CN102200277B - Chemical chain combustion method and device through solid fuel - Google Patents
Chemical chain combustion method and device through solid fuel Download PDFInfo
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- CN102200277B CN102200277B CN2011101067965A CN201110106796A CN102200277B CN 102200277 B CN102200277 B CN 102200277B CN 2011101067965 A CN2011101067965 A CN 2011101067965A CN 201110106796 A CN201110106796 A CN 201110106796A CN 102200277 B CN102200277 B CN 102200277B
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02E—REDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
- Y02E20/00—Combustion technologies with mitigation potential
- Y02E20/34—Indirect CO2mitigation, i.e. by acting on non CO2directly related matters of the process, e.g. pre-heating or heat recovery
Abstract
The invention discloses a chemical chain combustion method and a chemical chain combustion device through solid fuel. The method comprises the following steps that: an oxygen carrier Cu is oxidized by air in an air reactor to form CuO, and the CuO enters an oxygen release reactor and is decomposed to form Cu2O and release molecular oxygen O2; the Cu2O is accumulated in the oxygen release reactor and returns to the air reactor through a discharging pipe of the oxygen release reactor and an overflow tank, and the Cu2O is oxidized to form CuO again, and the CuO is recycled; and the molecular oxygen O2 released from the oxygen release reactor enters a fuel reactor and is subjected to a combustion reaction with fuel in the fuel reactor, gaseous products in the fuel reactors are CO2 and water vapor only, and after the water is condensed and separated, pure CO2 is obtained. The heat generated in the whole system is equal to the heat obtained by fuel combustion in the air, but CO2 is separated inherently.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to a kind of method and apparatus of burning chemistry chains, relate in particular to a kind of burning chemistry chains and separation of C O of using solid fuel
2Method and device thereof.
Background technology
Since industrial civilization, the CO in the earth atmosphere
2Concentration sharply rises owing to human activity in production.CO
2As a kind of typical greenhouse gases, directly cause greenhouse effects.Along with Global climate change is day by day remarkable in recent years, CO
2Capture the hot issue that becomes the current energy and environmental science research with (CCS) technology of sealing up for safekeeping.Burning chemistry chains is a kind of CO that grows up the eighties in 20th century
2The separation and collection technology.The burning chemistry chains process is finished in two reactors, and one is air reactor, and another is fuel reactor, and the solid matter that circulates in two reactors is called oxygen carrier.In air reactor, the oxygen carrier of lower valency is become high valence state by airborne dioxygen oxidation, and oxygen carrier obtains oxygen; The oxygen carrier of high valence state enters fuel reactor, is reduced by fuel gas in fuel reactor, and namely oxygen carrier discharges oxygen, and oxygen carrier is come back to by high valence state and is that lower valency, the gaseous product of fuel reactor are steam and CO
2, behind water wherein, obtain pure CO
2, realize CO
2Separation; The oxygen carrier of lower valency is got back to air reactor and is carried out circulation next time.The total reaction of burning chemistry chains still is the aerial combustion reaction of fuel, obtains the heat that equates at combustion synthesis in air with fuel, still passes through this circulation, the burning chemistry chains process implementation CO
2The inherence separate and do not need extra energy consumption.Therefore, burning chemistry chains is the promising CO of a kind of tool
2Trapping technique also becomes one of current study hotspot.
Summary of the invention
The invention provides a kind of method and apparatus of the burning chemistry chains that uses solid fuel.The present invention can effective separation CO when realizing solid fuel ignition
2, have advantages of the greenhouse gas emission of minimizing.
Technical scheme of the present invention is as follows:
A kind of method of the burning chemistry chains that uses solid fuel, the oxygen carrier Cu of lower valency is inserted in the air reactor, pass into air in the air reactor bottom, air reactor is in the fast fluidized bed state, the temperature of air reactor is controlled at 900-950 ℃, Cu is oxidation by air in air reactor, generates the CuO of high valence state; CuO by air-lift unit to cyclone separator; Gas-solid is through separating, and oxygen debt air is overflowed from the outlet of cyclone separator, and CuO enters the oxygen release reactor by the cyclone separator tremie pipe; The temperature of oxygen release reactor is controlled at 900-950 ℃; In the oxygen release reactor, CuO discharges molecular oxygen O
2Oxygen carrier is got back to the Cu of lower valency from the CuO of high valence state
2O; O
2Overflow from the outlet of oxygen release reactor, enter fuel reactor, Cu
2O gets back in the air reactor by oxygen release reactor tremie pipe and overflow launder, and oxidation by air, regenerates the CuO of high valence state, and oxygen carrier is realized recycling; Coal is added fuel reactor by screw feeder, and the lower end of fuel reactor passes into steam, and fuel reactor is in bubbling fluidization; The temperature of fuel reactor is controlled at 900-950 ℃, and pyrolysis of coal generates coke, and coke and the reaction of steam generating gasification generate with H
2With CO be the synthesis gas of main component; The coke of synthesis gas and not gasification with from the oxygen O of oxygen release reactor outlet
2Combustion reaction occurs, and releases heat, this heat are kept fuel reaction actuator temperature and the required heat absorption of gasification reaction; The ash that produces in gasification and the combustion process is discharged by the slag-drip opening of fuel reactor bottom; The gaseous product of fuel reactor is CO
2With steam, CO
2Overflow from the fuel reactor outlet with steam, behind water wherein, obtain pure CO
2, realize CO
2Separation and capture.
Device technique scheme of the present invention is as follows:
A kind of device of the method for the above-mentioned burning chemistry chains that uses solid fuel is comprised of air reactor, cyclone separator, cyclone separator tremie pipe, fuel reactor, oxygen release reactor, screw feeder, oxygen release reactor tremie pipe and overflow launder; The top of air reactor links to each other with the import of cyclone separator; The lower end of cyclone separator is the cyclone separator tremie pipe; The cyclone separator tremie pipe passes the top of fuel reactor and inserts in the oxygen release reactor; The oxygen release reactor places the inside of fuel reactor; The bottom that oxygen release reactor tremie pipe passes fuel reactor links to each other with overflow launder; Be provided with oxygen outlet and oxygen outlet is positioned at fuel reactor at the oxygen release reactor; Overflow launder links to each other with the lower end of air reactor; The bottom of overflow launder is provided with loosening minute mouthful; The bottom of fuel reactor is provided with steam mouth and slag-drip opening; The lower end side of fuel reactor links to each other with screw feeder.
Compared with prior art, the present invention has following advantage:
(1), the invention belongs to chemical chain burning technology, inherited the advantage of burning chemistry chains.The CO of present industrial maturation
2Isolation technics has the MDEA absorption method, and the major defect of MDEA absorption method is the complex manufacturing of amine absorber, and is with high costs; Amine absorber is poisonous simultaneously, and it can produce harm to operating personnel's health inevitably in production and use procedure, and environment is caused secondary pollution.The oxygen-enriched combusting that in recent years new development is got up also is a kind of effective CO
2The separation and collection technology, but the air separation unit of oxygen-enriched combusting needs a large amount of energy consumptions in the preparation process of pure oxygen, directly reduce whole system efficient.Fuel is utilized by the mode of burning chemistry chains, and the heat that fuel discharges in the process of burning chemistry chains equates with the heat that the aerial burning of fuel discharges, but the burning chemistry chains process has realized CO inherently
2Separation and do not need extra energy consumption, it will be further appreciated that, in utilizing the heat of burning chemistry chains, because heat transfer temperature difference is low, the of system loss reduces, the energy service efficiency of system is improved.
(2), in the burning chemistry chains of classics, directly enter fuel reactor from the oxygen carrier of air reactor and participate in reaction.Fuel reactor adopts gaseous fuel usually, such as natural gas or synthesis gas.But China is a country take coal as main fuel, and the reserves of natural gas are far below coal.If coal is obtained synthesis gas by gasification, again synthesis gas is sent into the fuel reactor reaction, this needs extra gasification installation, directly causes the increase of equipment investment and operating cost.Coal is directly sent into fuel reactor, allow the reduction of fuel gasification and oxygen carrier in same reactor, carry out, this also is a kind of method of burning chemistry chains of using solid fuel, but directly solid fuel is sent into fuel reactor, ash content in the solid fuel is difficult to separate with oxygen carrier, these ash contents can directly stick to the oxygen carrier surface, cause the oxygen carrier inactivation; Simultaneously, the fuel reactor that uses solid fuel is in the process of deslagging, because ash content is difficult to separate with oxygen carrier, thus will inevitably the discharge section oxygen carrier in the process of deslagging, caused the loss of oxygen carrier, increased the cost of investment of oxygen carrier.The present invention is built-in oxygen release reactor in fuel reactor, according to the thermodynamical equilibrium characteristic of CuO oxygen carrier, discharges molecular oxygen O in the oxygen release reactor of CuO oxygen carrier in low oxygen partial pressure environment
2, the oxygen after the release enters in the fuel reactor and gasification product and solid fuel generation combustion reaction again.Solid fuel can not directly contact with oxygen carrier, avoided the ash content in the fuel reactor to pollute oxygen carrier and cause its inactivation, the fuel reactor lower end is provided with slag-drip opening simultaneously, and the material that slag-drip opening is discharged only is the reacted ash content of solid fuel, oxygen carrier has not been saved the oxygen carrier resource.According to HSC Chemistry software simulation, 2CuO 2Cu
2O+O
2The equilibrium partial pressure of oxygen is 2% in the time of 900 ℃, and in air reactor, the concentration of oxygen is 21% in the inlet air, and oxygen carrier exists with the form of CuO, in fuel reactor and oxygen release reactor-side, because fuel can be with the O that discharges in the oxygen carrier
2Complete reaction causes the partial pressure of oxygen of oxygen release reactor extremely low (＜＜2%), and the CuO that newly enters in the oxygen release reactor is decomposed into Cu immediately
2O, and discharge molecular oxygen O
2Combustion reaction in the feed fuels reactor, during greater than the reduction reaction stoichiometric number of CuO (CuO can provide enough oxygen), the gas of fuel reactor outlet only is CO in the internal circulating load of CuO
2With steam.
(3), the internal circulating load of this reactor by changing oxygen carrier can the fuel metering reactor outlet gas composition, realize multiple use.The oxygen that provides when oxygen carrier is during greater than the required stoichiometric number of complete combustion of fuel, and fuel is realized completing combustion, and the gaseous product of fuel reactor outlet only is CO
2And steam, realize CO
2Capture.The hypoxgia that provides when oxygen carrier, when namely being lower than the stoichiometric number of complete combustion of fuel, owing to passing into steam under the fuel reactor, solid fuel reacts main generating gasification, the oxygen that oxygen carrier provides only is used for the combustion parts synthesis gas, the heat that discharges is kept gasification reaction, therefore the fuel reactor outlet is with H
2With CO be the synthesis gas of main component, realized producing of synthesis gas.
Description of drawings
Fig. 1 is the use solid fuel installation drawing of burning chemistry chains of the present invention.
The specific embodiment
Embodiment 1
A kind of method of the burning chemistry chains that uses solid fuel, the oxygen carrier Cu of lower valency is inserted in the air reactor 1, A passes into air in the air reactor bottom, air reactor 1 is in the fast fluidized bed state, the temperature of air reactor 1 is controlled at 900 ℃, Cu oxidation by air in air reactor 1 generates the CuO of high valence state; CuO by air-lift unit to cyclone separator 2; Gas-solid is through separating, and oxygen debt air is overflowed from the outlet G of cyclone separator, and CuO enters oxygen release reactor 5 by cyclone separator tremie pipe 3; The temperature of oxygen release reactor 5 is controlled at 900 ℃; In oxygen release reactor 5, CuO discharges molecular oxygen O
2Oxygen carrier is got back to the Cu of lower valency from the CuO of high valence state
2O; O
2Overflow from the outlet E of oxygen release reactor, enter fuel reactor 4, Cu
2O gets back in the air reactor 1 by oxygen release reactor tremie pipe 7 and overflow launder 8, and oxidation by air, regenerates the CuO of high valence state, and oxygen carrier is realized recycling; Coal is added fuel reactor 4 by screw feeder 6, and the lower end C of fuel reactor passes into steam, and fuel reactor 4 is in bubbling fluidization; The temperature of fuel reactor 4 is controlled at 950 ℃, and pyrolysis of coal generates coke, and coke and the reaction of steam generating gasification generate with H
2With CO be the synthesis gas of main component; The coke of synthesis gas and not gasification with from the oxygen O of oxygen release reactor outlet E
2Combustion reaction occurs, and releases heat, this heat are kept fuel reaction actuator temperature and the required heat absorption of gasification reaction; The ash that produces in gasification and the combustion process is discharged by the slag-drip opening D of fuel reactor bottom; The gaseous product of fuel reactor 4 is CO
2With steam, CO
2Overflow from fuel reactor outlet F with steam, behind water wherein, obtain pure CO
2, realize CO
2Separation and capture; Such as accompanying drawing 1; Pass into the loosening elegance steam of the bottom B of overflow launder 8.
A kind of device for the burning chemistry chains method that realizes using solid fuel is comprised of air reactor 1, cyclone separator 2, cyclone separator tremie pipe 3, fuel reactor 4, oxygen release reactor 5, screw feeder 6, oxygen release reactor tremie pipe 7 and overflow launder 8; The top of air reactor 1 links to each other with the import of cyclone separator 2; The lower end of cyclone separator 2 is cyclone separator tremie pipe 3; Cyclone separator tremie pipe 3 passes the top of fuel reactor 4 and inserts in the oxygen release reactor 5; Oxygen release reactor 5 places the inside of fuel reactor 4; The bottom that oxygen release reactor tremie pipe 7 passes fuel reactor 4 links to each other with overflow launder 8; Be provided with oxygen outlet E and oxygen outlet E is positioned at fuel reactor 4 at oxygen release reactor 5; Overflow launder 8 links to each other with the lower end of air reactor 1; The bottom B of overflow launder 8 is provided with loosening minute mouthful; The bottom of fuel reactor 4 is provided with steam mouth C and slag-drip opening D; The lower end side of fuel reactor 4 links to each other with screw feeder 6; Such as accompanying drawing 1.
Claims (3)
1. the method for the burning chemistry chains that uses solid fuel, it is characterized in that: the oxygen carrier Cu of lower valency is inserted in the air reactor (1), pass into air in air reactor bottom (A), air reactor (1) is in the fast fluidized bed state, the temperature of air reactor (1) is controlled at 900-950 ℃, Cu oxidation by air in air reactor (1) generates the CuO of high valence state; CuO by air-lift unit to cyclone separator (2); Gas-solid is through separating, and oxygen debt air is overflowed from the outlet (G) of cyclone separator, and CuO enters oxygen release reactor (5) by cyclone separator tremie pipe (3); The temperature of oxygen release reactor (5) is controlled at 900-950 ℃; Described oxygen release reactor (5) is placed in the fuel reactor (4), and in oxygen release reactor (5), CuO discharges molecular oxygen O
2Oxygen carrier is got back to the Cu of lower valency from the CuO of high valence state
2O; O
2Overflow from the outlet (E) of oxygen release reactor, enter fuel reactor (4), Cu
2O gets back in the air reactor (1) by oxygen release reactor tremie pipe (7) and overflow launder (8), and oxidation by air, regenerates the CuO of high valence state, and oxygen carrier is realized recycling; Coal is added fuel reactor (4) by screw feeder (6), and the lower end of fuel reactor (C) passes into steam, and fuel reactor (4) is in bubbling fluidization; The temperature of fuel reactor (4) is controlled at 900-950 ℃, and pyrolysis of coal generates coke, and coke and the reaction of steam generating gasification generate with H
2With CO be the synthesis gas of main component; The coke of synthesis gas and not gasification with from the oxygen O of oxygen release reactor outlet (E)
2Combustion reaction occurs, and releases heat, this heat are kept fuel reaction actuator temperature and the required heat absorption of gasification reaction; The ash that produces in gasification and the combustion process is discharged by the slag-drip opening (D) of fuel reactor bottom; The gaseous product of fuel reactor (4) is CO
2With steam, CO
2Overflow from fuel reactor outlet (F) with steam, behind water wherein, obtain pure CO
2, realize CO
2Separation and capture.
2. device of realizing the method for the burning chemistry chains that uses solid fuel claimed in claim 1, it is characterized in that, formed by air reactor (1), cyclone separator (2), cyclone separator tremie pipe (3), fuel reactor (4), oxygen release reactor (5), screw feeder (6), oxygen release reactor tremie pipe (7) and overflow launder (8); The top of air reactor (1) links to each other with the import of cyclone separator (2); The lower end of cyclone separator (2) is cyclone separator tremie pipe (3); Cyclone separator tremie pipe (3) passes the top of fuel reactor (4) and inserts in the oxygen release reactor (5); Oxygen release reactor (5) places the inside of fuel reactor (4); The bottom that oxygen release reactor tremie pipe (7) passes fuel reactor (4) links to each other with overflow launder (8); Be provided with oxygen release reactor outlet (E) and oxygen release reactor outlet (E) is positioned at fuel reactor (4) at oxygen release reactor (5); Overflow launder (8) links to each other with the lower end of air reactor (1); The bottom (B) of overflow launder (8) is provided with loosening air port; The bottom of fuel reactor (4) is provided with steam mouth (C) and slag-drip opening (D); The lower end side of fuel reactor (4) links to each other with screw feeder (6).
3. device according to claim 2 is characterized in that passing into the loosening elegance steam of the bottom (B) of overflow launder (8).
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| CN2011101067965A CN102200277B (en) | 2011-04-27 | 2011-04-27 | Chemical chain combustion method and device through solid fuel |
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| CN2011101067965A CN102200277B (en) | 2011-04-27 | 2011-04-27 | Chemical chain combustion method and device through solid fuel |
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