CN102079241A - 具有两台电动机/发电机的强劲双模式混合动力系 - Google Patents
具有两台电动机/发电机的强劲双模式混合动力系 Download PDFInfo
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F16—ENGINEERING ELEMENTS AND UNITS; GENERAL MEASURES FOR PRODUCING AND MAINTAINING EFFECTIVE FUNCTIONING OF MACHINES OR INSTALLATIONS; THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
- F16H—GEARING
- F16H3/00—Toothed gearings for conveying rotary motion with variable gear ratio or for reversing rotary motion
- F16H3/44—Toothed gearings for conveying rotary motion with variable gear ratio or for reversing rotary motion using gears having orbital motion
- F16H3/72—Toothed gearings for conveying rotary motion with variable gear ratio or for reversing rotary motion using gears having orbital motion with a secondary drive, e.g. regulating motor, in order to vary speed continuously
- F16H3/727—Toothed gearings for conveying rotary motion with variable gear ratio or for reversing rotary motion using gears having orbital motion with a secondary drive, e.g. regulating motor, in order to vary speed continuously with at least two dynamo electric machines for creating an electric power path inside the gearing, e.g. using generator and motor for a variable power torque path
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
- B60K—ARRANGEMENT OR MOUNTING OF PROPULSION UNITS OR OF TRANSMISSIONS IN VEHICLES; ARRANGEMENT OR MOUNTING OF PLURAL DIVERSE PRIME-MOVERS IN VEHICLES; AUXILIARY DRIVES FOR VEHICLES; INSTRUMENTATION OR DASHBOARDS FOR VEHICLES; ARRANGEMENTS IN CONNECTION WITH COOLING, AIR INTAKE, GAS EXHAUST OR FUEL SUPPLY OF PROPULSION UNITS IN VEHICLES
- B60K6/00—Arrangement or mounting of plural diverse prime-movers for mutual or common propulsion, e.g. hybrid propulsion systems comprising electric motors and internal combustion engines ; Control systems therefor, i.e. systems controlling two or more prime movers, or controlling one of these prime movers and any of the transmission, drive or drive units Informative references: mechanical gearings with secondary electric drive F16H3/72; arrangements for handling mechanical energy structurally associated with the dynamo-electric machine H02K7/00; machines comprising structurally interrelated motor and generator parts H02K51/00; dynamo-electric machines not otherwise provided for in H02K see H02K99/00
- B60K6/20—Arrangement or mounting of plural diverse prime-movers for mutual or common propulsion, e.g. hybrid propulsion systems comprising electric motors and internal combustion engines ; Control systems therefor, i.e. systems controlling two or more prime movers, or controlling one of these prime movers and any of the transmission, drive or drive units Informative references: mechanical gearings with secondary electric drive F16H3/72; arrangements for handling mechanical energy structurally associated with the dynamo-electric machine H02K7/00; machines comprising structurally interrelated motor and generator parts H02K51/00; dynamo-electric machines not otherwise provided for in H02K see H02K99/00 the prime-movers consisting of electric motors and internal combustion engines, e.g. HEVs
- B60K6/22—Arrangement or mounting of plural diverse prime-movers for mutual or common propulsion, e.g. hybrid propulsion systems comprising electric motors and internal combustion engines ; Control systems therefor, i.e. systems controlling two or more prime movers, or controlling one of these prime movers and any of the transmission, drive or drive units Informative references: mechanical gearings with secondary electric drive F16H3/72; arrangements for handling mechanical energy structurally associated with the dynamo-electric machine H02K7/00; machines comprising structurally interrelated motor and generator parts H02K51/00; dynamo-electric machines not otherwise provided for in H02K see H02K99/00 the prime-movers consisting of electric motors and internal combustion engines, e.g. HEVs characterised by apparatus, components or means specially adapted for HEVs
- B60K6/36—Arrangement or mounting of plural diverse prime-movers for mutual or common propulsion, e.g. hybrid propulsion systems comprising electric motors and internal combustion engines ; Control systems therefor, i.e. systems controlling two or more prime movers, or controlling one of these prime movers and any of the transmission, drive or drive units Informative references: mechanical gearings with secondary electric drive F16H3/72; arrangements for handling mechanical energy structurally associated with the dynamo-electric machine H02K7/00; machines comprising structurally interrelated motor and generator parts H02K51/00; dynamo-electric machines not otherwise provided for in H02K see H02K99/00 the prime-movers consisting of electric motors and internal combustion engines, e.g. HEVs characterised by apparatus, components or means specially adapted for HEVs characterised by the transmission gearings
- B60K6/365—Arrangement or mounting of plural diverse prime-movers for mutual or common propulsion, e.g. hybrid propulsion systems comprising electric motors and internal combustion engines ; Control systems therefor, i.e. systems controlling two or more prime movers, or controlling one of these prime movers and any of the transmission, drive or drive units Informative references: mechanical gearings with secondary electric drive F16H3/72; arrangements for handling mechanical energy structurally associated with the dynamo-electric machine H02K7/00; machines comprising structurally interrelated motor and generator parts H02K51/00; dynamo-electric machines not otherwise provided for in H02K see H02K99/00 the prime-movers consisting of electric motors and internal combustion engines, e.g. HEVs characterised by apparatus, components or means specially adapted for HEVs characterised by the transmission gearings with the gears having orbital motion
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- B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
- B60K—ARRANGEMENT OR MOUNTING OF PROPULSION UNITS OR OF TRANSMISSIONS IN VEHICLES; ARRANGEMENT OR MOUNTING OF PLURAL DIVERSE PRIME-MOVERS IN VEHICLES; AUXILIARY DRIVES FOR VEHICLES; INSTRUMENTATION OR DASHBOARDS FOR VEHICLES; ARRANGEMENTS IN CONNECTION WITH COOLING, AIR INTAKE, GAS EXHAUST OR FUEL SUPPLY OF PROPULSION UNITS IN VEHICLES
- B60K6/00—Arrangement or mounting of plural diverse prime-movers for mutual or common propulsion, e.g. hybrid propulsion systems comprising electric motors and internal combustion engines ; Control systems therefor, i.e. systems controlling two or more prime movers, or controlling one of these prime movers and any of the transmission, drive or drive units Informative references: mechanical gearings with secondary electric drive F16H3/72; arrangements for handling mechanical energy structurally associated with the dynamo-electric machine H02K7/00; machines comprising structurally interrelated motor and generator parts H02K51/00; dynamo-electric machines not otherwise provided for in H02K see H02K99/00
- B60K6/20—Arrangement or mounting of plural diverse prime-movers for mutual or common propulsion, e.g. hybrid propulsion systems comprising electric motors and internal combustion engines ; Control systems therefor, i.e. systems controlling two or more prime movers, or controlling one of these prime movers and any of the transmission, drive or drive units Informative references: mechanical gearings with secondary electric drive F16H3/72; arrangements for handling mechanical energy structurally associated with the dynamo-electric machine H02K7/00; machines comprising structurally interrelated motor and generator parts H02K51/00; dynamo-electric machines not otherwise provided for in H02K see H02K99/00 the prime-movers consisting of electric motors and internal combustion engines, e.g. HEVs
- B60K6/42—Arrangement or mounting of plural diverse prime-movers for mutual or common propulsion, e.g. hybrid propulsion systems comprising electric motors and internal combustion engines ; Control systems therefor, i.e. systems controlling two or more prime movers, or controlling one of these prime movers and any of the transmission, drive or drive units Informative references: mechanical gearings with secondary electric drive F16H3/72; arrangements for handling mechanical energy structurally associated with the dynamo-electric machine H02K7/00; machines comprising structurally interrelated motor and generator parts H02K51/00; dynamo-electric machines not otherwise provided for in H02K see H02K99/00 the prime-movers consisting of electric motors and internal combustion engines, e.g. HEVs characterised by the architecture of the hybrid electric vehicle
- B60K6/44—Series-parallel type
- B60K6/445—Differential gearing distribution type
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
- B60L—PROPULSION OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; SUPPLYING ELECTRIC POWER FOR AUXILIARY EQUIPMENT OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; ELECTRODYNAMIC BRAKE SYSTEMS FOR VEHICLES IN GENERAL; MAGNETIC SUSPENSION OR LEVITATION FOR VEHICLES; MONITORING OPERATING VARIABLES OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; ELECTRIC SAFETY DEVICES FOR ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES
- B60L15/00—Methods, circuits, or devices for controlling the traction-motor speed of electrically-propelled vehicles
- B60L15/20—Methods, circuits, or devices for controlling the traction-motor speed of electrically-propelled vehicles for control of the vehicle or its driving motor to achieve a desired performance, e.g. speed, torque, programmed variation of speed
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
- B60L—PROPULSION OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; SUPPLYING ELECTRIC POWER FOR AUXILIARY EQUIPMENT OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; ELECTRODYNAMIC BRAKE SYSTEMS FOR VEHICLES IN GENERAL; MAGNETIC SUSPENSION OR LEVITATION FOR VEHICLES; MONITORING OPERATING VARIABLES OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; ELECTRIC SAFETY DEVICES FOR ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES
- B60L50/00—Electric propulsion with power supplied within the vehicle
- B60L50/10—Electric propulsion with power supplied within the vehicle using propulsion power supplied by engine-driven generators, e.g. generators driven by combustion engines
- B60L50/16—Electric propulsion with power supplied within the vehicle using propulsion power supplied by engine-driven generators, e.g. generators driven by combustion engines with provision for separate direct mechanical propulsion
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
- B60L—PROPULSION OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; SUPPLYING ELECTRIC POWER FOR AUXILIARY EQUIPMENT OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; ELECTRODYNAMIC BRAKE SYSTEMS FOR VEHICLES IN GENERAL; MAGNETIC SUSPENSION OR LEVITATION FOR VEHICLES; MONITORING OPERATING VARIABLES OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; ELECTRIC SAFETY DEVICES FOR ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES
- B60L50/00—Electric propulsion with power supplied within the vehicle
- B60L50/50—Electric propulsion with power supplied within the vehicle using propulsion power supplied by batteries or fuel cells
- B60L50/60—Electric propulsion with power supplied within the vehicle using propulsion power supplied by batteries or fuel cells using power supplied by batteries
- B60L50/61—Electric propulsion with power supplied within the vehicle using propulsion power supplied by batteries or fuel cells using power supplied by batteries by batteries charged by engine-driven generators, e.g. series hybrid electric vehicles
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
- B60L—PROPULSION OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; SUPPLYING ELECTRIC POWER FOR AUXILIARY EQUIPMENT OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; ELECTRODYNAMIC BRAKE SYSTEMS FOR VEHICLES IN GENERAL; MAGNETIC SUSPENSION OR LEVITATION FOR VEHICLES; MONITORING OPERATING VARIABLES OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; ELECTRIC SAFETY DEVICES FOR ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES
- B60L2240/00—Control parameters of input or output; Target parameters
- B60L2240/40—Drive Train control parameters
- B60L2240/42—Drive Train control parameters related to electric machines
- B60L2240/423—Torque
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
- B60L—PROPULSION OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; SUPPLYING ELECTRIC POWER FOR AUXILIARY EQUIPMENT OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; ELECTRODYNAMIC BRAKE SYSTEMS FOR VEHICLES IN GENERAL; MAGNETIC SUSPENSION OR LEVITATION FOR VEHICLES; MONITORING OPERATING VARIABLES OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; ELECTRIC SAFETY DEVICES FOR ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES
- B60L2240/00—Control parameters of input or output; Target parameters
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F16—ENGINEERING ELEMENTS AND UNITS; GENERAL MEASURES FOR PRODUCING AND MAINTAINING EFFECTIVE FUNCTIONING OF MACHINES OR INSTALLATIONS; THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
- F16H—GEARING
- F16H37/00—Combinations of mechanical gearings, not provided for in groups F16H1/00 - F16H35/00
- F16H37/02—Combinations of mechanical gearings, not provided for in groups F16H1/00 - F16H35/00 comprising essentially only toothed or friction gearings
- F16H37/06—Combinations of mechanical gearings, not provided for in groups F16H1/00 - F16H35/00 comprising essentially only toothed or friction gearings with a plurality of driving or driven shafts; with arrangements for dividing torque between two or more intermediate shafts
- F16H37/08—Combinations of mechanical gearings, not provided for in groups F16H1/00 - F16H35/00 comprising essentially only toothed or friction gearings with a plurality of driving or driven shafts; with arrangements for dividing torque between two or more intermediate shafts with differential gearing
- F16H37/10—Combinations of mechanical gearings, not provided for in groups F16H1/00 - F16H35/00 comprising essentially only toothed or friction gearings with a plurality of driving or driven shafts; with arrangements for dividing torque between two or more intermediate shafts with differential gearing at both ends of intermediate shafts
- F16H2037/102—Combinations of mechanical gearings, not provided for in groups F16H1/00 - F16H35/00 comprising essentially only toothed or friction gearings with a plurality of driving or driven shafts; with arrangements for dividing torque between two or more intermediate shafts with differential gearing at both ends of intermediate shafts the input or output shaft of the transmission is connected or connectable to two or more differentials
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
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Abstract
本发明涉及具有两台电动机/发电机的强劲双模式混合动力系。一种可与多个动力源连接以用于发动和推进车辆的混合机电变速器包括输出构件和固定构件。变速器还包括:第一和第二行星齿轮组,并且第一行星齿轮组的两个构件以可操作的方式连接至第二行星齿轮组的两个构件;以及扭矩传递装置。动力源包括发动机、第一电动机/发电机和第二电动机/发电机。发动机和第二电动机/发电机分别以可操作的方式连接至第一行星齿轮组,而第一电动机/发电机和输出构件分别以可操作的方式连接至第二行星齿轮组。此外,扭矩传递装置可接合以将发动机固接至固定构件,使得变速器提供用于发动和推进车辆的第一和第二驱动模式。
Description
技术领域
本发明涉及一种具有两台电动机/发电机的机电混合动力系。
背景技术
为了生产更有效率的车辆,普通的混合动力车辆动力系结合了电动机和常规的发动机。来自发动机和电动机的扭矩通常经由变速器被引导至车辆的从动轮。混合动力车辆动力系的效率通常与发动机必须与电动机一起运行还是代替电动机运转以向车辆提供动力的何种类型的驱动条件持续期间和所占时间百分比相关。
有些混合动力系采用与发动机结合的单个电动机。在这样的动力系中,变速器输出以及因此的车辆速度直接与发动机和电动机的速度和扭矩相关。其他混合动力系采用与发动机结合的两台电动机,以向车辆提供动力。
利用发动机和两台电动机的混合动力系可将发动机和电动机连接至变速器,使得可与车辆速度和预期的加速度无关地选择发动机的扭矩和速度。发动机这样的控制通常通过改变来自两台电动机的各自的扭矩贡献实现。因此,利用发动机与两台电动机结合的混合动力系可提供来自发动机和两台电动机中的每一个的合适的扭矩贡献,并提供改善的总车辆效率。
发明内容
提供一种可与多个动力源连接以用于发动和推进车辆的混合机电变速器,并且该混合机电变速器包括输出构件和固定构件。变速器还包括第一行星齿轮组和第二行星齿轮组。第一和第二行星齿轮组中的每一个均包括第一、第二、和第三构件,并且第一行星齿轮组的两个构件以可操作的方式连接至第二行星齿轮组的两个构件。变速器另外包括扭矩传递装置。动力源包括第一电动机/发电机、第二电动机/发电机和发动机。发动机和第二电动机/发电机各自以可操作的方式与第一行星齿轮组连接,而第一电动机/发电机和输出构件各自以可操作的方式与第二行星齿轮组连接。另外,扭矩传递装置可接合以将发动机固接至固定构件,使得变速器提供用于发动和推进车辆的第一和第二驱动模式。
发动机可以可操作的方式连接至第一行星齿轮组的第三构件,第一电动机/发电机可以可操作的方式连接至第二行星齿轮组的第二构件,而第二电动机/发电机可以可操作的方式连接至第一行星齿轮组的第二构件。第一行星齿轮组的第一构件可以可操作的方式连接至第二行星齿轮组的第三构件,而第一行星齿轮组的第三构件可以可操作的方式连接至第二行星齿轮组的第一构件。然后,输出构件可以可操作的方式连接至第二行星齿轮组的第三构件。
如所公开的,使扭矩传递装置接合将发动机固接至固定构件,以提供发动机停止时的第一驱动模式,而使扭矩传递装置分离提供发动机运转时的第二驱动模式。如此构造的变速器能够提供分别能够沿前进方向或后退方向发动和推进车辆的两种驱动模式。
扭矩传递装置可具有沿两个方向传递扭矩的能力,并构造成可有选择地接合的离合器或制动器。变速器中发动机和电动机/发电机与第一和第二行星齿轮组的相应的操作连接可便于发动机的速度和扭矩与电动机/发电机的速度和扭矩的受控选择,以发动和推进车辆。还提供了一种采用前述构造的混合电动车辆。
本发明提供以下技术方案。
方案1.一种可与多个动力源连接以用于发动和推进车辆的混合机电变速器,包括:
输出构件;
固定构件;
第一行星齿轮组和第二行星齿轮组,其中,各自第一和第二行星齿轮组中的每一个均包括第一、第二、和第三构件,并且其中,所述第一行星齿轮组的两个构件以可操作的方式连接至所述第二行星齿轮组的两个构件;以及
扭矩传递装置;
所述动力源包括:
第一电动机/发电机;
第二电动机/发电机;以及
发动机;
其中:
所述发动机和所述第二电动机/发电机各自以可操作的方式连接至所述第一行星齿轮组,而所述第一电动机/发电机和所述输出构件各自以可操作的方式连接至所述第二行星齿轮组,并且所述扭矩传递装置可接合以将所述发动机固接至所述固定构件,使得所述变速器提供用于发动和推进所述车辆的第一驱动模式和第二驱动模式。
方案2.根据方案1所述的变速器,其中:
所述发动机以可操作的方式连接至所述第一行星齿轮组的所述第三构件;
所述第一电动机/发电机以可操作的方式连接至所述第二行星齿轮组的所述第二构件;
所述第二电动机/发电机以可操作的方式连接至所述第一行星齿轮组的所述第二构件;
所述第一行星齿轮组的所述第一构件以可操作的方式连接至所述第二行星齿轮组的所述第三构件;
所述第一行星齿轮组的所述第三构件以可操作的方式连接至所述第二行星齿轮组的所述第一构件;以及
所述输出构件以可操作的方式连接至所述第二行星齿轮组的所述第三构件。
方案3.根据方案1所述的变速器,其中,使所述扭矩传递装置接合将所述发动机固接至所述固定构件,以提供伴随发动机停止的所述第一驱动模式,而使所述扭矩传递装置分离提供伴随发动机运转的所述第二驱动模式。
方案4.根据方案1所述的变速器,其中,所述扭矩传递装置是能够沿两个方向传递扭矩的可有选择地接合的离合器和可有选择地接合的制动器之一。
方案5.根据方案1所述的变速器,其中,所述动力源和所述电动机/发电机与第一和第二行星齿轮组的相应操作连接便于所述发动机的速度和扭矩与所述电动机/发电机的速度和扭矩的受控选择,以发动和推进所述车辆。
方案6.一种用于发动和推进车辆的混合动力系,包括:
发动机;
第一电动机/发电机和第二电动机/发电机;
电动可变变速器,具有:
输出构件;
固定构件;
第一行星齿轮组和第二行星齿轮组,其中,各自第一和第二行星齿轮组中的每一个均具有第一、第二、和第三构件,并且,所述第一行星齿轮组的两个构件以可操作的方式连接至所述第二行星齿轮组的两个构件;以及
扭矩传递装置;
其中:
所述发动机和所述第二电动机/发电机各自以可操作的方式连接至所述第一行星齿轮组,所述第一电动机/发电机和所述输出构件各自以可操作的方式连接至所述第二行星齿轮组,并且所述扭矩传递装置可接合以将所述发动机固接至所述固定构件,使得所述变速器提供用于发动和推进所述车辆的第一驱动模式和第二驱动模式。
方案7.根据方案6所述的动力系,其中:
所述发动机以可操作的方式连接至所述第一行星齿轮组的所述第三构件;
所述第一电动机/发电机以可操作的方式连接至所述第二行星齿轮组的所述第二构件;
所述第二电动机/发电机以可操作的方式连接至所述第一行星齿轮组的所述第二构件;
所述第一行星齿轮组的所述第一构件以可操作的方式连接至所述第二行星齿轮组的所述第三构件;
所述第一行星齿轮组的所述第三构件以可操作的方式连接至所述第二行星齿轮组的所述第一构件;以及
所述输出构件以可操作的方式连接至所述第二行星齿轮组的所述第三构件。
方案8.根据方案6所述的动力系,其中,使所述扭矩传递装置接合将所述发动机固接至所述固定构件以提供伴随发动机停止的所述第一驱动模式,而使所述扭矩传递装置分离提供伴随发动机运转的所述第二驱动模式。
方案9.根据方案6所述的动力系,其中,所述扭矩传递装置是能够沿两个方向传递扭矩的可有选择地接合的离合器和可有选择地接合的制动器之一。
方案10.根据方案6所述的动力系,其中,所述动力源和所述电动机/发电机与第一和第二行星齿轮组的相应操作连接便于所述发动机的速度和扭矩与所述电动机/发电机的速度和扭矩的受控选择,以发动和推进所述车辆。
方案11.一种混合电动车辆,包括:
发动机;
第一电动机/发电机和第二电动机/发电机;
电动可变变速器,具有:
输出构件;
固定构件;
第一行星齿轮组和第二行星齿轮组,其中,各自第一和第二行星齿轮组中的每一个均具有第一、第二、和第三构件,并且,所述第一行星齿轮组的两个构件以可操作的方式连接至所述第二行星齿轮组的两个构件;以及
扭矩传递装置;
其中:
所述发动机和所述第二电动机/发电机各自以可操作的方式连接至所述第一行星齿轮组,所述第一电动机/发电机和所述输出构件各自以可操作的方式连接至所述第二行星齿轮组,并且所述扭矩传递装置可接合以将所述发动机固接至所述固定构件,使得所述变速器提供用于发动和推进所述车辆的第一驱动模式和第二驱动模式。
方案12.根据方案11所述的车辆,其中:
所述发动机以可操作的方式连接至所述第一行星齿轮组的所述第三构件;
所述第一电动机/发电机以可操作的方式连接至所述第二行星齿轮组的所述第二构件;
所述第二电动机/发电机以可操作的方式连接至所述第一行星齿轮组的所述第二构件;
所述第一行星齿轮组的所述第一构件以可操作的方式连接至所述第二行星齿轮组的所述第三构件;
所述第一行星齿轮组的所述第三构件以可操作的方式连接至所述第二行星齿轮组的所述第一构件;以及
所述输出构件以可操作的方式连接至所述第二行星齿轮组的所述第三构件。
方案13.根据方案11所述的车辆,其中,使所述扭矩传递装置接合将所述发动机固接至所述固定构件,以提供伴随发动机停止的所述第一驱动模式,而使所述扭矩传递装置分离提供伴随发动机运转的所述第二驱动模式。
方案14.根据方案11所述的车辆,其中,所述扭矩传递装置是能够沿两个方向传递扭矩的可有选择地接合的离合器和可有选择地接合的制动器中的一个。
方案15.根据方案11所述的车辆,其中,所述动力源和所述电动机/发电机与第一和第二行星齿轮组的相应操作连接便于所述发动机的速度和扭矩与所述电动机/发电机的速度和扭矩的受控选择,以发动和推进所述车辆。
当结合附图考虑时,本发明以上的特征和优点、及其他的特征和优点将通过以下用于实施本发明的最佳模式的详细描述而清楚地显现。
附图说明
图1是在混合动力系中采用的电动可变变速器的示意性杠杆图。
图2是与图1的杠杆图对应的动力系的示意性符号图。
具体实施方式
参考其中相同的附图标记指的是相同的部件的附图,图1图解了混合动力系10。混合动力系10包括多个动力源,所述多个动力源包括都连接至大体上由附图标记18标识的“电动可变变速器”(EVT)的内燃机12、第一电动机/发电机14、和第二电动机/发电机16。如本领域的技术人员所知的,“电动可变变速器”构成以可操作的方式与发动机12、第一电动机/发电机14和第二电动机/发电机16中的每一个连接的变速器行星齿轮系。将发动机12和两台电动机/发电机14和16的各自扭矩引导至行星齿轮系的不同构件允许动力源中的一个辅助或平衡另外两个中的任何一个的操作。因此,以可操作的方式连接至EVT18的一个发动机12和两台电动机/发电机14和16的组合允许独立地控制和选择发动机和电动机/发电机的速度和扭矩,以便更有效率地向对象车辆提供动力。此外,与其他系统相比较,以下将更详细地描述的混合动力系10的连接在提供可接受的车辆性能的同时,可允许来自第一和第二电动机/发电机14和16的组合的总的扭矩需求的减小。
EVT18包括在图1中以杠杆图形式表示的两个行星齿轮组。杠杆图是例如自动变速器的机械装置的部件的示意性表示。各单独的杠杆表示行星齿轮组或外部齿轮组。在行星齿轮组杠杆中,行星齿轮组三个基本的机械部件分别由节点表示。因此,单个行星齿轮组杠杆包含三个节点:一个用于太阳齿轮构件、一个用于行星齿轮架构件、而一个用于齿圈构件。各行星齿轮组杠杆的节点之间的相对长度可用于表示各相应的齿轮组的齿圈与太阳轮的比率。这个杠杆比率继而用于改变变速器的传动比,以便获得合适的比率和比率级进。各种行星齿轮组的节点之间的机械联接或互连由细的水平线图解,而诸如离合器和制动器的扭矩传递装置表示为交错的指状物。如果该装置为制动器,则指状物中的一组是固接的。可在作者为Benford,Howard和Leising, Maurice的名称为“The Lever Analogy:A New Tool in Transmission Analysis”,1981年的SAE Paper 810102中找到杠杆图的形式、目的和使用的进一步说明,该文献的全部内容通过引用并入本文。
杠杆或第一行星齿轮组20包括分别为A、B和C的第一、第二、和第三节点。节点A、B、和C表示第一行星齿轮组20的第一、第二和第三构件,优选的表示齿圈构件、行星架构件和太阳齿轮构件,但不一定以这个顺序。EVT18还包括第二行星齿轮组22,该第二行星齿轮组22包括分别为D、E和F的第四、第五和第六节点。类似于齿轮组20,节点D、E、和F表示第二行星齿轮组22的第一、第二和第三构件,优选的齿圈构件、行星架构件和太阳齿轮构件,但也不一定以这个顺序。
发动机12、第一电动机/发电机14、和第二电动机/发电机16经由输入构件布置以可操作的方式连接至EVT18。从动力源起的输入构件布置向EVT18提供扭矩。输入构件布置包括用作输入构件24的发动机12的输出轴、用作输入构件26的第二电动机/发电机16的转子、和用作输入构件28的第一电动机/发电机14的转子。输入构件24构造成向EVT18提供发动机扭矩。输入构件26和输入构件28构造成分别向EVT18提供来自第二电动机/发电机16的扭矩和来自第一电动机/发电机14的扭矩。第二节点B持续连接至输入构件24,第三节点C持续连接至输入构件26,而第六节点F持续连接至输入构件28。第五节点E持续连接至提供用于发动和推进车辆的输出扭矩的输出构件38。
第一互连构件30使第二节点B与第四节点D持续互连。第二互连构件31使第一节点A与第五节点E持续互连。因此,第一行星齿轮组的两个节点以可操作的方式并持续地连接至第二行星齿轮组的两个节点。第四节点D可经由扭矩传递装置34有选择地与EVT18的固定构件或壳体32连接,从而将第四节点固接。如本领域的技术人员所理解的,扭矩传递装置34可构造成有选择地或自动地接合,并构造成沿两个方向传递扭矩。能够沿两个方向传递扭矩的扭矩传递装置众所周知的示例是摩擦片型离合器、制动器、和爪形离合器。电动爪形离合器在一个实施例中可用作简单有效的机构,以将第四节点D固接。
尽管未示出,但在所附权利要求的范围内等同的是发动机12与节点持续连接的构造。在这样的构造中,输出构件38持续连接至节点D,而扭矩传递装置34用于有选择地使节点E与固定构件或壳体32连接。这样的动力系可受到与图1所示的动力系10不同的控制策略,但可以另外的方式提供相似的能力。
如本领域的技术人员所理解的,动力系10另外具有诸如一个或多个电池的电源(未示出)。电源以可操作的方式连接至电动机/发电机14和16,使得电动机/发电机向发动机12传输功率或从发动机12接收功率。尽管未示出,但动力系10还包括控制器或电子控制单元(ECU)。控制器以可操作的方式连接至电源,以控制从电源的功率分配或到电源的功率分配。
在动力系10中,经由来自第一电动机/发电机14和第二电动机/发电机16两者的纯电动输入、或经由来自电动机/发电机和发动机12的组合输入可提供两种电动可变驱动模式。通过接合扭矩传递装置34、并提供来自第一电动机/发电机14和第二电动机/发电机16的任一组合的输入扭矩建立动力系10的第一电动可变驱动模式。通过接合扭矩传递装置34、并提供来自第一电动机/发电机14、第二电动机/发电机16、和发动机12的任一组合的输入扭矩建立动力系10的第二电动可变驱动模式。如所构造的,动力系10等同地擅长于沿前进方向以及后退方向发动和推进车辆。
图2描绘了具有EVT118的动力系110。动力系110是图1所示的动力系10的特定实施例。EVT118由示意性符号图表示,其描绘了与图1的杠杆图对应并由该杠杆图反映的特定的行星齿轮组连接。尽管表示了特定的动力系110,但应理解的是,特定的实施例性质上仅是示例性的,并且还设想在图1的杠杆图的范围内的其他动力系布置。
EVT118利用两个差速齿轮组,优选地具有第一行星齿轮组140和第二行星齿轮组150。第一行星齿轮组140采用围绕太阳齿轮构件144的齿圈构件142。行星架构件146以可旋转的方式支撑与齿圈构件142和太阳齿轮构件144啮合地接合的多个小齿轮。第二电动机/发电机16持续连接至太阳齿轮构件144。发动机12持续连接至行星架构件146。
第二行星齿轮组150采用围绕太阳齿轮构件154的齿圈构件152。行星架构件156以可旋转的方式支撑与齿圈构件152和太阳齿轮构件154啮合地接合的多个小齿轮。第一电动机/发电机14持续连接至太阳齿轮构件154。输出构件38与行星架构件156持续连接。互连构件130使行星架构件146与齿圈构件152持续连接。互连构件131使齿圈构件142与行星架构件156持续连接。第二电动机/发电机16与太阳齿轮构件144持续连接。互连构件130和131分别可以是单个部件或多个相连的部件。因此,行星齿轮组140的两个构件经由互连构件130和131与行星齿轮组150的两个构件持续连接。因此,行星齿轮组140与150之间的连接和相互作用由在图1中描绘的杠杆图反映。
齿圈构件142与图1的第一节点A对应。行星架构件146与图1的第二节点B对应。太阳齿轮构件144与图1的第三节点C对应。齿圈构件152与图1的第四节点D对应,并与又名第二节点B的行星架构件146持续连接。行星架构件156与图1的第五节点E对应,并与又名第一节点A的齿圈构件142持续连接。太阳齿轮构件154与图1的第六节点F对应。
如由本领域的技术人员所容易理解的,由于输出构件38处于非常适于为前轮驱动的车辆应用所共有的横向布置的位置,所以EVT18适于前轮驱动的车辆体系结构。扭矩传递装置134可有选择地接合,以将齿圈构件152与例如变速器壳体的固定构件132固接。扭矩传递装置134可以与图1的对应扭矩传递装置34同样地操作。类似于图1的动力系10,在扭矩传递装置134接合和发动机12停止的情况下建立第一电动可变驱动模式。同样类似于图1的动力系10,在扭矩传递装置134分离和发动机12运转的情况下建立第二电动可变驱动模式。可采用第一和第二驱动模式每个,以沿前进方向或后退方向发动和推进车辆。
尽管已详细描述了用于实施本发明的最佳模式,但熟悉本发明所涉及的领域的技术人员应认识到在所附权利要求的范围内用于实践本发明的各种替代性的设计和实施例。
Claims (10)
1.一种可与多个动力源连接以用于发动和推进车辆的混合机电变速器,包括:
输出构件;
固定构件;
第一行星齿轮组和第二行星齿轮组,其中,各自第一和第二行星齿轮组中的每一个均包括第一、第二、和第三构件,并且其中,所述第一行星齿轮组的两个构件以可操作的方式连接至所述第二行星齿轮组的两个构件;以及
扭矩传递装置;
所述动力源包括:
第一电动机/发电机;
第二电动机/发电机;以及
发动机;
其中:
所述发动机和所述第二电动机/发电机各自以可操作的方式连接至所述第一行星齿轮组,而所述第一电动机/发电机和所述输出构件各自以可操作的方式连接至所述第二行星齿轮组,并且所述扭矩传递装置可接合以将所述发动机固接至所述固定构件,使得所述变速器提供用于发动和推进所述车辆的第一驱动模式和第二驱动模式。
2.根据权利要求1所述的变速器,其中:
所述发动机以可操作的方式连接至所述第一行星齿轮组的所述第三构件;
所述第一电动机/发电机以可操作的方式连接至所述第二行星齿轮组的所述第二构件;
所述第二电动机/发电机以可操作的方式连接至所述第一行星齿轮组的所述第二构件;
所述第一行星齿轮组的所述第一构件以可操作的方式连接至所述第二行星齿轮组的所述第三构件;
所述第一行星齿轮组的所述第三构件以可操作的方式连接至所述第二行星齿轮组的所述第一构件;以及
所述输出构件以可操作的方式连接至所述第二行星齿轮组的所述第三构件。
3.根据权利要求1所述的变速器,其中,使所述扭矩传递装置接合将所述发动机固接至所述固定构件,以提供伴随发动机停止的所述第一驱动模式,而使所述扭矩传递装置分离提供伴随发动机运转的所述第二驱动模式。
4.根据权利要求1所述的变速器,其中,所述扭矩传递装置是能够沿两个方向传递扭矩的可有选择地接合的离合器和可有选择地接合的制动器之一。
5.根据权利要求1所述的变速器,其中,所述动力源和所述电动机/发电机与第一和第二行星齿轮组的相应操作连接便于所述发动机的速度和扭矩与所述电动机/发电机的速度和扭矩的受控选择,以发动和推进所述车辆。
6.一种用于发动和推进车辆的混合动力系,包括:
发动机;
第一电动机/发电机和第二电动机/发电机;
电动可变变速器,具有:
输出构件;
固定构件;
第一行星齿轮组和第二行星齿轮组,其中,各自第一和第二行星齿轮组中的每一个均具有第一、第二、和第三构件,并且,所述第一行星齿轮组的两个构件以可操作的方式连接至所述第二行星齿轮组的两个构件;以及
扭矩传递装置;
其中:
所述发动机和所述第二电动机/发电机各自以可操作的方式连接至所述第一行星齿轮组,所述第一电动机/发电机和所述输出构件各自以可操作的方式连接至所述第二行星齿轮组,并且所述扭矩传递装置可接合以将所述发动机固接至所述固定构件,使得所述变速器提供用于发动和推进所述车辆的第一驱动模式和第二驱动模式。
7.根据权利要求6所述的动力系,其中:
所述发动机以可操作的方式连接至所述第一行星齿轮组的所述第三构件;
所述第一电动机/发电机以可操作的方式连接至所述第二行星齿轮组的所述第二构件;
所述第二电动机/发电机以可操作的方式连接至所述第一行星齿轮组的所述第二构件;
所述第一行星齿轮组的所述第一构件以可操作的方式连接至所述第二行星齿轮组的所述第三构件;
所述第一行星齿轮组的所述第三构件以可操作的方式连接至所述第二行星齿轮组的所述第一构件;以及
所述输出构件以可操作的方式连接至所述第二行星齿轮组的所述第三构件。
8.根据权利要求6所述的动力系,其中,使所述扭矩传递装置接合将所述发动机固接至所述固定构件以提供伴随发动机停止的所述第一驱动模式,而使所述扭矩传递装置分离提供伴随发动机运转的所述第二驱动模式。
9.根据权利要求6所述的动力系,其中,所述扭矩传递装置是能够沿两个方向传递扭矩的可有选择地接合的离合器和可有选择地接合的制动器之一。
10.一种混合电动车辆,包括:
发动机;
第一电动机/发电机和第二电动机/发电机;
电动可变变速器,具有:
输出构件;
固定构件;
第一行星齿轮组和第二行星齿轮组,其中,各自第一和第二行星齿轮组中的每一个均具有第一、第二、和第三构件,并且,所述第一行星齿轮组的两个构件以可操作的方式连接至所述第二行星齿轮组的两个构件;以及
扭矩传递装置;
其中:
所述发动机和所述第二电动机/发电机各自以可操作的方式连接至所述第一行星齿轮组,所述第一电动机/发电机和所述输出构件各自以可操作的方式连接至所述第二行星齿轮组,并且所述扭矩传递装置可接合以将所述发动机固接至所述固定构件,使得所述变速器提供用于发动和推进所述车辆的第一驱动模式和第二驱动模式。
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US8251850B2 (en) | 2012-08-28 |
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