CN104316216A - BOTDR-based transmission line wire temperature distributed monitoring device and BOTDR-based transmission line wire temperature distributed monitoring method - Google Patents
BOTDR-based transmission line wire temperature distributed monitoring device and BOTDR-based transmission line wire temperature distributed monitoring method Download PDFInfo
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Abstract
The invention relates to a BOTDR-based transmission line wire temperature distributed monitoring device and a BOTDR-based transmission line wire temperature distributed monitoring method. A BOTDR is connected with an optical fiber in an OPGW. Two variables, temperature and stress, of detection points in a transmission line OPGW are separated by a Brillouin scattering frequency shift temperature and stress demodulator; the relationship between OPGW distributed temperature and wire distributed temperature is established according to steady-state heat conduction equations of the transmission line OPGW and a wire; the convection heat radiation coefficient changing with time on the line is calculated according to monitored temperature data of the transmission line OPGW in adjacent periods of time; and the wire temperature distribution of the transmission line is calculated by a Newton iterative method based on material parameters of the transmission line OPGW and the wire and dynamic carrying capacity information of the wire measured by a transmission line wire carrying capacity monitoring system. Distributed temperature monitoring on a transmission line wire is realized. The device and the method of the invention have the beneficial effect that real-time and long-distance online temperature distribution monitoring on an OPGW and a wire of a transmission line can be realized by mounting only one piece of equipment in a substation.
Description
Technical field
The invention belongs to ultra-high-tension power transmission line electric power O&M field, particularly transmission line wire Temperature Distribution formula monitoring device and method.
Background technology
At ultra-high-tension power transmission line normal operation period, transmission pressure can produce higher temperature in large current load situation, thus the sag that can change when transmission line of electricity runs, if transmission pressure temperature is elevated to a certain degree afterwards by the normal operation of entail dangers to transmission line of electricity, thus occurs unnecessary power failure, tripping operation and security incident.So, be a problem in the urgent need to address to the on-line monitoring of high-voltage power line conductive line temperature.At present, on-line monitoring method for high-voltage power line conductive line temperature mainly adopts the method for installing fixed-point type temp sensor device on wire to realize, but the temperature of wire is larger by the impact of environment temperature and wind speed, therefore on transmission line of electricity, present distributed temperature distribution, but not yet have the monitoring method of the full distributed conductor temperature of a kind of circuit at present.
Summary of the invention
The object of the present invention is to provide a kind of on-Line Monitor Device and method of high-voltage power line conductive line distributed temperature.This monitoring method is without the need to sensor installation extra on transmission line of electricity, but using the OPGW optical internal optical fiber in transmission line of electricity as sensor and information transfer channel, by the Temperature Distribution of monitoring transmission line of electricity OPGW, and introduce the dynamic current-carrying capacity of transmission pressure, calculate the Temperature Distribution obtaining transmission pressure according to the thermal equilibrium relation between OPGW and wire, realize the distributed temperature monitoring of transmission pressure.
Technical scheme of the present invention is:
A kind of transmission line wire Temperature Distribution formula monitoring device based on BOTDR, comprise Brillouin optical time-domain reflectometer (BOTDR), distributed fiberoptic sensor, current carrying capacity of conductor monitoring system, computing machine and information process unit, described distributed fiberoptic sensor is a sensor fibre in OPGW optical, it is characterized in that: BOTDR is arranged in ultra-high-tension power transmission line power regulation station, OPGW internal sensor optical fiber is by the optical fiber interface access BOTDR in transformer station, current carrying capacity of conductor monitoring system and BOTDR are connected with computing machine and information process unit respectively.
A sensor fibre in described Optical Fiber composite overhead Ground Wire is single-mode fiber.
Described current carrying capacity of conductor monitoring system is connected with computing machine and data processing unit by USB interface with BOTDR, and computing machine and data processing unit receive the wire dynamic current-carrying capacity information that temperature on distributed fiberoptic sensor that BOTDR sends on each locus and strain information and current carrying capacity of conductor monitoring system send; And complete storage, management, calculating and information displaying, the distributed temperature of transmission line wire is calculated by existing respective algorithms.
Utilize based on the method for the transmission line wire Temperature Distribution formula monitoring device of BOTDR, it is characterized in that carrying out according to the following steps: step one, heat loss through convection coefficient h (t) according to each spatial point on the transient heat balance equation computing electric power line of OPGW; Step 2, answer the solar radiation power of spatial point to have the condition of regulated linear relation according to transmission line of electricity OPGW and wire Arbitrary Relative, set up the steady-state heat balance relational expression of OPGW and wire; The dynamic current-carrying capacity information of step 3, lead-in conductor, and the Temperature Distribution adopting Newton iteration method to solve to obtain transmission pressure.
Specifically carry out according to the following steps: step one, utilize BOTDR to monitor to obtain the Temperature Distribution T of OPGW
oPGW, set up steady-state heat balance equation (1) formula and (2) formula of wire and any corresponding point in space of OPGW; Step 2, character according to formula (7), be multiplied by D by (1) formula
d/ D
osubtract each other with (2) formula afterwards and obtain formula (8); Step 3, comprise two unknown numbers in view of in formula (8): heat loss through convection coefficient h (t) of conductor temperature TD and lead wire and earth wire, adopt data that multiple adjacent time measurements of same sensing point obtain to try to achieve heat loss through convection coefficient h (t) of cable; Step 4, calculate lead wire and earth wire heat loss through convection coefficient after, only there is a known variables in equation, brings material and transmission line parameter into, and introduce transmission line wire dynamic current-carrying capacity data, adopts Newton iteration method to solve the Temperature Distribution obtaining wire; Step 5, all only to carry out at a space exploration point in view of solving above, only needing to carry out to each space exploration point on transmission line of electricity the monitoring that step 3, step 4 just can realize transmission line wire distributed temperature;
On transmission line of electricity, the OPGW of the same space position and the steady-state heat balance equation of wire can be described below:
OPGW：Q
so Q
ro Q
co＝0 (1)
Wire: I
2r (T
d)+Q
sDq
rDq
cD=0 (2)
Formula (1) and (2) middle Q
so, Q
sDbe respectively the solar radiation power of OPGW and wire absorption, these two amounts are all unknown quantitys; I is the current-carrying capacity of wire, is known quantity; R (T
d) be the resistance per unit length of wire, the temperature correlation of its size and wire; Q
roand Q
rDbe respectively the heat-radiation heat-dissipating power of OPGW and wire, Q
coand Q
cDbe respectively the heat loss through convection power of OPGW and wire, their expression formula is as follows:
Q
rD＝D
D[(T
D+273)
4(T
0+273)
4] (4)
Q
co＝h(t)D
O(T
OPGW T
0) (5)
Q
cD＝h(t)D
D(T
D T
0) (6)
In formula, h (t) is heat loss through convection coefficient, and thinks that wire and OPGW have identical surfacing characteristic, so think that wire is identical on heat loss through convection coefficient with OPGW; T in formula
oPGWfor sensor fibre temperature in OPGW, T
dfor conductor temperature, T
0for environment temperature, D
oand D
dbe respectively the diameter of OPGW and wire, be the surface emissivity coefficient of material, Si Difen-Boltzmann constant, its value is 5.6710
8w/m
2.
Because OPGW is identical with locus, wire place, so their physical environment is also consistent, OPGW surface is consistent with the situation at sunshine that conductive line surfaces is subject to, so the solar radiation power of OPGW and wire has following relation:
(1) formula is multiplied by D
d/ D
osubtract each other with (2) formula afterwards and obtain following equation:
I
2R(T
D)＝D
D[(T
D+273)
4(T
OPGW+273)
4]+h(t)D
D(T
D T
OPGW) (8)
Two known variables T are had in formula
dwith h (t), data that multiple adjacent time measurements of same sensing point obtain can be adopted to try to achieve heat loss through convection coefficient h (t) of cable; Therefore, only there is conductor temperature T in formula (8)
dfor known variables, so can solve conductor temperature, Newton iteration method is adopted to solve:
Order:
(9)
Then:
N is iterations (10)
The distributed temperature of wire can be calculated by (9) formula, (10) formula.
The present invention adopts BOTDR equipment to be connected with the single-mode fiber of in OPGW, BOTDR carries out distributed monitoring to the temperature on OPGW, in conjunction with the wire dynamic current-carrying capacity information of transmission line of electricity, conductor material information and OPGW material information, realized calculating and the monitoring of transmission line wire Temperature Distribution by existing computing method.
The method of arrangement of conductors formula on-line temperature monitoring is carried out based on temperature data on the OPGW that the present invention monitors by BOTDR and electric power system data, this monitoring method is without the need to mounting temperature sensor on wire, also the temperature of not direct measure traverse line, but the OPGW cable Temperature Distribution obtained using BOTDR device measuring is as data basis, and then indirectly obtained the Temperature Distribution of wire by data processing.The method intelligence degree is high, is convenient to computing machine and automatically calculates, and obtains the real time status of transmission line wire Temperature Distribution, has important economic worth and social value.
Concrete steps are as follows:
Step 1: connection device, is connected the optical fiber of BOTDR equipment with circuit OPGW, using OPGW inner fiber as sensing unit;
Step 2: data acquisition, adopts BOTDR equipment to gather the light signal that on circuit, the scattering of OPGW inner fiber is returned, and carries out demodulation to light signal, obtain the Temperature Distribution of OPGW on transmission line of electricity;
Step 3: the thermodynamical model relation adopting OPGW and wire, tries to achieve the heat loss through convection coefficient of line cable according to the multiple data in the time adjacent segments that each sensing point detects;
Step 4: adopt transmission line wire load monitoring system to obtain wire dynamic current-carrying capacity information; And current-carrying capacity information is input to the use preparing against calculating in computing machine and data processing unit by USB interface.
Step 5: for each point on transmission line of electricity, adopts Newton iteration method to solve the Temperature Distribution of wire;
The invention has the beneficial effects as follows: an equipment only need be adopted to carry out installation in transformer station and just can realize the OPGW of real-time on transmission line of electricity, long distance and the Temperature Distribution on-line monitoring of wire.
Accompanying drawing explanation
Fig. 1 is the schematic diagram of apparatus of the present invention.
Embodiment
The invention will be further described by reference to the accompanying drawings.
As shown in Figure 1, a kind of transmission line wire Temperature Distribution formula monitoring device based on BOTDR, comprise Brillouin optical time-domain reflectometer (BOTDR), distributed fiberoptic sensor, current carrying capacity of conductor monitoring system, computing machine and information process unit, described distributed fiberoptic sensor is a sensor fibre in OPGW optical, it is characterized in that: BOTDR is arranged in ultra-high-tension power transmission line power regulation station, OPGW internal sensor optical fiber is by the optical fiber interface access BOTDR in transformer station, current carrying capacity of conductor monitoring system and BOTDR are connected with computing machine and information process unit respectively.
A sensor fibre in described Optical Fiber composite overhead Ground Wire is single-mode fiber.
Described current carrying capacity of conductor monitoring system is connected with computing machine and data processing unit by USB interface with BOTDR, and computing machine and data processing unit receive the wire dynamic current-carrying capacity information that temperature on distributed fiberoptic sensor that BOTDR sends on each locus and strain information and current carrying capacity of conductor monitoring system send; And complete storage, management, calculating and information displaying, the distributed temperature of transmission line wire is calculated by existing respective algorithms.
Based on the method for the transmission line wire Temperature Distribution formula monitoring device of BOTDR, specifically carry out according to the following steps: step one, utilize BOTDR to monitor to obtain the Temperature Distribution T of OPGW
oPGW, set up steady-state heat balance equation (1) formula and (2) formula of wire and any corresponding point in space of OPGW; Step 2, character according to formula (7), be multiplied by D by (1) formula
d/ D
osubtract each other with (2) formula afterwards and obtain formula (8); Step 3, comprise two unknown numbers in view of in formula (8): conductor temperature T
dwith heat loss through convection coefficient h (t) of lead wire and earth wire, adopt data that multiple adjacent time measurements of same sensing point obtain to try to achieve heat loss through convection coefficient h (t) of cable; Step 4, calculate lead wire and earth wire heat loss through convection coefficient after, only there is a known variables in equation, brings material and transmission line parameter into, and introduce transmission line wire dynamic current-carrying capacity data, adopts Newton iteration method to solve the Temperature Distribution obtaining wire; Step 5, all only to carry out at a space exploration point in view of solving above, only needing to carry out to each space exploration point on transmission line of electricity the monitoring that step 3, step 4 just can realize transmission line wire distributed temperature;
On transmission line of electricity, the OPGW of the same space position and the steady-state heat balance equation of wire can be described below:
OPGW：Q
so Q
ro Q
co＝0 (1)
Wire: I
2r (T
d)+Q
sDq
rDq
cD=0 (2)
Formula (1) and (2) middle Q
so, Q
sDbe respectively the solar radiation power of OPGW and wire absorption, these two amounts are all unknown quantitys; I is the current-carrying capacity of wire, is known quantity; R (T
d) be the resistance per unit length of wire, the temperature correlation of its size and wire; Q
roand Q
rDbe respectively the heat-radiation heat-dissipating power of OPGW and wire, Q
coand Q
cDbe respectively the heat loss through convection power of OPGW and wire, their expression formula is as follows:
Q
rD＝D
D[(T
D+273)
4(T
0+273)
4] (4)
Q
co＝h(t)D
O(T
OPGW T
0) (5)
Q
cD＝h(t)D
D(T
D T
0) (6)
In formula, h (t) is heat loss through convection coefficient, and thinks that wire and OPGW have identical surfacing characteristic, so think that wire is identical on heat loss through convection coefficient with OPGW; T in formula
oPGWfor sensor fibre temperature in OPGW, T
dfor conductor temperature, T
0for environment temperature, D
oand D
dbe respectively the diameter of OPGW and wire, be the surface emissivity coefficient of material, Si Difen-Boltzmann constant, its value is 5.6710
8w/m
2.
Because OPGW is identical with locus, wire place, so their physical environment is also consistent, OPGW surface is consistent with the situation at sunshine that conductive line surfaces is subject to, so the solar radiation power of OPGW and wire has following relation:
(1) formula is multiplied by D
d/ D
osubtract each other with (2) formula afterwards and obtain following equation:
I
2R(T
D)＝D
D[(T
D+273)
4(T
OPGW+273)
4]+h(t)D
D(T
D T
OPGW) (8)
Two known variables T are had in formula
dwith h (t), data that multiple adjacent time measurements of same sensing point obtain can be adopted to try to achieve heat loss through convection coefficient h (t) of cable; Therefore, only there is conductor temperature T in formula (8)
dfor known variables, so can solve conductor temperature, Newton iteration method is adopted to solve:
Order:
(9)
Then:
N is iterations (10)
The distributed temperature of wire can be calculated by (9) formula, (10) formula.
BOTDR is to Optical Fiber composite overhead Ground Wire i.e. distributed fiberoptic sensor emission pulse laser signal, and when light signal is propagated in a fiber, the impact by fiber optic materials can produce back scattering light signal; When OPGW temperature, strain change after, the microstructure of optical fiber also can change, and causes the centre wavelength of rear orientation light to offset; Just can calculate temperature by the time of return detecting rear orientation light, strain the position changed, realize the space orientation of path monitoring, and demodulate the temperature of each position along the line and strain size.The temperature obtain BOTDR and strain information are transferred to computing machine and data processing unit by USB interface, current carrying capacity of conductor monitoring system be monitored the wire dynamic current-carrying capacity information transmission that obtains to computing machine and data processing unit simultaneously, carry out the heat loss through convection coefficient calculations along the line and arrangement of conductors formula temperature computation, and complete the storage of data, management, calculating, result display and abnormal alarm etc., reach the Real-Time Monitoring object to arrangement of conductors formula temperature.
Adopt BOTDR, by the temperature T of each sensing point on circuit
oPGWwith stress demodulation out, demodulate temperature and stress, utilize BOTDR demodulation to obtain the Temperature Distribution T of OPGW
oPGW, heat loss through convection coefficient h (t) of each spatial point on computational scheme is calculated according to the transient heat balance equation of OPGW; After the heat loss through convection coefficient obtaining transmission line of electricity, answer the solar radiation power of spatial point to have the condition of regulated linear relation according to transmission line of electricity OPGW and wire Arbitrary Relative, set up the steady-state heat balance relational expression of OPGW and wire; After setting up OPGW and wire steady-state heat balance relational expression, obtain the relational expression of conductor temperature distribution and OPGW Temperature Distribution.The dynamic current-carrying capacity information of lead-in conductor, and the Temperature Distribution adopting Newton iteration method to solve to obtain transmission pressure.
Claims (5)
1. the transmission line wire Temperature Distribution formula monitoring device based on BOTDR, comprise Brillouin optical time-domain reflectometer (BOTDR), distributed fiberoptic sensor, current carrying capacity of conductor monitoring system, computing machine and information process unit, described distributed fiberoptic sensor is a sensor fibre in OPGW optical, it is characterized in that: BOTDR is arranged in ultra-high-tension power transmission line power regulation station, OPGW internal sensor optical fiber is by the optical fiber interface access BOTDR in transformer station, current carrying capacity of conductor monitoring system and BOTDR are connected with computing machine and information process unit respectively.
2. the transmission line wire Temperature Distribution formula monitoring device based on BOTDR according to claim 1, is characterized in that: a sensor fibre in described Optical Fiber composite overhead Ground Wire is single-mode fiber.
3. the transmission line wire Temperature Distribution formula monitoring device based on BOTDR according to claim 1 and 2, it is characterized in that: described current carrying capacity of conductor monitoring system is connected with computing machine and data processing unit by USB interface with BOTDR, computing machine and data processing unit receive the wire dynamic current-carrying capacity information that temperature on distributed fiberoptic sensor that BOTDR sends on each locus and strain information and current carrying capacity of conductor monitoring system send; And complete storage, management, calculating and information displaying, the distributed temperature of transmission line wire is calculated by existing respective algorithms.
4. utilize the method for the transmission line wire Temperature Distribution formula monitoring device based on BOTDR described in claim 3, it is characterized in that carrying out according to the following steps: step one, heat loss through convection coefficient h (t) according to each spatial point on the transient heat balance equation computing electric power line of OPGW; Step 2, answer the solar radiation power of spatial point to have the condition of regulated linear relation according to transmission line of electricity OPGW and wire Arbitrary Relative, set up the steady-state heat balance relational expression of OPGW and wire; The dynamic current-carrying capacity information of step 3, lead-in conductor, and the Temperature Distribution adopting Newton iteration method to solve to obtain transmission pressure.
5. the method for the transmission line wire Temperature Distribution formula monitoring device based on BOTDR according to claim 4, is characterized in that carrying out according to the following steps: step one, utilize BOTDR to monitor to obtain the Temperature Distribution T of OPGW
oPGW, set up steady-state heat balance equation (1) formula and (2) formula of wire and any corresponding point in space of OPGW; Step 2, character according to formula (7), be multiplied by D by (1) formula
d/ D
osubtract each other with (2) formula afterwards and obtain formula (8); Step 3, comprise two unknown numbers in view of in formula (8): conductor temperature T
dwith heat loss through convection coefficient h (t) of lead wire and earth wire, adopt data that multiple adjacent time measurements of same sensing point obtain to try to achieve heat loss through convection coefficient h (t) of cable; Step 4, calculate lead wire and earth wire heat loss through convection coefficient after, only there is a known variables in equation, brings material and transmission line parameter into, and introduce transmission line wire dynamic current-carrying capacity data, adopts Newton iteration method to solve the Temperature Distribution obtaining wire; Step 5, all only to carry out at a space exploration point in view of solving above, only needing to carry out to each space exploration point on transmission line of electricity the monitoring that step 3, step 4 just can realize transmission line wire distributed temperature;
On transmission line of electricity, the OPGW of the same space position and the steady-state heat balance equation of wire are described below:
OPGW：Q
so Q
ro Q
co＝0 (1)
Wire: I
2r (T
d)+Q
sDq
rDq
cD=0 (2)
Formula (1) and (2) middle Q
so, Q
sDbe respectively the solar radiation power of OPGW and wire absorption, these two amounts are all unknown quantitys; I is the current-carrying capacity of wire, is known quantity; R (T
d) be the resistance per unit length of wire, the temperature correlation of its size and wire; Q
roand Q
rDbe respectively the heat-radiation heat-dissipating power of OPGW and wire, Q
coand Q
cDbe respectively the heat loss through convection power of OPGW and wire, their expression formula is as follows:
Q
rD＝D
D[(T
D+273)
4(T
0+273)4](4)
Q
co＝h(t)D
O(T
OPGW T
0) (5)
Q
cD＝h(t)D
D(T
D T
0) (6)
In formula, h (t) is heat loss through convection coefficient, and thinks that wire and OPGW have identical surfacing characteristic, so think that wire is identical on heat loss through convection coefficient with OPGW; T in formula
oPGWfor sensor fibre temperature in OPGW, T
dfor conductor temperature, T
0for environment temperature, D
oand D
dbe respectively the diameter of OPGW and wire, be the surface emissivity coefficient of material, Si Difen-Boltzmann constant, its value is 5.6710
8w/m
2;
Because OPGW is identical with locus, wire place, so their physical environment is also consistent, OPGW surface is consistent with the situation at sunshine that conductive line surfaces is subject to, so the solar radiation power of OPGW and wire has following relation:
(1) formula is multiplied by D
d/ D
osubtract each other with (2) formula afterwards and obtain following equation:
I
2R(T
D)＝D
D[(T
D+273)
4(T
OPGW+273)
4]+h(t)D
D(T
D T
OPGW) (8)
Two known variables T are had in formula
dwith h (t), adopt data that multiple adjacent time measurements of same sensing point obtain to try to achieve heat loss through convection coefficient h (t) of cable; Therefore, only there is conductor temperature T in formula (8)
dfor known variables, so solve conductor temperature, Newton iteration method is adopted to solve:
Order:
(9)
Then:
n is iterations (10)
The distributed temperature of wire is calculated by (9) formula, (10) formula.
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| CN107196277A (en) * | 2017-06-02 | 2017-09-22 | 重庆大学 | The active heat protection method of transmission line of electricity predicted based on electric current tolerance time |
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