor disposes across the gap relatively in interior all sides of described stator, and be supported for and can rotate,
Be provided with the flux regulator unit at described rotor core, it is made as the d axle, will departs from 90 ° axle when being made as the q axle from pole center axle electric angle at the pole center axle with described rotor, reduces when making the magnetic flux that flows through the q axle be increased in counter-rotating when just changeing.
12. permanent-magnet synchronous electric motor according to claim 11 is characterized in that,
Described flux regulator unit reduces the magnetic resistance that is in the q axle iron core of positive veer with respect to the d axle, increases the magnetic resistance that is in the q axle iron core of reverse directions with respect to the d axle.
13. permanent-magnet synchronous electric motor according to claim 11 is characterized in that,
Described flux regulator unit reduces the magnetic resistance of the q axle iron core of the leading side that is in direction of rotation, increases the magnetic resistance of the q axle iron core of the hysteresis side that is in direction of rotation.
14. permanent-magnet synchronous electric motor according to claim 13 is characterized in that,
Described flux regulator unit has emptying aperture, and this emptying aperture only is arranged on the q axle iron core of the hysteresis side that is in direction of rotation.
15. permanent-magnet synchronous electric motor according to claim 13 is characterized in that,
Described permanent magnet is the shape of symmetry with respect to the d axle, and described flux regulator unit has emptying aperture, and this emptying aperture only is arranged on the q axle iron core of the hysteresis side that is in described permanent magnet direction of rotation.
16. permanent-magnet synchronous electric motor according to claim 13 is characterized in that,
Described permanent magnet is the shape of symmetry with respect to the d axle, and described flux regulator unit has: notch is formed on the outer peripheral face of the q axle iron core of the leading side that is in described permanent magnet direction of rotation and hysteresis side; And emptying aperture, only be arranged on the q axle iron core of the hysteresis side that is in described permanent magnet direction of rotation.
17. permanent-magnet synchronous electric motor according to claim 13 is characterized in that,
Described permanent magnet is the shape of symmetry with respect to the d axle, and described flux regulator unit has notch, and this notch is formed on the outer peripheral face of the q axle iron core of the hysteresis side that is in described permanent magnet direction of rotation.
18. permanent-magnet synchronous electric motor according to claim 13 is characterized in that,
Described permanent magnet is the shape of symmetry with respect to the d axle, and described flux regulator unit has: notch is formed on the outer peripheral face of the q axle iron core of the hysteresis side that is in described permanent magnet direction of rotation; And emptying aperture, be arranged on q axle iron core.
19. according to claim 14,15,16,18 described any one permanent-magnet synchronous electric motor, it is characterized in that,
The radial direction cross sectional shape of described emptying aperture is square.
20. according to claim 14,15,16,18 described any one permanent-magnet synchronous electric motor, it is characterized in that,
The radial direction cross sectional shape of described emptying aperture is circular.
21. according to claim 14,15,16,18 described any one permanent-magnet synchronous electric motor, it is characterized in that,
Compare with the central portion of described permanent magnet thickness direction, the centre of described emptying aperture is in outer circumferential side, and the radial direction length of described emptying aperture is less than the thickness of described permanent magnet.
22. according to described any one permanent-magnet synchronous electric motor of claim 11 to 21, it is characterized in that,
The radial direction cross sectional shape of described permanent magnet is the semicylinder shape.
23. according to described any one permanent-magnet synchronous electric motor of claim 11 to 21, it is characterized in that,
The radial direction cross sectional shape of described permanent magnet is square.
24. a servo drive system is characterized in that,
Possess: as the servomotor of controlling object, with the driving mechanism of described servomotor mechanical connection,
In having the servo drive system of driving control device, described servomotor is described any one permanent-magnet synchronous electric motor of claim 11 to 23, and this driving control device carries out drive controlling according to the Control Parameter of setting to described servomotor.
Applications Claiming Priority (5)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| JP2008192990A JP2010035294A (en) | 2008-07-28 | 2008-07-28 | Permanent magnet synchronous motor |
| JP2008-192990 | 2008-07-28 | ||
| JP2008326697A JP2010154583A (en) | 2008-12-23 | 2008-12-23 | Permanent magnet synchronous motor |
| JP2008-326697 | 2008-12-23 | ||
| PCT/JP2009/003544 WO2010013444A1 (en) | 2008-07-28 | 2009-07-28 | Permanent magnet synchronous motor |
Publications (1)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| CN102106058A true CN102106058A (en) | 2011-06-22 |
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Family Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN2009801294847A Pending CN102106058A (en) | 2008-07-28 | 2009-07-28 | Permanent magnet synchronous motor |
Country Status (2)
| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| CN (1) | CN102106058A (en) |
| WO (1) | WO2010013444A1 (en) |
Cited By (2)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN102664504A (en) * | 2012-05-09 | 2012-09-12 | 哈尔滨工业大学 | Polyphase permanent magnet motor with leakage reactance adjustable structure |
| CN112865362A (en) * | 2020-12-28 | 2021-05-28 | 珠海格力电器股份有限公司 | Rotor core assembly, rotor and motor |
Families Citing this family (4)
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|---|---|---|---|---|
| DE102012222446A1 (en) * | 2012-12-06 | 2014-06-12 | Robert Bosch Gmbh | Wheel hub machine, single track vehicle |
| CN103956872B (en) * | 2014-04-25 | 2018-07-20 | 联合汽车电子有限公司 | Permanent magnet synchronous motor and its rotor |
| JP7331380B2 (en) * | 2019-02-26 | 2023-08-23 | 株式会社Ihi | stator |
| US20220104543A1 (en) | 2020-09-04 | 2022-04-07 | Nicoventures Trading Limited | Child-resistant container for tobacco-containing products |
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| JPS55147933A (en) * | 1979-05-02 | 1980-11-18 | Mitsubishi Electric Corp | Rotor |
| JPH0556617A (en) * | 1991-08-22 | 1993-03-05 | Fanuc Ltd | Stator for synchronous motor |
| US5804896A (en) * | 1994-12-21 | 1998-09-08 | Seiko Seiki Kabushiki Kaisha | High speed spindle motor and apparatus equipped with high speed spindle motor |
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| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
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| JP2005027369A (en) * | 2003-06-30 | 2005-01-27 | Hitachi Ltd | Motor |
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| JPS55147933A (en) * | 1979-05-02 | 1980-11-18 | Mitsubishi Electric Corp | Rotor |
| JPH0556617A (en) * | 1991-08-22 | 1993-03-05 | Fanuc Ltd | Stator for synchronous motor |
| US5804896A (en) * | 1994-12-21 | 1998-09-08 | Seiko Seiki Kabushiki Kaisha | High speed spindle motor and apparatus equipped with high speed spindle motor |
| JP2005304166A (en) * | 2004-04-09 | 2005-10-27 | Toyota Industries Corp | Stator core of rotary electric machine |
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| CN102664504A (en) * | 2012-05-09 | 2012-09-12 | 哈尔滨工业大学 | Polyphase permanent magnet motor with leakage reactance adjustable structure |
| CN112865362A (en) * | 2020-12-28 | 2021-05-28 | 珠海格力电器股份有限公司 | Rotor core assembly, rotor and motor |
| CN112865362B (en) * | 2020-12-28 | 2022-03-18 | 珠海格力电器股份有限公司 | Rotor core assembly, rotor and motor |
Also Published As
| Publication number | Publication date |
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| WO2010013444A1 (en) | 2010-02-04 |
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