CN102098032B - Delay switching circuit for inhibiting electrifying pulse current - Google Patents

Delay switching circuit for inhibiting electrifying pulse current Download PDF

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CN102098032B
CN102098032B CN201110043397.9A CN201110043397A CN102098032B CN 102098032 B CN102098032 B CN 102098032B CN 201110043397 A CN201110043397 A CN 201110043397A CN 102098032 B CN102098032 B CN 102098032B
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switching tube
switch pipe
connects
battery
resistance
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CN102098032A (en
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潘启辉
熊运远
卢良飞
冯超
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Hytera Communications Corp Ltd
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Hytera Communications Corp Ltd
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Abstract

The invention provides a delay switching circuit for inhibiting electrifying pulse current. The delay switching circuit delays the breakover of a second switching tube through a switch delay time timing network which consists of a second resistor and a second capacitor; and when the second switching tube is switched on, a first capacitor is charged, then a first switching tube is switched on, and a battery starts to supply electricity to a main circuit. The first switching tube is connected to a main power supply loop to serve as a delay switch; when power is on, the delay switch delays a certain period of time, and then connects a power supply with the main power supply loop; the switch on of the delay switch takes variable resistance transition time from big resistance to small resistance; and the instant electrifying pulse current is effectively inhibited in time by double action of delay and variable resistance switch on, so that the aims of eliminating striking fire of battery pole pieces and reducing the electromagnetic interference of instant electrifying are fulfilled.

Description

A kind of delay switching circuit that suppresses electric pulse current
Technical field
The present invention relates to switching circuit technical field, particularly a kind of delay switching circuit that suppresses electric pulse current.
Background technology
In the power-supplying circuit of handheld device, generally have the electric capacity of certain capacity, at powered on moment, power supply will be to these capacitor chargings, thereby produce larger pulse current.
The pulse high current of powered on moment will bring the problem of two aspects: the one, and when battery pole piece contacts when unstable, these larger pulse currents produce higher heat by the contact site at battery pole piece, and by battery pole piece local melting.The battery pole piece ambient air of fusing sharply expands and produces blast simultaneously, and the air-flow of blast, molten metal liquid band air towards periphery, produces spark and splashes.The 2nd, the pulse high current that momentary charge produces brings stronger electromagnetic interference to space around.
At present, the spark that while powering in order to reduce, battery pole piece produces is generally made an issue of in battery pole piece material, structure and processing technology, but will increase the cost of battery pole piece like this, and effective arc control phenomenon.The flameproof handhold equipment that inflammable and explosive environment is used, for fear of battery pole piece, produce spark, with application specific architecture by battery together with handheld device main frame deadlock, to reduce the probability of battery pole piece shake, but such structure dismounting cell is inconvenience quite, and when running into violent shock or falling, battery pole piece produces pyrophoric hidden danger and still exists.Therefore, utilize the method for changing mechanical structure to can't resolve the electromagnetic interference problem producing while powering on.
In prior art, provide a kind of current limiting switch circuit, referring to Fig. 1.
B+1 is the positive pole of battery, and B-1 is the negative pole of battery, and VB+ is the positive pole of handheld device main circuit 100, and VB-is the negative pole of handheld device main circuit 100.
Series current sampling resistor RD in main current supply circuit, RD is converted to sampled voltage by the operating current of circuit, second switch pipe Q2 controls the state of the first switching tube Q1 again after sampled voltage is amplified, thereby the operating current of limiting circuit exceeds maximum permissible current.
Owing to will gathering electric current in this circuit, then be converted to sampled voltage, by sampled voltage, control the first switching tube again, such Current Feedback Control process exists and postpones, the inhibitory action of the large pulse current producing suddenly when powering on is not obvious, and be connected in series current sampling resistor and will bring loss in main current supply circuit, thereby the utilization ratio of reduction battery.
Summary of the invention
The technical problem to be solved in the present invention is to provide a kind of delay switching circuit that suppresses electric pulse current, can effectively prevent that battery pole piece from producing spark and the electromagnetic interference that reduces device power moment generation, can not reduce battery utilization ratio simultaneously.
The invention provides a kind of delay switching circuit that suppresses electric pulse current, comprising: the first switching tube, second switch pipe, the first resistance, the second resistance, the first electric capacity and the second electric capacity;
The first end of the first switching tube connects the positive pole of battery, and the second end connects the positive pole of handheld device main circuit;
Between the first end of the first switching tube and the 3rd end, connect the first electric capacity;
The 3rd end of the first switching tube connects the second end of second switch pipe by the first resistance;
The 3rd end of second switch pipe is by the second capacity earth, the first end ground connection of second switch pipe;
The 3rd end of second switch pipe connects the positive pole of battery by the second resistance;
The minus earth of battery, the minus earth of handheld device main circuit.
Preferably, also comprise the first diode, the positive pole of the first diode connects the second end of second switch pipe, and negative electrode connects the 3rd end of the first switching tube.
Preferably, also comprise the second diode, the positive pole of the second diode connects the 3rd end of second switch pipe, and negative electrode connects the positive pole of battery.
Preferably, also comprise the 3rd resistance that is connected in parallel on the first electric capacity two ends.
Preferably, also comprise the 4th resistance, the 3rd end of second switch pipe is by the 4th grounding through resistance.
Preferably, described the first switching tube is field effect transistor; Described second switch pipe is field effect transistor or transistor;
When the first switching tube is field effect transistor, the first end of the first switching tube is source electrode, and the second end is drain electrode, and the 3rd end is grid;
When second switch pipe is field effect transistor, the first end of second switch pipe is source electrode, and the second end is drain electrode, and the 3rd end is grid; When second switch pipe is transistor, the first end of second switch pipe is collector electrode, and the second end is emitter, and the 3rd end is base stage.
The present invention also provides a kind of delay switching circuit that suppresses electric pulse current, comprising: the first switching tube, second switch pipe, the first resistance, the second resistance, the first electric capacity and the second electric capacity;
The first end of the first switching tube connects the negative pole of battery, and the second end connects the negative pole of handheld device main circuit;
The 3rd end of the first switching tube connects the positive pole of battery by the first resistance, the positive pole of battery connects the positive pole of handheld device main circuit simultaneously;
The second end of second switch pipe connects the 3rd end of the first switching tube;
The 3rd end of second switch pipe connects the positive pole of battery by the second electric capacity;
Between the 3rd end of the first switching tube and first end, be connected with the first electric capacity;
The first end ground connection of second switch pipe, the 3rd end connects the negative pole of battery by the second resistance;
The minus earth of handheld device main circuit.
Preferably, also comprise the 3rd resistance that is parallel to the first electric capacity two ends.
Preferably, also comprise the first diode, the positive pole of the first diode connects the 3rd end of the first switching tube, and negative electrode connects the positive pole of battery.
Preferably, described the first switching tube is field effect transistor; Described second switch pipe is field effect transistor or transistor;
When the first switching tube is field effect transistor, the first end of the first switching tube is source electrode, and the second end is drain electrode, and the 3rd end is grid;
When second switch pipe is field effect transistor, the first end of second switch pipe is source electrode, and the second end is drain electrode, and the 3rd end is grid; When second switch pipe is transistor, the first end of second switch pipe is collector electrode, and the second end is emitter, and the 3rd end is base stage.
Compared with prior art, the present invention has the following advantages:
In inhibition provided by the invention, in the main current supply circuit of the delay switching circuit of electric pulse current, there is no current sampling resistor, therefore do not exist resistance to bring the problem of loss, do not affect the utilization ratio of battery.The switching delay time timing network that this delay switching circuit utilizes the second resistance and the second electric capacity to form postpones the conducting of the second switching tube, after the conducting of second switch pipe, the first electric capacity just charges, then just conducting of the first switching tube, and battery just starts to power for main circuit.Utilize this time difference to guarantee just to switch on after battery pole piece contact stabilization, can avoid like this battery pole piece to produce spark.And this delay switching circuit does not have feedback line to postpone, and Current Control speed, can effectively limit the pulse current while powering on.Circuit provided by the invention has just carried out effective restriction to charge pulse currents in the moment that main circuit is powered up, and does not need sampling and the deterministic process of electric current, so current limliting in time fast effectively.The present invention utilizes the double action that postpones to connect and suppress charging current, has effectively eliminated the hidden danger of battery pole piece contact sparking while powering on and the hidden danger that powered on moment produces electromagnetic interference.
Accompanying drawing explanation
Fig. 1 is a kind of current limiting switch circuit diagram providing in prior art;
Fig. 2 is delay switching circuit embodiment mono-structure chart of electric pulse current in inhibition provided by the invention;
Fig. 3 is delay switching circuit embodiment bis-structure charts of electric pulse current in inhibition provided by the invention;
Fig. 4 is that the first switching tube conducting resistance provided by the invention is controlled curve;
Fig. 5 is delay switching circuit embodiment tri-structure charts of electric pulse current in inhibition provided by the invention;
Fig. 6 is delay switching circuit embodiment tetra-structure charts of electric pulse current in inhibition provided by the invention;
Fig. 7 is the input voltage of intercom while there is no delay switching circuit in prior art, postpones output voltage and the charging current oscillogram that powers on;
Fig. 8 is the input voltage that the present invention adds intercom after delay switching circuit, postpones output voltage and the charging current oscillogram that powers on.
Embodiment
For above-mentioned purpose of the present invention, feature and advantage can be become apparent more, below in conjunction with accompanying drawing, the specific embodiment of the present invention is described in detail.
Referring to Fig. 2, this figure is delay switching circuit embodiment mono-structure chart of electric pulse current in inhibition provided by the invention.
The delay switching circuit of electric pulse current in the inhibition that the present embodiment provides, comprising: the first switching tube Q1, second switch pipe Q2, the first resistance R 1, the second resistance R 2, the first capacitor C 1 and the second capacitor C 2;
The first end of the first switching tube Q1 connects the anodal B+1 of battery, and the second end connects the anodal VB+ of handheld device main circuit 100;
Between the first end of the first switching tube Q1 and the 3rd end, connect the first capacitor C 1;
The 3rd end of the first switching tube Q1 connects the second end of second switch pipe Q2 by the first resistance R 1;
The 3rd end of second switch pipe Q2 is by the second capacitor C 2 ground connection, the first end ground connection of second switch pipe Q2;
The 3rd end of second switch pipe Q2 connects the anodal B+1 of battery by the second resistance R 2;
The negative pole B-1 ground connection of battery, the negative pole VB-ground connection of handheld device main circuit 100.
Wherein, R1 and C1 form current limliting integrating circuit; R2 and C2 form switching delay time timing network.
When the charging voltage on C2 reaches the turn-on threshold voltage of Q2, Q2 conducting, C1 starts charging.
After Q2 conducting, utilize the integral characteristic of R1 and C1, delay the rise time of the bias voltage VGSQ1 of Q1.According to the control relation of the bias voltage VGSQ1 of Q1 and conducting resistance Rds (on), in the process of C1 charging the conducting of Q1 exist one by infinity the variable resistance process to complete conducting.
At C1, start the charging stage, the bias voltage VGSQ1 of Q1 is lower, and conducting resistance is larger, can suppress like this charge pulse currents of battery to handheld device main circuit.Along with the rising of C1 charging voltage, Q1 enters complete conducting state, and now conducting resistance becomes tens very little bold and unconstrained Europe, and so little resistance is very little on the utilization ratio impact of battery.
The concrete value of C1 and R1 so that Q1 open variable resistance in transit time, power supply has completed the charging process to main circuit, so the effective charging current that powers on of suppression equipment main circuit.
The design parameter of R2 and C2 can pack the shake time of battery pole piece after handheld device into according to battery and determine, object is after battery pole piece contact stabilization, just to make Q1 conducting, thereby guarantee that battery pole piece contacted between amphibolia, did not have large electric current to pass through on battery pole piece.
The concrete selection of Q1 can determine according to the input total capacitance of handheld device main circuit operating current and cell voltage and main circuit power end, while guaranteeing Q1 conducting to all there being enough withstand voltage and power redundancy degree between main circuit charge period and between normal epoch.The battery pole piece contact shake time because of the material of pole piece is different with structure and service time different having any different, be generally less than 200ms.So, the charging interval of R2 and C2 determine to surpass after 200ms at battery electricity load facility, the charging voltage of C2 just reaches the turn-on threshold voltage of Q1.
In the main current supply circuit of the delay switching circuit that the embodiment of the present invention provides, there is no current sampling resistor, therefore do not exist resistance to bring the problem of loss, do not affect the utilization ratio of battery.The switching delay time timing network that this delay switching circuit utilizes R2 and C2 to form postpones the conducting of Q2, and after Q2 conducting, C1 just charges, then just conducting of Q1, and battery just starts to power for main circuit.Utilize this time difference to guarantee just to switch on after battery pole piece contact stabilization, can avoid like this battery pole piece to produce spark.And this delay switching circuit does not have feedback line to postpone, and Current Control speed, can effectively limit the pulse current while powering on.
Referring to Fig. 3, this figure is delay switching circuit embodiment bis-structure charts that electric pulse current in the inhibition providing is provided.
The difference of circuit shown in Fig. 3 and Fig. 2 is to have increased the first diode D1, the second diode D2 and the 3rd resistance R 3;
The positive pole of the first diode D1 connects the 3rd end of second switch pipe Q2, and negative electrode connects the anodal B+1 of battery.
The positive pole of the second diode D2 connects the second end of second switch pipe Q2, and negative electrode connects the 3rd end of the first switching tube Q1.
Two ends the 3rd resistance R 3 in parallel of the first electric capacity.
In the present embodiment, the parameter value of each device can be selected following numerical value:
C1=0.01μF;C2=1μF;R1=100kΩ;R2=2MΩ;R3=1MΩ。
The first switching tube Q1 in the present embodiment is preferably P type field effect transistor (metal-oxide-semiconductor); Described second switch pipe Q2 is chosen as N-type field effect transistor or negative-positive-negative transistor;
When the first switching tube Q1 is field effect transistor, the first end of the first switching tube Q1 is source electrode, and the second end is drain electrode, and the 3rd end is grid;
When second switch pipe Q2 is field effect transistor, the first end of second switch pipe Q2 is source electrode, and the second end is drain electrode, and the 3rd end is grid.When second switch pipe Q2 is transistor, the first end of second switch pipe Q2 is collector electrode, and the second end is emitter, and the 3rd end is base stage.
The effect of D1, D2, R3 and R4 is when battery and main circuit disconnecting, accelerates the electric discharge of C1 and C2, thereby improves the response speed of the delay switching circuit pulse voltage that shake causes to battery pole piece.To guarantee that the delay variable resistance reliable in function of switch is effective during battery pole piece contact shake.
In delay switching circuit shown in Fig. 3, can also comprise the 4th resistance R 4, the 3rd end of second switch pipe Q2 is by the 4th resistance R 4 ground connection.
Referring to Fig. 4, this figure is that the first switching tube conducting resistance provided by the invention is controlled curve.
As can be seen from Figure 4, the conducting resistance of Q1 is along with the variation of the gate source voltage of Q1 has the process of a variable resistance.
The first switching tube in the delay switching circuit that above embodiment provides is connected between the positive pole of battery and the positive pole of main circuit, introduce another embodiment that operation principle is identical below, different is that this first switching tube is connected between the negative pole of battery and the negative pole of main circuit, and the first switching tube Q1 has made N-type field effect transistor into.
Referring to Fig. 5, this figure is delay switching circuit embodiment tri-structure charts of electric pulse current in inhibition provided by the invention.
The delay switching circuit of electric pulse current in the inhibition that the present embodiment provides, comprising: the first switching tube Q1, second switch pipe Q2, the first resistance R 1, the second resistance R 2, the first capacitor C 1 and the second capacitor C 2;
The first end of the first switching tube Q1 connects the negative pole B-1 of battery, and the second end connects the negative pole VB-of handheld device main circuit 100;
The 3rd end of the first switching tube Q1 connects the anodal B+1 of battery by the first resistance R 1, the anodal B+1 of battery connects the anodal VB+ of handheld device main circuit 100 simultaneously;
The second end of second switch pipe Q2 connects the 3rd end of the first switching tube Q1;
The 3rd end of second switch pipe Q2 connects the positive pole of battery by the second capacitor C 2;
Between the 3rd end of the first switching tube Q1 and first end, be connected with the first capacitor C 1;
The first end ground connection of second switch pipe Q2, the 3rd end connects the negative pole B+1 of battery by the second resistance R 1;
The negative pole VB-ground connection of handheld device main circuit.
The operation principle of the circuit shown in the circuit shown in Fig. 5 and Fig. 2 is basic identical, just Q2 cut-off, and Q1 could conducting.Powered on moment, the 3rd end that the anodal B+1 of battery is added to Q2 by C2 makes Q2 conducting, and the second end of Q2 conduction period Q1 and the 3rd end are ended without bias voltage by short circuit.Along with the charging of C2, the voltage of Q2 the 3rd end drops to below turn-on threshold voltage, after Q2 cut-off, and C1 just start the to have charged control procedure of opening of Q1.
For the circuit shown in Fig. 5, the embodiment of the present invention also provides a kind of delay switching circuit, shown in Figure 6, with the difference of Fig. 5 be to have increased the first diode D1 and the 3rd resistance R 3.
The effect of the first diode D1 and the 3rd resistance R 3 is for when battery and the main circuit disconnecting, accelerates the electric discharge of C1 and C2, thereby improves the response speed of the delay switching circuit pulse voltage that shake causes to battery pole piece.
Oscillogram corresponding to interphone circuit that the handheld device of take is below 5W as transmitting power, the oscillogram that contrast does not have delay switching circuit provided by the invention and adds delay switching circuit provided by the invention, embodies the beneficial effect that the present invention brings.
Referring to Fig. 7, this figure is the input voltage of intercom while there is no delay switching circuit in prior art, postpones output voltage and the charging current oscillogram that powers on.
Referring to Fig. 8, this figure is the input voltage that the present invention adds intercom after delay switching circuit, postpones output voltage and the charging current oscillogram that powers on.
As can be seen from Figures 7 and 8, when cell voltage is 7.4V, the pulse current peak that powers on drops to 0.26A by 12A, and switching delay ON time is 428ms.As can be seen here, delay switching circuit of the present invention has reduced pulse current by a relatively large margin, can effectively prevent that like this battery pole piece from producing spark.
The present invention utilizes the large resistance of metal-oxide-semiconductor conducting starting stage to limit the charging current of main circuit voltage, and the variable resistance transit time while extending MOS conducting is to complete the charging process of battery to main circuit.
The above, be only preferred embodiment of the present invention, not the present invention done to any pro forma restriction.Although the present invention discloses as above with preferred embodiment, yet not in order to limit the present invention.Any those of ordinary skill in the art, do not departing from technical solution of the present invention scope situation, all can utilize method and the technology contents of above-mentioned announcement to make many possible changes and modification to technical solution of the present invention, or be revised as the equivalent embodiment of equivalent variations.Therefore, every content that does not depart from technical solution of the present invention,, all still belongs in the scope of technical solution of the present invention protection any simple modification made for any of the above embodiments, equivalent variations and modification according to technical spirit of the present invention.

Claims (6)

1. a delay switching circuit for electric pulse current in inhibition, is characterized in that, comprising: the first switching tube, second switch pipe, the first resistance, the second resistance, the first electric capacity, the second electric capacity and the first diode;
The first end of the first switching tube connects the positive pole of battery, and the second end connects the positive pole of handheld device main circuit;
Between the first end of the first switching tube and the 3rd end, connect the first electric capacity;
The 3rd end of the first switching tube connects the second end of second switch pipe by the first resistance;
The 3rd end of second switch pipe is by the second capacity earth, the first end ground connection of second switch pipe;
The 3rd end of second switch pipe connects the positive pole of battery by the second resistance;
The minus earth of battery, the minus earth of handheld device main circuit;
The positive pole of the first diode connects the second end of second switch pipe, and negative electrode connects the 3rd end of the first switching tube;
Described the first switching tube and second switch Guan Jun are parallel with backward diode;
Described the first switching tube is field effect transistor; Described second switch pipe is field effect transistor or transistor;
When the first switching tube is field effect transistor, the first end of the first switching tube is source electrode, and the second end is drain electrode, and the 3rd end is grid;
When second switch pipe is field effect transistor, the first end of second switch pipe is source electrode, and the second end is drain electrode, and the 3rd end is grid; When second switch pipe is transistor, the first end of second switch pipe is collector electrode, and the second end is emitter, and the 3rd end is base stage.
2. delay switching circuit according to claim 1, is characterized in that, also comprises the second diode, and the positive pole of the second diode connects the 3rd end of second switch pipe, and negative electrode connects the positive pole of battery.
3. delay switching circuit according to claim 1, is characterized in that, also comprises the 3rd resistance that is connected in parallel on the first electric capacity two ends.
4. delay switching circuit according to claim 1, is characterized in that, also comprises the 4th resistance, and the 3rd end of second switch pipe is by the 4th grounding through resistance.
5. a delay switching circuit for electric pulse current in inhibition, is characterized in that, comprising: the first switching tube, second switch pipe, the first resistance, the second resistance, the first electric capacity, the second electric capacity and the first diode;
The first end of the first switching tube connects the negative pole of battery, and the second end connects the negative pole of handheld device main circuit;
The 3rd end of the first switching tube connects the positive pole of battery by the first resistance, the positive pole of battery connects the positive pole of handheld device main circuit simultaneously;
The second end of second switch pipe connects the 3rd end of the first switching tube;
The 3rd end of second switch pipe connects the positive pole of battery by the second electric capacity;
Between the 3rd end of the first switching tube and first end, be connected with the first electric capacity;
The first end ground connection of second switch pipe, the 3rd end connects the negative pole of battery by the second resistance;
The minus earth of handheld device main circuit;
The positive pole of the first diode connects the 3rd end of the first switching tube, and negative electrode connects the positive pole of battery;
Described the first switching tube and second switch Guan Jun are parallel with backward diode;
Described the first switching tube is field effect transistor; Described second switch pipe is field effect transistor or transistor;
When the first switching tube is field effect transistor, the first end of the first switching tube is source electrode, and the second end is drain electrode, and the 3rd end is grid;
When second switch pipe is field effect transistor, the first end of second switch pipe is source electrode, and the second end is drain electrode, and the 3rd end is grid; When second switch pipe is transistor, the first end of second switch pipe is collector electrode, and the second end is emitter, and the 3rd end is base stage.
6. delay switching circuit according to claim 5, is characterized in that, also comprises the first diode, and the positive pole of the first diode connects the 3rd end of the first switching tube, and negative electrode connects the positive pole of battery.
CN201110043397.9A 2011-02-23 2011-02-23 Delay switching circuit for inhibiting electrifying pulse current Active CN102098032B (en)

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