Background technology
At present, be widely used in the important departments such as electric power, railway, bank, telecommunications take lead-acid battery as main storage battery, for the equipment such as protection, control, communication, computer provide uninterrupted DC power supply or provide ac uninterrupted power supply by UPS.The life cycle of above-mentioned uninterruptible power system depends primarily on the useful life of storage battery, safeguards significant to the useful life of effective raising storage battery and storage battery is carried out regular charging and discharging.
In addition, along with the needs of the day by day in short supply of traditional oil fossil energy and development low-carbon economy, the domestic battery of greatly developing is concentrated the various forms of charging electric vehicle facilities such as charging station, to promote the development of ev industry.In concentrating charging station, a large amount of electrokinetic cell cycle charge-discharges is arranged every day, the frequency of utilization of battery is very high.This just need to utilize electric discharge device regularly battery capacity to be detected and demarcates, and to guarantee quality and the useful life of battery, guarantees that electric automobile normally moves.
Traditional Battery Discharging Device mainly contains following several: (1) with resistive original paper as discharge load.Along with the carrying out of discharge process, the voltage of storage battery descends gradually, and discharging current descends, and this moment must be by the manual adjustments discharge resistance, constant with the sustain discharge electric current.(2) realize with linear circuits such as series voltage stabilizings.This mode volume is heavy, and power consumption is large, is not suitable for making large current load.(3) thermocouple adds the variable resistor mode.(4) utilize the phase control type charger to be operated in inverter mode, electric energy feedback is arrived electrical network.The subject matter of above-mentioned several electric discharge devices is that the discharging current precision is not high, is difficult for realizing heavy-current discharge, and complicated operation, is not very convenient in actual use.
Summary of the invention
The present invention is directed to the problem that above-mentioned traditional Battery Discharging Device exists, the large electric current constant-current discharging device of parallel type storage battery that a kind of discharging current is more accurate, discharge process is more reliable, facilitate dilatation is provided.
In order to realize above-mentioned functions, the invention provides following technical scheme:
The large electric current constant-current discharging device of a kind of parallel type storage battery is characterized in that: comprise one or more constant-current discharge module of connection parallel with one another, connect by connection between each discharge module, each discharge module is connected with storage battery.
The large electric current constant-current discharging device of aforesaid parallel type storage battery, it is characterized in that: described discharge module comprises input switch, input switch is connected with the discharge storage battery, discharge voltage is connected with processor with the discharging current testing circuit, a plurality of fling-cut switches are connected with input switch, microprocessor respectively, each fling-cut switch is connected with a PTC thermistor bar, DC converter is connected with microprocessor, each PTC thermistor bar respectively, and DC converter is connected with an additional PTC thermistor bar simultaneously.
The large electric current constant-current discharging device of aforesaid parallel type storage battery is characterized in that: described microprocessor is connected with the human-machine operation display interface simultaneously.
The large electric current constant-current discharging device of aforesaid parallel type storage battery, it is characterized in that: described fling-cut switch comprises direct current relay RL1 parallel with one another and IGBT power switch pipe Q1 and corresponding drive circuit, direct current relay RL1 is connected with little processing processor, and the collector electrode of IGBT power switch pipe Q1 is connected with input switch.
the large electric current constant-current discharging device of aforesaid parallel type storage battery, it is characterized in that: described drive circuit comprises triode Q2, the base stage of triode Q2 is connected with resistance R 1 by voltage-stabiliser tube DZ1, the collector electrode of triode Q2 be connected by the base stage of resistance R 4 with IGBT power switch pipe Q1, the collector electrode of triode Q2 is connected with direct current relay RL1 by resistance R 3 simultaneously, resistance R 5 is in parallel with capacitor C 2, two ends respectively with the emitter of triode Q2, node between the base stage of resistance R 4 and IGBT power switch pipe Q1 is connected, resistance R 2 is connected in series rear in parallel with resistance R 1 with diode D1, voltage-stabiliser tube DZ1 is connected with the emitter of triode Q2 by aluminium electrolytic capacitor C1 with node between resistance R 1.
the large electric current constant-current discharging device of aforesaid parallel type storage battery, it is characterized in that: described DC converter comprises pulse width modulation chip 3525 and peripheral control circuit thereof, power switch pipe Q11 is connected with pulse width modulation chip 3525 by drive circuit two, sustained diode 11, filter capacitor Cf and additional PTC thermistor bar are connected in parallel successively, filter inductance Lf is connected in series between sustained diode 11 and filter capacitor Cf, node between sustained diode 11 and filter inductance Lf is by power switch pipe Q11 access input switch, the other end of sustained diode 11 also accesses input switch and ground connection.
The beneficial effect that the present invention reaches:
1) by the input quantity of controlling the multichannel fling-cut switch and given coarse adjustment and the fine setting that realizes discharging current of discharging current of regulating DC converter, degree of regulation is high, and governing speed is fast;
2) fling-cut switch is by common relay and IGBT realization in parallel.Wherein, IGBT is current flowing in relay closes the short time of having no progeny only, effectively avoids the relay arcing, has avoided conventional power tube switch to need the essential cooling measures such as radiator, ventilation, has simplified apparatus structure, has improved reliability;
3) microprocessor directly provides the given signal of discharging current to DC converter, and converter is realized the discharging current fine setting by changing output voltage, and degree of regulation is high;
4) electric discharge device can be composed in parallel by a plurality of discharge modules, can select automatic current allocation model and manual electric current allocation model, realizes the parallel connection of different capabilities electric discharge device, uses flexibly;
5) microprocessor can automatically be added up the data such as discharge capacity and discharge curve and analyze, and can guarantee the safe and reliable of battery discharging process.
Embodiment
The present invention is composed in parallel by one or more constant-current discharge module according to capacity and the discharging current requirement of storage battery, connects by connection between each discharge module, and its theory diagram as shown in Figure 1.Storage battery is connected to the input switch of each discharge module, data and instruction that each discharge module sends according to the main discharge module, the electric current that DC converter is delivered in the input quantity of control self-resistance bar fling-cut switch and adjusting feeds regulates the battery discharging electric current, carries out discharge operation.
Fig. 2 has provided the theory diagram of single discharge module.Each discharge module mainly is comprised of input switch, discharge voltage and discharging current testing circuit, microprocessor, a plurality of fling-cut switch, DC converter, a plurality of PTC thermistor bar and an a plurality of fan.PTC thermistor strip adoption low-heat new high-efficiency PTC electric heating element, volume is little, and is easy to use, but long-time steady operation is dangerous without red heat, to human body and surrounding devices thereof without any interference and noise pollution, than the discharge load that is more suitable for storage battery.
During discharge, after microprocessor receives the discharging current instruction by human-machine operation and display interface or communication mode, relatively intend the nominal discharge current size of discharge current value and 1~No. 10 PTC thermistor bar and DC converter, determine quantity and the position of the fling-cut switch that drops into by computing or the mode of tabling look-up, and corresponding given value of current signal is delivered to DC converter.Electric discharge device is realized coarse adjustment to discharging current by the turn-on and turn-off quantity that controls fling-cut switch, in the course of the work by regulating the given realization of DC converter discharging current to the fine setting of discharging current.Wherein, the discharging current of DC converter is given can directly utilize the D/A output of microprocessor to realize, also can utilize microprocessor and external D/A converter in conjunction with realization.
Fig. 3 has provided the theory diagram of fling-cut switch and drive circuit thereof.This main circuit will by direct current relay RL1, IGBT power switch pipe Q1, resistance R 1~R5, general-purpose diode D1, voltage stabilizing didoe DZ1, triode Q2, aluminium electrolytic capacitor C1, CBB capacitor C 2 ,+the 12V working power forms.When control signal S1 was low level, analyzing as can be known, Q1 and RL1 all were in conducting state.Because the internal resistance of relay is almost nil, so in the normally course of work, IGBT is in by short-circuit condition, and the electric current that flows through is zero.When fling-cut switch need to disconnect, control signal S1 moment became high level, and RL1 is relevant with the characteristic of relay through this time of 10ms() the delay shutoff rapidly afterwards of left and right, discharging current is transferred to IGBT.Simultaneously, after control signal S1 becomes high level, give electrochemical capacitor C1 charging by resistance R 1, until (during this period of time can be by the Numerical Implementation of adjusting R1 and C1 after the base drive voltage sum of the burning voltage that the terminal voltage of electrochemical capacitor C1 surpasses voltage stabilizing didoe and triode Q2, generally can be controlled in 100ms), triode Q2 conducting, IGBT in parallel turn-offs because the driving signal becomes low level.In the fling-cut switch turn off process, because at first relay disconnects, IGBT flows through discharging current, and delaying time by drive circuit makes IGBT turn-off after relay disconnects fully again, avoids the relay arcing to damage.In whole process, the heating of IGBT almost can be ignored, and has avoided conventional only necessary radiator and the venting practice during as fling-cut switch with MOSFET/IGBT.If next will open fling-cut switch, control signal S1 becomes low level again, and relay R L1 is open-minded rapidly, and C1 is by D1 and R2 repid discharge, and Q2 ends, and IGBT is conducting rapidly also, thereby completes the conducting control procedure.Because the relay internal resistance is almost nil, IGBT is by relay short circuit, not current flowing.
Fig. 4 illustrates the electric current Principles of Regulation of DC converter as an example of BUCK type DC converter example.This converter mainly is comprised of pulse width modulation chip 3525 and peripheral control circuit, power switch pipe Q11, sustained diode 1, filter inductance Lf and filter capacitor Cf.In adjustment process, microprocessor converts required discharging current to voltage and delivers to 3525 peripheral control circuit, control circuit with this voltage by after a series of computing and regulating, the pwm pulse that output duty cycle is adjustable is realized the discharging current fine setting to power tube Q11 by the output voltage of regulating the BUCK converter.DC converter except above-mentioned BUCK circuit, can be also that other is dissimilar for BUCK/BOOST etc.
In the course of work, after microprocessor converted required discharging current voltage to and delivers to DC converter, DC converter was by changing output voltage in order to discharging current is finely tuned.In order to reduce the electric current adjustment process to the impact of storage battery, the discharging current of microprocessor is given to gradually change from small to large, and corresponding output voltage and the discharging current of DC converter is also large from little change gradually like this, and is stabilized in very soon a relatively constant numerical value.
When electric discharge device needs a plurality of discharge module parallel operation, at first by toggle switch setting module address corresponding to each electric discharge device.The address is that 1 discharge module is the main discharge module, and whole discharge process is carried out control and management; The address is 2,3 ... discharge module be from module, accept data and the control command of main frame.Two kinds of discharging current allocation models are arranged when in parallel:
1) automatic current allocation model.The nominal discharge current value of other parallel discharge module that the main discharge module is obtained according to self nominal discharge current with by communication mode, and the artificial battery discharging current values that arranges, the discharging current size of all discharge modules is set in proportion, and by communication modes, the related data such as discharging current, discharge time and discharge cut-off voltage and instruction is sent to from discharge module.
2) manual electric current allocation model.The discharge current value of all discharge modules directly is set by the main discharge module, and by communication mode, related data and instruction is sent to from discharge module.
The below is in parallel with two 110V/100A discharge modules of first, second, provide the 150A discharging current to describe as example take manual and automatic two kinds of discharging current methods of salary distribution as storage battery.If the nominal parameter of each PTC thermistor bar of each discharge module is 110V/1100W, namely the nominal discharge current of single resistor stripe is 10A.Two discharge modules are coupled together by the RS485 order wire, utilize toggle switch that the first module is set and be primary module, the second module is from module.Simultaneously, input the relevant informations such as discharge cut-off voltage, parallel module number at primary module by means such as keyboards.The first module detect self address be 1 be primary module after, use the broadcasting response mode to send discharge instruction and Query Information to the second module according to the quantity of parallel module by RS485.The second module is 2 namely after module self address being detected, and the RS485 bus is in the reception information state always except replying primary module information.In case address corresponding to reception information conforms to self address, self related data is sent to primary module:
(1) manual electric current allocation model: by primary module, the parallel module number being set is 2, and discharge cut-off voltage is 90V, and the primary module discharging current is 85A, is 65A from the module discharging current.After primary module receives dependent instruction, control 1~No. 8 corresponding fling-cut switch conducting of PTC thermistor bar by microprocessor, provide simultaneously voltage analog signal corresponding to 5A (2V) to the BUCK converter, this converter output is the corresponding 5A discharging current of 55V voltage approximately.In like manner, from the corresponding fling-cut switch conducting of 1~No. 6 PTC thermistor bar of module controls, and provide voltage analog signal corresponding to 5A (2V) to the BUCK converter with output 5A electric current.In discharge process, by primary module, whole discharge process is managed, in case detect battery tension lower than discharge cut-off voltage 90V after, send for all modules and stop the instruction of discharging, the resistor stripe fling-cut switch of all conductings disconnects successively, to reduce the impact to storage battery.This mode is fit to the discharge module parallel connection of different capabilities.
(2) automatic current allocation model: after the discharge capacity that primary module detects two discharge modules is 110V/100A, total discharging current is after 150A, discharge mode are automatic mode, the discharging current instruction with 75A sends to all modules automatically.Principal and subordinate's module is controlled the corresponding fling-cut switch conducting of 1~No. 7 PTC thermistor bar after receiving instruction, and provide voltage analog signal corresponding to 5A (2V) to the BUCK converter with output 5A electric current.After battery tension arrived discharge cut-off voltage, processing method was with manually the electric current method of salary distribution is identical.This mode is fit to the discharge module parallel connection of same capability.
Below disclose the present invention with preferred embodiment, so it is not intended to limiting the invention, and all employings are equal to replaces or technical scheme that the equivalent transformation mode obtains, within all dropping on protection scope of the present invention.