KR101224024B1 - Passive containment cooling system using passive auxiliary feed-water system and irwst - Google Patents

Passive containment cooling system using passive auxiliary feed-water system and irwst Download PDF

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KR101224024B1
KR101224024B1 KR1020110091581A KR20110091581A KR101224024B1 KR 101224024 B1 KR101224024 B1 KR 101224024B1 KR 1020110091581 A KR1020110091581 A KR 1020110091581A KR 20110091581 A KR20110091581 A KR 20110091581A KR 101224024 B1 KR101224024 B1 KR 101224024B1
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passive
containment vessel
tank
steam
pipe
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KR1020110091581A
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Korean (ko)
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김문수
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한국수력원자력 주식회사
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    • G—PHYSICS
    • G21—NUCLEAR PHYSICS; NUCLEAR ENGINEERING
    • G21C—NUCLEAR REACTORS
    • G21C15/00—Cooling arrangements within the pressure vessel containing the core; Selection of specific coolants
    • G21C15/02—Arrangements or disposition of passages in which heat is transferred to the coolant; Coolant flow control devices
    • G21C15/12—Arrangements or disposition of passages in which heat is transferred to the coolant; Coolant flow control devices from pressure vessel; from containment vessel
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G21—NUCLEAR PHYSICS; NUCLEAR ENGINEERING
    • G21C—NUCLEAR REACTORS
    • G21C15/00—Cooling arrangements within the pressure vessel containing the core; Selection of specific coolants
    • G21C15/18—Emergency cooling arrangements; Removing shut-down heat
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02E—REDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
    • Y02E30/00—Energy generation of nuclear origin
    • Y02E30/30—Nuclear fission reactors

Abstract

PURPOSE: A passive containment cooling system using a passive auxiliary feed-water system and an IRWST are provided to improve the passive cooling efficiency of the pressure containment vessel. CONSTITUTION: A reload water tank tank(50) is connected to a passive auxiliary feedwater system. The passive auxiliary feedwater system includes a steam generator(10), a condensation bath(30), a vapor supplying pipe(11), and a condensed water recovery pipe(12). The pressure containment vessel and the vapor supplying pipe are connected to a condenser connection pipe(18). The reload water tank and the condensed water recovery pipe are connected to a condensed water extraction pipe(19). The condenser connection pipe and the condensed water extraction pipe include an opening/closing valve.

Description

피동보조 급수계통 및 재장전 수조탱크를 이용한 경수로의 피동 격납용기 냉각계통{Passive containment cooling system using passive auxiliary feed-water system and IRWST}Passive containment cooling system using passive auxiliary feed-water system and IRWST

본 발명은 경수로의 피동 격납용기 냉각계통에 관한 것으로서, 특히 일차측의 냉각수가 유출되는 사고 발생 시 격납용기 내 압력과 온도를 낮출 수 있도록 된 피동보조 급수계통 및 재장전 수조탱크를 이용한 경수로의 피동 격납용기 냉각계통에 관한 것이다. The present invention relates to a passive containment vessel cooling system in a light water reactor, and in particular, to provide a passive water supply system for reducing the pressure and temperature in the containment vessel in the event of an outflow of the coolant on the primary side. It relates to a containment vessel cooling system.

현재 가동중인 경수로는 일반적으로 원자로 사고 후 급수계통이 작동하지 않을 경우, 펌프를 이용하는 보조급수계통이 작동하여 원자로의 잔열을 증기발생기를 통해 제거하고 있다. 펌프를 사용하는 보조급수계통은 운전원의 실수, 전원상실, 펌프의 오작동 등에 의해 실패의 가능성이 있다. Currently, the light water reactors currently in operation are generally operated after the reactor accident, in which the water supply system does not operate, and a subwater supply system using a pump is activated to remove residual heat of the reactor through the steam generator. The auxiliary water supply system using the pump is likely to fail due to operator error, power loss, malfunction of the pump, and so on.

이러한 문제점을 해결하기 위해 원자로 사고 시 증기발생기의 이차측에서 발생하는 증기를 응축하여 원자로 잔열을 피동적으로 냉각함으로써, 원자력발전소의 안전성과 경제성을 높일 수 있는 피동형 이차 응축계통의 개념이 제안되고 있으나, 격납용기 내부의 온도와 압력을 제어하는 장치 기능을 갖추고 있지는 않다(특허문헌1 참조). In order to solve this problem, the concept of a passive secondary condensation system is proposed to increase the safety and economic efficiency of nuclear power plants by passively cooling the residual heat of the reactor by condensing steam generated in the secondary side of the steam generator during a reactor accident. It does not have the apparatus function which controls the temperature and pressure inside a containment container (refer patent document 1).

한편, 격납용기 냉각기술로서 과도상태나 냉각재 상실 사고 시 콘크리트 격납용기 내부의 압력 및 온도 상승을 열사이펀(thermosyphon)과 내부 증기압축기를 이용하여 피동 냉각이 이루어지게 하는 가압경수로의 콘크리트 격납용기용 피동 격납용기 냉각시스템이 알려져 있다(특허문헌2 참조). On the other hand, as the containment cooling technology, the pressure of the concrete containment vessel in the pressurized water path that allows passive cooling by using a thermosiphon and an internal steam compressor to increase the pressure and temperature inside the concrete containment vessel in the event of a transient state or loss of coolant. A storage container cooling system is known (see Patent Document 2).

특허문헌1 : 한국특허등록 10-1022164Patent Document 1: Korean Patent Registration 10-1022164

특허문헌2 : 한국특허등록 10-0238459Patent Document 2: Korean Patent Registration 10-0238459

이에 본 발명은 상기와 같은 문제점을 해결하기 위한 것으로서, 일차측의 냉각수가 유출되는 사고 발생 시 격납용기 내 압력과 온도를 낮춤으로써 격납용기의 건전성을 향상시키도록 된 피동보조 급수계통 및 재장전 수조탱크를 이용한 경수로의 피동 격납용기 냉각계통을 제공하는데 그 목적이 있다. Accordingly, the present invention is to solve the above problems, the passive auxiliary water supply system and the reloading water tank to improve the integrity of the containment vessel by lowering the pressure and temperature in the containment vessel in the event of accidental leakage of the coolant on the primary side It is an object of the present invention to provide a passive containment cooling system for a light water reactor using a tank.

상기와 같은 목적을 달성하기 위하여 본 발명에 따른 피동보조 급수계통 및 재장전 수조탱크를 이용한 경수로의 피동 격납용기 냉각계통은, 일차측의 냉각수가 유출되는 사고 발생 시 격납용기 내 압력과 온도를 낮추기 위한 계통으로서, 피동보조 급수계통과; 상기 피동보조 급수계통과 연결되는 재장전 수조탱크를 포함하여 이루어지되, 격납용기 내 고온 고압의 증기를 응축시켜 재장전 수조탱크로 방출하도록 되어 있고, 상기 피동보조 급수계통은, 원자로의 열에 의해 증기를 발생시키는 증기발생기와; 냉각수가 충진되며 냉각수 내에는 상기 증기발생기에서 발생되는 증기를 상부 모관에 공급받고, 하부 모관을 통해 응축수를 배출하는 직선구간의 일부 또는 전부가 경사지게 형성된 응축기 튜브를 포함하는 열교환기가 위치하고 있는 응축수조와; 상기 증기발생기에서 발생되는 증기를 상기 열교환기로 공급하기 위한 증기 공급배관과; 상기 열교환기의 응축수를 상기 증기발생기로 공급하기 위한 응축수 회수배관을 포함하여 이루어지고, 상기 격납용기와 상기 피동보조 급수계통의 증기 공급배관은 격납용기 내 압력과 온도 상승 시 개방되는 개폐밸브가 중간에 설치되어 있는 응축기 연결관으로 연결되어 있고, 상기 재장전 수조탱크와 상기 피동보조 급수계통의 응축수 회수배관은 격납용기 내 압력과 온도 상승 시 개방되는 개폐밸브가 중간에 설치되어 있는 응축수 추출관으로 연결되는 것을 특징으로한다. In order to achieve the above object, the passive containment vessel cooling system of the light water reactor using the passive auxiliary water supply system and the reloading tank tank according to the present invention reduces the pressure and temperature in the containment vessel in the event of an accident that the coolant on the primary side flows out. As a system for, Passive auxiliary water supply system; It comprises a reload tank tank connected to the passive auxiliary water supply system, condensing the high temperature and high pressure steam in the containment vessel to be discharged to the reload tank tank, the passive auxiliary water system is steam by the heat of the reactor Steam generator for generating a; A condensate tank in which a coolant is filled and a heat exchanger including a condenser tube in which the steam generated by the steam generator is supplied to the upper capillary and the straight section for discharging condensate through the lower capillary is inclined; A steam supply pipe for supplying steam generated in the steam generator to the heat exchanger; And a condensate recovery pipe for supplying the condensed water of the heat exchanger to the steam generator, wherein the containment vessel and the steam supply pipe of the passive auxiliary water supply system have an opening / closing valve which is opened when the pressure and the temperature in the containment vessel rise. It is connected to the condenser connecting pipe installed in the reload tank and the condensate recovery pipe of the driven auxiliary water supply system is a condensate extraction pipe is installed in the middle of the opening and closing valve that opens when the pressure and temperature rise in the containment vessel. It is characterized by being connected.

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본 발명에 따르면, 피동보조 급수계통의 수조와 열교환기를 이용함으로써 간단한 구조로 격납용기의 피동 냉각 효율을 향상시킬 수가 있고, 종래의 격납용기 내 압력 및 온도제어와는 무관한 계통인 피동보조 급수계통에 피동 격납용기 냉각기능을 추가함으로써 LOCA 사고와 같은 DBA 및 중대사고 진행 시 격납용기의 건전성 향상에 도움을 줄 수 있다. According to the present invention, the passive cooling water efficiency of the containment vessel can be improved by using a water tank and a heat exchanger of the passive auxiliary water supply system, and a passive auxiliary water supply system which is a system irrelevant to the pressure and temperature control in the conventional containment vessel. By adding passive containment cooling to the DBA, it is possible to help improve the integrity of the containment container during DBA and major accidents such as LOCA accidents.

도 1은 본 발명에 따른 피동보조 급수계통 및 재장전 수조탱크를 이용한 경수로의 피동 격납용기 냉각계통을 개략적으로 도시한 구성도. 1 is a schematic diagram illustrating a passive containment vessel cooling system of a light water reactor using a passive auxiliary water supply system and a reloading water tank according to the present invention;

이하, 본 발명의 바람직한 실시예를 첨부된 도면들을 참조하여 상세히 설명한다. Hereinafter, exemplary embodiments of the present invention will be described in detail with reference to the accompanying drawings.

본 발명에 따른 피동보조 급수계통 및 재장전 수조탱크를 이용한 경수로의 피동 격납용기 냉각계통은, 일차측의 냉각수가 유출되는 사고 발생 시 격납용기(미도시) 내 압력과 온도를 낮춤으로써 격납용기의 건전성을 향상시키도록, 크게 피동보조 급수계통(PAFS; Passive Auxiliary Feed-water System) 및 상기 피동보조 급수계통과 연결되는 재장전 수조탱크(50)를 포함하여 이루어지는데, 격납용기 내 고온 고압의 증기를 응축시켜 재장전 수조탱크(50)로 방출하도록 되어 있다. The passive containment vessel cooling system of the light water reactor using the passive auxiliary water supply system and the reloading tank tank according to the present invention is to reduce the pressure and temperature in the containment vessel (not shown) in the event of an accident that the coolant on the primary side flows out. In order to improve the soundness, it includes a passive auxiliary water system (PAFS) and a reload tank (50) that is connected to the passive auxiliary water system largely, the high temperature and high pressure steam in the containment vessel Condensate and discharge to the reload tank 50.

구체적으로, 상기 피동보조 급수계통은, 원자로의 열에 의해 증기를 발생시키는 증기발생기(10) 및 냉각수가 충진되며 냉각수 내에는 상기 증기발생기(10)에서 발생되는 증기를 상부 모관에 공급받고, 하부 모관을 통해 응축수를 배출하는 직선구간의 일부 또는 전부가 경사지게 형성된 격리 응축기 튜브(7)를 포함하는 열교환기(20)가 위치하고 있는 응축수조(30)를 구비한다. Specifically, the passive auxiliary water supply system is filled with the steam generator 10 and the cooling water to generate steam by the heat of the reactor, the cooling water is supplied to the upper mother pipe to the steam generated by the steam generator 10, the lower mother pipe It is provided with a condensate tank 30 in which a heat exchanger 20 including an isolated condenser tube 7 formed inclined part or all of the straight section for discharging condensate through.

그리고, 상기 피동보조 급수계통은, 상기 증기발생기(10)에서 발생되는 증기를 상기 열교환기(20)로 공급하기 위한 증기 공급배관(11) 및 상기 열교환기(20)의 응축수를 상기 증기발생기(10)로 공급하기 위한 응축수 회수배관(12)을 구비한다. The passive auxiliary water supply system includes a steam supply pipe 11 for supplying steam generated from the steam generator 10 to the heat exchanger 20, and condensed water from the heat exchanger 20. 10) a condensate return pipe 12 for supplying.

그리고, 상기 격납용기와 상기 피동보조 급수계통의 증기 공급배관(11)은 중간에 격납용기 내 압력과 온도 상승 시 개방되는 개폐밸브(V20)가 중간에 설치되어 있는 응축기 연결관(18)으로 연결된다. In addition, the containment vessel and the steam supply pipe 11 of the driven auxiliary water supply system are connected to a condenser connecting pipe 18 having an opening / closing valve V20 that is opened in the middle when the pressure and temperature rise inside the containment vessel. do.

그리고, 상기 재장전 수조탱크(50)와 상기 피동보조 급수계통의 응축수 회수배관(12)은 격납용기 내 압력과 온도 상승 시 개방되는 개폐밸브(V21)가 중간에 설치되어 있는 응축수 추출관(19)으로 연결된다. In addition, the reload water tank (50) and the condensate recovery pipe 12 of the driven auxiliary water supply system 12 is a condensate extraction pipe (19) having an opening and closing valve (V21) is opened in the middle when the pressure and temperature rise in the containment vessel. ).

본 실시예에서 격납용기와 재장전 수조탱크(50)가 응축기 연결관(18) 과 응축수 추출관(19)에 각각 연결되는 것으로 설명하였지만, 이에 한정되거나 제한되는 것은 아니며, 예를 들면 상기 열교환기(20)와 직접 연결되는 것도 가능함은 물론이다. In the present embodiment, the containment vessel and the reload tank tank 50 has been described as being connected to the condenser connecting pipe 18 and the condensate extraction pipe 19, respectively, but is not limited thereto or limited, for example, the heat exchanger Of course, it is also possible to connect directly with the (20).

이제, 본 발명에 따른 피동보조 급수계통 및 재장전 수조탱크를 이용한 경수로의 피동 격납용기 냉각계통의 작동을 설명하면 다음과 같다. 먼저, 원자로에서 냉각재 상실사고 등이 발생하면 많은 양의 증기가 흘러나와 격납용기 내부에 축적되고, 이 증기가 기존에 존재하는 공기와 혼합되어 격납용기 내부의 압력과 온도 상승을 유발한다. Now, the operation of the passive containment vessel cooling system of the light water reactor using the passive auxiliary water supply system and the reload tank tank according to the present invention will be described. First, when a coolant loss accident occurs in a nuclear reactor, a large amount of steam flows out and accumulates inside the containment vessel, and the steam is mixed with existing air to cause an increase in pressure and temperature inside the containment vessel.

이를 감지하여 신호가 발생하면, 상기 응축수 추출관(19)에 배치된 개폐밸브(V21)가 개방되어 상기 격리 응축기 튜브(7)에 축적된 응축수가 상기 응축수 추출관(19)을 통해 격납건물 내의 상기 재장전 수조탱크(50)로 방출된다. 이와 동시에 상기 격납용기 내부의 증기가 불응축성 기체와 함께 상기 응축기 연결관(18)을 통해 상기 격리 응축기 튜브(7) 내부로 유입되며, 유입된 혼합 기체는 고온 및 고압 상태로서 상기 응축수조(30)의 내부에 있는 저온의 물에 의해 상기 열교환기(20)에서 응축되어 상기 응축수 추출관(19)을 통해 상기 재장전 수조탱크(50)로 다시 방출됨으로써 상기 격납용기의 피동 냉각을 수행하게 되고, 이에 따라 격납용기 내 온도와 압력을 낮추게 된다. When the signal is generated and the signal is generated, the on / off valve V21 disposed in the condensate extraction pipe 19 is opened to store the condensate accumulated in the isolation condenser tube 7 through the condensate extraction pipe 19. It is discharged to the reload tank 50. At the same time, the vapor in the containment vessel flows into the isolation condenser tube 7 through the condenser connecting pipe 18 together with the non-condensable gas, and the mixed gas is introduced into the condensate tank 30 at a high temperature and high pressure. By condensing in the heat exchanger 20 by the low temperature water in the inside) is discharged back to the reload water tank (50) through the condensate extraction pipe 19 to perform the passive cooling of the containment vessel Therefore, the temperature and pressure in the containment vessel are lowered.

이와 같이, 본 발명에 따르면, 피동보조 급수계통의 수조와 열교환기(20)를 이용함으로써 간단한 구조로 격납용기의 피동 냉각 효율을 향상시킬 수가 있고, 종래의 격납용기 내 압력 및 온도제어와는 무관한 계통인 피동보조 급수계통에 피동 격납용기 냉각기능을 추가함으로써 LOCA 사고와 같은 DBA 및 중대사고 진행 시 격납용기의 건전성 향상에 도움을 줄 수 있다. As described above, according to the present invention, by using the water tank and the heat exchanger 20 of the driven auxiliary water supply system, the passive cooling efficiency of the storage container can be improved with a simple structure, and is independent of the pressure and temperature control in the conventional storage container. By adding the passive containment cooling function to the passive auxiliary water supply system, it can help improve the integrity of the containment container during DBA and major accidents such as LOCA accidents.

한편, 본 발명에 따른 피동보조 급수계통 및 재장전 수조탱크를 이용한 경수로의 피동 격납용기 냉각계통을 한정된 실시예에 따라 설명하였지만, 본 발명의 범위는 특정 실시예에 한정되는 것은 아니며, 본 발명과 관련하여 통상의 지식을 가진자에게 자명한 범위내에서 여러 가지의 대안, 수정 및 변경하여 실시할 수 있다. On the other hand, although the passive containment vessel cooling system of the light water reactor using the passive auxiliary water supply system and the reload tank tank according to the present invention has been described according to a limited embodiment, the scope of the present invention is not limited to a specific embodiment, and Various alternatives, modifications, and changes can be made to those skilled in the art in the context that is obvious to them.

따라서, 본 발명에 개시된 실시예 및 첨부된 도면들은 본 발명의 기술 사상을 한정하기 위한 것이 아니라 설명하기 위한 것이고, 이러한 실시예 및 첨부된 도면에 의하여 본 발명의 기술 사상의 범위가 한정되는 것은 아니다. 본 발명의 보호 범위는 아래의 청구범위에 의하여 해석되어야 하며, 그와 동등한 범위 내에 있는 모든 기술 사상은 본 발명의 권리범위에 포함되는 것으로 해석되어야 할 것이다.Accordingly, the embodiments disclosed in the present invention and the accompanying drawings are not intended to limit the technical spirit of the present invention but to describe the present invention, and the scope of the technical idea of the present invention is not limited by the embodiments and the accompanying drawings. . The protection scope of the present invention should be interpreted by the following claims, and all technical ideas within the equivalent scope should be interpreted as being included in the scope of the present invention.

7 : 격리 응축기 튜브 10 : 증기발생기
11 : 증기 공급배관 12 : 응축수 회수배관
18 : 응축기 연결관 19 : 응축수 추출관
20 : 열교환기 30 : 응축수조
V20,V21 : 개폐밸브7 isolating condenser tube 10 steam generator
11: steam supply pipe 12: condensate recovery pipe
18: condenser connector 19: condensate extraction pipe
20: heat exchanger 30: condensate tank
V20, V21: On-off valve

Claims (3)

삭제delete 삭제delete 일차측의 냉각수가 유출되는 사고 발생 시 격납용기 내 압력과 온도를 낮추기 위한 계통으로서,
피동보조 급수계통과;
상기 피동보조 급수계통과 연결되는 재장전 수조탱크(50)를 포함하여 이루어지되,
격납용기 내 고온 고압의 증기를 응축시켜 재장전 수조탱크(50)로 방출하도록 되어 있고,
상기 피동보조 급수계통은,
원자로의 열에 의해 증기를 발생시키는 증기발생기(10)와;
냉각수가 충진되며 냉각수 내에는 상기 증기발생기(10)에서 발생되는 증기를 상부 모관에 공급받고, 하부 모관을 통해 응축수를 배출하는 직선구간의 일부 또는 전부가 경사지게 형성된 격리 응축기 튜브(7)를 포함하는 열교환기(20)가 위치하고 있는 응축수조(30)와;
상기 증기발생기(10)에서 발생되는 증기를 상기 열교환기(20)로 공급하기 위한 증기 공급배관(11)과;
상기 열교환기(20)의 응축수를 상기 증기발생기(10)로 공급하기 위한 응축수 회수배관(12)을 포함하여 이루어지고,
상기 격납용기와 상기 피동보조 급수계통의 증기 공급배관(11)은 격납용기 내 압력과 온도 상승 시 개방되는 개폐밸브(V20)가 중간에 설치되어 있는 응축기 연결관(18)으로 연결되어 있고,
상기 재장전 수조탱크(50)와 상기 피동보조 급수계통의 응축수 회수배관(12)은 격납용기 내 압력과 온도 상승 시 개방되는 개폐밸브(V21)가 중간에 설치되어 있는 응축수 추출관(19)으로 연결되어 있는 것을 특징으로 하는 피동보조 급수계통 및 재장전 수조탱크를 이용한 경수로의 피동 격납용기 냉각계통. As a system to lower the pressure and temperature in the containment vessel in the event of an accident that the coolant on the primary side leaks,
Driven auxiliary water system;
Including the reload tank tank 50 is connected to the driven auxiliary water supply system,
Condensation of the high temperature and high pressure steam in the containment vessel to be discharged to the reload tank (50),
The driven auxiliary water supply system,
A steam generator 10 generating steam by heat of the reactor;
Cooling water is filled and the cooling water is provided with the steam generated from the steam generator 10 to the upper capillary, and includes an isolated condenser tube (7) formed inclined part or all of the straight section to discharge the condensate through the lower capillary A condensate tank 30 in which the heat exchanger 20 is located;
A steam supply pipe (11) for supplying steam generated in the steam generator (10) to the heat exchanger (20);
It comprises a condensate recovery pipe 12 for supplying the condensed water of the heat exchanger 20 to the steam generator 10,
The steam supply pipe 11 of the containment vessel and the passive auxiliary water supply system is connected to a condenser connection pipe 18 having an opening / closing valve V20 that is opened in the middle of the containment vessel when the pressure and temperature rise in the containment vessel.
The reloading water tank 50 and the condensate return pipe 12 of the driven auxiliary water supply system are condensate extraction pipes 19 having an opening / closing valve V21 which is opened when the pressure and temperature in the containment vessel rise. A passive containment vessel cooling system in a light water reactor using a passive auxiliary water system and a reloading tank.
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US9711246B2 (en) 2014-02-27 2017-07-18 Korea Atomic Energy Research Institute Passive containment air cooling device and system with isolated pressure boundary
KR20180079736A (en) * 2017-01-02 2018-07-11 한국수력원자력 주식회사 Nuclear reactor system for SMR having improved cooling reliability
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WO2022019555A1 (en) * 2020-07-23 2022-01-27 한국수력원자력 주식회사 System for utilizing unused heat-exchange water of passive auxiliary feedwater system, and reactor cooling control method utilizing unused heat-exchange water of passive auxiliary feedwater system
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