CN101425797A - Slow opening fast shutting electronic switch circuit and control method thereof - Google Patents
Slow opening fast shutting electronic switch circuit and control method thereof Download PDFInfo
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- CN101425797A CN101425797A CNA2007101243299A CN200710124329A CN101425797A CN 101425797 A CN101425797 A CN 101425797A CN A2007101243299 A CNA2007101243299 A CN A2007101243299A CN 200710124329 A CN200710124329 A CN 200710124329A CN 101425797 A CN101425797 A CN 101425797A
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Abstract
The invention discloses an electronic switch circuit of a slow-switch-on and rapid-switch-off type and a control method thereof. The electronic switch circuit comprises a main switch tube, a PC charging and discharging branch circuit, a control branch circuit for receiving control signals, and a switch-off branch circuit, wherein the RC charging and discharging branch circuit is respectively connected with the main switch tube and the control branch circuit. The switch-off branch circuit is connected with a charging capacitor of the RC charging and discharging branch circuit in parallel, and the control end of the switch-off branch circuit is connected with the output end of the control branch circuit. When the control branch circuit outputs a switch-off control signal to the main switch tube, the switch-off branch circuit is conducted, and the charging capacitor of the RC charging and discharging branch circuit is discharged by the switch-off branch circuit. The electronic switch circuit enables the main switch tube to be slow in conduction so as to reduce the impact current and be fast in the switch-off condition to prevent the main switch tube from severely heating to be damaged, thus, the use performance is improved and the service life is prolonged. The electric switch-on and switch-off requirements of different electronic switch circuits can be satisfied by adjusting the charging time constant and the discharging time constant of the RC.
Description
[technical field]
The present invention relates to a kind of circuit, particularly a kind of electronic switching circuit.
[background technology]
In electronic circuit, often use a kind of switching circuit, realize control output to one road voltage.With Fig. 1 is example, as main switch, realizes the output control to B12V with metal-oxide-semiconductor, when control signal CONTROL is high level, and B12V output, when control signal CONTROL is low level, the B12V no-output.But sort circuit has individual defective, and when the filter capacitor C12 of B12V appearance value is very big, in metal-oxide-semiconductor pipe Q12 conducting moment, A12V has very large impulse current, can reach dozens or even hundreds of ampere, causes the out-put supply generation overcurrent protection of A12V.
In Fig. 1, when control signal CONTROL is high level, triode Q11 conducting, the metal-oxide-semiconductor conducting of P raceway groove, B12V output; When control signal CONTROL was low level, metal-oxide-semiconductor turn-offed, the B12V no-output.General A12V is produced by Switching Power Supply; controlled voltage B12V supplies with other partial circuits and uses; in order to obtain good filtering effect or other reasons; respectively be powered circuit input end; be that the B12V front end has very large filter capacitor; equivalence is a capacitor C 12 among Fig. 1; when metal-oxide-semiconductor conducting moment; owing to there is not current-limiting apparatus; charging current to this electric capacity is very big, and instantaneous peak value can reach tens amperes, and this big electric current can cause the C12 damage on the one hand; can cause on the other hand provides A12V the power supply generation overcurrent protection of output, even damages.
Solution to the problems described above has following several at present:
1. reduce the appearance value of C12, make impulse current diminish;
2. increase is connected on the S (source electrode) of metal-oxide-semiconductor, the current-limiting resistance on D (drain electrode) circuit, reduces impulse current;
3. increase the G utmost point (gate pole) of metal-oxide-semiconductor and the electric capacity at S utmost point two ends, increase the G utmost point series resistance of metal-oxide-semiconductor; As shown in Figure 2, when control signal was high level, electric capacity charging capacitor C3 charged by R3, reached threshold voltage up to G, the S voltage of metal-oxide-semiconductor, and metal-oxide-semiconductor is progressively conducting.The method delays turn on process with the charging of RC, reduces impulse current.
The major defect of prior art:
1. reduce the appearance value of C12, can only partly reduce impulse current, and C12 appearance value reduce be with the filter effect that weakens back-end circuit and to reduce function be cost;
2. the increase current-limiting resistance though can reduce impulse current, in metal-oxide-semiconductor normally process, has pressure drop and loss on the current-limiting resistance, makes output voltage not reach requirement, and efficient reduces;
3. adopt method shown in Figure 2, the series resistance R13 of the capacitor C 13 and the G utmost point between G, the S of increase metal-oxide-semiconductor is when the metal-oxide-semiconductor conducting, in order to reduce the pressure drop of its D, S, voltage is big as far as possible between G, the S of general metal-oxide-semiconductor, so, the value of R13 is much smaller than R11, and the dividing potential drop of R11 can be bigger like this.But in the process that metal-oxide-semiconductor turn-offs, capacitor C 13 is discharged by R11, this discharge time is more much longer than the charging interval of R13, C13, can cause the turn off process of metal-oxide-semiconductor very long, makes metal-oxide-semiconductor be operated in the linear amplification district for a long time, loss is very big, causes the metal-oxide-semiconductor heating to damage.Especially under the more frequent situation of on-off ratio.
[summary of the invention]
Main purpose of the present invention is: overcome above-mentioned deficiency of the prior art, a kind of conduction property is more excellent, efficient is higher, more stable electronic switching circuit and break-make control method thereof are provided.
For achieving the above object, the present invention proposes a kind of electronic switching circuit of slow opening fast shutting, comprises that main switch, RC discharge and recharge the control branch road of branch road, reception control signal, and described RC discharges and recharges branch road and connects described main switch, control branch road respectively; Also comprise the shutoff branch road, the charging capacitor that discharges and recharges branch road with described RC is in parallel, and its control end is connected with described control branch road output; When described control branch road output during to the shutoff control signal of main switch, the conducting of described shutoff branch road, the charging capacitor that described RC discharges and recharges branch road discharges by this shutoffs branch road.
The electronic switching circuit of above-mentioned slow opening fast shutting, described shutoff branch road comprises discharge resistance, first switching tube, second switch pipe; Described discharge resistance one end is connected in described first switching tube and inputs or outputs one of utmost point utmost point, and the other end and charging capacitor one end connect altogether, described first switching tube input or output extremely in another utmost point be connected with the described charging capacitor other end; Be connected with the control utmost point of described first switching tube one of during described second switch pipe inputs or outputs extremely, another utmost point ground connection during described second switch pipe inputs or outputs extremely, the control utmost point of described second switch pipe and described control branch road output join.
The electronic switching circuit of above-mentioned slow opening fast shutting, described first switching tube, second switch pipe are triode; Described discharge resistance one end is connected in one of the described first switching tube emitter-base bandgap grading, the collector electrode utmost point, and the other end and charging capacitor one end connect altogether, and the emitter-base bandgap grading of described first switching tube, another utmost point in the collector electrode are connected with the described charging capacitor other end; One of them is connected described second switch pipe emitter-base bandgap grading, collector electrode with the base stage of described first switching tube, described second switch pipe emitter-base bandgap grading, collector electrode another utmost point ground connection wherein, and the base stage of described second switch pipe and described control branch road output join.
Or the electronic switching circuit of above-mentioned slow opening fast shutting, described first switching tube is a metal-oxide-semiconductor, described second switch pipe is a triode; Described discharge resistance one end is connected in one of the described first switching tube D utmost point, the S utmost point utmost point, and the other end and charging capacitor one end connect altogether, and the D utmost point of described first switching tube, S another utmost point in extremely is connected with the described charging capacitor other end; One of them is connected described second switch pipe emitter-base bandgap grading, collector electrode with the G utmost point of described first switching tube, described second switch pipe emitter-base bandgap grading, collector electrode another utmost point ground connection wherein, and the base stage of described second switch pipe and described control branch road output join.
The electronic switching circuit of above-mentioned slow opening fast shutting, RC discharges and recharges branch road and comprises charging capacitor, charging resistor, divider resistance, described charging capacitor, divider resistance are connected in parallel in inputing or outputing between the utmost point and the control utmost point of described main switch, described charging resistor one end and described charging capacitor, divider resistance connect altogether, and the other end is connected with described control branch road output.Described divider resistance resistance is greater than the charging resistor resistance.The resistance of described discharge resistance is less than the resistance of described divider resistance, and less than the resistance of charging resistor.
Simultaneously, the present invention proposes a kind of slow opening fast shutting control method of electronic switching circuit, charging capacitor is set, increase the service time of this main switch inputing or outputing between the utmost point and the control utmost point of the main switch of this electronic switching circuit; Inputing or outputing between the utmost point and the control utmost point of main switch in electronic switching circuit is provided with divider resistance, and the driving voltage that inputs or outputs between the utmost point and the control utmost point is provided; Inputing or outputing between the utmost point and the control utmost point of main switch the shutoff branch road is set, when this electronic switching circuit received cut-off signals, this turn-offed the branch road conducting, and charging capacitor turn-offs the branch road repid discharge by this, and the electronic switching circuit turn-off time is dwindled.
The slow opening fast shutting control method of above-mentioned electronic switching circuit, this shutoff branch road is by being provided with the discharge resistance that resistance is lower than described divider resistance, discharge channel in parallel with described charging capacitor, as to provide discharge time constant to meet the requirements makes main switch enter off state from conducting state rapidly.
The slow opening fast shutting control method of above-mentioned electronic switching circuit, when this electronic switching circuit receives when opening signal, charging capacitor is by the charging resistor charging of a series connection with it, and this charging resistor resistance is less than the divider resistance resistance.
The slow opening fast shutting control method of above-mentioned electronic switching circuit, the discharge resistance resistance is much smaller than the resistance of charging resistor, make discharge capacity when discharge main switch to input or output between the utmost point and the control utmost point dividing potential drop convergence zero, main switch enters off state from conducting state rapidly.
The slow opening fast shutting control method of above-mentioned electronic switching circuit by changing the parameter value of charging capacitor, charging resistor, discharge resistance, changes main switch conducting, turn-off time, realizes electronic switching circuit conducting, the selection of turn-off time.
Owing to adopted above scheme, slack-off when electronic switching circuit of the present invention makes the main switch conducting, reduce impulse current, and accelerate when turn-offing, can not cause the main switch heating serious and damage, improved serviceability and useful life; Than prior art, electronic switching circuit efficient height of the present invention does not have other big losses; The characteristic of output voltage is good, if use the little main switch of conducting resistance, output voltage and input voltage difference are very little; RC charging constant in the time of can passing through to select the main switch conducting changes the rise of output voltage time; The rapid property that main switch turn-offs makes that the moment loss on it is very little, can make this switch as switch use continuously.
Electronic switching circuit of the present invention, charge constant that can be by adjusting RC and discharge time constant satisfy the powering on of different electronic switching circuits, power down requirement.Can realize the control of the powering on of multichannel output, power-off sequential.Simultaneously, rationally reduce charge constant and the discharge time of RC, can realize the driving of main switch in the high-frequency switch circuit.
[description of drawings]
Fig. 1 is a kind of universal circuit of making switch with metal-oxide-semiconductor in the prior art;
Fig. 2 is a kind of improved switching circuit in the prior art;
Fig. 3 is electronic switching circuit embodiment one circuit diagram that the present invention realizes slow opening fast shutting;
Fig. 4 is embodiments of the invention two circuit diagrams;
Fig. 5 is embodiments of the invention three-circuit figure.
[embodiment]
Also the present invention is described in further detail in conjunction with the accompanying drawings below by specific embodiment.
Embodiment one:
As shown in Figure 3, in order to satisfy the requirement of slow opening fast shutting, this routine electronic switching circuit has adopted the way that increases electric capacity between as metal-oxide-semiconductor G, the S of main switch, this has increased the time of opening, but because the divider resistance R5 between G, S is very big, capacitance discharges resistance is very big during shutoff, RC discharge constant is very big, can make that shutoff is slower than conducting, cause the switching tube loss big, damage easily.Turn-off branch road so increased one-level again, when turn-offing, enable the shutoff branch road, charging capacitor C3 is discharged rapidly, the turn-off time obviously reduces, and the switching tube loss drops to minimum.This shutoff branch road comprises discharge resistance R3, the first switching tube Q1, second switch pipe Q2 etc.
Among Fig. 3, circuit can be further optimized in choosing of device.As the P channel MOS tube of main switch, in conduction period, the conducting resistance between its S, the G between driving voltage and S, the D is inversely proportional to, so for enough driving voltages are provided, the divider resistance R5 between S, the G is greater than charging resistor R1.Charging capacitor C3 charges by R1, and the slow degree during its charging constant decision metal-oxide-semiconductor conducting can be adjusted according to rated current, the rated disspation of impulse current that bears and metal-oxide-semiconductor.Charging capacitor C3 discharges by discharge resistance R3, rapid degree when its discharge constant decision metal-oxide-semiconductor turn-offs, R3 also has the effect to the first switching tube Q1 emitter current limliting simultaneously, under the certain condition of charging capacitor C3, select R3, one will satisfy the rapid property that metal-oxide-semiconductor turn-offs, and two energy discharge that will satisfy above the charging capacitor C3 do not cause that the Q1 emitter current exceeds standard.
As control signal CONTROL when being low level, triode Q4 turn-offs, second switch pipe Q2 is because forward bias and conducting, and Q1 conducting thereupon, the conducting of Q1 make that the electric weight on the charging capacitor C3 is not the R5 discharge by big resistance, but discharge rapidly by the R3 of little resistance, simultaneously, the R3 resistance is much smaller than the resistance of R1, makes that dividing potential drop is almost nil between G, the S of metal-oxide-semiconductor, metal-oxide-semiconductor enters off state from conducting state rapidly, has reduced the time of middle linear amplification region.The immediate cause of turn-offing is exactly because the discharge time constant of R3, charging capacitor C3 is very little rapidly.The conducting of Q1 is played crucial effects in turn-offing rapidly.
When control signal CONTROL is high level, triode Q4 conducting, Q2 is owing to reverse bias turn-offs, and Q1 also is in off state.At this moment, charging capacitor C3 charges by R1, can carry out the selection in charging interval by the value of choose reasonable charging capacitor C3 and R1, has both satisfied the requirement in charging interval, do not make the working region of metal-oxide-semiconductor exceed the safety operation area again, guarantee the reliably working of metal-oxide-semiconductor.The voltage at charging capacitor C3 two ends is exactly the S of metal-oxide-semiconductor, the voltage between the G, when this voltage charging after threshold voltage, metal-oxide-semiconductor begins conducting, because a period of time that is operated in the linear amplification district arranged, be equivalent to the charging of rear end filter capacitor is had the effect of current limliting, reduced impulse current.When charging capacitor C3 is charged to its maximum, guarantee that metal-oxide-semiconductor is a saturation conduction, between its S, the D pressure drop very little, make output voltage almost equate with input voltage.
Embodiment two:
When controlled voltage is negative voltage, be-12V that this routine electronic switching circuit changes the main switch P channel MOS tube in the last example into the N-channel MOS pipe as shown in Figure 4 as this routine controlled voltage, control branch road, shutoff branch road etc. are done corresponding change, can realize the slow opening fast shutting of negative voltage.When the CONTROL signal is high level, triode Q24 conducting, triode Q22, Q21 turn-off, and at this moment, charging capacitor C23 slowly charges by charging resistor R21, causes Q23 slowly open-minded, plays the effect of opening slowly, has reduced the impulse current on the Q23; When CONTROL signal when being low level, Q24 turn-offs, and the Q22 conducting causes the Q21 conducting, and C23 is by discharge resistance R23 discharge, and voltage diminishes rapidly, and Q23 is turn-offed rapidly, plays the effect of quick closing valve.
Embodiment three:
This example is with the difference of embodiment one, as shown in Figure 5, when circuit needs slower conducting speed or faster turn-off speed the time, can realize by the resistance that increases charging capacitor C3 or reduce charging resistor R3, and make the discharging current of C3 increase, can be replaced by the metal-oxide-semiconductor Q31 of anti-big electric current by triode this moment with the first switching tube Q1, to improve reliability.
Above content be in conjunction with concrete preferred implementation to further describing that the present invention did, can not assert that concrete enforcement of the present invention is confined to these explanations.For the general technical staff of the technical field of the invention, without departing from the inventive concept of the premise, can also make some simple deduction or replace, all should be considered as belonging to protection scope of the present invention.Such as, main switch, first switching tube, second switch pipe all can be switching components such as metal-oxide-semiconductor or triode.
Claims (12)
1. the electronic switching circuit of a slow opening fast shutting comprises that main switch, RC discharge and recharge the control branch road of branch road, reception control signal, and described RC discharges and recharges branch road and connects described main switch, control branch road respectively; It is characterized in that: also comprise the shutoff branch road, the charging capacitor that discharges and recharges branch road with described RC is in parallel, and its control end is connected with described control branch road output; When described control branch road output during to the shutoff control signal of main switch, the conducting of described shutoff branch road, the charging capacitor that described RC discharges and recharges branch road discharges by this shutoffs branch road.
2. the electronic switching circuit of slow opening fast shutting as claimed in claim 1, it is characterized in that: described shutoff branch road comprises discharge resistance, first switching tube, second switch pipe; Described discharge resistance one end is connected in described first switching tube and inputs or outputs one of utmost point utmost point, and the other end and charging capacitor one end connect altogether, described first switching tube input or output extremely in another utmost point be connected with the described charging capacitor other end; Be connected with the control utmost point of described first switching tube one of during described second switch pipe inputs or outputs extremely, another utmost point ground connection during described second switch pipe inputs or outputs extremely, the control utmost point of described second switch pipe and described control branch road output join.
3. the electronic switching circuit of slow opening fast shutting as claimed in claim 2, it is characterized in that: described first switching tube, second switch pipe are triode; Described discharge resistance one end is connected in one of the described first switching tube emitter-base bandgap grading, the collector electrode utmost point, and the other end and charging capacitor one end connect altogether, and the emitter-base bandgap grading of described first switching tube, another utmost point in the collector electrode are connected with the described charging capacitor other end; One of them is connected described second switch pipe emitter-base bandgap grading, collector electrode with the base stage of described first switching tube, described second switch pipe emitter-base bandgap grading, collector electrode another utmost point ground connection wherein, and the base stage of described second switch pipe and described control branch road output join.
4. the electronic switching circuit of slow opening fast shutting as claimed in claim 2, it is characterized in that: described first switching tube is a metal-oxide-semiconductor, described second switch pipe is a triode; Described discharge resistance one end is connected in one of the described first switching tube D utmost point, the S utmost point utmost point, and the other end and charging capacitor one end connect altogether, and the D utmost point of described first switching tube, S another utmost point in extremely is connected with the described charging capacitor other end; One of them is connected described second switch pipe emitter-base bandgap grading, collector electrode with the G utmost point of described first switching tube, described second switch pipe emitter-base bandgap grading, collector electrode another utmost point ground connection wherein, and the base stage of described second switch pipe and described control branch road output join.
5. as the electronic switching circuit of claim 2 or 3 or 4 described slow opening fast shuttings, it is characterized in that: RC discharges and recharges branch road and comprises charging capacitor, charging resistor, divider resistance, described charging capacitor, divider resistance are connected in parallel in inputing or outputing between the utmost point and the control utmost point of described main switch, described charging resistor one end and described charging capacitor, divider resistance connect altogether, and the other end is connected with described control branch road output.
6. the electronic switching circuit of slow opening fast shutting as claimed in claim 5, it is characterized in that: described divider resistance resistance is greater than the charging resistor resistance.
7. the electronic switching circuit of slow opening fast shutting as claimed in claim 5 is characterized in that: the resistance of described discharge resistance is less than the resistance of described divider resistance, and less than the resistance of charging resistor.
8. the slow opening fast shutting control method of an electronic switching circuit is characterized in that: the inputing or outputing between the utmost point and the control utmost point of main switch at this electronic switching circuit is provided with charging capacitor, increases the service time of this main switch; Inputing or outputing between the utmost point and the control utmost point of main switch in electronic switching circuit is provided with divider resistance, and the driving voltage that inputs or outputs between the utmost point and the control utmost point is provided; Inputing or outputing between the utmost point and the control utmost point of main switch the shutoff branch road is set, when this electronic switching circuit received cut-off signals, this turn-offed the branch road conducting, and charging capacitor turn-offs the branch road repid discharge by this, and the electronic switching circuit turn-off time is dwindled.
9. the slow opening fast shutting control method of electronic switching circuit as claimed in claim 8, it is characterized in that: this shutoff branch road is by being provided with the discharge resistance that resistance is lower than described divider resistance, in parallel with described charging capacitor, the discharge channel that provides discharge time constant to meet the requirements makes main switch enter off state from conducting state rapidly.
10. the slow opening fast shutting control method of electronic switching circuit as claimed in claim 9, it is characterized in that: when this electronic switching circuit receives when opening signal, charging capacitor is by the charging resistor charging of a series connection with it, and this charging resistor resistance is less than the divider resistance resistance.
11. the slow opening fast shutting control method of electronic switching circuit as claimed in claim 9, it is characterized in that: the discharge resistance resistance is much smaller than the resistance of charging resistor, make discharge capacity when discharge main switch to input or output between the utmost point and the control utmost point dividing potential drop convergence zero, main switch enters off state from conducting state rapidly.
12. the slow opening fast shutting control method of electronic switching circuit as claimed in claim 9, it is characterized in that: by changing the parameter value of charging capacitor, charging resistor, discharge resistance, change main switch conducting, turn-off time, realize electronic switching circuit conducting, the selection of turn-off time.
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| CN2007101243299A CN101425797B (en) | 2007-11-01 | 2007-11-01 | Slow opening fast shutting electronic switch circuit and control method thereof |
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| CN2007101243299A CN101425797B (en) | 2007-11-01 | 2007-11-01 | Slow opening fast shutting electronic switch circuit and control method thereof |
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| CN109901689A (en) * | 2019-01-29 | 2019-06-18 | 珠海市杰理科技股份有限公司 | Hardware switch circuit |
| CN109901689B (en) * | 2019-01-29 | 2021-10-12 | 珠海市杰理科技股份有限公司 | Hardware switch circuit |
| CN111313674A (en) * | 2019-11-06 | 2020-06-19 | 北京比特大陆科技有限公司 | Power-on control circuit and electronic equipment with same |
| CN112332820A (en) * | 2020-11-16 | 2021-02-05 | 合肥科威尔电源系统股份有限公司 | Control circuit for testing power supply discharge resistance and control method thereof |
| CN113113678A (en) * | 2021-03-30 | 2021-07-13 | 东莞新能安科技有限公司 | Single-wire communication circuit, battery management system, battery pack and electric device |
| CN113471949A (en) * | 2021-07-05 | 2021-10-01 | 四川航天烽火伺服控制技术有限公司 | Capacitor charging and discharging circuit and electromechanical servo system |
| CN113471949B (en) * | 2021-07-05 | 2023-08-25 | 四川航天烽火伺服控制技术有限公司 | Capacitor charge-discharge circuit and electromechanical servo system |
| CN114237079A (en) * | 2021-09-30 | 2022-03-25 | 宁波三星智能电气有限公司 | Circuit capable of utilizing serial port to turn off power supply |
| CN114237079B (en) * | 2021-09-30 | 2024-04-30 | 宁波三星智能电气有限公司 | Circuit capable of utilizing serial port to turn off power supply |
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|---|---|
| CN101425797B (en) | 2011-07-13 |
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Effective date of registration: 20220424 Address after: No.18 Qinglinghe Road, Qingling City Industrial Park, Hongshan District, Wuhan City, Hubei Province 430065 Patentee after: Wuhan Mindray Technology Co.,Ltd. Address before: 518057 MINDRAY building, twelve South tech Road, Nanshan District hi tech Industrial Park, Shenzhen, Guangdong Patentee before: SHENZHEN MINDRAY BIO-MEDICAL ELECTRONICS Co.,Ltd. |