CN101666546B - Pulverized coal combustion method and device with function of capturing CO2 - Google Patents
Pulverized coal combustion method and device with function of capturing CO2 Download PDFInfo
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- CN101666546B CN101666546B CN2009102723555A CN200910272355A CN101666546B CN 101666546 B CN101666546 B CN 101666546B CN 2009102723555 A CN2009102723555 A CN 2009102723555A CN 200910272355 A CN200910272355 A CN 200910272355A CN 101666546 B CN101666546 B CN 101666546B
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- fluidized bed
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- oxygen
- generate
- cyclone separator
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Abstract
The invention provides a pulverized coal combustion method with the function of capturing CO2, comprising the steps: CuFe2O4 is decomposed to generate O2 and oxygen vacancy ferrite CuFe2O4-delta (delta is no less than 0 but no more than 2); oxidation reaction is generated between the pulverized coal and the oxygen vacancy ferrite so as to generate CO2, H2O and non-condensed gas, wherein the oxidation reaction is generated between the non-condensed gas and O2 which is obtained by decomposition so as to generate CO2 and steam. The device for achieving the method comprises a loop which is formedby the communication of a fast fluidized bed, a first cyclone separator, a two-stage type bubbling fluidized bed, a U-type flow seal valve and the fast fluidized bed in sequence; and the bubbling fluidized bed is also communicated with a second cyclone separator which is communicated with an ash catching device. The pulverized coal combustion method with the function of capturing CO2 effectively combines a pure oxygen combustion technology of coal with a chemical chain combustion technology, not only lowers the preparation cost of the pure CO2, but also fully realizes the separation of the high-concentration CO2 after the coal reaction.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to a kind of coal dust combustion method and device.
Background technology
Along with the quick growth of energy demand and the rapid increase of fossil fuel use amount, cause greenhouse gases CO
2Continue to increase control combustion of fossil fuel process CO in natural cumulant
2Discharging, have important effect for reply greenhouse effects and global warming.Particularly for China, in view of the characteristics of its energy resource structure based on coal, CO
2Emission level sharply increases and has occupy the present situation of second place of the world, develops coal-fired efficiently CO
2Emission-reduction technology, the coal-fired CO of control China
2Emission level has important social meaning and economic worth.
In traditional pulverized coal combustion, because N in the air
2For the dilution of coal combustion tail gas, cause CO in the fire coal tail gas
2Volume share have only about 15%, therefore will be from big flow and low CO
2In the flue gas of volume share to CO
2Catch separation, need expend a large amount of costs and energy.Given this, use the pure O that from air, separates
2Replace the pure oxygen burning technology of combustion air, can make CO in the coal combustion reaction end gas as oxidant
2Volumetric concentration up to 90-95%, thereby realize CO with less cost condensation compression back
2forever seal up for safekeeping.But the major defect of this technology is that air separation prepares high-purity O
2Investment big, energy consumption is high.
Different with above-mentioned pure oxygen burning technology, be the chemical chain burning technology of fuel directly with the coal, at first by metal oxide as the carrier of oxygen, in the fuel reaction device, carry out reduction reaction with coal and gasification product thereof, the carrier of oxygen that is reduced transmits to send into again and carries out oxidation regeneration in the air reactor.With respect to the pure oxygen burning technology, this technology has outstanding feature and advantage, not only can eradicate the NOx that coal produces in the traditional combustion course of reaction, improves the utilization ratio of coal; Simultaneously, when coal and carrier of oxygen complete reaction, product only comprises CO
2And steam, need not extra separator and measure, handle through simple condensation, just can obtain high-purity CO
2, be convenient to follow-up storage and handle.But when being fuel,, cause the reaction of the coal and the carrier of oxygen not exclusively, contain CO, H in the coal reaction end gas because the speed of the coal gasification speed ratio carrier of oxygen and the reaction of coal gasification product is much lower with the coal
2And CH
4Deng on-condensible gas, give CO in the tail gas
2Separation cause very big difficulty and obstacle.
Summary of the invention
The object of the present invention is to provide a kind of CO of having
2The coal dust combustion method of capturing function and device, pure oxygen burning technology and the effective combination of chemical chain burning technology with coal had both overcome pure O
2Preparation cost, realize coal reaction back high concentration CO again
2Efficient separation.
A kind of have a CO
2The coal dust combustion method of capturing function is to CuFe
2O
4Decompose and generate O
2With the oxygen vacancy ferrite, the coal dust generation reduction reaction after oxygen vacancy ferrite and the gasification generates CO
2, H
2The O that O and incondensable gas, incondensable gas obtain with decomposition again
2Carry out oxidation reaction and generate CO
2And H
2O.
A kind of device of realizing above-mentioned coal dust combustion method comprises by the upper semisection of fast fluidized bed 1, first cyclone separator 2, bubbling fluidized bed 3, lower semisection, U type loop seal 4 and the fast fluidized bed 1 of bubbling fluidized bed 3 being communicated with the loop that constitutes successively; The upper semisection of bubbling fluidized bed 3 also is communicated with second cyclone separator 5, and second cyclone separator 5 is communicated with ash catcher 6; The upper semisection of bubbling fluidized bed 3 and the joint of lower semisection are the girdling type structure.
Technique effect of the present invention is embodied in: the present invention is in two-part bubbling fluidization bed bioreactor, with CuFe
2O
4Be the carrier of oxygen, make CuFe
2O
4Decompose and discharge pure O
2Gas, CuFe
2O
4The reduction reaction of the carrier of oxygen and coal and gasification product thereof, coal fully do not react the on-condensible gas that is discharged and (comprise CO, H
2And CH
4Deng) and pure O
2Processes such as the abundant oxidation of gas can effectively be carried out in same reaction unit, overcome and made big, the defect of high cost of pure oxygen process energy consumption in the coal pure oxygen burning technology, many drawbacks such as coal utilization efficient is low in the coal chemistry chain burning technology, the pure oxygen burning technology of coal and the chemical chain burning technology of coal are organically combined, and coal reaction back resulting be CO
2And steam, through after the condensation separation, can obtain the CO of high concentration
2Gas is convenient to follow-up storage and is handled, thus CO in the atmosphere that is caused when effectively having prevented the fire coal tail gas emptying
2The rapid increase of concentration level, for the clean utilization of realizing coal, high concentration CO
2High-efficiency low energy consumption catch coal-fired CO
2CO in emission level and the atmosphere
2Effective reduction of concentration level, greenhouse effects and global warming resistance, have far-reaching social effect and economic worth.
Description of drawings
Fig. 1 is apparatus of the present invention structural representations.
The specific embodiment
Proposed by the invention have a CO
2The new coal powder use device of capturing function is made up of fast fluidized bed 1, first cyclone separator 2, bubbling fluidized bed 3, U type loop seal 4, second cyclone separator 5 and ash catcher 6.The top of fast fluidized bed 1 is communicated with first cyclone separator 2, discharge the reaction surplus air by first separator 2, and first cyclone separator, 2 bottom diplegs are connected with the upper semisection of bubbling fluidized bed 3, the coal reaction end gas is discharged by second cyclone separator 5, coal fly ash and tiny carrier of oxygen particle are collected by ash catcher 6, the lower semisection of this bubbling fluidized bed 3 then links to each other with U type loop seal 4, introduce fast fluidized bed 1 again, finish the oxidation regeneration of the carrier of oxygen and follow-up repeatedly circulation and carry.Bubbling fluidized bed adopts two-part, the joint of upper semisection and lower semisection is the girdling type structure, promptly the suitable for reading of the end opening of this upper semisection and lower semisection all inwardly drawn in gradually, make the sectional area of joint less than last, the sectional area of hypomere, this tissue and carrier of oxygen for the fluidized bed gas flow field mixes and fully reaction with the effective of coal particle, and is highly beneficial.
Proposed by the invention have a CO
2The new coal powder of capturing function is utilized technology, CuFe
2O
4The carrier of oxygen delivers into the epimere of bubbling fluidization bed bioreactor 3 by willy-willy separator 2, finishes CuFe
2O
4The pure O of the carrier of oxygen
2Decomposition discharge, and form oxygen-enriched atmosphere in the B zone; Coal is by CO
2Strength delivers into the lower semisection of this fluidized-bed reactor 3, with steam or CO
2As fluidizing agent, the bottom by this fluidized-bed reactor enters, and coal is fully gasified, and decomposes the CuFe that discharges oxygen
2O
4The carrier of oxygen (oxygen vacancy ferrite) then carries out reduction reaction with coal and gasification product thereof in the C zone, when reacting gas flows through the upper semisection of this fluid bed and CuFe
2O
4Decompose the pure O that discharges
2Further carry out pure oxygen burning in the B zone, tail gas is discharged by whirly separator 5, and steam wherein just can obtain high concentration CO through condensation separation
2, separated flying dust and carrier of oxygen fine grained are then collected by ash catcher 6.Simultaneously, the carrier of oxygen CuFe that is reduced at these fluid bed 3 lower semisections
2O
4, then transmit and enter U type loop seal 4, under the fluidisation of steam, make coal tar particle and carrier of oxygen particle further react, avoid CO as far as possible
2Leakage enters in the fast fluidized bed 1, and the oxygen vacancy ferrite that is reduced then further enters fast fluidized bed 1 by U type loop seal 4, and itself and air oxidation reaction are regenerated as CuFe
2O
4Thereby, finish with CuFe
2O
4For the carrier of oxygen is the whole burning chemistry chains process of fuel with the coal.With this, make CuFe
2O
4Decompose and discharge pure O
2, CuFe
2O
4The reduction reaction of the carrier of oxygen and coal and gasification product thereof and coal fully do not react the on-condensible gas that is discharged and (comprise CO, H
2And CH
4Deng) and pure O
2Many courses of reaction such as abundant oxidation, be integrated in the same reactor and effectively carry out stage by stage, thus coal and pure O
2The pure oxygen burning technology and the chemical chain burning technology of the coal and the metal carrier of oxygen organically combine.
CuFe
2O
4Decompose the oxygen vacancy ferrite CuFe that obtains
2O
4-δ(0≤δ≤2) return fast fluidized bed 1, and itself and the abundant oxidation regeneration of air are carrier of oxygen CuFe
2O
4, and absorb a large amount of heat that this reaction discharges, carry the regeneration CuFe of a large amount of heats then
2O
4The carrier of oxygen enters the upper semisection of bubbling fluidized bed 3 by first cyclone separator 2, utilizes its entrained a large amount of heats, and at coal and original CuFe
2O
4Under the formed reducing atmosphere of product, decomposition discharges pure O
2Thereby, finish the recycled for multiple times of this carrier of oxygen.
Claims (2)
1. one kind has CO
2The coal dust combustion method of capturing function is to CuFe
2O
4Decompose and generate O
2With the oxygen vacancy ferrite, coal dust after the gasification and oxygen vacancy ferrite generation oxidation reaction generate CO
2,H
2O and incondensable gas, the O that incondensable gas and decomposition obtain
2Carry out oxidation reaction again and generate CO
2And water vapour.
2. realize that claim 1 is described and have a CO for one kind
2The device of the coal dust combustion method of capturing function comprises by the upper semisection of fast fluidized bed (1), first cyclone separator (2), bubbling fluidized bed (3), lower semisection, U type loop seal (4) and the fast fluidized bed (1) of bubbling fluidized bed (3) being communicated with the loop that constitutes successively; The upper semisection of bubbling fluidized bed (3) also is communicated with second cyclone separator (5), and second cyclone separator (5) is communicated with ash catcher (6); The upper semisection of bubbling fluidized bed (3) and the joint of lower semisection are the girdling type structure.
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Cited By (1)
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---|---|---|---|---|
CN102589147A (en) * | 2012-03-02 | 2012-07-18 | 东南大学 | Method for combusting solid fuel by chemical looping and device thereof |
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