CN102103173A - Method and system for monitoring current-carrying capacity of cable based on distributed optical fiber temperature measuring method - Google Patents
Method and system for monitoring current-carrying capacity of cable based on distributed optical fiber temperature measuring method Download PDFInfo
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Abstract
The invention relates to a method and a system for monitoring current-carrying capacity of a cable based on a distributed optical fiber temperature measuring method. The system comprises a laser drive device which is matched with a temperature sensing device in a cable; the temperature sensing device is matched with the corresponding optical fiber splitter; the output end of each optical fiber splitter is connected with one end of the cable; the other end of the cable is connected with a wire distribution cabinet which is matched with demodulating equipment; and the output end of the demodulating equipment is connected with a cable integrated Ethernet chip (IEC) compute server which is output to a client terminal. Combining the distributed optical fiber temperature measuring method, by the method and system provided by the invention, the important parameters of the cable operation can be acquired; the stimulated accuracy is greatly improved through the comprehensive analysis of the current-carrying capacity, thus providing the decision standard for ensuring the safe operation of the city cables and the reasonable configuration of the transmission capacity.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to a kind of current-carrying capacity of cable monitoring method and system based on the distributed optical fiber temperature measurement method.
Background technology
Sustainable development along with industry and electric system, Voltage Cable Lines Construction in the electrical network is increasing, and the intensity of electric power transfer is also constantly increasing always, and intelligent grid is had higher requirement to transmission system, when cable moved under rated load, the core temperature reached permissible value.In a single day cable overloads, and the core temperature will sharply rise, and quickens insulation ag(e)ing, even thermal breakdown takes place.So, must control the running temperature of cable, this carries out rational management with regard to requiring operation power department to the actual load of cable.The ability to transmit electricity and the power transmission efficiency that how to improve cable system on the basis that guarantees cable long-term safety reliability service become the emphasis problem that power department is concerned about all the more.
At present, the current-carrying capacity of cable calculate to adopt the IEC standard of generally acknowledging in the world, calculates and is not suitable for complex scene but this standard satisfies current-carrying capacity under the simple scenario only, has certain limitation; On the other hand, the algorithm that the IEC standard is provided is applicable to hand computation, and such account form is too loaded down with trivial details, and the Electronic Data Processing of IEC prematurity still up to the present also is in the progressively development.Simultaneously, current I EC current-carrying capacity parameters calculated is chosen and is also monitored condition restriction, adopts empirical value or estimated value usually, and it is inaccurate to cause current-carrying capacity to calculate; Running temperature is an important parameter of cable, in the type selecting of power cable with lay the stage, owing to can not comprehensively consider to the actual motion environment, usually all carry out according to standard ambient temperature, to cause cable when environment temperature height or radiating condition are bad, to run on superheat state like this, reduce operation life.Therefore, if can be according to actual motion state and running environment, in real time the load of cable is dispatched and adjusted, not only can guarantee the security of operation of cable, its on-load ability is not fully exerted, and can also solving the electric power supply problem under the emergency in the power scheduling in some cases.
Summary of the invention
For remedying the deficiencies in the prior art, the invention provides a kind of current-carrying capacity of cable monitoring method and system based on the distributed optical fiber temperature measurement method.
For achieving the above object, the present invention adopts following technical scheme:
Based on the current-carrying capacity of cable monitoring system of distributed optical fiber temperature measurement method, it comprises laser driving apparatus, and laser driving apparatus matches with temperature sensing device in the cable; Temperature sensing device matches with corresponding optical fiber splitter, the output terminal of each optical fiber splitter is connected with optical cable one end, the optical cable other end is connected with distributing cabinet, distributing cabinet matches with demodulating equipment, the demodulating equipment output terminal is connected with cable I EC calculation server, and cable I EC calculation server outputs to client terminal.
Described laser driving apparatus comprises laser driver, and the output terminal of laser driver is connected with the input end of laser instrument.
Described temperature sensing device is a distributed temperature measuring optical fiber.
Described demodulating equipment is the fiber-optic signal (FBG) demodulator.
Described optical cable is an All Dielectric self-support.
Described current-carrying capacity of cable monitoring method based on the distributed optical fiber temperature measurement method, this monitoring method comprises the steps:
Step1: laser instrument sends pulsed light and injects distributed temperature measuring optical fiber, and the rear orientation light that thermometric optical fiber produces is input to optical cable by optical fiber splitter;
Step2: light signal is input to the fiber-optic signal (FBG) demodulator the most at last after the optical cable transmission, and the fiber-optic signal (FBG) demodulator is input to cable I EC calculation server with restituted signal;
Step3: cable I EC calculation server parses the conductor temperature θ c and the cable surface temperature θ a of certain section cable according to the light signal of input, and the computing formula of the current-carrying capacity of cable under calculating 100% load-factor that provides by IEC 60287 is calculated cable dynamic current-carrying capacity I
Wherein, conductor temperature θ c gets the temp measuring system instantaneous value, the value when corresponding conductor AC resistance R gets corresponding to θ c; θ a is the cable surface temperature, gets the temp measuring system instantaneous value; Wd is an insulation dielectric loss; λ 1 is the protective metal shell loss factor; λ 2 is the loss factor of armor; T1, T2, T3 are respectively the thermal resistance of insulation, interior pad underlayer, outer jacket, and T4 is the cable and the thermal resistance of medium on every side, and be relevant with cable model, form of construction work; N is the cable loop number; I is a current-carrying capacity of cable under the current working;
Step4: every section cable dynamic current-carrying capacity of trying to achieve according to step3 obtains the dynamic current-carrying capacity of this root cable;
Step5: the customer service end is realized various day-to-day operation work according to the dynamic current-carrying capacity of all cables of cable I EC calculation server output.
Among the described step3, the AC resistance R=R of certain section cable conductor
0* [1+ α
20(θ
C-20)] * (1+Y
s+ Y
p); Wherein, R0 and α
20Be definite value, different according to types of conductors, kelvin effect factor Y
s, proximity effect factor Y
pReferring to IEC60287 and JB/T 101 81 series standards.
Among the described step3, insulation dielectric loss Wd provides parameter by IEC calculation server database, calculates according to certain section cable length, and the loss of unit length cable dielectric can be calculated with following formula:
W
d＝ωCU
0 2tgδ×10
-6
In the formula, ω=2 π f, f is a power frequency, 50Hz; C is the unit length electric cable capacitance, the μ F/cm of unit; Tg δ is the insulating material dielectric loss angle tangent; E0 is a voltage-to-ground, the V of unit.
Among the described step4, the dynamic current-carrying capacity of certain root cable is got the minimum value of each section cable dynamic current-carrying capacity in this root cable.
Beneficial effect: the present invention can realize monitoring accurately cable operating temperature, can obtain 100% load-factor current-carrying capacity information according to temperature monitoring, compare the error that has reduced current-carrying capacity of cable with traditional estimation cable temperature, analysis-by-synthesis by current-carrying capacity, the cable operation conditions is made assessment, and then provide scientific basis for rationally adjusting rated current-carrying capacity, summarize reason and the preceding various abnormal conditions that occur of fault generation that various cable faults take place simultaneously, thereby for the forecast cable fault provides theory and factual evidence, improve the accuracy of simulation greatly, provide decision-making foundation for guaranteeing city cable safe operation and reasonable disposition ability to transmit electricity.
Description of drawings
Fig. 1 is the distributed optical fiber temperature transducer system block diagram;
Fig. 2 is a structural representation block diagram of the present invention;
Fig. 3 is cable dynamic current-carrying capacity monitoring process flow diagram;
Wherein, 1 temperature sensing device, 2 optical fiber splitters, 3 optical cables, 4 distributing cabinets, 5 fiber-optic signal (FBG) demodulators, 6 cable I EC calculation servers, 7 customer service ends, 8 laser drivers, 9 laser instruments, 10 bidirectional couplers, 11 wavelength division multiplexers, 12 photoelectric detector APD, 13 amplifiers, 14 gather average totalizer, 15 microcomputers.
Embodiment
The invention will be further described below in conjunction with drawings and Examples:
As shown in Figure 1, be distributed optical fiber temperature transducer system, mainly contain sensor fibre, laser instrument 9 and laser driver 8, bidirectional coupler 10, wavelength division multiplexer 11, photoelectric detector APD 12, amplifier 13, gather average totalizer 14 and microcomputer 15 compositions.The pulsed light that laser instrument 9 sends injects sensor fibre as pump light through coupling mechanism, and pulsed light produces the rear orientation light of propagating backward when propagating forward in sensor fibre.Rear orientation light leaches anti-Stokes light and Reyleith scanttering light by light filtering, stokes scattering and anti Stokes scattering are referred to as Raman scattering, pass through opto-electronic conversion and amplifying circuit again, and the signal after the amplification is gathered by high-speed data acquisition card, through data processing and calibration, demodulate temperature.Distribution type fiber-optic temperature temp measuring system has the following advantages:
(1) optical fiber sense temperature and positional information, sensor is passive, essential safety.The sensor resolution height, thermometric is accurate, and the response time is short.
(2) can make high capacity, multiple spot, distributed temperature measuring system; A (FBG) demodulator can be with a hundreds of sensor; Cost saving.
(3) because full optical signal transmission is not limited by sensor distance, maximum distance sensing reaches 10km, is the very-long-range system for detecting temperature.
Native system has further improved the intellectuality of system in conjunction with the distributed optical fiber temperature measurement technology.Cable operation conditions, crimp quality quality, the discovery that can only be in operation, the overheated accident of burning of long more easy more generation working time may cause the tremendous economic loss thus.The distributed optical fiber temperature measurement technology designs because of the early prediction of faults such as insulation ag(e)ing or loose contact at cable, can eliminate these potential faults in rudiment, before occurring, potential faults gives a forecast timely, make the ruuning situation of the understanding cable that the maintainer can be real-time, the fault that may occur is handled ahead of time timely.
The temperature-measurement principle of distributed optical fiber temperature transducer system is used in the current-carrying capacity of cable monitoring system, be illustrated in figure 2 as theory diagram of the present invention, it comprises laser driving apparatus, and laser driving apparatus matches with temperature sensing device 1 in the cable; Temperature sensing device 1 matches with corresponding optical fiber splitter 2, the output terminal of each optical fiber splitter 2 is connected with optical cable 3 one ends, optical cable 3 other ends are connected with distributing cabinet 4, distributing cabinet 4 matches with demodulating equipment, the demodulating equipment output terminal is connected with cable I EC calculation server 6, and cable I EC calculation server 6 outputs to client terminal 7.
Described laser driving apparatus comprises laser driver 8, and the output terminal of laser driver 8 is connected with the input end of laser instrument 9.
Described temperature sensing device 1 is a distributed temperature measuring optical fiber.
Described demodulating equipment is a fiber-optic signal (FBG) demodulator 5.
Described optical cable is all dielectric self-supporting ADSS optical cable (All-dielectric Self-supporting Optical Cable).
Distributed temperature measuring optical fiber is the temperature sensing device 1 of system, is directly installed on cable inside, is used for measuring the temperature of every on cable; The temperature of spatial point is measured in real time in can the logarithm kilometer range, and different temperatures reflects different optical wavelength signals, realizes distributed measurement by the Raman scattering technology.
Optical fiber splitter 2 mainly is connected with between an optical fiber and a plurality of sensors, realizes distributed laying sensor;
5 effects of fiber-optic signal (FBG) demodulator are that light signal is carried out filtering amplification and demodulation, are installed in the Control Room;
Cable I EC calculation server 6 is gathered fiber-optic signal (FBG) demodulator 5 information transmitted, according to the information that collects data are handled and calibrated, the temperature data that shows each point for measuring temperature in real time, cable I EC calculation server 6 dynamically carries out current-carrying capacity calculating and cable operating analysis according to the temperature data that records simultaneously.
Analysis data and result that customer service end 7 is submitted to according to cable dynamic current-carrying capacity computing module realize various day-to-day operation work.
Cable I EC calculation server 6 carries out the computation process of dynamic current-carrying capacity, is that example describes with a cable.As shown in Figure 3, cable is divided into the k section, utilize i section distributed temperature measuring fiber-optic signal to measure the temperature of conductor and top layer in the cable of i section, light signal is input to optical cable by optical fiber splitter, after the optical cable transmission, be input to the fiber-optic signal (FBG) demodulator, the fiber-optic signal (FBG) demodulator is with the light signal demodulation and be input to cable I EC calculation server, and cable I EC calculation server is resolved temperature signal, draws the temperature θ c of conductor in the i section cable and the temperature θ a on cable top layer.
In addition, have various cable data in the IEC calculation server database, comprising: cable core pattern, insulation course, metal screen layer and armor, system of laying etc., corresponding unlike material or system of laying have different loss factors; Temperature θ c in conjunction with conductor in the i section cable can utilize formula R=R
0* [1+ α
20(θ
C-20)] * (1+Y
s+ Y
p) calculate the AC resistance R of this section cable conductor, wherein, R0 and α
20Be definite value, different according to types of conductors, kelvin effect factor Y
s, proximity effect factor Y
pComputing formula is referring to IEC60287 and JB/T 101 81 series standards.
Cable i section insulation dielectric loss Wd provide parameter by IEC calculation server database, calculates according to i section cable length, and the loss of unit length (cm) cable dielectric can be calculated with following formula:
W
d＝ωCU
0 2tgδ×10
-6 (1)
In the formula, ω=2 π f, f is a power frequency, 50Hz; C is the unit length electric cable capacitance, the μ F/cm of unit; Tg δ is the insulating material dielectric loss angle tangent; E0 is a voltage-to-ground, the V of unit.
Electric current I in loss Ws and the core in the cable metal sheath ' square be directly proportional, so it is approximately constant with the ratio of core loss Wc, that is:
Ws＝λ1·Wc (2)
In the formula, λ 1 is the protective metal shell loss factor, is the function of protective metal shell resistance, and according to synteny is not different with the system of laying formula, sheath resistance is according to measuring temperature computation in real time.Wc=I '
2R is the conductor thread core loss, and I ' is an electric current in the core.
The cable sheath loss is the function of armor sectional area and metallic resistance, and different armoring materials are different with the mode formula, generally calculate by the cable sheath loss factor, be example with three core round conductor wire armorings:
In the formula, R
ABe the AC resistance of armouring under the actual measurement working temperature, the OHM/m of unit; d
AIt is the armouring mean diameter; L is the distance between conductor axle center and the cable center, mm.
The rudimentary algorithm of the current-carrying capacity of cable under calculating 100% load-factor that provides according to IEC 60287 calculates the cable dynamic current-carrying capacity, calculates by formula (4):
During calculating, conductor temperature θ c gets the temp measuring system real-time measurement values in the formula, value when corresponding conductor AC resistance R gets corresponding to this temperature, θ c thinks 90 ℃ of the tolerant maximum operating temperatures of XLPE (major insulation) if get conductor temperature, value when the conductor AC resistance is corresponding to 90 ℃ accordingly can be calculated cable and continue to allow current-carrying capacity; θ a is the cable surface temperature, gets the temp measuring system real-time measurement values; Wd is an insulation dielectric loss; λ 1 is the protective metal shell loss factor, utilizes formula (2) to obtain, and λ 2 is the loss factor of armor; T1, T2, T3 are respectively the thermal resistance of insulation, interior pad underlayer, outer jacket; T4 is the cable and the thermal resistance of medium on every side, and is relevant with cable model, form of construction work; N is the cable loop number; I
iCurrent-carrying capacity of cable for i section under the current working.
Because the conductor of diverse location cable is often different with the metallic sheath temperature in the reality, cause resistivity difference, loss difference, cause the different of the conductor of cable and metallic sheath temperature conversely again, so the dynamic current-carrying capacity of the cable of diverse location also can be different, this algorithm is divided into the k section according to each point for measuring temperature with cable, every section cable i according to its point for measuring temperature actual measurement temperature computation by formula (4) calculate dynamic current-carrying capacity I one by one
iSo this root whole cable dynamic current-carrying capacity I is:
I＝min{I
1，I
2，...，I
i，I
k} (5)?。
Claims (9)
1. based on the current-carrying capacity of cable monitoring system of distributed optical fiber temperature measurement method, it is characterized in that it comprises laser driving apparatus, laser driving apparatus matches with temperature sensing device in the cable; Temperature sensing device matches with corresponding optical fiber splitter, the output terminal of each optical fiber splitter is connected with optical cable one end, the optical cable other end is connected with distributing cabinet, distributing cabinet matches with demodulating equipment, the demodulating equipment output terminal is connected with cable I EC calculation server, and cable I EC calculation server outputs to client terminal.
2. the current-carrying capacity of cable monitoring system based on the distributed optical fiber temperature measurement method as claimed in claim 1 is characterized in that described laser driving apparatus comprises laser driver, and the output terminal of laser driver is connected with the input end of laser instrument.
3. the current-carrying capacity of cable monitoring system based on the distributed optical fiber temperature measurement method as claimed in claim 1 is characterized in that described temperature sensing device is a distributed temperature measuring optical fiber.
4. the current-carrying capacity of cable monitoring system based on the distributed optical fiber temperature measurement method as claimed in claim 1 is characterized in that described demodulating equipment is the fiber-optic signal (FBG) demodulator.
5. the current-carrying capacity of cable monitoring system based on the distributed optical fiber temperature measurement method as claimed in claim 1 is characterized in that described optical cable is an All Dielectric self-support.
6. the current-carrying capacity of cable monitoring method based on the distributed optical fiber temperature measurement method as claimed in claim 1 is characterized in that this monitoring method comprises the steps:
Step1: laser instrument sends pulsed light and injects distributed temperature measuring optical fiber, and the rear orientation light that thermometric optical fiber produces is input to optical cable by optical fiber splitter;
Step2: light signal is input to the fiber-optic signal (FBG) demodulator the most at last after the optical cable transmission, and the fiber-optic signal (FBG) demodulator is input to cable I EC calculation server with restituted signal;
Step3: cable I EC calculation server parses the conductor temperature θ c and the cable surface temperature θ a of certain section cable according to the light signal of input, and the computing formula of the current-carrying capacity of cable under calculating 100% load-factor that provides by IEC 60287 is calculated cable dynamic current-carrying capacity I
Wherein, conductor temperature θ c gets the temp measuring system instantaneous value, the value when corresponding conductor AC resistance R gets corresponding to θ c; θ a is the cable surface temperature, gets the temp measuring system instantaneous value; Wd is an insulation dielectric loss; Going into 1 is the protective metal shell loss factor; Go into 2 for the loss factor of armor; T1, T2, T3 are respectively the thermal resistance of insulation, interior pad underlayer, outer jacket, and T4 is the cable and the thermal resistance of medium on every side, and be relevant with cable model, form of construction work; N is the cable loop number; I is a current-carrying capacity of cable under the current working;
Step4: every section cable dynamic current-carrying capacity of trying to achieve according to step3 obtains the dynamic current-carrying capacity of this root cable;
Step5: the customer service end is realized various day-to-day operation work according to the dynamic current-carrying capacity of all cables of cable I EC calculation server output.
7. the current-carrying capacity of cable monitoring method based on the distributed optical fiber temperature measurement method as claimed in claim 6 is characterized in that, among the described step3, and the AC resistance R=R of certain section cable conductor
0* [1+ α
20(θ
C-20)] * (1+Y
s+ Y
p); Wherein, R0 and α
20Be definite value, different according to types of conductors, kelvin effect factor Y
s, proximity effect factor Y
pReferring to IEC60287 and JB/T 101 81 series standards.
8. the current-carrying capacity of cable monitoring method based on the distributed optical fiber temperature measurement method as claimed in claim 6, it is characterized in that, among the described step3, insulation dielectric loss Wd provides parameter by IEC calculation server database, calculate according to certain section cable length, the loss of unit length cable dielectric can be calculated with following formula:
W
d＝ωCU
0 2tgδ×10
-6
In the formula, ω=2 π f, f is a power frequency, 50Hz; C is the unit length electric cable capacitance, the μ F/cm of unit; Tg δ is the insulating material dielectric loss angle tangent; E0 is a voltage-to-ground, the V of unit.
9. the current-carrying capacity of cable monitoring method based on the distributed optical fiber temperature measurement method as claimed in claim 6 is characterized in that, among the described step4, the dynamic current-carrying capacity of certain root cable is got the minimum value of each section cable dynamic current-carrying capacity in this root cable.
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| CN103048557A (en) * | 2012-10-24 | 2013-04-17 | 中国电力科学研究院 | Testing device and testing method for allowable carrying capacity performance of OPPC (Optical Phase Conductor) |
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Application publication date: 20110622 |