CN102105568A - Integrated biomass fuel gas generating system - Google Patents

Integrated biomass fuel gas generating system Download PDF

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Publication number
CN102105568A
CN102105568A CN2007801014264A CN200780101426A CN102105568A CN 102105568 A CN102105568 A CN 102105568A CN 2007801014264 A CN2007801014264 A CN 2007801014264A CN 200780101426 A CN200780101426 A CN 200780101426A CN 102105568 A CN102105568 A CN 102105568A
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China
Prior art keywords
fuel gas
gas generating
ash
generating system
air
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CN2007801014264A
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Chinese (zh)
Inventor
卢奕昌
印可
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Jiangxi Peako Biomass Energy Co ltd
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Jiangxi Peako Biomass Energy Co ltd
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Publication of CN102105568A publication Critical patent/CN102105568A/en
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    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
    • C10K—PURIFYING OR MODIFYING THE CHEMICAL COMPOSITION OF COMBUSTIBLE GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE
    • C10K1/00—Purifying combustible gases containing carbon monoxide
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
    • C10J—PRODUCTION OF PRODUCER GAS, WATER-GAS, SYNTHESIS GAS FROM SOLID CARBONACEOUS MATERIAL, OR MIXTURES CONTAINING THESE GASES; CARBURETTING AIR OR OTHER GASES
    • C10J3/00—Production of combustible gases containing carbon monoxide from solid carbonaceous fuels
    • C10J3/46—Gasification of granular or pulverulent flues in suspension
    • C10J3/463—Gasification of granular or pulverulent flues in suspension in stationary fluidised beds
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
    • C10K—PURIFYING OR MODIFYING THE CHEMICAL COMPOSITION OF COMBUSTIBLE GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE
    • C10K1/00—Purifying combustible gases containing carbon monoxide
    • C10K1/02—Dust removal
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
    • C10K—PURIFYING OR MODIFYING THE CHEMICAL COMPOSITION OF COMBUSTIBLE GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE
    • C10K1/00—Purifying combustible gases containing carbon monoxide
    • C10K1/04—Purifying combustible gases containing carbon monoxide by cooling to condense non-gaseous materials
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
    • C10K—PURIFYING OR MODIFYING THE CHEMICAL COMPOSITION OF COMBUSTIBLE GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE
    • C10K1/00—Purifying combustible gases containing carbon monoxide
    • C10K1/08—Purifying combustible gases containing carbon monoxide by washing with liquids; Reviving the used wash liquors
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
    • C10J—PRODUCTION OF PRODUCER GAS, WATER-GAS, SYNTHESIS GAS FROM SOLID CARBONACEOUS MATERIAL, OR MIXTURES CONTAINING THESE GASES; CARBURETTING AIR OR OTHER GASES
    • C10J2200/00—Details of gasification apparatus
    • C10J2200/15—Details of feeding means
    • C10J2200/158—Screws
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
    • C10J—PRODUCTION OF PRODUCER GAS, WATER-GAS, SYNTHESIS GAS FROM SOLID CARBONACEOUS MATERIAL, OR MIXTURES CONTAINING THESE GASES; CARBURETTING AIR OR OTHER GASES
    • C10J2300/00—Details of gasification processes
    • C10J2300/09—Details of the feed, e.g. feeding of spent catalyst, inert gas or halogens
    • C10J2300/0913—Carbonaceous raw material
    • C10J2300/0916—Biomass
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02E—REDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
    • Y02E50/00—Technologies for the production of fuel of non-fossil origin
    • Y02E50/10—Biofuels, e.g. bio-diesel

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  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Combustion & Propulsion (AREA)
  • Oil, Petroleum & Natural Gas (AREA)
  • Organic Chemistry (AREA)
  • Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
  • General Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Processing Of Solid Wastes (AREA)

Abstract

An integrated biomass fuel gas generation system, includes raw material feeding system, fuel gas generating system, dedusting system, cooling and washing system, electrostatic tar removal system and pressure stabilizing system, all of which are sequentially connected according to fuel gas generating and processing order. Agricultural and forestry wastes, including stalk, rice hull and wood chip are transformed into low or medium caloric value biomass fuel gas by the technology of fluidized bed gasification and the obtained fuel gas is dedusted, cooled, washed and tar-removed sequentially, and clean biomass fuel gas is obtained. The system scale is decided according to the characteristics of the biomass materials. Rational use is thereby made of biomass energy and no secondary pollution to the environment is produced.

Description

Integrated biomass fuel gas generating system
Integrated biomass fuel gas generating system technical field
The present invention relates to a kind of system for converting biomass into combustion gas.Background technology
Environmental protection and energy shortage are the problem of countries in the world today are all suffered from, especially some larger economies, such as U.S., China, India, Japan, European Union, and situation is more sternly completed.In conventional art field, environmental problem is sharply conflicting with energy problem：On the one hand, conventional energy products do great damage during production with use to environment；On the other hand, expanding economy again can not be without reliable and stable energy supply.The mankind are queued in the oil product of petrol station waiting increasingly costliness again in the various natural calamities watched out for global dimization and occurred.Therefore, various countries are in recent years all in the positive novel environment friendly energy for finding replacement traditional energy.
Biomass energy is hardly impacted to environment in the production and use process as solar energy, wind energy, tide energy, geothermal energy, while being a kind of inexhaustible regenerative resource again, so increasingly being paid attention to by the mankind.But the mankind are really very short using the biomass energy time, experience lacks, to there are cognitive mistaken ideas using biomass energy：Such as it is believed that the bigger economic benefit of biomass energy project investment scale is better, the characteristics of biomass resource is scattered is ignored, develops distributed medium and small biomass energy source item in fact reasonable more than centralized development mega project.On the other hand, the biomass energy source item that some early stages build is inconsiderate because designing, technique imperfection, biomass material shortage occurs in running, system operation is unstable, manipulation strength is big, produce secondary pollution problems, so that have impact on the confidence of many people investment biomass energy source items.
Some relatively conventional biomass materials, such as rice husk, straw, shell, bagasse, wood chip, these agricultures, woods crop have formd large-scale industrial production cooked mode, therefore, fairly large processing enterprise is relied on to build corresponding Biomass Energy Utilization project, while rationally processing waste biomass materials, the energy required for production development is provided for enterprise again. How agriculture, woods abandoned biomass gasify and obtain the utilization of combustion gas reindustrialization, be always the problem of people expect solution, various attempt also was done before：
As the application for a patent for invention of Application No. 200610017108. 7, announcement is a kind of two-stage type biomass gasification stove.The general principle and model of this gasification furnace almost just occurred before more than 100 years, also once widely use during World War II, it is the most basic first step that biogas is melted into combustion gas using gasification furnace during biomass economy, and client is most concerned with how handling biological fuel gas, reaching can be with industrial utilization standard, and how to handle the environmentally friendly relevant issues such as the sewage produced in combustion gas processing procedure, wet ash, smell.But the patent only simple description gasification furnace principle, briefly touches upon calorific value, yield of combustion gas etc., is but theoretically unsound, how to be utilized after being produced to biological fuel gas out of gasification furnace, if need to be cooled down, clean, devoke and then owe to give without exception.
For another example Patent No. 200510043836. 0, denomination of invention is a kind of low-tar biomass gasifying method and device, and the patent, which is illustrated, separately carries out two processes of thermal cracking and gasification, so as to reduce the tar content of biological fuel gas.But the specific data not clear and definite its tar content of its " low " tar biological fuel gas in the patent document, which kind of Clean- mode of cooling to combustion gas is not illustrated, simply mentions gas cooler.The another invention adds additional pyrolysis apparatus external heat source for thermal cracking is separately carried out with gasification, the condition such as oxidant, and this undoubtedly has a greatly reduced quality to its economy and reliability.The patent does not illustrate that it utilizes scale, if the charging rate according to mentioned in patent content, its power output should be unable to be more than 50kW, therefore the patent is it may be said that a model under test, can not carry out industrial production and commercial operation at all.
Above-mentioned patent application and existing technology all more or less have problems with or deficiency：
1st, it is raw materials used be not 100% biomass energy, it is necessary to fill part coal dust as raw material；
2nd, in addition to biomass and air, gasification reaction also needs to other additives or catalyst；
3rd, external heat source is needed during gasification reaction；
4th, pure theory or Lab Products, can not temporarily carry out industrial production and commercial operation；
5th, critical data, such as consumption of raw materials amount, generator yield, exchangeability etc. are lacked； 6th, the concrete structure and shape of equipment are lacked, it is difficult to manufacture；
7th, some technology fields are confined to, lack overall consideration；
8th, supporting large area cesspool, wet ash cleaning is difficult, also has an impact to environment；
9th, to environmental issues such as wet ash, tar, sewage, peculiar smell without specific counter-measure.The content of the invention
Not enough for more than, the present invention is to provide the system problem produced by a kind of comprehensively solve biological fuel gas generation integrating process, there is provided the integrated biomass fuel gas generating system of the combustion gas of safety and environmental protection.
To achieve the above objectives, this integrated biomass fuel gas generating system of the invention, it is characterised in that：The system is connected with raw material feed system, fuel gas generating system, dust pelletizing system, cooling purging system, electrostatic decoking system, voltage-stabilizing system in turn by combustion gas generation and processing sequence, wherein, cooling purging system, raw material feed system are also connected with circular water treating system.
The raw material feed system includes the small feed bin that bottom is shrunk to conical opening, docked by switchable feed opening plate with hopper small feed bin bottom, small feed hopper bottom is connected with feed spiral device, and feed spiral device is connected with fuel gas generating system, can prevent tempering from causing danger.
Fuel gas generating system includes gas producer, and wherein gas producer bottom is connected provided with charging aperture and with feed spiral device, and bottom is connected across air distribution plate with air blower, and top is provided with blast tube mouthful.Gas producer lower end is provided with ash discharging hole, and ash discharging hole is connected with ash discharge screw.
Dust pelletizing system includes the cyclone dust collectors being connected with blast tube mouth, cyclone dust collectors bottom is connected by ash releasing tube with water cooling Blowing stopper, cyclone dust collectors are externally provided with air preheater, air preheater is connected with cavity of the cyclone dust collectors formation for air heat exchange, the air outlet of air preheater bottom with the air inlet of above-described air blower.
Cooling purging system includes the spraying cooling room that two-stage is arranged in order, first order spraying cooling room, which is provided with, to be used to increase the dividing plate of gas circulation passage, spraying cooling chamber interior walls and top are provided with spray head, turbulent flow purge chamber wide at the top and narrow at the bottom is provided with the porch of second level spraying cooling room, spray head is provided with the top of turbulent flow purge chamber, the drainpipe of two-stage spraying cooling room bottom is connected with water seal tank, and water seal tank is with being provided with The filtering trough connection of oil removal room and mud guard, the filtering trough other end is connected with circulating water pool, water in circulating water pool is delivered to spraying cooling room after being handled through heat exchanger, water seal tank, filtering trough, circulating water pool bottom are connected by ash-valve with ash discharge screw.
The ash hole lower end of ash discharge screw is provided with filter, and the wet ash of filtering is sent to roller drier, and dried lime-ash enters raw material feed system, and the moisture of filtering is sent to circulating water pool.
Electrostatic decoking system includes a cylinder, bottom is provided with the fuel gas inlet being connected with cooling purging system, if the fuel gas inlet top in cylinder is provided with dried layer air distribution plate, air distribution plate top is provided with high-pressure electrostatic coke removing appts, gas outlet and anti-explosion safety door are located at the top of cylinder, described high-pressure electrostatic coke removing appts include the porcelain insulator being fixed at the top of cylinder, some wire electrodes being suspended vertically being connected with porcelain insulator, every wire electrode, which is navigated within, is fixed on catching in burnt pipe on positioning orifice plate.
Voltage-stabilizing system is connected by roots blower with electrostatic decoking system, voltage-stabilizing system includes voltage stabilizing valve tower and the Safety water seal being attached thereto, wherein voltage stabilizing valve tower includes the fuel gas inlet being connected with electrostatic decoking system, the balance channel being connected with Safety water seal, located at the supply clean gas at top gas outlet and be located at bottom and be connected with the discharge outlet of draining valve, Safety water seal includes the tank body that top is provided with evacuated tube, one end is additionally provided with tank body to be connected with voltage stabilizing valve tower, the other end bend pipe that Open Side Down is located in tank body, tank body horizontal plane is higher than the lower end of bend pipe, evacuated tube openend is provided with electronic lighter.
Present invention additionally comprises monitoring system, monitoring system includes the temperature/pressure control device in fuel gas generating system, dust pelletizing system, cooling purging system, electrostatic decoking system and voltage-stabilizing system, combustion gas control device for oxygen content in electrostatic decoking system, the fuel gases calorific value control in voltage-stabilizing system.
With respect to the problems of foregoing invention and deficiency, the complete skill solution for occurring the present invention is to provide a kind of biological fuel gas and handling is compared, this explanation has the characteristics that compared with patented technology：
1st, any additive or catalyst are not required to using 100% biomass than air as raw material；
2nd, external heat source is not required to during gasification reaction, heat source for reaction is provided by biomass material itself；
3rd, industrialized production and commercial operation can be implemented, and have higher economic benefit；
4th, other civil engineerings are not needed to coordinate engineering in addition to simple device basis； 5th, tar in combustion gas is thoroughly cleaned by high-pressure electrostatic magnetic field；
The 6th, critical data and theory analysis, such as raw materials requirement amount, generator yield, exchangeability are provided；
7th, using standard module construction, product binding function, transport, installation consider comprehensively；
8th, total solution, covers raw material input, combustion gas generation, combustion gas dedusting, combustion gas cooling, combustion gas cleaning, fuel gas decoking, tri-state（Gu the gas of a liquid one）Offal treatment etc.；
9th, waste water treatment box is built on stilts is placed, and wet ash is discharged through bottom blow-down valve, and cleaning operation is easy；
10th, sewage whole Recyclings after precipitation, filtering, heat exchange cooling, without externally discharge；
11st, wet ash gasifies again after precipitation, filtering, drying process, and nothing is externally thrown aside；
12nd, online calorimetry, auto-control charging, whole-process automatic monitoring.Brief description of the drawings
Fig. 1 is the system flow total figure of the present invention.
Fig. 2 is raw material feed system, fuel gas generating system, dust pelletizing system structure chart.
Fig. 3 is cooling purging system structure chart.
Fig. 4 is electrostatic decoking system structure chart.
Fig. 5 voltage-stabilizing system structure charts.
Fig. 6 monitoring system schematic diagrames.
Embodiment
Crushed biomass used in present system, stock size<20 millimeters of granular or powdery biomass can be used directly, such as rice husk, peanut shell, wood chip；The biomass of block and strip, which needs to crush in advance, can just use, such as straw, bark, wood leftover material.
The consumption of raw materials and generator yield of the present invention can be changed according to the concrete condition of biomass material used.Generally, the common biomass material consumption such as the rice husk of natural air drying state, straw or wood chip is 1. 5 2. 1 ton hours, 3600 cubic metres of generator yield ＞（Mark）/ hour, fuel gases calorific value scope 500CT7500 kilojoules/cubic meter（Mark）, fuel gas temperature<60 degrees Celsius, gaseous-pressure< 1 Meter water column, gas tar oil content<20 milligrams/cubic metre（Mark）, device peak power<100 kilowatts, 50 80 kilowatts of standard running status power.Apparatus of the present invention coordinate gas driven generator group to use, and produce electric energy and export 1200 kilowatt hours.
Below in conjunction with accompanying drawing, the present invention is further illustrated.
As shown in figure 1, this integrated biomass fuel gas generating system is connected with raw material feed system 10, fuel gas generating system 20, dust pelletizing system 30, cooling purging system 40, electrostatic decoking system 50, voltage-stabilizing system 60 in turn by combustion gas generation and processing sequence.Biological fuel gas is generated and processing procedure is：Biomass material is entered in fuel gas generating system 20 by high-temperature gasification into biological fuel gas by raw material feed system 10, combustion gas cools down purging system 40 by entering combustion gas after the dedusting of dust pelletizing system 30 again, pass through the cooling and flushing of shower water, reach that combustion gas cools, the purpose of cleaning, high-pressure electrostatic decoking system 50 is entered by the combustion gas cooled with cleaning, tar particles in combustion gas are adsorbed removing under high-voltage electromagnetic field action, reach the purpose for removing gas tar oil particulate, the combustion gas devoked by high-pressure electrostatic is again by roots blower, enter voltage-stabilizing system 60, so as to provide the combustion gas of cleaning high-quality, for production and living or power generation application.
The structure and working principle of each system again to constituting the present invention is specifically described below：Raw material feed system is as shown in Fig. 2 left-hand components.Raw material feed system 10 of the present invention is made up of small feed bin 11, hopper 12, feed auger 13, and raw material feed system 10 ensures sealing state of the gas producer in charging in holding furnace, also prevents from when blowing out causing feed bin fire " tempering ".Small feed bin 11 is square, bottom pyramidal shrinks, top offers charging aperture 112, bottom is square and sets the feed opening 111 of valve, feed opening 111 is connected with by switchable plate 113 with hopper 12, hopper 12 is connected with feed auger 13, and feed auger 13 is connected with fuel gas generating system 20.Biomass material is transported to small feed bin 11, then enters hopper 12 through feed opening 111, is finally fed spiral 13 and is transported in fuel gas generating system 20.The sealing function of feed auger 13 ensure that the sealing state in stove when raw material enters gas producer；After blowing out, the plate 113 of feed opening 112 is closed, while hopper 12 and feed auger 13 are emptied, hopper 12 and gas producer are separated, such small feed bin 11 will not catch fire, while in turn ensure that the sealing of gas producer, to avoid pressure is excessive from causing danger, small powder The top of storehouse 11 is provided with relief tube 114.In the present embodiment, about 15 cubic metres of the dischargeable capacity of small feed bin 11 can store about 3 tons of biomass material, and feed system conveying capacity adjusts charging rate between 0. 53 ton hours equipped with governor motor.
Fuel gas generating system is shown in Fig. 2 center sections.Fuel gas generating system 20 includes fluidized bed combustion gas producer 21, and gas producer is the body of heater of cylindrical, hollow, and bottom is up big and down small inverted round table.Burner hearth from outer is respectively by interior：Heavy refractory brick, light fire brick, insulation pouring material, stack shell outer wall；Furnace roof is made up of insulation pouring material and lamina tecti.The bottom air intake vent 22 of fluidized bed combustion gas producer 21 has air distribution plate 23, and is connected by air distribution plate 23 with air blower 24, and air is injected in gas producer 21 by air distribution plate 23 by wind-force mean allocation, and at a high speed；The stage casing of gas producer 21 position on the lower side has charging aperture 25 to be connected with feed auger 13, and biomass material is entered in gas producer 21 by charging aperture 25.When gas producer is normally run, temperature in burner hearth is taken the photograph between degree in 70CT800, and the air that biomass material is injected at a high speed upwards with furnace bottom is in freeze profile into fluidized state.Under fluidized state, biomass material in high-temperature burner hearth with the oxygen combustion in air, the oxygen reaction generation carbon dioxide in biomass and air, while discharging heat；On the other hand, due in burner hearth oxygen it is limited, therefore, with carbon dioxide reduction reaction generation carbon monoxide, reduction reaction absorption heat occur for the carbon that can not contact with oxygen of part in biomass.Biomass material is constantly aoxidized with air in gas producer（Heat release）One reduction（Heat absorption）Reaction, eventually up to causing chemical reaction equilibrium and thermal balance in stove, and by biomass material and air reaction into biological fuel gas.The oxidation-reduction reaction of biomass and oxygen is one kind in complex chemical reaction in gas producer, because biomass material contains moisture content, and also contain a small amount of vapor in air, because the actual conditions in a little gas producers are more complex, moisture content turns into water vapour and the oxidation-reduction reaction participated between carbon and oxygen in high-temperature burner hearth, and generates hydrogen, first protective embankment, unsaturated hydrocarbons（Other fuel gas such as CnHm).Therefore, the combustion gas in combustion gas metaplasia stove in addition to carbon monoxide, also hydrogen, first protective embankment, unsaturated hydrocarbons etc..The percentage of biological fuel gas composition is variant because of raw material type difference and water content size.
Table one is the standard analysis and calorific value of rice husk combustion gas：
Calorific value fuel gas composition CO H2 CH4 C n Hm C02 N2 02+ impurity
(KJ/Nm3 ) Volume % 20% 12% 2. 5% 1. 5% 13% 50%<1% 5700 biomass material is gasificated into combustion gas in high-temperature fuel gas producer, and biomass material becomes biomass ash.Biomass ash is lightened due to quality, from original fluidized state disequilibrium, and enters dust pelletizing system 30 along the gas outlet 26 of roof of the furnace side upwards with jet-stream wind.And biomass material is when entering gas producer 21, the biomass material or lime-ash of some larger particles, into dust pelletizing system 30, but sink to the bottom of gas producer 21 with combustion gas, and enter dust removing system by furnace bottom ash discharging pipe 27.Ash discharging pipe 27 is connected by ash discharge spiral 28 with dust removing system 29, it is ensured that the sealing state of gas producer.
Dust pelletizing system is as shown in Fig. 2 right-hand components.Dust pelletizing system 30 is made up of two stage cyclone deduster 31, according to the particle of biomass lime-ash and quality size, first order cyclone dust collectors mainly remove the lime-ash of the larger quality carried secretly in combustion gas and particle diameter, it is smaller that second level cyclone dust collectors mainly remove particle diameter in combustion gas, the lime-ash of lighter weight.By cyclone system 30,95% or so the lime-ash that combustion gas is carried is separated from combustion gas and is connected by the water cooling airlock 32 of bottom with dust removing system 29, therefore can ensure that gas burning system is in sealing state in cyclone dust collectors 31.Air preheater 33 is additionally provided with outside cyclone dust collectors 31, air preheater 33 is connected with cavity 34 of the formation of cyclone dust collectors 31 for air heat exchange, the air outlet 35 of the bottom of air preheater 33 with the air inlet of above-described air blower 24.Extraneous air is entered by top, and occurs heat exchange with high-temperature fuel gas in air preheater 33, and the air by preheating is sent in gas producer 21 through furnace bottom air blower, improves the service efficiency of heat energy.
As shown in figure 3, combustion gas is after cyclone dust collectors separation dedusting, combustion gas cooling purging system 40 is entered.Cooling down purging system 40 includes the essentially identical spraying cooling room of two profiles（The 5m of 1. 1m X of the long wide height=2. 2m X of X 4.).The effect of first order spraying cooling room 41 is mainly cooling, being provided with it is used to increase the dividing plate 41 1 of gas circulation passage and in cooling chamber inside top and side arrangement PT and nozzle 43, and combustion gas is reduced into less than 80 °C by 700 °C or so by a large amount of shower waters；The main function of second level spraying cooling room 42 is cleaning and point water, include 422 two parts in turbulent flow purge chamber 421 and diversion box in second level spraying cooling room 42, turbulent flow purge chamber 421 is provided with structure wide at the top and narrow at the bottom, located at the junction of the first spraying cooling room 41, due to the HP shower at the top of it in pipeline it is fierce Collision forms the effect that " turbulent flow " reaches cleaning combustion gas；Diversion box 422 is the relatively large casing of a sectional area, and combustion gas flow velocity in casing is reduced, and with the reduction of temperature, the part condensation vapor in combustion gas is separated into larger water droplet and from combustion gas.Two-stage spraying cooling room bottom is in cone bucket shape, and is connected by drainpipe with water seal tank 44, while drainpipe discharges the shower water in combustion gas treatment box, and because the water seal effect of water seal tank ensure that the sealing of combustion gas treatment box.Whole combustion gas cooling cleaning process spray water consumption is 80 cubes ms/h, shower water about 10 °C of temperature difference before and after combustion gas cooling cleaning.Biological fuel gas is after combustion gas cooling purging system 40, fuel gas temperature<60 °C, in addition to the tar particles that very low amount, physical method are difficult to clean off, most of ash is cleaned with impurity.The drainpipe of two-stage spraying cooling room bottom is connected with water seal tank, water seal tank 44 is connected with the filtering trough 45 provided with oil removal room 451 and mud guard 452, the other end of filtering trough 45 is connected with circulating water pool 46, water in circulating water pool 46 is delivered to spraying cooling room after being handled through heat exchanger 47 and cooling tower 471 and recycled, water seal tank 44, filtering trough 45, the bottom of circulating water pool 46 are connected by ash-valve 48 with ash discharge screw 49, lime-ash is discharged through blowoff valve, then is threaded into filter 70 through blowdown.The clear water filtered out in filter 70 is collected into cyclic water tank 71 and is pumped back to the cycling and reutilization of circulating water pool 46.The more dry lime-ash remained in filter 70 is sent to roller drier 72 and is dried to water content<After 25%, the gasification reaction that biomass material is participated in after raw material feed system 10 is suitably mixed with biomass material is sent back to.
In Fig. 4, electrostatic decoking system 50 is cylindrical tube, and its structure is as follows：About 2. 2 meters of cylindrical tube diameter, about 8 meters of height, bottom is provided with fuel gas inlet 51, manhole 51 1 and sewage draining exit 512, and top is provided with anti-explosion safety door 513, gas outlet 514 and manhole 515, and there is maintenance ventilation valve 516 at middle part.Burnt 273 millimeters of 52 diameter of pipe is caught, totally 27, top is distributed on inner barrel by positioning orifice plate 521, and catching middle position in burnt pipe for every there are about 4 millimeters of wire electrodes 53 of a diameter.Wire electrode 53 is hung by suspension ring 531, adjustable suspension hook 532, insulated suspension porcelain vase 533 and pendant 536.There are three sleeves at the top of cylinder, one of them is connected with porcelain bottle sleeve 534 through walls, high voltage power supply is transmitted to wire electrode 53 by the porcelain vase through walls that insulate by porcelain bottle sleeve through walls.The porcelain bobbin insulator 533 ' through walls that insulate ensures that high voltage power supply is not transferred to combustion gas high-pressure electrostatic coke removing appts cylinder with insulated suspension porcelain vase 533.Device top sleeve and porcelain bottle sleeve through walls are respectively arranged with drive nozzle 535, can be regularly to insulation wall bushing 534 and insulated suspension porcelain Bottle 533,533 ' is cleaned, and prevents tar from adhering to.
Biological fuel gas is as follows in the decoking principle of high-pressure electrostatic decoking system：High-tension electricity transmission is led wire electrode 53 by high voltage power supply by the porcelain vase 533 ' through walls that insulate, and wire electrode 53 and is caught and is formed high-voltage electromagnetic field between burnt pipe 52.When combustion gas is entered by bottom of device fuel gas inlet 51, combustion gas mean allocation is entered by air distribution plate 54 and catches burnt pipe 52, combustion gas obtains enough energy and conductive as free electron under electromagnetic field effect, tar particles in combustion gas are adsorbed by charged particle, and be attracted under electromagnetic field effect and catch the burnt inwall of pipe 52, tar falls in bottom of device in Gravitative Loads and discharged through sewage draining exit 512.Combustion gas is by catching after burnt pipe electromagnetic field, and from device top, gas outlet 514 is exported.
Apparatus of the present invention high-pressure electrostatic decoking system, is thoroughly removed the tar particles in combustion gas by more than 3. 5 ten thousand volts high-voltage electromagnetic fields, the gas tar oil content through processing<20 milligrams/cubic metre (mark）, meet requirement of most of gas driven generator group to gas tar oil content at present.
As shown in figure 5, voltage-stabilizing system 60 is connected by roots blower 63 with electrostatic decoking system 50, the gas burning system before roots blower 63 is the power source of whole gas burning system, roots blower fuel gas inlet is negative pressure state, peak suction<1 meter water column；Gas burning system is barotropic state, maximum positive voltage after sieve time blower fan gas outlet<1 meter water column.Voltage-stabilizing system 60 includes voltage stabilizing valve tower 61 and the Safety water seal 62 being attached thereto, voltage stabilizing valve tower 61 plays regulating gas system pressure and whirlwind point water effect, voltage stabilizing valve tower is the cylindrical tank of 2. 1 meters of diameter, 12 cubic metres or so of volume, and draining valve 611 is arranged at bottom.Voltage stabilizing valve tower 61 is connected with Safety water seal 62, Safety water seal 62 is connected provided with one end with voltage stabilizing valve tower 61, the other end bend pipe 621 that Open Side Down is located in tank body, tank body horizontal plane is higher than the lower end of bend pipe, the top of Safety water seal 62 is provided with evacuated tube 622, have windproof sleeve pipe 623 at the top of evacuated tube, windproof sleeve pipe be equiped with electronic lighter, it is necessary to when combustion gas is lighted after empty again.Safety water seal 62 is equipped with the altitude valve 624 of different height, can be with the pressure size of regulating gas by altitude valve 624.When gaseous-pressure is excessive, combustion gas can break through water seal and drain.Gas outlet in voltage stabilizing valve tower 61 is equiped with valve, after system fuel gases calorific value is stable, can open valve, combustion gas is delivered directly into gas driven generator group 90 produces electric energy.
Again as shown in fig. 6, the monitoring system 80 of the present invention is by temperature/pressure control, combustion gas oxygen content The parts such as control, fuel gases calorific value control, switch control, the control of buncher rotating speed are constituted.
Temperature/pressure is controlled：Fuel gas generating system 20, dust pelletizing system 30, cooling purging system 40, electrostatic decoking system 50 are provided with multiple control points with voltage-stabilizing system 60, it is separately installed with temperature/pressure probe, the data summarization collected is to temperature, pressure logging 82, then is transferred to site monitoring computer 85;Combustion gas Control for Oxygen Content：Electrostatic decoking system is popped one's head in equipped with oxygen content, when oxygen content is higher than in combustion gas
During 1% safety value, oxygen content monitoring instrument 83 can disconnect high voltage power supply immediately, while starting alarm.Oxygen content analysis result is real-time transmitted to site monitoring computer 85 by oxygen content monitor by RS232;Fuel gases calorific value is controlled：Voltage-stabilizing system 60 is provided with infrared gas sensor, the compositions such as C0, H2, CH4, CnHm in combustion gas and content can be analyzed, and calculate the calorific value of combustion gas.Online calorific value supervising device 84 is controlled by fuel gases calorific value result to feed auger rotating speed and furnace bottom blower air quantity.Fuel gases calorific value real-time data transmission carries out analysis preservation to site monitoring computer 85.Site monitoring computer 85 is by installing client remote monitoring software, and remote monitoring computer 81 in any place can pass through all service datas on Internet surveillance to site monitoring computer.

Claims (8)

  1. Claims
    2nd, integrated biomass fuel gas generating system according to claim 1, it is characterised in that：The raw material feed system includes the small feed bin that bottom is shrunk to conical opening, and small feed bin bottom is docked by switchable feed opening plate with hopper, and small feed hopper bottom is connected with feed spiral device, and feed spiral device is connected with fuel gas generating system.
    3rd, integrated biomass fuel gas generating system according to claim 2, it is characterised in that：The fuel gas generating system includes gas producer, and wherein gas producer bottom is connected provided with charging aperture and with feed spiral device, and bottom is connected across air distribution plate with air blower, and top is provided with blast tube mouthful.Gas producer lower end is provided with ash discharging hole, and ash discharging hole is connected with ash discharge screw.
    4th, integrated biomass fuel gas generating system according to claim 3, it is characterised in that：The dust pelletizing system includes the cyclone dust collectors being connected with blast tube mouth, cyclone dust collectors bottom is connected by ash releasing tube with water cooling Blowing stopper, cyclone dust collectors are externally provided with air preheater, air preheater is connected with cavity of the cyclone dust collectors formation for air heat exchange, the air outlet of air preheater bottom with the air inlet of above-described air blower.
    5th, integrated biomass fuel gas generating system according to claim 4, it is characterised in that：The cooling purging system includes the spraying cooling room that two-stage is arranged in order, first order spraying cooling room, which is provided with, to be used to increase the dividing plate of gas circulation passage, spraying cooling chamber interior walls and top are provided with spray head, turbulent flow purge chamber wide at the top and narrow at the bottom is provided with the porch of second level spraying cooling room, spray head is provided with the top of turbulent flow purge chamber, the drainpipe of two-stage spraying cooling room bottom is connected with water seal tank, water seal tank is connected with the filtering trough provided with oil removal room and mud guard, the filtering trough other end is connected with circulating water pool, water in circulating water pool is delivered to spraying cooling room after being handled through heat exchanger, water seal tank, filtering trough, circulating water pool bottom is connected by ash-valve with ash discharge screw. 6th, integrated biomass fuel gas generating system according to claim 5, it is characterised in that：The ash hole lower end of the ash discharge screw is provided with filter, and the wet ash of filtering is sent to roller drier, and dried lime-ash enters raw material feed system, and the moisture of filtering is sent to circulating water pool.
    7th, integrated biomass fuel gas generating system according to claim 5, it is characterised in that：The electrostatic decoking system includes a cylinder, bottom is provided with the fuel gas inlet being connected with cooling purging system, if the fuel gas inlet top in cylinder is provided with dried layer air distribution plate, air distribution plate top is provided with high-pressure electrostatic coke removing appts, gas outlet and anti-explosion safety door are located at the top of cylinder, described high-pressure electrostatic coke removing appts include the porcelain insulator being fixed at the top of cylinder, some wire electrodes being suspended vertically being connected with porcelain insulator, every wire electrode, which is navigated within, is fixed on catching in burnt pipe on positioning orifice plate.
    8th, integrated biomass fuel gas generating system according to claim 7, it is characterised in that：The voltage-stabilizing system is connected with by roots blower with electrostatic decoking system, voltage-stabilizing system includes voltage stabilizing valve tower and the Safety water seal being attached thereto, wherein voltage stabilizing valve tower includes the fuel gas inlet being connected with electrostatic decoking system, the balance channel being connected with Safety water seal, located at the supply clean gas at top gas outlet and be located at bottom and be connected with the discharge outlet of draining valve, Safety water seal includes the tank body that top is provided with evacuated tube, one end is additionally provided with tank body to be connected with voltage stabilizing valve tower, the other end bend pipe that Open Side Down is located in tank body, tank body horizontal plane is higher than the lower end of bend pipe, evacuated tube openend is provided with electronic lighter.
    9th, integrated biomass fuel gas generating system according to any one of claim 1 to 8, it is characterised in that：Also include monitoring system, monitoring system includes the temperature/pressure control device in fuel gas generating system, dust pelletizing system, cooling purging system, electrostatic decoking system and voltage-stabilizing system, combustion gas control device for oxygen content in electrostatic decoking system, the fuel gases calorific value control in voltage-stabilizing system.
CN2007801014264A 2007-12-06 2007-12-06 Integrated biomass fuel gas generating system Pending CN102105568A (en)

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