CN102096042A - System for testing linear motor characteristics - Google Patents
System for testing linear motor characteristics Download PDFInfo
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- CN102096042A CN102096042A CN 201010577100 CN201010577100A CN102096042A CN 102096042 A CN102096042 A CN 102096042A CN 201010577100 CN201010577100 CN 201010577100 CN 201010577100 A CN201010577100 A CN 201010577100A CN 102096042 A CN102096042 A CN 102096042A
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Abstract
The invention provides a system for testing linear motor characteristics, which belongs to the technical field of motors and solves the problems that the conventional system for testing the linear motor characteristics can be used for testing in a single direction and a loading force cannot be changed continuously. A stator of the motor and a stator of a linear electromagnetic damper are simultaneously arranged on a system platform; the power output end of a motor driver is connected with the armature winding input end of a tested motor; the armature winding output end of the tested motor is connected with the current input end and the voltage input end of a power analyzer respectively; a force sensor is used for detecting a mutual acting force between a rotor of the tested motor and a rotor of the linear electromagnetic damper; the force signal output end of the force sensor is connected with the force signal input end of the power analyzer; a speed sensor is used for detecting the speed of the rotor of the motor or the stator of the damper; the speed signal output end of the speed sensor is connected with the speed signal input end of the power analyzer; and the linear electromagnetic damper consists of a primary, a secondary and an excitation controller. The invention is used as the test system of the linear motor.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to a kind of linear electric motors characteristic test system, belong to technical field of motors.
Background technology
In modern processing industry field, all need high-speed high-precision rectilinear motion such as a lot of occasions such as cut, high speed grinding machine, fine turning lathe and machining center, traditional method can only obtain rectilinear motion by means of intermediate links such as turning motor and ball screws, and this just exists inevitably, and inertia is big, friction is big, shortcoming such as backlass is arranged.In recent years, along with the progress of techniques of linear motor, increasing occasion begins directly to use it and obtains rectilinear motion.Owing to adopt direct driving technologies, linear electric motors have that speed is fast, acceleration is high, bearing accuracy is high, stroke is long and advantage such as dynamic response is fast, and this has exactly satisfied the requirement of high speed and precision process technology.
But whether linear motor performance and the characteristic developing or buy at system requirements meet the demands, how to the linear induction motor system performance make correctly, objective appraisal, the linear induction motor system testing apparatus that all needs maturation is finished.
Existing linear motor pushing force loading test device as shown in Figure 8, this device is made up of the mover of system platform, linear electric motors, stator, pulley, transmission rope and the counterweight of linear electric motors.It is added to the own wt of counterweight on the mover of linear electric motors by pulley and transmission rope, forms unidirectional pulling force and is loaded on the linear electric motors.Constantly increase the weight of counterweight, when linear electric motors began uniform motion, the damping force of linear electric motors equaled the weight of counterweight, obtained the maximum static force of linear electric motors afterwards.But there is following shortcoming in this proving installation: when 1, test loads thrust, can only carry out folk prescription and measure to, one way, be not suitable for the test of short stroke linear electric motors; 2, loading force can not change continuously, can only change load by adding or reduce counterweight; Owing to need overcome the acceleration of counterweight, accelerating sections can't be measured, and can only measure at the uniform velocity state, and the test duration is long when 3, quickening; 4, system adopts transmission rope, produces deformation during loading, can produce bigger thrust disturbance during motion, thereby influence measuring accuracy; 5, measuring process complexity, measuring accuracy is low; 6, test parameter is single, can only measure the linear electric motors static force; Can only test static parameter, can't finish the characteristic test of dynamic performance.
Summary of the invention
The objective of the invention is for solve existing linear electric motors characteristic test system can only carry out folk prescription can not the continually varying problem to test and loading force, a kind of linear electric motors characteristic test system is provided.
The present invention is made up of system platform, linear electromagnetic damper, force transducer, speed pickup, power analyzer and motor driver,
To be arranged on the system platform simultaneously by the damper stator of the motor stator of measured motor and linear electromagnetic damper, and the relative position of described motor stator and damper stator remains unchanged,
The power take-off of motor driver connects by the armature winding input end of measured motor, is connected the current input terminal and the voltage input end of power analyzer respectively by the armature winding output terminal of measured motor,
Force transducer is used to detect the interaction force by between the damper mover of the electric mover of measured motor and linear electromagnetic damper, and the force signal output terminal of force transducer connects the force signal input end of power analyzer,
Speed pickup is used to detect the speed of electric mover or damper mover, and the rate signal output terminal of speed pickup connects the rate signal input end of power analyzer;
Described linear electromagnetic damper is made up of elementary, secondary and excitation controller, is air gap between the primary and secondary, and described linear electromagnetic damper is moving primary structure or moving secondary structure,
Described elementaryly be made up of unshakable in one's determination, permanent magnet and field coil, permanent magnet and field coil all are arranged on the iron core, and permanent magnet and field coil form parallel circuits on iron core;
Secondary and elementary corresponding setting, on the iron core magnetic line of force of parallel circuits vertically pass secondary,
The current output terminal of excitation controller connects the current input terminal of field coil;
Secondaryly make or by the high conductivity material layer and the high-permeability material layer is compound makes, described is the high conductivity material layer by two kinds of compounded secondary air gap side surface layers of material by the high conductivity material.
Advantage of the present invention is: the present invention has following advantage:
One, the present invention can provide the damping force opposite with electric mover direction of motion for tested motor, realizes two-way test;
Two, the present invention adopts the linear electromagnetic damper to being loaded by measured motor, and loading force can be regulated in tested motor movement process continuously, and has fundamentally eliminated the loading force fluctuation, has improved system loads precision and measuring accuracy;
Three, the present invention is simple in structure, and cost is low, and is easy to operate, reliability is high;
Four, the present invention can realize that the multiple parameters such as thrust output, speed, efficient, power, input voltage and electric current to tested linear electric motors test the performance height of system, multiple functional.
Description of drawings
Fig. 1 is a structural representation of the present invention;
The structural representation of Fig. 2 embodiment two described linear electromagnetic dampers;
Fig. 3 is the structural representation of embodiment three described linear electromagnetic dampers, at this moment N=3;
Fig. 4 is the structural representation of embodiment four described linear electromagnetic dampers;
Fig. 5 is the structural representation of embodiment five described linear electromagnetic dampers;
Fig. 6 is the structural representation of embodiment six described linear electromagnetic dampers, at this moment N=3;
Fig. 7 is the structural representation of embodiment eight described linear electromagnetic dampers;
Fig. 8 is the structural representation of existing linear motor pushing force loading test device.
Embodiment
Embodiment one: below in conjunction with Fig. 1 to Fig. 7 present embodiment is described, present embodiment is made up of system platform 1, linear electromagnetic damper, force transducer 3, speed pickup 4, power analyzer 5 and motor driver 6,
To be arranged at simultaneously on the system platform 1 by the damper stator 2-1 of the motor stator 7-1 of measured motor and linear electromagnetic damper, and the relative position of described motor stator 7-1 and damper stator 2-1 remains unchanged,
The power take-off of motor driver 6 connects by the armature winding input end of measured motor, is connected the current input terminal and the voltage input end of power analyzer 5 respectively by the armature winding output terminal of measured motor,
Described linear electromagnetic damper is made up of elementary, secondary 2-20 and excitation controller 2-30, is air gap between the primary and secondary 2-20, and described linear electromagnetic damper is moving primary structure or moving secondary structure,
Described elementaryly be made up of 2-11 unshakable in one's determination, permanent magnet 2-12 and field coil 2-13, permanent magnet 2-12 and field coil 2-13 all are arranged on the 2-11 unshakable in one's determination, and permanent magnet 2-12 and field coil 2-13 form parallel circuits on 2-11 unshakable in one's determination;
Secondary 2-20 and elementary corresponding setting, the magnetic line of force that 2-11 unshakable in one's determination goes up parallel circuits vertically passes secondary 2-20,
The current output terminal of excitation controller 2-30 connects the current input terminal of field coil 2-13;
Secondary 2-20 is made by the high conductivity material or by the high conductivity material layer and the high-permeability material layer is compound makes, described air gap side surface layer by two kinds of compounded secondary 2-20 of material is the high conductivity material layer.
Present embodiment described by the electric mover 7-2 of measured motor in motion process, keep the damper mover 2-2 of linear electromagnetic damper and the air gap between the damper stator 2-1 constant.
According to using needs, can on by measured motor, a plurality of linear electromagnetic dampers be installed, perhaps adopt single level, how elementary linear electromagnetic damper structure, to improve electromagnetic damping power.
When field coil 2-13 no power, the parallel circuits that 2-11 unshakable in one's determination and permanent magnet 2-12 form does not have the magnetic flux interlinkage with secondary 2-20
Described high conductivity material can be copper or aluminium.When described damper was bilateral pair of primary structure, secondary 2-20 can adopt the high conductivity material layer respectively as the air gap side surface layer of both sides, and adopts the high-permeability material layer as the middle layer.
Embodiment two: below in conjunction with Fig. 2 present embodiment is described, present embodiment is for to the further specifying of embodiment one, and described linear electromagnetic damper is bilateral single primary structure,
2-11 unshakable in one's determination forms character by horizontal segment and two vertical stems, the epimere that field coil 2-13 or each vertical stem are twined in the middle part of described horizontal segment twines a field coil 2-13, clamping permanent magnet 2-12 between the stage casing of two vertical stems, secondary 2-20 is arranged between the hypomere madial wall of two vertical stems, forms air gap respectively between the hypomere madial wall of secondary 2-20 and two vertical stems.Other composition and annexation are identical with embodiment one.
The field coil 2-13 of linear electromagnetic damper shown in Figure 2 is in series by two coils, and permanent magnet 2-12 can adopt plate shaped rare-earth permanent magnet, and parallel magnetization, secondary 2-20 are by the high conductivity material, as the conductor plate of copper or aluminium formation.
The described linear electromagnetic damper of present embodiment is single elementary, single level structure.
Embodiment three: below in conjunction with Fig. 3 present embodiment is described, present embodiment is for to the further specifying of embodiment one, and described linear electromagnetic damper is the elementary parallel-connection structure of bilateral list,
2-11 unshakable in one's determination is formed the pectination of N-1 tooth by horizontal segment and the individual vertically stem of N, N is the natural number more than or equal to 3, the epimere that a field coil 2-13 or each vertical stem are twined in the middle part of the horizontal segment between described every adjacent two vertical stems twines a field coil 2-13, permanent magnet 2-12 of clamping between the stage casing of every adjacent two vertical stems, between the hypomere madial wall of every adjacent two vertical stems a secondary 2-20 is set, form air gap between the madial wall of the vertical stem of each secondary 2-20 and its both sides respectively, N-1 secondary 2-20 is fixedly connected by fixed head 8.Other composition and annexation are identical with embodiment one.
The described linear electromagnetic damper of present embodiment is in order to increase damping force, with two elementary be connected in parallel as one elementary, and a plurality of secondary 2-20 respectively adopts a conductor plate.According to needs to damping force, can also be along the direction of motion of damper mover 2-2, with more elementary being connected in parallel.
The described linear electromagnetic damper of present embodiment, be more suitable for have single-side structural by measured motor or have being used of bilateral single primary structure by measured motor.
Embodiment four: below in conjunction with Fig. 4 present embodiment is described, present embodiment is for to the further specifying of embodiment one, and described linear electromagnetic damper is the single-sided linear structure,
2-11 unshakable in one's determination forms character by horizontal segment and two vertical stems, and the epimere that field coil 2-13 or each vertical stem are twined in the middle part of described horizontal segment twines a field coil 2-13, clamping permanent magnet 2-12 between the stage casing of two vertical stems,
Secondary 2-20 is relative with the bottom surface of two vertical stems, and be arranged in parallel, forms air gap between the bottom surface of secondary 2-20 and two vertical stems.Other composition and annexation are identical with embodiment one.
The described linear electromagnetic damper of present embodiment is single elementary, single level structure.
The described linear electromagnetic damper of present embodiment, more suitable with have single-side structural by measured motor or have being used of bilateral single primary structure by measured motor.
Embodiment five: below in conjunction with Fig. 5 present embodiment is described, present embodiment is for to the further specifying of embodiment one, and described linear electromagnetic damper is a bilateral pair of primary structure, and two elementary is the both sides that mirror image is symmetricly set in secondary 2-20,
Each 2-11 unshakable in one's determination forms character by horizontal segment and two vertical stems, the epimere that field coil 2-13 or each vertical stem are twined in the middle part of described horizontal segment twines a field coil 2-13, clamping permanent magnet 2-12 between the stage casing of two vertical stems
Form air gap respectively between the bottom surface of secondary 2-20 and two vertical stems that each is elementary;
Described two magnetic circuits on elementary form series circuit.Other composition and annexation are identical with embodiment one.
The described linear electromagnetic damper of present embodiment is two elementary, single level structures, promptly two elementary between the folder one secondary, after the field coil 2-13 energising, the magnetic line of force that produces two elementary backs forms series circuit, vertically pass secondary 2-20, secondary 2-20 plate with along the parallel installation of the direction of motion of mover.
Embodiment six: below in conjunction with Fig. 6 present embodiment is described, present embodiment is for to the further specifying of embodiment one, and described linear electromagnetic damper is bilateral two elementary parallel-connection structure, and two elementary is the both sides that mirror image is symmetricly set in secondary 2-20,
Each 2-11 unshakable in one's determination is formed the pectination of N-1 tooth by horizontal segment and the individual vertically stem of N, the epimere that a field coil 2-13 or each vertical stem are twined in the middle part of the horizontal segment between described every adjacent two vertical stems twines a field coil 2-13, clamping permanent magnet 2-12 between the stage casing of two vertical stems
Form air gap respectively between the bottom surface of secondary 2-20 and N-1 the vertical stem that each is elementary;
Described two magnetic circuits on elementary form series circuit.Other composition and annexation are identical with embodiment one.
In the present embodiment, be to improve damping force, with two elementary be connected in parallel as one elementary, an and shared secondary 2-20.Can also be according to using needs, along the direction of motion of mover, by identical mode, with more elementary being connected in parallel.
The described linear electromagnetic damper of present embodiment is more suitable for and has being used by measured motor of single-side structural.
Embodiment seven: below in conjunction with Fig. 1 to Fig. 7 present embodiment is described, present embodiment is for to the further specifying of embodiment two, three, four, five or six, and the hypomere madial wall of described each vertical stem has the output terminal projection; The stage casing madial wall of two vertical stems of described clamping permanent magnet 2-12 all has the stage casing projection, permanent magnet 2-12 clamping is between the inner surface of two stage casing projectioies, and described stage casing projection is identical with the surface configuration of the contacted surface configuration of permanent magnet 2-12 and this permanent magnet 2-12.Other composition and annexation are identical with embodiment two, three, four, five or six.
Embodiment eight: present embodiment is described below in conjunction with Fig. 7, present embodiment is further specifying embodiment seven, have a plurality of grooves that are parallel to each other on described each vertical stem and the secondary 2-20 facing surfaces, the shape of described a plurality of grooves is identical, each groove edge direction vertical with mover direction of motion runs through the surface of its vertical stem in place, and the bottom surface of each groove is parallel to secondary 2-20.Other composition and annexation are identical with embodiment seven.
The cross section of described groove can be square, semi-circular or other shape.
The described linear electromagnetic damper of present embodiment is more suitable for and has being used by measured motor of bilateral structure.
Embodiment nine: present embodiment is the further qualification to embodiment one, and described damper mover 2-2 adopts air-float guide rail support, Magnetically suspended guide rail to support or mechanical line slideway supports; The type of cooling of described linear electromagnetic damper adopts liquid cooling, air blast cooling or natural cooling.Other composition and annexation are identical with embodiment one.
Embodiment ten: present embodiment is the further qualification to embodiment one, and described speed pickup 4 adopts linear grating, magnetic grid, straight line to revolve change or laser interferometer.Other composition and annexation are identical with embodiment one.
Can be adopted air-float guide rail to support by the electric mover 7-2 of measured motor, also can adopt Magnetically suspended guide rail or mechanical line slideway to support.Moving primary structure can be by measured motor, also moving secondary structure can be.Can also can be bilateral structure for single-side structural by measured motor.By measured motor can be linear dc motion actuator, linear permanent magnet synchronous motor, linear reluctance motor or the line inductance electromotor of single-degree-of-freedom or multifreedom motion.
The secondary 2-20 of linear electromagnetic damper of the present invention can also make cylindrical shape, and this moment, elementary axial or circumferencial direction along secondary 2-20 was fixed on the secondary outside, was air gap between the elementary and secondary 2-20.It is triangle or square etc. shape that the secondary 2-20 of linear electromagnetic damper can also make the cross section.
The present invention is not limited to above-mentioned embodiment, can also be the reasonable combination of technical characterictic described in the respective embodiments described above.
Claims (10)
1. linear electric motors characteristic test system, it is characterized in that: it is made up of system platform (1), linear electromagnetic damper, force transducer (3), speed pickup (4), power analyzer (5) and motor driver (6),
To be arranged at simultaneously on the system platform (1) by the damper stator (2-1) of the motor stator of measured motor (7-1) and linear electromagnetic damper, and the relative position of described motor stator (7-1) and damper stator (2-1) remains unchanged,
The power take-off of motor driver (6) connects by the armature winding input end of measured motor, is connected the current input terminal and the voltage input end of power analyzer (5) respectively by the armature winding output terminal of measured motor,
Force transducer (3) is used to detect the interaction force by between the damper mover (2-2) of electric mover of measured motor (7-2) and linear electromagnetic damper, and the force signal output terminal of force transducer (3) connects the force signal input end of power analyzer (5),
Speed pickup (4) is used to detect the speed of electric mover (7-2) or damper mover (2-2), and the rate signal output terminal of speed pickup (4) connects the rate signal input end of power analyzer (5);
Described linear electromagnetic damper is made up of elementary, secondary (2-20) and excitation controller (2-30), is air gap between the primary and secondary (2-20), and described linear electromagnetic damper is moving primary structure or moving secondary structure,
Described elementaryly form by unshakable in one's determination (2-11), permanent magnet (2-12) and field coil (2-13), permanent magnet (2-12) and field coil (2-13) all are arranged on the iron core (2-11), and permanent magnet (2-12) and field coil (2-13) formation parallel circuits on (2-11) unshakable in one's determination;
Secondary (2-20) and elementary corresponding setting, the magnetic line of force that (2-11) unshakable in one's determination goes up parallel circuits vertically passes secondary (2-20),
The current output terminal of excitation controller (2-30) connects the current input terminal of field coil (2-13);
Secondary (2-20) made by the high conductivity material or by the high conductivity material layer and the high-permeability material layer is compound makes, described air gap side surface layer by two kinds of materials compounded secondary (2-20) is the high conductivity material layer.
2. linear electric motors characteristic test system according to claim 1 is characterized in that: described linear electromagnetic damper is bilateral single primary structure,
(2-11) unshakable in one's determination forms character by horizontal segment and two vertical stems, the epimere that field coil (2-13) or each vertical stem are twined in the middle part of described horizontal segment twines a field coil (2-13), clamping permanent magnet (2-12) between the stage casing of two vertical stems, secondary (2-20) is arranged between the hypomere madial wall of two vertical stems, forms air gap respectively between the hypomere madial wall of secondary (2-20) and two vertical stems.
3. composite excitation linear electromagnetic damper according to claim 1 is characterized in that: described linear electromagnetic damper is the elementary parallel-connection structure of bilateral list,
(2-11) unshakable in one's determination formed the pectination of N-1 tooth by horizontal segment and the individual vertically stem of N, N is the natural number more than or equal to 3, the epimere that a field coil (2-13) or each vertical stem are twined in the middle part of the horizontal segment between described every adjacent two vertical stems twines a field coil (2-13), a permanent magnet of clamping (2-12) between the stage casing of every adjacent two vertical stems, between the hypomere madial wall of every adjacent two vertical stems one secondary (2-20) is set, form air gap between the madial wall of the vertical stem of each secondary (2-20) and its both sides respectively, N-1 secondary (2-20) is fixedly connected by fixed head (8).
4. composite excitation linear electromagnetic damper according to claim 1 is characterized in that: described linear electromagnetic damper is the single-sided linear structure,
(2-11) unshakable in one's determination forms character by horizontal segment and two vertical stems, the epimere that field coil (2-13) or each vertical stem are twined in the middle part of described horizontal segment twines a field coil (2-13), clamping permanent magnet (2-12) between the stage casing of two vertical stems
Secondary (2-20) is relative with the bottom surface of two vertical stems, and be arranged in parallel, forms air gap between the bottom surface of secondary (2-20) and two vertical stems.
5. composite excitation linear electromagnetic damper according to claim 1 is characterized in that: described linear electromagnetic damper is a bilateral pair of primary structure, and two elementary is the both sides that mirror image is symmetricly set in secondary (2-20),
Each iron core (2-11) forms character by horizontal segment and two vertical stems, the epimere that field coil (2-13) or each vertical stem are twined in the middle part of described horizontal segment twines a field coil (2-13), clamping permanent magnet (2-12) between the stage casing of two vertical stems
Form air gap respectively between the bottom surface of secondary (2-20) and two vertical stems that each is elementary;
Described two magnetic circuits on elementary form series circuit.
6. composite excitation linear electromagnetic damper according to claim 1 is characterized in that: described linear electromagnetic damper is bilateral two elementary parallel-connection structure, and two elementary is the both sides that mirror image is symmetricly set in secondary (2-20),
Each iron core (2-11) is formed the pectination of N-1 tooth by horizontal segment and the individual vertically stem of N, the epimere that a field coil (2-13) or each vertical stem are twined in the middle part of the horizontal segment between described every adjacent two vertical stems twines a field coil (2-13), clamping permanent magnet (2-12) between the stage casing of two vertical stems
Form air gap respectively between the bottom surface of secondary (2-20) and N-1 the vertical stem that each is elementary;
Described two magnetic circuits on elementary form series circuit.
7. according to claim 2,3,4,5 or 6 described composite excitation linear electromagnetic dampers, it is characterized in that: the hypomere madial wall of described each vertical stem has the output terminal projection; The stage casing madial wall of two vertical stems of described clamping permanent magnet (2-12) all has the stage casing projection, permanent magnet (2-12) clamping is between the inner surface of two stage casing projectioies, and described stage casing projection is identical with the surface configuration of the contacted surface configuration of permanent magnet (2-12) and this permanent magnet (2-12).
8. composite excitation linear electromagnetic damper according to claim 7, it is characterized in that: have a plurality of grooves that are parallel to each other on described each vertical stem and secondary (2-20) facing surfaces, the shape of described a plurality of grooves is identical, each groove edge direction vertical with mover direction of motion runs through the surface of its vertical stem in place, and the bottom surface of each groove is parallel to secondary (2-20).
9. composite excitation linear electromagnetic damper according to claim 1 is characterized in that: described damper mover (2-2) adopts air-float guide rail support, Magnetically suspended guide rail to support or mechanical line slideway supports; The type of cooling of described linear electromagnetic damper adopts liquid cooling, air blast cooling or natural cooling.
10. composite excitation linear electromagnetic damper according to claim 1 is characterized in that: described speed pickup (4) adopts linear grating, magnetic grid, straight line to revolve change or laser interferometer.
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