CN102087023A - Device for separating carbon dioxide through chemical-looping combustion in coal pressurizing high-density recirculating fluidized bed - Google Patents
Device for separating carbon dioxide through chemical-looping combustion in coal pressurizing high-density recirculating fluidized bed Download PDFInfo
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- CN102087023A CN102087023A CN2010105672172A CN201010567217A CN102087023A CN 102087023 A CN102087023 A CN 102087023A CN 2010105672172 A CN2010105672172 A CN 2010105672172A CN 201010567217 A CN201010567217 A CN 201010567217A CN 102087023 A CN102087023 A CN 102087023A
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02E—REDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
- Y02E20/00—Combustion technologies with mitigation potential
- Y02E20/34—Indirect CO2mitigation, i.e. by acting on non CO2directly related matters of the process, e.g. pre-heating or heat recovery
Abstract
The invention discloses a device for separating carbon dioxide through chemical-looping combustion in a coal pressurizing high-density recirculating fluidized bed. Gasification reaction is carried out on coal particles and a gasification agent in a pressurizing high-density recirculating fluidized bed fuel reactor 1; and a gasification product and an oxygen carrier returning back to the fuel reactor 1 performs redox reaction to generate CO2 and H2O. The device comprises the pressurizing high-density recirculating fluidized bed fuel reactor (1), a primary cyclone separator (2), a primary dipleg (3), a fresh oxygen carrier particle feeder (4), a cross flow moving bed air reactor (5), a grid plate (6), an inactivation oxygen carrier discharging device (7), a primary material returner (8), a primary exhaust pipe (9), a secondary cyclone separator (10), a secondary exhaust pipe (11), a secondary dipleg (12) and a secondary material returner (13). By using the device in the invention, the reaction matching problem caused by the quantity grade difference existing in combustion and the oxygen carrier reaction rate is solved, thus the combustion efficiency of the coal, the separated CO2 concentration and the final gathering rate of the CO2 are greatly improved.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to a kind of coal chemistry chain burning separation of C O
2Device, belong to the clean burning of fuel and efficiently utilize the field.
Technical background
Carbon dioxide is the greenhouse gases that have the greatest impact in many potential greenhouse gases, and how reducing emission of carbon dioxide has become one of main contents of human kind sustainable development from now on.Burning chemistry chains (ChemicalLooping Combustion is called for short CLC) is internationally recognized CO with important prospect
2One of emission-reduction technology.Its basic principle is the not direct and air catalytic combustion of fuel, realize combustion process but react: in air reactor, utilize the oxygen in the oxygen carrier separation of air on the one hand with the cycle alternation of oxygen carrier between two reactors, in the fuel reaction device, airborne oxygen is delivered in the fuel on the other hand, carries out the burning of fuel by oxygen carrier.Because in the combustion process, fuel does not directly contact with air, combustion product has only carbon dioxide and water vapour, utilizes simple cooling device just can isolate CO
2Thereby, realize CO
2Enrichment, therefore be a kind of clean burning mode.
Since nineteen eighty-three, Germany scientist proposed the burning chemistry chains notion, many in the world research institutions had all carried out a series of research to it.Up to the present, adopt the CLC technology and the oxygen carrier research comparative maturity of gaseous fuel or liquid fuel, and the research of coal-fired CLC still is in the starting stage, and all there are many problems in the various process routes that directly are transformed into solid fuel (as coal, living beings) based on gas and liquid fuel.Because coal/oxygen carrier combustion rate and oxygen carrier oxygen carrier reaction rate differ 2～3 orders of magnitude, conventional system is difficult to realize well the optimization coupling of coal/oxygen carrier combustion reaction and the reaction of oxygen carrier oxygen carrier, does not therefore obtain internationally recognized processing technology routine so far as yet.Current, many in the world research institutions seek new thinking just one after another, research and development coal chemistry chain burning separation of C O
2New technology.
Summary of the invention
Technical problem: the present invention is directed to the optimization matching problem that conventional CLC system is difficult to realize well coal/oxygen carrier combustion reaction and the reaction of oxygen carrier oxygen carrier, a kind of device of coal pressurization high density recirculating fluidized bed burning chemistry chains separating carbon dioxide is provided, and this device has efficiency of combustion height, strong, the isolated CO of oxygen carrying capability
2Concentration height and CO
2The final high effect of capture rate.
Technical scheme: the device that the invention provides a kind of coal pressurization high density recirculating fluidized bed burning chemistry chains separating carbon dioxide.Thinking of the present invention is: the coal in the pressurization high density recirculating fluidized bed fuel reaction device under realization high granule density, high circulating ratio and the high particle flux and the combustion reaction process of oxygen carrier; Realize the oxygen carrier course of reaction of oxygen carrier in the cross-flow moving bed air reactor; The two stage cyclone device is realized effective completing combustion that separates and promote the carbon containing coal ash of oxygen carrier and carbon containing coal ash respectively.The gaseous product of coal and oxygen carrier burning mainly is CO
2With the admixture of gas of water vapour, finish CO through the dedusting condensation
2Separation.Below with reference to Fig. 1, specify the specific implementation of technology path of the present invention and target.
The device of coal pressurization high density recirculating fluidized bed burning chemistry chains separating carbon dioxide comprises pressurization high density recirculating fluidized bed fuel reaction device, primary cyclone, primary dipleg, fresh oxygen carrier granule dispenser, cross-flow moving bed air reactor, flase floor, inactivation oxygen carrier granule removal device, one-level material returning device, one-level blast pipe, secondary cyclone, secondary blast pipe, secondary dipleg and secondary material returning device;
The top of the high density of wherein pressurizeing recirculating fluidized bed fuel reaction device is connected with primary cyclone, the bottom of primary cyclone is connected with cross-flow moving bed air reactor by primary dipleg, the bottom of cross-flow moving bed air reactor is connected by the bottom of one-level material returning device with pressurization high density recirculating fluidized bed fuel reaction device, constitutes the one-level closed circuit;
The top of pressurization high density recirculating fluidized bed fuel reaction device is connected with primary cyclone, the top of primary cyclone is connected with the top of secondary cyclone by the one-level blast pipe, the bottom of secondary cyclone is communicated with the secondary material returning device by the secondary dipleg, the outlet of secondary material returning device is connected with pressurization high density recirculating fluidized bed fuel reaction device, constitutes the secondary closed circuit.
The top exit of described pressurization high density recirculating fluidized bed fuel reaction device connects primary cyclone; Bottom inlet is followed successively by gasification agent inlet, coal particle inlet, one-level returning charge inlet and secondary returning charge inlet from down to up, wherein gasification agent inlet is arranged in the bottom of pressurization high density recirculating fluidized bed fuel reaction device, and coal particle inlet, one-level returning charge inlet and secondary returning charge inlet are arranged in the side of pressurization high density recirculating fluidized bed fuel reaction device.
Be provided with many in the described cross-flow moving bed air reactor to its centroclinal flase floor, be respectively equipped with air intake and air reactor exhaust outlet in cross-flow moving bed air reactor both sides, be provided with inactivation oxygen carrier granule removal device in cross-flow moving bed air reactor bottom, be provided with fresh oxygen carrier granule dispenser on cross-flow moving bed air reactor top.
In the described pressurization high density recirculating fluidized bed fuel reaction device, coal particle and the reaction of gasifying agent generating gasification, gasification product and oxygen carrier generation redox reaction generate CO then
2And H
2O.Solid-gas the volume ratio in whole fuel reaction device space is greater than 0.1, and can reach greater than 200kg/m
2The particle flux of s and 50～100 times circulating ratio.
Finish separating of oxygen carrier granule and coal particle in the described primary cyclone.Oxygen carrier granule enters primary dipleg, and flue gas and unburned coal particle and a spot of oxygen carrier fine powder are discharged from the primary cyclone blast pipe.
Described cross-flow moving bed air reactor, the oxygen carrier that separates enters from the air reactor upper entrance, flows out from lower part outlet behind the oxygen carrier, react required air and enters from the air intake of air reactor one side, from the exhaust outlet discharge of opposite side.
Realize the secondary separation of flue gas and solid particle in the described secondary cyclone, carbon containing coal ash and a small amount of oxygen carrier fine powder enter the secondary dipleg, and flue gas (CO
2With water vapor mixture) discharge from the secondary cyclone blast pipe.
Beneficial effect: the present invention has following characteristic and advantage:
1, the device of coal pressurization high density recirculating fluidized bed burning chemistry chains separating carbon dioxide of the present invention, the high density of will pressurizeing recirculating fluidized bed and cross-flow moving bedly unite utilization is realized the combustion reaction process of coal and oxygen carrier and the oxygen carrier course of reaction of oxygen carrier respectively.By significantly improving the time of staying of particle in the combustion reaction process, there is the differential reaction matching problem that causes of quantity in the speed that solves owing to combustion reaction and oxygen carrier reaction.
2, the pressurization high density recirculating fluidized bed fuel reaction device that adopts of the present invention has high density (Gu-gas volume ratio greater than 0.1), high circulating ratio (50～100) and high particle flux (＞200kg/m
2S), the particle time of staying is much larger than the ordinary cycle fluidized-bed reactor, and gas-solid turbulence reaction (as gasification reaction, the reaction of gasification product reduction oxygen carrier of coal and steam) speed obviously increases, not only improved burning of coal efficient greatly, and imperfect combustion product such as CO effectively reduces in the gas-phase product, the separable CO that goes out high concentration
2
3, in the pressurization high density recirculating fluidized bed fuel reaction device of the present invention, oxygen carrier concentration is far above the ordinary cycle fluidized-bed reactor, and the coal gasification product is by oxygen carrier oxidation fast continuously, thereby improved gasification reaction speed, promoted the coal gasification reaction.
4, primary cyclone of the present invention, the difference on density and particle diameter according to oxygen carrier granule and carbon containing coal ash, oxygen carrier granule is separated to primary dipleg, flue gas and carbon containing coal ash are then discharged from the primary cyclone blast pipe, thereby assurance carbon containing coal ash does not enter in the air reactor substantially and burns, and has both improved CO
2Capture rate, the sintering problem of having avoided the carbon containing coal ash in air reactor, to burn and cause again.
5, cross-flow moving bed air reactor of the present invention has been designed to special cross-flow moving bed, particle passes through in cross-flow moving bed fast, even sneak into a small amount of carbon containing coal ash like this in the oxygen carrier, because the reaction time is short, particle is big, contact area is little, sintering can not take place, reduced the sintering risk that the carbon containing coal ash burns in air reactor and causes; Compare with the fluidized bed air reactor, cross-flow moving bed air reactor is simple in structure, and control is convenient.
6, secondary separation device of the present invention is an efficient cyclone separator, can effectively separate the carbon containing coal ash, effectively prolongs the time of staying of carbon containing coal ash in the fuel reaction device, improves the burn-out degree of coal.
Description of drawings
Fig. 1 is the concrete system diagram of implementing of device of coal pressurization high density recirculating fluidized bed burning chemistry chains separating carbon dioxide of the present invention, comprising: pressurization high density recirculating fluidized bed fuel reaction device 1, primary cyclone 2, primary dipleg 3, fresh oxygen carrier granule dispenser 4, cross-flow moving bed air reactor 5, flase floor 6, inactivation oxygen carrier granule removal device 7, one-level material returning device 8, one-level blast pipe 9, secondary cyclone 10, secondary blast pipe 11, secondary dipleg 12, secondary material returning device 13, coal particle inlet A, gasification agent inlet B, one-level returning charge inlet C, secondary returning charge inlet D, air intake E, air reactor exhaust outlet F, one-level material returning device air inlet G, secondary cyclone gas outlet H, secondary material returning device air inlet I.
The specific embodiment
The device of coal pressurization high density recirculating fluidized bed burning chemistry chains separating carbon dioxide provided by the invention, this device comprises pressurization high density recirculating fluidized bed fuel reaction device 1, primary cyclone 2, primary dipleg 3, fresh oxygen carrier granule dispenser 4, cross-flow moving bed air reactor 5, flase floor 6, inactivation oxygen carrier granule removal device 7, one-level material returning device 8, one-level blast pipe 9, secondary cyclone 10, secondary blast pipe 11, secondary dipleg 12 and secondary material returning device 13.
The device of described coal pressurization high density recirculating fluidized bed burning chemistry chains separating carbon dioxide is made up of the two-stage closed circuit: the top of pressurization high density recirculating fluidized bed fuel reaction device 1 is connected with primary cyclone 2, the bottom of primary cyclone 2 is connected with cross-flow moving bed air reactor 5 by primary dipleg 3, the bottom of cross-flow moving bed air reactor 5 is connected by the bottom of one-level material returning device 8 with pressurization high density recirculating fluidized bed fuel reaction device 1, constitutes the one-level closed circuit; The top of pressurization high density recirculating fluidized bed fuel reaction device 1 is connected with primary cyclone 2, the top of primary cyclone 2 is connected by the top of one-level blast pipe 9 with secondary cyclone 10, the bottom of secondary cyclone 10 is communicated with secondary material returning device 13 by secondary dipleg 12, the outlet of secondary material returning device 13 is connected with pressurization high density recirculating fluidized bed fuel reaction device 1, constitutes the secondary closed circuit.
The top exit of described pressurization high density recirculating fluidized bed fuel reaction device 1 connects primary cyclone 2; Bottom inlet is followed successively by gasification agent inlet B, coal particle inlet A, one-level returning charge inlet C and secondary returning charge inlet D from down to up, wherein gasification agent inlet B is arranged in the bottom of pressurization high density recirculating fluidized bed fuel reaction device 1, and coal particle inlet A, one-level returning charge inlet C and secondary returning charge inlet D are arranged in the side of pressurization high density recirculating fluidized bed fuel reaction device 1.
Be provided with many in the described cross-flow moving bed air reactor 5 to its centroclinal flase floor 6, be respectively equipped with air intake E and air reactor exhaust outlet F in cross-flow moving bed air reactor 5 both sides, be provided with inactivation oxygen carrier granule removal device 7 in cross-flow moving bed air reactor 5 bottoms, be provided with fresh oxygen carrier granule dispenser 4 on cross-flow moving bed air reactor 5 tops.
Coal pressurization high density recirculating fluidized bed burning chemistry chains separation of C O
2The concrete thinking of device be: coal particle and gasifying agent (water vapour and CO
2Mixture) bottom section from pressurization high density recirculating fluidized bed fuel reaction device 1 enters, the generating gasification reaction, and gasification product and return the oxygen carrier generation redox reaction of fuel reaction device 1 then, gasification product is become CO by oxygen carrier oxidating
2And H
2O.The flue gas that reaction produces carries the oxygen loss oxygen carrier and the carbon containing coal ash leaves fuel reaction device 1, enter primary cyclone 2, the oxygen loss oxygen carrier is separated and enters air reactor 5, and carbon containing coal ash and a small amount of oxygen loss oxygen carrier fine grained then enter secondary cyclone 10 with flue gas.In secondary cyclone 10, realize the secondary separation of flue gas and solid particle (carbon containing coal ash and oxygen loss oxygen carrier fine grained), obtain clean CO
2With H
2The mixture of O (vapour) is rejected H through condensation
2O obtains highly purified CO
2, fuel reaction device 1 is given in 13 returning charges of isolated solid particle process secondary material returning device.Oxygen loss oxygen carrier from primary cyclone 2 comes out enters air reactor 5, is in contact with one another the generation redox reaction, reacted tail gas (N with the air that laterally passes through
2With a small amount of O
2Mixture) discharge from air reactor exhaust outlet D, and regenerate after the oxidation by air of oxygen loss oxygen carrier, get back to fuel reaction device 1 through one-level material returning device 8 and continue reaction.
Followingly describe coal of the present invention pressurization high density recirculating fluidized bed burning chemistry chains separation of C O in detail with reference to Fig. 1
2The specific embodiment of device.
Present embodiment is oxygen carrier with the iron ore.Steam and CO
2Mixture is as gasifying agent and fluidizing agent; enter from the gasification agent inlet B of pressurization high density recirculating fluidized bed fuel reaction device 1 bottom, carry the coal particle that enters from coal particle inlet A, the returning charge that contains high concentration oxygen carrier iron ore that enters from one-level returning charge inlet C and coal and the oxygen carrier fine-grained mixture that enters from secondary returning charge inlet D move upward.In this process, gasifying agent and the reaction of coal generating gasification, (main component is CO and H to generate coal gas
2), coal gas again with oxygen carrier generation redox reaction, the oxygen in the oxygen carrier passes to coal gas, makes CO be oxidized to CO
2, H
2Be oxidized to H
2O (vapour) becomes ferrous oxide or tri-iron tetroxide and the iron ore oxygen carrier loses partial oxygen.Oxygen carrier generation redox reaction consumes CO and H
2, promoted the coal gasification reaction.
Reacted solid particle (oxygen loss oxygen carrier granule and carbon containing coal ash) is taken out of by flue gas, enter primary cyclone 2, most of oxygen loss oxygen carrier granule is separated and enters cross-flow moving bed air reactor 5, and carbon containing coal ash and a small amount of oxygen loss oxygen carrier fine grained then enter secondary cyclone 10 with flue gas.Primary cyclone 2 isolated oxygen loss oxygen carriers, enter from the top of cross-flow moving bed air reactor 5, air then evenly enters through behind the flase floor 6 from air intake E, both contact the generation redox reaction, reacted tail gas is discharged from air reactor exhaust outlet F, and oxygen loss oxygen carrier oxidation by air regeneration, the oxygen carrier after the regeneration enters one-level material returning device 8, at the CO that enters from one-level material returning device air inlet G
2Under the booster action of gas, get back to fuel reaction device 1 and continue reaction, the shuttling movement of above material has constituted one-level returning charge circulation.When the oxygen carrier oxygen carrying capability obviously descends, need to discharge the oxygen carrier of permanent deactivation from inactivation oxygen carrier granule removal device 7, simultaneously, replenish the corresponding fresh oxygen carrier from fresh oxygen carrier granule dispenser 4.
The carbon containing coal ash that carries that comes out from primary cyclone 2 enters in the secondary cyclone 10 with a small amount of fine grain flue gas of oxygen loss oxygen carrier, secondary separation takes place, CO
2And H
2The admixture of gas of O (vapour) is discharged from secondary cyclone gas outlet H, rejects water vapour through condensation, obtains highly purified CO
2, isolated solid particle enters secondary material returning device 13, at the CO that enters from secondary material returning device air inlet I
2Under the booster action of gas, be back to fuel reaction device 1, the shuttling movement of above material has constituted secondary returning charge circulation.
Claims (3)
1. the device of a coal pressurization high density recirculating fluidized bed burning chemistry chains separating carbon dioxide is characterized in that this device comprises pressurization high density recirculating fluidized bed fuel reaction device (1), primary cyclone (2), primary dipleg (3), fresh oxygen carrier granule dispenser (4), cross-flow moving bed air reactor (5), flase floor (6), inactivation oxygen carrier granule removal device (7), one-level material returning device (8), one-level blast pipe (9), secondary cyclone (10), secondary blast pipe (11), secondary dipleg (12) and secondary material returning device (13);
The top of the high density of wherein pressurizeing recirculating fluidized bed fuel reaction device (1) is connected with primary cyclone (2), the bottom of primary cyclone (2) is connected with cross-flow moving bed air reactor (5) by primary dipleg (3), the bottom of cross-flow moving bed air reactor (5) is connected by the bottom of one-level material returning device (8) with pressurization high density recirculating fluidized bed fuel reaction device (1), constitutes the one-level closed circuit;
The top of pressurization high density recirculating fluidized bed fuel reaction device (1) is connected with primary cyclone (2), the top of primary cyclone (2) is connected by the top of one-level blast pipe (9) with secondary cyclone (10), the bottom of secondary cyclone (10) is communicated with secondary material returning device (13) by secondary dipleg (12), the outlet of secondary material returning device (13) is connected with pressurization high density recirculating fluidized bed fuel reaction device (1), constitutes the secondary closed circuit.
2. the device of coal pressurization high density recirculating fluidized bed burning chemistry chains separating carbon dioxide according to claim 1 is characterized in that the top exit of described pressurization high density recirculating fluidized bed fuel reaction device (1) connects primary cyclone (2); Bottom inlet is followed successively by gasification agent inlet (B), coal particle inlet (A), one-level returning charge inlet (C) and secondary returning charge inlet (D) from down to up, wherein gasification agent inlet (B) is arranged in the bottom of pressurization high density recirculating fluidized bed fuel reaction device (1), and coal particle inlet (A), one-level returning charge inlet (C) and secondary returning charge inlet (D) are arranged in the side of pressurization high density recirculating fluidized bed fuel reaction device (1).
3. the device of coal pressurization high density recirculating fluidized bed burning chemistry chains separating carbon dioxide according to claim 1, it is characterized in that being provided with in the described cross-flow moving bed air reactor (5) many to its centroclinal flase floor (6), be respectively equipped with air intake (E) and air reactor exhaust outlet (F) in cross-flow moving bed air reactor (5) both sides, be provided with inactivation oxygen carrier granule removal device (7) in cross-flow moving bed air reactor (5) bottom, be provided with fresh oxygen carrier granule dispenser (4) on cross-flow moving bed air reactor (5) top.
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| CN102425788A (en) * | 2011-08-30 | 2012-04-25 | 东南大学 | Apparatus for separating CO2 by pressurized double-loop circulating fluidized bed coal chemical looping combustion |
| CN102705822A (en) * | 2012-05-18 | 2012-10-03 | 东南大学 | Device and method for separating CO2 by circulating fluidized bed chemical looping-combustion of coal and combustible solid waste |
| CN103087776A (en) * | 2013-02-18 | 2013-05-08 | 上海锅炉厂有限公司 | Chemical Iooping combustion-based dry pulverized coal pressurized entrained-flow bed gasification method and chemical Iooping combustion-based dry pulverized coal pressurized entrained-flow bed gasification device |
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| CN102313283A (en) * | 2011-08-30 | 2012-01-11 | 东南大学 | Coal chemical looping combustion method by using pressurized two-circuit circulating fluidized bed |
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| CN103087776A (en) * | 2013-02-18 | 2013-05-08 | 上海锅炉厂有限公司 | Chemical Iooping combustion-based dry pulverized coal pressurized entrained-flow bed gasification method and chemical Iooping combustion-based dry pulverized coal pressurized entrained-flow bed gasification device |
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