CN102080268A - Orderly arranged In2O3 nanofibers and application of same in preparation of ultra-fast response alcohol sensor - Google Patents
Orderly arranged In2O3 nanofibers and application of same in preparation of ultra-fast response alcohol sensor Download PDFInfo
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- CN102080268A CN102080268A CN 201010577103 CN201010577103A CN102080268A CN 102080268 A CN102080268 A CN 102080268A CN 201010577103 CN201010577103 CN 201010577103 CN 201010577103 A CN201010577103 A CN 201010577103A CN 102080268 A CN102080268 A CN 102080268A
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- nanofiber
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Abstract
The invention belongs to the technical field of preparation of one-dimensional metal oxide nano-materials and semiconductor gas sensors therefrom, in particular relates to orderly arranged In2O3 nanofibers and application of same in preparation of an ultra-fast response alcohol semiconductor sensor. The process for preparing the orderly arranged In2O3 nanofibers comprises the following steps of: preparing a precursor solution from soluble nitrate, high polymer materials and a solvent; preparing orderly arranged composite nanofibers with a magnetic-field-induced electrostatic spinning technology; and performing high-temperature sintering to remove an organic high polymer template and further obtain the orderly arranged In(NO3)3 nanofibers. The alcohol gas sensor prepared from the orderly arranged In(NO3)3 nanofibers and a planar alumina substrate structure has the advantages that: the response time of the alcohol gas sensor to alcohol gas at the working temperature of 275 DEG C is 0.4 s, and the recovery time is 3 s; and the reversibility and repeatability of the sensor are good and far superior to the traditional alcohol sensor made of nano-powder materials of the same type. In the invention, the advantages of simple process, low cost and high yield are achieved.
Description
Technical field
The invention belongs to the semiconductor gas sensor technical field, be specifically related to a kind of In of ordered arrangement
2O
3Nanofiber reaches in the application aspect super fast response alcohol semiconductor transducer.
Background technology
That at present commercially available alcohol semiconductor transducer adopts is traditional SnO
2, ZnO, Fe
2O
3, TiO
2, WO
3Nano particle is sensitive material since between the particle cluster effect so that the specific area of material diminish, so the long shortcoming of nanometer particle material sensor ubiquity response recovery time.
Micron and nanometer technology latest development provide the platform of new material, and a lot of notices all concentrate on the synthetic of one-dimentional structure nano material and use, as nanometer rods, and nano wire, nanotube, nanometer band.Particularly accurate one dimension (1D) metal oxide nanostructure in recent years has been found a lot of application, comparing many sensing characteristicses with those conventional metal oxide gas test material is to improve by a relatively large margin, because the high-specific surface area of one dimension semiconductor metal oxide nanostructure and special geometry make them become high sensitivity, high efficiency sensitive material.Electrostatic spinning technique is owing to its multifunctionality, and cost hangs down has become means and the method for exploring the potential application of various nanofibers.A large amount of this methods of metal oxide nano fiber utilization are synthesized, and are applied in the detection of all gases.At present only be that the gas-sensitive property that distributes the nanofiber network at random is inquired in the bibliographical information, the transmission of nanofiber electronics in application that this distribution is at random can be subjected to the impact of Nodes potential barrier, and nobody makes rational improvement to this deficiency at present.Some simple root metallic oxide nanometer lines gas sensors have report repeatly, because single nano-wire very easily fractures, so the long-time stability of sensor almost are far from being, and also only are as a conception of species device.Some nanofibers are considered to be more suitable for the application in high duplication and high yield sensor.
The metal oxide nano fiber of arranging is expected to overcome the problems referred to above in order.In recent years, there are some researchers to utilize the electrode shape of improved electrostatic spinning apparatus and reception pole plate to obtain the extraordinary nanofiber of ordered arrangement.But regrettably, the research majority of these orientated nano fibers just rests on and has synthesized the organic nanofibers material stage.Its application in the gas sensor field of metal oxide nano fiber never has relevant report in order.Among the present invention, utilize the electrospinning process of induced by magnetic field to prepare the metal oxide In of ordered arrangement
2O
3Nano-fiber material.Gas sensor with this material development has ultrafast response recovery characteristics to alcohol gas, has solved the long shortcoming of traditional commercially available alcohol sensor response recovery time, is expected to become very promising alcohol sensor.
Summary of the invention
The objective of the invention is to overcome the unordered shortcoming of conventional electrostatic spinning fibre, a kind of In of the ordered arrangement through induced by magnetic field electrostatic spinning technique preparation is provided
2O
3Nanofiber, and utilize the In of this ordered arrangement
2O
3That nanofiber is made is highly sensitive, invertibity and good reproducibility, response recovery time alcohol sensor rapidly.This preparation and gas sensor Application Areas at novel low-dimension nano material has crucial value and realistic meaning.
In of the present invention
2O
3Nanofiber, it is prepared by following method:
(1) with indium nitrate In (NO
3)
3Be dissolved in the solvent dimethylformamide of 10～20ml, magnetic agitation 10～30min at normal temperatures, forming concentration is the water white solution of 0.1～0.2g/ml;
(2) add macromolecular material polyvinylpyrrolidone (PVP) in the solution that makes to step (1), the mol ratio that makes polyvinylpyrrolidone and indium nitrate is 1: 1～3: 1, and stirring 10～15h forms water white In (NO
3)
3The precursor liquid colloidal sol of/PVP composite fibre;
(3) In (NO that step (2) is obtained
3)
3The precursor liquid colloidal sol of/PVP composite fibre is put into the spray fiber tube of electrospinning device, take copper wire as anode, take a pair of permanent magnet that be arranged in parallel previously at aluminum foil plate as the negative electrode collecting board, magnetic field intensity is 50～250mT, the permanent magnet plane is perpendicular to the direction of spray silk, composite fibre directly is sprayed onto on the permanent magnet, article two, the distance between the permanent magnet is 2～4cm, distance between spray fiber tube head and the collecting board is 15～20cm, the electrostatic spinning voltage that applies is 8～30kV, after the spinning through 36～48h, obtain In (NO at the negative electrode collecting board
3)
3/ PVP composite cellulosic membrane is removed the macromolecule template with composite cellulosic membrane at 500～700 ℃ of sintering 2～5h, namely obtains the In that diameter is the ordered arrangement of 80～90nm
2O
3Nanofiber.The In of foregoing ordered arrangement
2O
3Nanofiber can be used for preparing alcohol sensor, and manufacturing process is as follows:
(1) with the In of ordered arrangement
2O
3Nanofiber is dissolved in that to form concentration after the deionized water be the solution of 5～10g/ml, this solution is added drop-wise to the upper surface of the plane oxidation aluminium substrate with golden test electrode and ruthenium-oxide zone of heating; Wherein, golden test electrode is to adopt the method for printing screen preparation in the upper and lower surface of plane oxidation aluminium substrate, and the preparation of ruthenium-oxide zone of heating is at the lower surface of alumina substrate;
(2) the ready-made gas sensor of step (1) is welded on the stainless base, add behind the stainless steel cap 200 ℃ aging 12～24 hours, In
2O
3The thickness of layers of nanofibers is 0.5～2mm, namely prepares to use ordered arrangement In
2O
3The alcohol sensor of nanofiber.
Advantage of the present invention and good effect are: preparation method and preparation process are simple, and cost of manufacture is low, the output height.Utilize the In of ordered arrangement
2O
3The alcohol gas sensor that nanofiber and plane alumina substrate structure are made, response time to alcohol gas when operating temperature is 275 ℃ is 0.4s, be 3s recovery time, and the invertibity of sensor and good reproducibility are superior to nano-powder material alcohol sensor of the same race far away.
The mechanism of nanofiber ordered arrangement is done following understanding among the present invention: in traditional electrostatic spinning process, Polymer Solution forms the injection stream from spinning nozzle to collecting board under the effect of high voltage electric field, and this injection stream surface is with one deck polarization charge.And then injection stream becomes the spiral ring motion after moving a segment distance from the spinning nozzle ejaculation along straight path, because this " whip is moving " caused the random distribution of fiber.The two ends of the Lorentz force draw fibers of output owing to the introducing in magnetic field form moment of torsion, and fiber is formed the In of ordered arrangement by on the orderly gap that is overlapped on two bar magnets
2O
3Nanofiber.
The In of ordered arrangement
2O
3The sensor mechanism of nanofiber is: the nanofiber sensor sensing mechanism of ordered arrangement is determined by the geometry of nanofiber uniqueness.Explain with the surface charge model, oxygen molecule in the nanofiber absorbed air causes the nanofiber surface to form one deck space-charge region, these space-charge regions can be overlapping along the fiber axial direction, this overlapping influence that has reduced or eliminated intercrystalline contact berrier height in traditional nano-powder material, therefore form the transmission channel of a continuous carrier, make nano-fiber material have ultrafast response recovery characteristics.
Description of drawings
Fig. 1: induced by magnetic field electrostatic spinning apparatus schematic diagram;
Fig. 2: alumina substrate structural representation;
Fig. 3: the In (NO of ordered arrangement
3)
3/ PVP composite nano fiber stereoscan photograph;
Fig. 4: the In of ordered arrangement
2O
3The nanofiber stereoscan photograph;
Fig. 5: the sensor of the present invention preparation is the response recovery time curve of the alcohol gas of 500ppm to concentration when operating temperature is 275 ℃;
Fig. 6: the sensor of the present invention preparation is a response recovery time curve in five cycles of alcohol gas of 500ppm to concentration when operating temperature is 275 ℃;
Fig. 7: the sensor of the present invention preparation when operating temperature is 275 ℃ to the response recovery time curve of the alcohol gas of variable concentrations;
Fig. 8: the sensor of the present invention's preparation is to the sensitivity curve of the alcohol gas of variable concentrations.
As shown in Figure 1,1 is the spray fiber tube, and 2 is precursor liquid, and 3 is DC high-voltage power supply, and 4 is the aluminium foil plate, and 5 is the parallel permanent magnets collecting board.
As shown in Figure 2,21 is In
2O
3Layers of nanofibers, 22 is gold electrode, and 23 is alumina substrate, and 24 is the ruthenium-oxide zone of heating.
As shown in Figure 3, Figure 4, fiber surface is smooth, and diameter is even, is orderly arrangement.In (NO
3)
3The diameter of/PVP composite nano fiber is 200～300nm, removes In behind the macromolecule organic formwork through 600 ℃ of high temperature sinterings
2O
3The diameter of nanofiber is between 80～90nm.
Such as Fig. 5, Fig. 6, shown in Figure 7, the In of ordered arrangement
2O
3Nanofiber has fast response recovery time to alcohol gas, is that alcohol gas response time of 500ppm is 0.4s to concentration wherein, and be 3s recovery time.In five continuous reaction times, In
2O
3The nanofiber sensor has good invertibity and repeatability.In
2O
3The nanofiber sensor presents the trend that increases progressively to the sensitivity of alcohol gas along with the increase of response recovery time.
As shown in Figure 8, when alcohol gas concentration was 100～3000ppm, the sensitivity and the gas concentration of sensor were linear; When alcohol gas concentration reached 4000ppm, sensor began to be tending towards saturated to the sensitivity of alcohol.
The specific embodiment
Embodiment 1:
1, in the conical flask of 50ml, the indium nitrate of 1g is dissolved in the 10ml solvent dimethylformamide, seal bottleneck and at room temperature stir 20min and make its thorough dissolving with sealing film.The 2g polyvinylpyrrolidone is joined in the above-mentioned solution, continue to seal and at room temperature stir 10h and obtain the spinning precursor liquid.Precursor liquid is put into the spray fiber tube of electrospinning silk equipment, the copper cash that inserts high-pressure side is fed in the precursor liquid, and as negative electrode, the distance between the permanent magnet is 2.5cm with parallel permanent magnet, distance between spinning head and the permanent magnet is 15cm, and the voltage that applies is that 18kV carries out spinning.Behind the electrospinning 36h, with the In (NO that collects on the magnet
3)
3/ PVP composite nano fiber crucible 600 ℃ of high-temperature calcination the 3h in Muffle furnace that pack into, heating gradient is 2 ℃/min, gained both be ordered arrangement In
2O
3Nanofiber.
2, with the In of ordered arrangement
2O
3Nano-fiber material is added drop-wise on the plane oxidation aluminium substrate structure with deionized water.The preparation method of alumina substrate is being of a size of on the alumina substrate of 1 * 1.5mm.With gold paste two gold electrodes in substrate double-edged two ends serigraphy,, form four altogether and be of a size of 0.2 * 1mm gold electrode earlier at 800 ℃ of sintering 30min.Ruthenium-oxide slurry on the back up of substrate, at 600 ℃ of following sintering 30min, forming thickness is 300 μ m ruthenium oxide resistance zones of heating.
3, will scribble In
2O
3The plane oxidation aluminium substrate of nano-fiber material is welded on the stainless base, add behind the stainless steel cap 200 ℃ aging 12 hours, make and use ordered arrangement In
2O
3The nanofiber alcohol sensor, In
2O
3The thickness of nanofiber is 1.5mm.
Claims (3)
1. the In of an ordered arrangement
2O
3Nanofiber, it is prepared by following method:
(1) with indium nitrate In (NO
3)
3Be dissolved in the solvent dimethylformamide of 10～20ml, magnetic agitation 10～30min at normal temperatures, forming concentration is the water white solution of 0.1～0.2g/ml;
(2) add macromolecular material polyvinylpyrrolidone PVP in the solution that makes to step (1), the mol ratio that makes polyvinylpyrrolidone and indium nitrate is 1: 1～3: 1, and stirring 10～15h forms water white In (NO
3)
3The precursor liquid colloidal sol of/PVP composite fibre;
(3) In (NO that step (2) is obtained
3)
3The precursor liquid colloidal sol of/PVP composite fibre is put into the spray fiber tube of electrospinning device, take copper wire as anode, take a pair of permanent magnet that be arranged in parallel previously at aluminum foil plate as the negative electrode collecting board, magnetic field intensity is 50～250mT, the permanent magnet plane is perpendicular to the direction of spray silk, composite fibre directly is sprayed onto on the permanent magnet, article two, the distance between the permanent magnet is 2～4cm, distance between spray fiber tube head and the collecting board is 15～20cm, the electrostatic spinning voltage that applies is 8～30kV, after the spinning through 36～48h, obtain In (NO at the negative electrode collecting board
3)
3/ PVP composite cellulosic membrane is removed the macromolecule template with this composite cellulosic membrane at 500～700 ℃ of sintering 2～5h again, namely obtains the In that diameter is the ordered arrangement of 80～90nm
2O
3Nanofiber.
2. the In of the described ordered arrangement of claim 1
2O
3Nanofiber is in the application aspect alcohol sensor.
3. the In of ordered arrangement as claimed in claim 1
2O
3Nanofiber is characterized in that in the application aspect alcohol sensor:
(1) earlier with the In of ordered arrangement
2O
3Nanofiber is dissolved in that to form concentration after the deionized water be the solution of 5～10g/ml, this solution is added drop-wise to the upper surface of the plane oxidation aluminium substrate with golden test electrode and ruthenium-oxide zone of heating again; Wherein, golden test electrode is to adopt the method for printing screen preparation on the upper and lower surface of plane oxidation aluminium substrate, and the preparation of ruthenium-oxide zone of heating is at the lower surface of alumina substrate;
(2) the ready-made gas sensor of step (1) is welded on the stainless base, add behind the stainless steel cap 200 ℃ aging 12～24 hours, In
2O
3The thickness of layers of nanofibers is 0.5～2mm, namely prepares to use ordered arrangement In
2O
3The alcohol sensor of nanofiber.
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| CN 201010577103 CN102080268A (en) | 2010-12-07 | 2010-12-07 | Orderly arranged In2O3 nanofibers and application of same in preparation of ultra-fast response alcohol sensor |
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| CN 201010577103 CN102080268A (en) | 2010-12-07 | 2010-12-07 | Orderly arranged In2O3 nanofibers and application of same in preparation of ultra-fast response alcohol sensor |
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| CN102515257A (en) * | 2012-01-16 | 2012-06-27 | 济南大学 | Preparation method for nano-In2O3 gas-sensing material of hollow fiber structure |
| CN102645454A (en) * | 2012-03-30 | 2012-08-22 | 长春理工大学 | Planar-type acetylene gas sensor with nanofiber sensitive layer |
| CN102650083A (en) * | 2012-05-29 | 2012-08-29 | 上海大学 | Preparation method of high length-diameter-ratio Cadmium Indium 204 (CdIn204) nano fiber material |
| CN103115946A (en) * | 2013-03-05 | 2013-05-22 | 济南大学 | Preparation method and application of n-p junction type ferrum-copper based oxide gas sensitive element |
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| CN103451774A (en) * | 2013-09-12 | 2013-12-18 | 上海大学 | Method for preparing CaIn2O4 nanorod by utilizing electrostatic spinning process |
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| CN104502417A (en) * | 2015-01-10 | 2015-04-08 | 吉林大学 | La2O3-WO3 oxide semiconductor acetone gas sensor and preparation method thereof |
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Application publication date: 20110601 |