CN102095754B - Solidification analysis method for large castings - Google Patents
Solidification analysis method for large castings Download PDFInfo
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- CN102095754B CN102095754B CN201010544947.0A CN201010544947A CN102095754B CN 102095754 B CN102095754 B CN 102095754B CN 201010544947 A CN201010544947 A CN 201010544947A CN 102095754 B CN102095754 B CN 102095754B
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- solidification
- test piece
- heavy castings
- small
- setting
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- 238000005266 casting Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 53
- 238000007711 solidification Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 37
- 230000008023 solidification Effects 0.000 title claims abstract description 37
- 238000004458 analytical method Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 13
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 41
- 238000012360 testing method Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 40
- 239000000126 substance Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 5
- 229910000838 Al alloy Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 13
- 238000005275 alloying Methods 0.000 claims description 8
- PNEYBMLMFCGWSK-UHFFFAOYSA-N aluminium oxide Inorganic materials [O-2].[O-2].[O-2].[Al+3].[Al+3] PNEYBMLMFCGWSK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 8
- 238000010438 heat treatment Methods 0.000 claims description 6
- 239000000203 mixture Substances 0.000 claims description 6
- OKTJSMMVPCPJKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N Carbon Chemical group [C] OKTJSMMVPCPJKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 5
- 229910002804 graphite Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 5
- 239000010439 graphite Substances 0.000 claims description 5
- MCMNRKCIXSYSNV-UHFFFAOYSA-N Zirconium dioxide Chemical compound O=[Zr]=O MCMNRKCIXSYSNV-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 4
- 229910052593 corundum Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 4
- 229910001845 yogo sapphire Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 4
- VYPSYNLAJGMNEJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Silicium dioxide Chemical compound O=[Si]=O VYPSYNLAJGMNEJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 2
- 229910052814 silicon oxide Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 2
- 229910045601 alloy Inorganic materials 0.000 abstract description 8
- 239000000956 alloy Substances 0.000 abstract description 8
- 238000001816 cooling Methods 0.000 abstract description 7
- 230000007812 deficiency Effects 0.000 abstract description 3
- 239000007788 liquid Substances 0.000 abstract 2
- 238000005485 electric heating Methods 0.000 abstract 1
- 238000002474 experimental method Methods 0.000 abstract 1
- 238000010587 phase diagram Methods 0.000 abstract 1
- XEEYBQQBJWHFJM-UHFFFAOYSA-N Iron Chemical group [Fe] XEEYBQQBJWHFJM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- 230000007547 defect Effects 0.000 description 4
- 229910001141 Ductile iron Inorganic materials 0.000 description 3
- 229910017112 Fe—C Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000005457 optimization Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000012545 processing Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000004088 simulation Methods 0.000 description 2
- 229910001018 Cast iron Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 229910001208 Crucible steel Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 229910001060 Gray iron Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 229910052799 carbon Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 238000013461 design Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000005516 engineering process Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000007689 inspection Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000011173 large scale experimental method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000005058 metal casting Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000005272 metallurgy Methods 0.000 description 1
- 229910021652 non-ferrous alloy Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 238000005096 rolling process Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000005070 sampling Methods 0.000 description 1
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- Investigating Or Analyzing Materials Using Thermal Means (AREA)
Abstract
The invention provides a solidification analysis method for large castings, which is characterized by comprising the following steps of: (1) determining the solidification temperature and the solidification time of a large casting according to alloy components, a phase diagram and the biggest size of hot center; (2) injecting liquid alloy comprising the chemical components the same as the large casting into a container, delivering the container into an electric heating furnace, solidifying the liquid alloy in the container according to the determined solidification temperature and solidification time of the step (1), cooling the alloy to the room temperature, and obtaining a small-size test piece; and (3) according to the convention, analyzing the small-size test piece, and obtaining the solidification process and tissues of the small-size test piece, wherein the solidification process and the tissue directly reflect the solidification process and tissue of the large casting. By the solidification analysis method, whether the tissue of the large casting has deficiency can be judged in the solidification process so as to adjust the solidification temperature and the solidification time of the large casting in time, thus the quality of products is guaranteed, and the deficiencies that the cost is high, the test period is long, and the like when the large casting is used for experiments are effectively solved.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to a kind of heavy castings solidification analysis method, after particularly one is solidified small-size test piece completely according to heavy castings curing condition, analyze this small-size test piece interior tissue, to obtain the method for heavy castings process of setting and tissue, belong to physical and chemical inspection and metal casting technical field.
Background technology
Weight is at several tons or tens of ton, and the above heavy castings of even hundreds of tons, because its setting time is longer, easily occur tissue defects.Once and there is tissue defects, gently will cause scrapping and produce economic loss, heavy will in use cause security incident, its consequence is inestimable.For this reason, before heavy castings are produced, must analyze its process of setting and tissue, repeatedly carry out test and the adjustment of alloying component and treatment process, to prevent tissue defects, guarantee production reliability.If but directly use heavy castings to test, and not only with high costs, and the test period is long, and cannot carry out large-scale experiment, be difficult to meet the requirement of producing front optimized alloy composition and process conditions.
Existing testing equipment is substantially all for the metallurgy industry operation of rolling, uses the tissue response in microsize test specimen simulation heating, cooling, deformation process.And the slow solidification process of heavy castings is difficult to analyze accurately.Application number is that the Chinese patent application of 200910199568.X discloses and a kind ofly studies under outside strong cool condition initial solidification behavior and accurately method and the implement device thereof of simulation horizontal growth process of solidification structure, but the method can not be used for realizing the analysis of heavy castings process of setting and tissue.The patent No. be 200720067245.1 Chinese utility model patent to have related to Gleeble be the design of the sampling emergent cooling device of hot modeling test machine, to realize the cooling fast of sample, this cannot be applied to heavy castings slow solidification process.
The process of setting of foundry goods is the process of a heat loss.The basic reason that heavy castings setting time is long is: heat loss is slow.Therefore, for small-size test piece, as long as can slow down its heat loss speed, make its slow solidification as heavy castings, so, just can use small-size test piece, realize the analysis to heavy castings process of setting and solidified structure.
Summary of the invention
The object of the present invention is to provide a kind of method of using small-size test piece that the setting rate identical with heavy castings solidified to analyze heavy castings process of setting and tissue.
The present invention is to provide so a kind of heavy castings solidification analysis method, it is characterized in that through the following step:
A, determine temperature of solidification and the setting time of heavy castings according to alloying component, phasor and the maximum thermal center size of foundry goods;
B, by have the chemical composition identical with heavy castings aluminium alloy inject container, send in electric furnace, according to step 1) definite temperature of solidification and setting time, make the aluminium alloy in container solidify, be cooled to room temperature, obtain small-size test piece;
C, take out step 2) gained small-size test piece, routinely small-size test piece is analyzed, draw process of setting and the tissue of small-size test piece, this process of setting and organize the process of setting and the tissue that directly reflect heavy castings.
The container of described A step is conventional graphite crucible, alundum (Al2O3) crucible, silicon oxide crucibles or zirconia crucible.
Described electric furnace is conventional resistance-heated furnace, 1500 ℃ of its maximum operating temperatures, and heating zone diameter, the diameter that is highly greater than graphite crucible and height, and Heating Zone Temperature is evenly distributed.
Described heavy castings temperature of solidification and setting time are specifically determined routinely by the contained alloying component of heavy castings and maximum thermal center size.
Described heavy castings are the casting alloy relating in the commercial production such as cast iron, cast steel or the non-ferrous alloy of national standard.
The present invention has following advantages and effect: adopt such scheme, can utilize easily the aluminium alloy with heavy castings with identical chemical composition, in heating furnace, solidify according to the temperature of solidification identical with heavy castings and setting time, after cooling, obtain small-size test piece, routinely this small-size test piece is analyzed, after test, draw its process of setting and tissue, can draw process of setting and the tissue of heavy castings according to this process of setting and tissue, show that thus heavy castings are in this process of setting, it organizes whether there is defect, to regulate and control in time temperature of solidification and the setting time of heavy castings, guarantee product quality, effectively solve and use heavy castings to test, and bring with high costs, the deficiencies such as the test period is long.
Embodiment
Below in conjunction with embodiment, the present invention will be further described.
Embodiment 1
The present embodiment need to be analyzed large-scale ductile iron part process of setting and the solidified structure of 30 tons of maximum thermal center diameter 300mm, weight, to carry out process optimization, wherein, the alloying component (percentage by weight) of this large-scale ductile iron part is 3.62C, 2.01Si, 0.30Mn, 0.04P, 0.04S, 0.06Mg.Process the following step:
1) according to the alloying component of above-mentioned heavy castings and Fe-C phasor, determine that routinely its temperature of solidification is 1140 ℃, and be of a size of 300mm according to the maximum thermal center of foundry goods, determine that its setting time is 4 hours;
2) be that 5mm, internal diameter are 80mm, highly are the alundum (Al2O3) crucible of 200mm by injecting wall thickness with the aluminium alloy of described heavy castings same alloy composition, it is 1500 ℃ that this crucible is placed in to maximum operating temperature, furnace diameter is 100mm, is highly in the burner hearth of resistance-heated furnace of 250mm;
3) according to 1) step setting time is that 4 hours, temperature of solidification are 1140 ℃, aluminium alloy in crucible is solidified, is cooled to room temperature, and detect the process of setting of aluminium alloy by data acquisition system (DAS), and draw temperature curve, solidify after cooling to obtain small-size test piece completely until aluminium alloy;
4) to 3) solidified structure of the small-size test piece of step analyzes, and result shows: the solidified structure of small-size test piece and described heavy castings thermal center heart portion solidified structure are in full accord; And the small-size test piece detecting overlaps substantially with the solidification processing temperature curve at thermal center center.Therefore, can accurately represent process of setting and the solidified structure of heavy castings with the small-size test piece of the inventive method.The analysis that heavy castings are solidified, can complete by small size test block completely.
Embodiment 2
The present embodiment need to be analyzed large-scale grey iron part process of setting and the solidified structure of 15 tons of maximum thermal center diameter 200mm, weight, to carry out process optimization, wherein, the alloying component (percentage by weight) of this large-scale ductile iron part is 3.22C, 1.41Si, 0.70Mn, 0.08P, 0.07S.Process the following step:
1) according to the alloying component of above-mentioned heavy castings and Fe-C phasor, determine that its temperature of solidification is 1150 ℃; And be of a size of 200mm according to the maximum thermal center of foundry goods, determine that its setting time is 2.5 hours;
2) be that 5mm, internal diameter are 80mm, highly are the alundum (Al2O3) crucible of 200mm by injecting wall thickness with the aluminium alloy of described heavy castings same alloy composition, it is 1500 ℃ that this crucible is placed in to maximum operating temperature, furnace diameter is 100mm, is highly in the burner hearth of resistance-heated furnace of 250mm;
3) according to 1) step setting time 2.5 hours, 1150 ℃ of temperature of solidification, aluminium alloy in crucible is solidified, is cooled to room temperature, and detect the process of setting of aluminium alloy by data acquisition system (DAS), draw temperature curve, solidify after cooling to obtain small-size test piece completely until aluminium alloy, solidified structure to this small-size test piece is analyzed, and result shows, the solidified structure of small-size test piece and described heavy castings thermal center heart portion solidified structure are in full accord.And the small-size test piece detecting overlaps substantially with the solidification processing temperature curve at thermal center center.Therefore, can accurately represent process of setting and the solidified structure of heavy castings with the small-size test piece of the inventive method.The analysis that heavy castings are solidified, can complete by small size test block completely.
Claims (3)
1. a heavy castings solidification analysis method, is characterized in that through the following step:
A, determine temperature of solidification and the setting time of heavy castings according to alloying component, phasor and the maximum thermal center size of foundry goods;
B, by have the chemical composition identical with heavy castings aluminium alloy inject container, send in electric furnace, according to the definite temperature of solidification of steps A and setting time, make the aluminium alloy in container solidify, be cooled to room temperature, obtain small-size test piece;
C, take out step B gained small-size test piece, routinely small-size test piece is analyzed, draw process of setting and the tissue of small-size test piece, this process of setting and organize the process of setting and the tissue that directly reflect heavy castings.
2. heavy castings solidification analysis method as claimed in claim 1, the container that it is characterized in that described step B is graphite crucible, electric furnace is conventional resistance-heated furnace, 1500 ℃ of its maximum operating temperatures, heating zone diameter, the diameter that is highly greater than graphite crucible and height, and Heating Zone Temperature is evenly distributed.
3. heavy castings solidification analysis method as claimed in claim 1, the container that it is characterized in that described step B is conventional graphite crucible, alundum (Al2O3) crucible, silicon oxide crucibles or zirconia crucible.
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN201010544947.0A CN102095754B (en) | 2010-11-16 | 2010-11-16 | Solidification analysis method for large castings |
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN201010544947.0A CN102095754B (en) | 2010-11-16 | 2010-11-16 | Solidification analysis method for large castings |
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| CN102095754A CN102095754A (en) | 2011-06-15 |
| CN102095754B true CN102095754B (en) | 2014-07-02 |
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| CN201010544947.0A Expired - Fee Related CN102095754B (en) | 2010-11-16 | 2010-11-16 | Solidification analysis method for large castings |
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Citations (1)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN1226291A (en) * | 1996-06-05 | 1999-08-18 | 通用电气公司 | Method and apparatus for making directional solidification castings |
Family Cites Families (1)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| JP4127233B2 (en) * | 2004-04-02 | 2008-07-30 | 株式会社Ｓｕｍｃｏ | Silicon single crystal wafer evaluation method and silicon single crystal wafer using the same |
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Patent Citations (1)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN1226291A (en) * | 1996-06-05 | 1999-08-18 | 通用电气公司 | Method and apparatus for making directional solidification castings |
Non-Patent Citations (3)
| Title |
|---|
| JP特开2005-292054A 2005.10.20 |
| ZG0Cr13Ni4Mo不锈钢铸件微观组织的数值模拟;孙立斌;《钢铁研究学报》;20030831;第15卷(第4期);51-57，69页 * |
| 孙立斌.ZG0Cr13Ni4Mo不锈钢铸件微观组织的数值模拟.《钢铁研究学报》.2003,第15卷(第4期),51-57，69页. |
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