CN102081976B - High-capacity and fully passive containment cooling system - Google Patents
High-capacity and fully passive containment cooling system Download PDFInfo
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- CN102081976B CN102081976B CN200910226276A CN200910226276A CN102081976B CN 102081976 B CN102081976 B CN 102081976B CN 200910226276 A CN200910226276 A CN 200910226276A CN 200910226276 A CN200910226276 A CN 200910226276A CN 102081976 B CN102081976 B CN 102081976B
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- 238000001816 cooling Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 38
- 239000002826 coolant Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 58
- 239000007921 spray Substances 0.000 claims description 32
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 20
- ZZUFCTLCJUWOSV-UHFFFAOYSA-N furosemide Chemical compound C1=C(Cl)C(S(=O)(=O)N)=CC(C(O)=O)=C1NCC1=CC=CO1 ZZUFCTLCJUWOSV-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 10
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 claims description 6
- 230000015572 biosynthetic process Effects 0.000 claims description 3
- 238000012544 monitoring process Methods 0.000 claims description 3
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 abstract description 12
- 230000008569 process Effects 0.000 abstract description 7
- 238000003860 storage Methods 0.000 abstract description 2
- 239000007788 liquid Substances 0.000 description 4
- 238000013461 design Methods 0.000 description 3
- 230000004888 barrier function Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000005755 formation reaction Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000009471 action Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000004458 analytical method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000009835 boiling Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000015556 catabolic process Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000010276 construction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000008094 contradictory effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000002950 deficient Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000009795 derivation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000009826 distribution Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000005516 engineering process Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000010438 heat treatment Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000006872 improvement Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000002955 isolation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000012423 maintenance Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000003507 refrigerant Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000012827 research and development Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000011555 saturated liquid Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000007789 sealing Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000000126 substance Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000012360 testing method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000002699 waste material Substances 0.000 description 1
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02E—REDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
- Y02E30/00—Energy generation of nuclear origin
- Y02E30/30—Nuclear fission reactors
Abstract
The invention belongs to a containment cooling system, in particular, to a high-capacity and fully passive containment cooling system. The containment cooling system is used for collecting thermotechnical parameters related to the containment by using a sensor and tracking a cooling process; a plurality of storage boxes for storing different coolants is arranged above the containment; the dynamic control of containment cooling power can be realized by choosing the types of the coolants and adjusting the flows of the coolants; and by using a generalized passive control unit, the start-up and the whole running process of the containment cooling system can be completely independent on external power supply, thus the containment cooling system has a characteristic of fully passiveness.
Description
Technical field
The invention belongs to a kind of containment vessel cooling system, be specially a kind of high capacity, cooling power controlled, start and operation does not need the exterior power supply, has complete non-containment cooling system that can dynamic characteristic.
Background technology
Airtight containment is a nuclear power plant when having an accident, and prevents the important barrier that radiomaterial leaks.Containment cooling system does not exceed the design tolerance band in order to temperature and the pressure that guarantees environment in the containment, thereby keeps the sealing of containment.AP1000 is US Westinghouse company's research and development; Representative third generation nuclear power system; Its accident ultimate heat sink is served as by atmosphere; Therefore the containment of AP1000 promptly will be as the isolation boundary under the accident conditions, the interface of deriving as heat again, and the validity of its heat exchange is directly connected to the safety of power plant.(Passive Containment CoolingSystem is called for short: PCS) by a water tank that is integrated with the containment barrier mill construction, via the water yield distributor water is delivered to the pipeline of containment shell and relevant instrument, pipeline and valve constitutes from water tank the non-passive safety shell cooling system that AP1000 provides.Also comprise auxiliary water tank, a recirculation pump in addition and be used for to storage of water heating and add the auxiliary devices such as recirculation pipe of chemicals.Theoretical analysis and function test confirm that pcs system can effectively be controlled temperature and pressure in the containment under the situation of all design basis accidents and some major accidents, guarantee the low slip of containment.
The PCS system of AP1000 has typical non-ability dynamic characteristic to the spray cooling (or derivation of the interior heat of containment) of containment outside surface, and the realization of its function need not power maintenance, and process has high reliability.But right and wrong are inactive in the startup of this spray process, receive multiple conditionality, and the electric/pneumatic stop valve needs external power source/power source power supply/air feed, and its steering order is assigned by PMS.This means that the non-active cooling procedure of a high reliability possibly can't begin because start failure.
Nuclear power system upgrades to AP1000 by AP600; Improvement and dilatation to original pcs system are very limited; Its original design surplus remains little because of the lifting of power; If single heap power is further promoted 40% even higher, original pcs system certainly will can't satisfy keeps 72 hours job requirement, in addition can't the reactor accident initial stage with temperature in the containment and the scope of pressure control in safety in.Thereby the comparatively simple dilatation way of pcs system is to increase the containment height to increase containment thermal capacity and heat interchanging area; Increase spray flow; Increase water tank volume.Though these methods are effective, the burden that can bring device fabrication and factory building to build.
Summary of the invention
The objective of the invention is to defective to prior art; A kind of high capacity containment cooling system with complete non-ability dynamic characteristic is provided; Thereby solve by active action and control the contradictory problems that non-active process starts; And explore a kind of new PCS dilatation scheme, enlarge the capacity of outer wall fountain containment cooling system.
For realizing above-mentioned purpose; Technical scheme of the present invention is following: the complete non-passive safety shell of a kind of high capacity cooling system; Comprise that a plurality of containment tops that are positioned at are in order to store the hutch of different cooling mediums; The cooling medium supply line that hutch passes through separately respectively is connected with the non-active control module GPCC of broad sense, and the non-active control module GPCC of broad sense is connected with the cooling medium spray equipment that is positioned at containment outer wall top through the cooling medium spray pipe; Be provided with the thermal parameter sensor that is used for the supervisory system parameter in the containment, the thermal parameter sensor is connected with the non-active control module GPCC of broad sense through the thermal parameter feedback network.
Further; The complete non-passive safety shell of aforesaid high capacity cooling system; Wherein, The non-active control module GPCC of described broad sense comprises a plurality of H type hydro powered operation valves that are connected with the cooling medium spray pipe, and the front end of each H type hydro powered operation valve is connected with a cooling medium supply line; H type hydro powered operation valve is assigned through built-in command and the parameter feedback network is connected with the system intelligence module, and the system intelligence module connects the thermal parameter feedback network; The system intelligence module adopts the Programmable Logic Controller that prestores control program, realizes the monitoring of thermal parameter and assigning in real time of control command.
Further, the complete non-passive safety shell of aforesaid high capacity cooling system wherein, is provided with below the cooling medium spray equipment in order to reach the cooling medium deversoir that cooling medium covers homogenising.
Further; The complete non-passive safety shell of aforesaid high capacity cooling system wherein, is provided with concrete exterior wall in the containment outside; Between concrete exterior wall and containment outer wall, be provided with fair water fin; Be provided with air between fair water fin and the concrete exterior wall, be provided with air out between fair water fin and the containment outer wall, the air duct that air in, fair water fin, concrete exterior wall, the common formation of air out are turned back is to produce tangible chimney effect; Below concrete exterior wall, be provided with coolant outlet.
The invention has the advantages that: 1. because used the low boiling cooling medium; In the spray cooling procedure; The heat exchange pattern on containment surface more trends towards saturated liquid film heat exchange, and this can significantly improve the heat exchange efficiency of unit volume cooling medium, increases power system capacity and instantaneous heat exchange power; 2. through using the non-active control module of broad sense, system can control coolant flow, thereby farthest improve the cooling medium service efficiency according to the relevant thermal parameter of containment in real time, reaches best cooling effect.3. the non-active control module of broad sense is that system provides non-completely ability dynamic characteristic, can make system not rely on exterior power and control input, the independent containment refrigerating function of accomplishing, and this makes system reliability promote significantly.
Description of drawings
Fig. 1 is the structural representation of the complete non-passive safety shell of high capacity cooling system;
Fig. 2 is the non-active control module structural representation of broad sense.
1.A type cooling medium hutch 2.B class cooling medium hutch
3.C type cooling medium hutch 4. cooling medium supply lines
5. non-active control module 6. cooling medium spray pipes of broad sense
7. thermal parameter sensor 8. thermal parameter feedback networks
9. cooling medium spray equipment 10. cooling medium deversoirs
11. containment outer wall 12. concrete exterior walls
13. fair water fin 14. air ins
15. air out 16. coolant outlets
17.H type hydro powered operation valve 18. built-in commands are assigned and the parameter feedback path
19. system intelligence module
Embodiment
Below in conjunction with accompanying drawing and embodiment the present invention is carried out detailed description.
As shown in Figure 1; The complete non-passive safety shell of high capacity provided by the present invention cooling system comprises that a plurality of containment tops that are positioned at are in order to store the hutch of different cooling mediums; Be category-A cooling medium hutch 1, category-B cooling medium hutch 2, C class cooling medium hutch 3; System can use multiple cooling medium, according to concrete operating mode, containment is carried out single cooling medium spray or multiple cooling medium is united spray.The cooling medium supply line 4 that hutch 1,2,3 passes through separately respectively is connected with the non-active control module GPCC5 of broad sense; The non-active control module GPCC5 of broad sense is connected with the cooling medium spray equipment 9 that is positioned at containment outer wall 11 tops through cooling medium spray pipe 6; Below cooling medium spray equipment 9, be provided with in order to reach the cooling medium deversoir 10 that cooling medium covers homogenising; Under the situation of target flow; Through the distribution of cooling medium spray equipment 9 and cooling medium deversoir 10, cooling medium can effectively cover containment surface as much as possible, thereby makes the liquid film heat exchange on containment surface reach optimum efficiency.Be provided with the thermal parameter sensor 7 that is used for the supervisory system parameter in the containment, thermal parameter sensor 7 is connected with the non-active control module GPCC5 of broad sense through thermal parameter feedback network 8, and thermal parameter sensor 7 also is connected with the total Control Room of nuclear power station.Be provided with concrete exterior wall 12 in the containment outside, between concrete exterior wall 12 and containment outer wall 11, be provided with fair water fin 13, be provided with air in 14 between fair water fin 13 and the concrete exterior wall 12, be provided with air out 15 between fair water fin 13 and the containment outer wall 11; The air duct that air in 14, fair water fin 13, concrete exterior wall 12, air out 15 common formations are turned back; In the container spray cooling procedure; Can produce tangible chimney effect in the air duct of turning back, the air flow on containment surface can promote the heat exchange effect of liquid film.Below concrete exterior wall 12, be provided with coolant outlet 16.
The structure of the non-active control module GPCC of broad sense is as shown in Figure 2, comprises a plurality of H type hydro powered operation valves 17 that are connected with cooling medium spray pipe 6, and the front end of each H type hydro powered operation valve 17 is connected with a cooling medium supply line; H type hydro powered operation valve 17 is assigned through built-in command and parameter feedback network 18 is connected with system intelligence module 19; System intelligence module 19 connects thermal parameter feedback network 8; System intelligence module 19 adopts the Programmable Logic Controller that prestores control program, realizes the monitoring of thermal parameter and assigning in real time of control command.Thermal parameter sensor 7 can the various parameters that system is required offers the system intelligence module 19 of the non-active control module GPCC of broad sense through thermal parameter feedback network 8; Utilize the non-active control module GPCC of broad sense; System can not rely on any external impetus and control input (being complete non-ability dynamic characteristic), realizes that spray starts, and in the spray process, realizes real-time and control accurately to various cooling medium spray flows; According to concrete operating mode, select best cooling scheme for use.
Principle of work of the present invention is following: when serious mass-energy release accident takes place the reactor system in the containment; Confine in containment for making radiomaterial; All containments run through the path can effectively be closed; At this moment, environment will absorb all accident mass-energy release and the reactor waste after the breakdown in the containment, so temperature and pressure in the containment will constantly rise.When the pressure in the containment reached a certain threshold value, the sensor in the containment can be sent to non-active control module of broad sense and the total Control Room in power station with the containment high-voltage signal, started the container spray cooling.This start-up course need not exterior power and control input (can through total Control Room issue an order startups), has non-completely ability dynamic characteristic.The broad sense passive system can be confirmed the spray cooling scheme (comprising the selection of cooling medium kind and the dynamic control of coolant flow) that is fit to according to the real-time feedback of containment correlation parameter after starting the spray process.Cooling medium sprays to the cooling medium deversoir through spray pipe and spray equipment, and each sprays the containment surface to average back.Cooling medium contacts with the containment surface can form liquid film, and wherein a part of liquid can be taken away a large amount of heat through vaporescence, and another part then absorbs and flows downward after heat heats up, and finally flows out from the system coolant outlet, and is recovered.Because air out place temperature is higher, refrigerant evaporates is comparatively violent in the cooling procedure, can in the air flue of turning back, form chimney effect, thereby containment surface air velocity is increased, and promotes the exchange of heat.
Claims (4)
1. the complete non-passive safety shell of high capacity cooling system; It is characterized in that: this system comprises a plurality of hutchs (1,2,3) of containment top in order to store different cooling mediums that are positioned at; The cooling medium supply line (4) that hutch (1,2,3) passes through separately respectively is connected with the non-active control module GPCC of broad sense (5), and the non-active control module GPCC of broad sense (5) is connected with the cooling medium spray equipment (9) that is positioned at containment outer wall (11) top through cooling medium spray pipe (6); Be provided with the thermal parameter sensor (7) that is used for the supervisory system parameter in the containment, thermal parameter sensor (7) is connected with the non-active control module GPCC of broad sense (5) through thermal parameter feedback network (8); The non-active control module GPCC of described broad sense (5) comprises a plurality of H type hydro powered operation valves (17) that are connected with cooling medium spray pipe (6), and the front end of each H type hydro powered operation valve (17) is connected with a cooling medium supply line; H type hydro powered operation valve (17) is assigned through built-in command and parameter feedback network (18) is connected with system intelligence module (19), and system intelligence module (19) connects thermal parameter feedback network (8); System intelligence module (19) adopts the Programmable Logic Controller that prestores control program, realizes the monitoring of thermal parameter and assigning in real time of control command.
2. the complete non-passive safety shell of high capacity as claimed in claim 1 cooling system is characterized in that: be provided with in the below of cooling medium spray equipment (9) in order to reach the cooling medium deversoir (10) that cooling medium covers homogenising.
3. the complete non-passive safety shell of high capacity as claimed in claim 2 cooling system; It is characterized in that: be provided with concrete exterior wall (12) in the containment outside; Between concrete exterior wall (12) and containment outer wall (11), be provided with fair water fin (13); Be provided with air in (14) between fair water fin (13) and the concrete exterior wall (12), be provided with air out (15) between fair water fin (13) and the containment outer wall (11); The air duct that air in (14), fair water fin (13), concrete exterior wall (12), the common formation of air out (15) are turned back is to produce tangible chimney effect.
4. the complete non-passive safety shell of high capacity as claimed in claim 3 cooling system is characterized in that: be provided with coolant outlet (16) in the below of concrete exterior wall (12).
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
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| CN200910226276A CN102081976B (en) | 2009-11-27 | 2009-11-27 | High-capacity and fully passive containment cooling system |
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| CN200910226276A CN102081976B (en) | 2009-11-27 | 2009-11-27 | High-capacity and fully passive containment cooling system |
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| CN102081976A CN102081976A (en) | 2011-06-01 |
| CN102081976B true CN102081976B (en) | 2012-10-10 |
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Cited By (1)
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| WO2015103790A1 (en) * | 2014-01-13 | 2015-07-16 | 中科华核电技术研究院有限公司 | Nuclear power plant containment cooling system and spray flow control method therefor |
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Cited By (2)
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| WO2015103790A1 (en) * | 2014-01-13 | 2015-07-16 | 中科华核电技术研究院有限公司 | Nuclear power plant containment cooling system and spray flow control method therefor |
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| CN102081976A (en) | 2011-06-01 |
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Address after: No. 29 Hong Cao Road, Xuhui District, Shanghai Patentee after: SHANGHAI NUCLEAR ENGINEERING RESEARCH & DESIGN INSTITUTE Co.,Ltd. Address before: 200233, 29 Rainbow Road, Shanghai Patentee before: SHANGHAI NUCLEAR ENGINEERING RESEARCH & DESIGN INSTITUTE |
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Address after: No. 29 Hong Cao Road, Xuhui District, Shanghai Patentee after: Shanghai Nuclear Engineering Research and Design Institute Co.,Ltd. Country or region after: China Address before: No. 29 Hong Cao Road, Xuhui District, Shanghai Patentee before: SHANGHAI NUCLEAR ENGINEERING RESEARCH & DESIGN INSTITUTE Co.,Ltd. Country or region before: China |