CN102072120B - Vehicle energy collection device with continuous ring of shape memory alloy - Google Patents
Vehicle energy collection device with continuous ring of shape memory alloy Download PDFInfo
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- CN102072120B CN102072120B CN201010621435.XA CN201010621435A CN102072120B CN 102072120 B CN102072120 B CN 102072120B CN 201010621435 A CN201010621435 A CN 201010621435A CN 102072120 B CN102072120 B CN 102072120B
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- QXZUUHYBWMWJHK-UHFFFAOYSA-N [Co].[Ni] Chemical compound [Co].[Ni] QXZUUHYBWMWJHK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
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- KUNSUQLRTQLHQQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N copper tin Chemical compound [Cu].[Sn] KUNSUQLRTQLHQQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
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- WPBNNNQJVZRUHP-UHFFFAOYSA-L manganese(2+);methyl n-[[2-(methoxycarbonylcarbamothioylamino)phenyl]carbamothioyl]carbamate;n-[2-(sulfidocarbothioylamino)ethyl]carbamodithioate Chemical compound [Mn+2].[S-]C(=S)NCCNC([S-])=S.COC(=O)NC(=S)NC1=CC=CC=C1NC(=S)NC(=O)OC WPBNNNQJVZRUHP-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 description 1
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Images
Classifications
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F03—MACHINES OR ENGINES FOR LIQUIDS; WIND, SPRING, OR WEIGHT MOTORS; PRODUCING MECHANICAL POWER OR A REACTIVE PROPULSIVE THRUST, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- F03G—SPRING, WEIGHT, INERTIA OR LIKE MOTORS; MECHANICAL-POWER PRODUCING DEVICES OR MECHANISMS, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR OR USING ENERGY SOURCES NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- F03G7/00—Mechanical-power-producing mechanisms, not otherwise provided for or using energy sources not otherwise provided for
- F03G7/06—Mechanical-power-producing mechanisms, not otherwise provided for or using energy sources not otherwise provided for using expansion or contraction of bodies due to heating, cooling, moistening, drying or the like
Abstract
The invention relates to a vehicle energy collection device with a continuous ring of a shape memory alloy, and in particular to an energy collection device comprising a first region with a first temperature and a second region with a second temperature. Pipelines are at least partially located at the first region. A heat engine disposed to transform heat energy into mechanical energy comprises a shape memory alloy which forms at least one general continuous ring. The shape memory alloy is disposed to be in heat exchange contact with the first region and the second region. A bracket is disposed surrounding the pipelines so as to allow the bracket to respond to the temperature difference between the first region and the second region and to be driven by the shape memory alloy to rotate around the pipelines.
Description
The cross reference of related application
The application requires the rights and interests of the U.S. Provisional Application that the application number of submission on November 20th, 2009 is 61/263,162, and its full content is by reference to being incorporated to herein.
Technical field
The present invention relates in general to a kind of vehicle, more specifically, relates to a kind of energy source for vehicle and vehicle accessory.
Background technique
Traditionally, vehicle is by the motor of driving vehicle with for piloting engine and providing power for car accessories provide the battery of power.Technical progress and the quantity that the expectation of driver's convenience has been increased to vehicle accessory have increased as vehicle accessory provides power the required load to motor and/or battery simultaneously, namely, and power demand.In addition, vehicle power source and assembly produce a large amount of used heat, namely, are typically dispersed in atmosphere and the waste thermal energy of loss.
Therefore, need badly and extend the device of driving stroke and increasing fuel efficiency.So, needing increase vehicle fuel efficiency badly and reducing vehicle traditional power source is the system of the dynamic load on motor and/or battery, and if the used heat of vehicle is converted into available mechanical energy and/or electric energy just can be realized great vehicle fuel economy gain.
Summary of the invention
An energy collecting system, comprising: the first area and the second area with the second temperature that is different from the first temperature with the first temperature.Pipeline is arranged in first area at least partly.Be configured to, for the heat engine that is mechanical energy by thermal power transfer, comprise and form at least one marmem of continuous loop substantially.This marmem is arranged to and described first area and described second area heat exchange contact.Support becomes around described install pipeline, so that described support drives to rotate around described pipeline by described marmem in response to the temperature difference between described first area and second area.Assembly is driven by the rotation of described support.
A kind of method of harvest energy comprises: the regional area that makes marmem has the first area of the first temperature and has between the second area of the second temperature that is different from the first temperature in heat exchange contact and moves, so as at least one continuous loop of described marmem in response to the temperature difference between described first area and described second area around the pipeline rotation that is arranged in described first area.Support rotate together with described marmem and assembly by the rotary actuation of described support.
A kind of vehicle comprises pipeline, have the first area of the first temperature and have the second area of the second temperature that is different from described the first temperature.Described first area is around described pipeline, and described second area is at least in part around described first area.The heat engine of described vehicle, being configured to thermal power transfer is mechanical energy, comprises the support with the concentric setting of described pipeline.A plurality of inner pulley and a plurality of outside pulley are rotatably installed to described support to replace each other relation.At least one continuous loop of marmem alternately passes around the inner side of a plurality of inner pulley and the outside of a plurality of outside pulleys around described pipe ring.Described marmem is configured to and described first area and described second area heat exchange contact, thereby by described marmem, drives described support to rotate around described pipeline in response to the temperature difference between described first area and described second area.The assembly of vehicle is by the rotary actuation of support described at least one.
By reference to the accompanying drawings and claims, to implementing the detailed description of the preferred embodiments of the present invention and best mode, above-mentioned Characteristics and advantages of the present invention and further feature and advantage are apparent.
The present invention further provides following scheme:
1. 1 kinds of energy collecting systems of scheme, it comprises:
The first area with the first temperature;
The second area with the second temperature that is different from described the first temperature;
Be arranged at least partly the pipeline of described first area;
Be arranged to for heat energy being changed into the heat engine of mechanical energy, it comprises:
Form at least one substantially marmem of continuous loop, wherein said marmem be configured to described first area and described second area in each heat exchange contact; And
Around the support of described pipeline, make by described marmem, to drive described support to rotate around described pipeline in response to the temperature difference between described first area and described second area; And
Assembly by the rotary actuation of described support.
The energy collecting system of scheme 2. as described in scheme 1, wherein said support has annular shape substantially.
The energy collecting system of scheme 3. as described in scheme 1, wherein said heat engine also comprise with each other alternately relation be rotatably installed to a plurality of inner pulley and a plurality of outside pulley of described support, and wherein said marmem around the inner side of described a plurality of inner pulley and the outside of described a plurality of outside pulleys alternately through to form described at least one continuous loop.
The energy collecting system of scheme 4. as described in scheme 3, the described interior side contacts of each in a part for wherein said marmem and described pipeline and described inner pulley, thereby around heat engine described in described pipeline support.
The energy collecting system of scheme 5. as described in scheme 3, wherein said marmem also comprises a plurality of continuous loops, its each with identical alternately close to tie up in described a plurality of inner pulley and described a plurality of outside pulley pass.
The energy collecting system of scheme 6. as described in scheme 3, wherein said inner pulley is arranged at least in part described first area and described outside pulley is arranged in described second area at least in part.
The energy collecting system of scheme 7. as described in scheme 3, the regional area of wherein said marmem stretches and shrinks between described a plurality of inner pulley and described a plurality of outside pulley.
The energy collecting system of scheme 8. as described in scheme 1, wherein said at least one support also comprises a plurality of salient angles, each in wherein said a plurality of salient angle is partly around described pipeline, makes described a plurality of salient angle together around described pipeline and each is to rotate around described pipeline with another phase same rate.
The energy collecting system of scheme 9. as described in scheme 8, wherein said heat engine also comprises a plurality of inner pulley and a plurality of outside pulley that is rotatably installed in described a plurality of salient angle each, and wherein, for corresponding of described a plurality of salient angles, described in described at least one continued circling of described marmem, pipeline and described a plurality of outside pulley pass, to rotate described a plurality of outside pulley and described a plurality of inner pulley rotation, thereby drive described support to rotate around described pipeline.
The energy collecting system of scheme 10. as described in scheme 9, wherein said marmem also comprises a plurality of continuous loops, its each in described corresponding salient angle one passes.
The energy collecting system of scheme 11. as described in scheme 10, a plurality of continuous loops of each described marmem passing around it in wherein said corresponding salient angle.
The energy collecting system of scheme 12. as described in scheme 1, wherein said assembly is generator.
The energy collecting system of scheme 13. as described in scheme 12, wherein said support is the rotor of described generator.
The method of 14. 1 kinds of harvest energies of scheme comprises:
The regional area that makes marmem has the first area of the first temperature and has between the second area of the second temperature that is different from described the first temperature in heat exchange contact and moves, at least one continuous loop that makes described marmem in response to the temperature difference between described first area and described second area around the pipeline rotation that is arranged in described first area;
By described marmem, support is rotated; With
By the described rotary drive assembly of described support.
The method of scheme 15. as described in scheme 14, is wherein used described marmem that described support rotation is also comprised around described pipeline and rotates described support.
The method of scheme 16. as described in scheme 14, wherein makes the regional area of marmem mobile also comprising between first area described in heat exchange contact and described second area the described ring of described marmem alternately be passed to replace each other the inner side of a plurality of inner pulley and the outside of a plurality of outside pulleys that relation is rotatably installed to described support.
The method of scheme 17. as described in scheme 14, wherein by described marmem, the rotation of at least one support is also comprised a plurality of salient angles are rotated with mutually the same speed around described pipeline, each of wherein said a plurality of salient angles is partly around described pipeline and be fixed on described support.
The method of scheme 18. as described in scheme 14, the regional area that wherein makes marmem is mobile between first area described in heat exchange contact and described second area also comprises rotatably passing around described pipeline and a plurality of inner pulley and a plurality of outside pulley described marmem, wherein said a plurality of inner pulley and a plurality of outside pulley are fixed on corresponding of described a plurality of salient angles, thereby drive described at least one support to rotate around described pipeline.
19. 1 kinds of vehicles of scheme, it comprises:
Pipeline for vehicle;
The first area with the first temperature, wherein said first area is around described pipeline;
The second area with the second temperature that is different from described the first temperature, wherein said second area is at least in part around described first area;
Be arranged to for heat energy being changed into the heat engine of mechanical energy, it comprises:
Support around described pipeline concentric locating;
Rotatably be fixed on a plurality of inner pulley of described support;
To replace with described inner pulley the outside pulley that relation is rotatably fixed on described support;
At least one continuous loop of marmem, its around described pipeline around the inner side of described a plurality of inner pulley and the outside of described a plurality of outside pulleys alternately through; With
Wherein said marmem is configured to each heat exchange contact with described first area and described second area, makes by described marmem, to drive described support to rotate around described pipeline in response to the temperature difference between described first area and described second area; With
The assembly of the vehicle of the described rotary actuation by described support.
The vehicle of scheme 20. as described in scheme 19, wherein said pipeline is in the outlet pipe of vehicle and radiator hose.
The vehicle of scheme 21. as described in scheme 19, in a part for wherein said marmem and described outlet pipe and described radiator hose one and described a plurality of inner pulley, the described interior side contacts of each supports described heat engine with described one in described outlet pipe and described radiator hose.
The vehicle of scheme 22. as described in scheme 19, described at least one continuous loop of wherein said marmem also comprises a plurality of continuous circular shape circles, its each between described a plurality of inner pulley and described a plurality of outside pulley, with identical alternately relation, pass.
The vehicle of scheme 23. as described in scheme 19, wherein said a plurality of inner pulley are positioned at described first area at least in part, and described a plurality of outside pulley is positioned at described second area at least in part.
Accompanying drawing explanation
Accompanying drawing 1 is the schematic diagram with the vehicle of energy collecting system;
Accompanying drawing 2 is perspective schematic view of the first mode of execution of energy collecting system in accompanying drawing 1;
Accompanying drawing 3 is partial schematic end view of the first mode of execution of energy collecting system in attached Fig. 1 and 2;
Accompanying drawing 4 is perspective schematic view of the second mode of execution of energy collecting system in accompanying drawing 1; And
Accompanying drawing 5 is partial schematic end view of the second mode of execution of energy collecting system in accompanying drawing 1 and 4;
Embodiment
As figure, wherein the corresponding similarly element of similar reference character, totally illustrates vehicle at Fig. 1 with mark 10.Vehicle 10 comprises energy collecting system 42,142.Energy collecting system 42,142 utilizes the temperature difference between first area 12 and second area 14 to produce mechanical energy or electric energy, therefore may be for road vehicle application.Yet, be understandable that energy collecting system 42,142 can be used for non-automotive applications equally.Energy collecting system 42,142 comprises heat engine 16,116.This heat engine 16,116 is arranged for heat energy such as being mechanical energy by thermal transition or being mechanical energy by thermal transition and then being converted into electric energy, below will describe in detail.
Energy collecting system 42,142 is arranged in cabin 40 at least in part.The power of vehicle 10 and driving source (not shown) produce heat conventionally.Therefore, cabin 40 comprises first area 12 and second area 14, has the temperature difference between them.First area 12 and second area 14 can be spaced apart from each other to provide sufficient heat exchange barrier 50 between first area 12 and second area 14.
Fluid in energy collecting system 42,142 can be filled first area 12 and second area 14, and can in the group from gas, liquid or their combination, choose.Fluid in first area 12 can be the fluid different from fluid in second area 14.In the embodiment of above-mentioned discussion, in cabin 40 while being engine compartment, the fluid in first area 12 and second area 14 is the air in cabin 40.The object that is arranged in first area 12 and second area 14 can produce or loses heat to around these parts and form first area 12 and the fluid of second area 14.Alternatively, first area 12 and/or second area 14 can be thermal source or radiator, and energy collecting device 42,142 can and first area 12 and second area 14 physical contacts to utilize the temperature difference between them.
In vehicle 10, energy collecting system 42,142 can utilize some examples of the temperature difference to be close or to be contained in vent systems, comprise near catalytic converter, the battery of vehicle or be positioned at the battery flat of electric vehicle immediately, the parts of close speed changer, break or vehicle suspension system are vibration damper particularly, or near or be contained in heat exchanger, for example radiator.Above-mentioned example has listed and in vehicle 10, can be used as the region of in first area 12 or second area 14.Energy collecting system 42,142 can be located so that another in first area 12 or second area 14 separate the temperature difference that provides required by sufficient heat exchange barrier 50.The above-mentioned example that has only been to provide the region that energy collecting system 42,142 can be set up of enumerating, is not intended to comprise all setting types of energy collecting system 42,142.Those skilled in the art can determine there is the region of the temperature difference of being associated and for the correct position of energy collecting system 42,142 to utilize this temperature difference.
Energy collecting system 42,142 also comprises from driven unit 20.This assembly 20 can be the simple mechanical device of choosing from comprise the group of fan, band, clutch drive, blower, pump, compressor and their combination.Assembly 20 is driven by heat engine 16,116.Assembly 20 can be the existing system in vehicle 10
A part, such as heating or cooling system.Mechanical energy can driven unit 20 or other system that can assisting vehicle 10 carry out driven unit 20.The motivational drive assembly 20 providing by heat engine 16,116 also can allow the existing system being associated in vehicle 10 to be reduced aspect volume/capacity, thereby goes back saving in weight except saving energy.
Alternatively, assembly 20 can be a part for generator or generator.Assembly/generator 20 is configured to for the mechanical energy from heat engine 16,116 is converted into electricity (totally representing with mark EE) in Fig. 1.Assembly/generator 20 can be any suitable device that mechanical energy can be converted into electric energy EE.For example, assembly/generator 20 can be to utilize electromagnetic induction mechanical energy to be converted into the generator of electric energy EE, and can comprise the rotor (not shown) rotating with respect to stator (not shown).Electric energy EE from assembly/generator 20
Can then with the main or accessory drive system of helping as in vehicle 10, provide power.
As mentioned above, energy collecting system 42,142 is configured to for producing mechanical energy or electric energy, and comprises the structure that limits the first area 12 with the first temperature and the structure that limits the second area 14 with the second temperature that is different from the first temperature.For example, the temperature difference between first area 12 and second area 14 can be as small as about 5 ℃ and not higher than about 100 ℃.In other words, this temperature difference can be to be more than or equal to approximately 5 ℃ and be less than or equal to approximately 30 ℃, for example, is less than or equal to approximately 10 ℃.
In a kind of modified example, energy collecting system 42,142 also comprises ECU (Electrical Control Unit) 46.ECU (Electrical Control Unit) 46 is operationally communicated by letter with vehicle 10.ECU (Electrical Control Unit) 46 can be the computer for example connecting with one or more control gear of energy collecting system 42,142 and/or sensor electrical.For example, ECU (Electrical Control Unit) 46 can connect and/or control speed regulator, the flow transducer of temperature transducer in first area 12, the temperature transducer in second area 14, assembly 20 and be configured to one or more in the instrument of monitoring generating.ECU (Electrical Control Unit) 46 can be controlled at the collection of energy under the predetermined condition of vehicle 10.For example, after having moved enough time section, guarantees by vehicle 10 that the temperature difference between first area 12 and second area 14 is optimal temperature difference.ECU (Electrical Control Unit) 46 can also provide to be selected manually to control heat engine 16,116 energy collecting system 42,142 is closed.The clutch of being controlled by ECU (Electrical Control Unit) 46 (not shown) can be used for making heat engine 16,116 and assembly 20 to disconnect.
As shown in Figure 1, energy collecting system 42,142 comprises and is configured to the transmission medium 48 from the electric energy EE of energy collecting system 42,142 for transmission.Particularly, transmission medium 48 can transmit the electric energy EE from assembly/generator 20.Transmission medium 48 can be for example power line or conductive cable.Transmission medium 48 can be transferred to storage device 54 by the electric energy EE from assembly/generator 20, for example, and Vehicular battery.But storage device 54 can also be positioned at and approach vehicle 10 separate with vehicle 10.Such storage device 54 can allow energy collecting system 42,142 for the vehicle of having parked such as 10.For example, energy collecting system 42,142 can utilize the temperature difference that the sunlight load on the cover of cabin 40 produces and produced electric energy EE is stored in storage device 54.
No matter be used to direct driven unit 20 or store for using subsequently from the energy of energy collecting system 42,142, energy collecting system 42,142 provides extra energy and has reduced the load in the main energy sources that drives vehicle 10 for vehicle 10.Therefore, energy collecting system 42,142 has increased fuel economy and the stroke of vehicle 10.As mentioned above, energy collecting system 42,142 can autonomous operation and need to be from the input of vehicle 10.
Should be understood that, for above-mentioned arbitrary embodiment, vehicle 10 and/or energy collecting system 42,142 can comprise a plurality of heat engines 16,116 and/or a plurality of assembly 20.That is to say, a vehicle 10 can comprise more than one heat engine 16,116 and/or assembly 20.For example, a heat engine 16,116 can drive more than one assembly 20.Similarly, vehicle 10 can comprise more than one energy collecting system 42,142, and each at least has a heat engine 16,116 and assembly 20.A plurality of heat engines 16,116 can be utilized the temperature difference in a plurality of regions that spread all over vehicle 10.
Referring now to Fig. 1 and Fig. 2,, heat engine 16 be configured to for by heat energy for example heat deflection be mechanical energy or by heat deflection, be mechanical energy and then be transformed into electric energy, below will describe in detail.Heat engine 16 comprises marmem 18 (as Fig. 2), and marmem 18 has at it at first area 12 and second area 14 under the specified temp exposing transformable crystallised phase between austenite and martensite.In response to the temperature difference (as Fig. 1) of first area 12 and second area 14, marmem stands crystallised phase between through first area 12 and second area 14 time to be changed.Following description is with reference to figure 2.But all embodiments' marmem 18 is all implemented in a similar fashion.
As used herein, term " marmem " refers to show the alloy of shape memory effect.That is to say, marmem 18 is rearranged and can be stood solid state phase changes being that " martensite " and austenite are to change between " austenite " mutually at martensitic phase by molecule.In other words, marmem 18 can stand that shift-type changes rather than diffusion-type transition to change between martensite and austenite.In general, martensitic phase refers to the phase of relatively lower temp and conventionally than the austenite of high-temperature relatively, is more easily out of shape mutually.Marmem 18 starts to be known as martensite start temperature M from the austenite temperature that martensitic phase changes in opposite directions
s.Marmem 18 completes and from the austenite temperature that martensitic phase changes in opposite directions, is known as martensite and completes temperature M
f.Similarly, when marmem 18 is heated, the temperature that marmem 18 starts to change mutually to austenite from martensitic phase is known as austenite initial temperature A
s.And marmem 18 completes the temperature changing mutually to austenite from martensitic phase, be known as austenite and complete temperature A
f.
Therefore, marmem 18 can be characterized as being cold conditions, that is, and and when the temperature of marmem 18 completes temperature M lower than the martensite of marmem 18
ftime.Similarly, marmem 18 can also be characterized as being hot, that is, and and when the temperature of marmem 18 completes temperature A higher than the austenite of marmem 18
ftime.
When operation, namely, when being exposed to the temperature difference of first area 12 and second area 14, marmem 18, if be subject to prestrain or stand tensile stress, can varying sizedly when crystallised phase changes be converted into mechanical energy by heat energy thus.That is to say, if be subject to pseudoplastic behavior prestrain, marmem 18 can by crystallised phase from martensite change to austenite and thus dimensional contraction to heat energy is converted into mechanical energy.On the contrary, if under stress, marmem 18 can by crystallised phase from austenite change to martensite and thus size expansion to heat energy is converted into mechanical energy.
Pseudoplastic behavior prestrain refers to that extended configuration memory alloy 18 does not recover the strain that marmem 18 shows under loading environment completely when unloading when in martensitic phase, and wherein pure elastic strain can be recovered completely.With regard to marmem 18, can add carrier material and make to surpass elastic strain limit and in the martensitic crystalline structure at material, deformation occurred before surpassing the real plastic strain limit of material.Such strain between these two limit, it is pseudoplastic behavior strain, address is because it shows and has plastic deformation in when unloading like this, but when heating reaches marmem 18 and changes the point of its austenite phase into, this strain can recover, thereby makes marmem 18 turn back to the initial length of observing before any load applying.Marmem 18 was conventionally made the nominal length of marmem 18 include recoverable pseudoplastic behavior strain by stretching, extension before being installed to heat engine 18, and it provides in order to activate/to drive the motion of heat engine 16.In the situation that there is no pre-extended configuration memory alloy 18, in phase transition process, can only see less deformed.
Marmem 18 can have any suitable composition.Particularly, marmem 18 can comprise from comprising cobalt, nickel, titanium, indium, manganese, iron, palladium, zinc, copper, silver, gold, cadmium, tin, silicon, platinum, the composition of selecting in the group of gallium and combination thereof.For example, suitable marmem 18 can comprise nickel titanium based alloy, nickel-aluminum base alloy, nickel gallium-base alloy, indium titan-based alloy, indium cadmium base alloy, nickel cobalt acieral, nickel manganese gallium-base alloy, copper base alloy is (as copper-zinc alloy, albronze, copper-gold alloy, and signal bronze), gold cadmium base alloy, silver-colored cadmium base alloy, manganese copper base alloy, iron platinum base alloy, iron palladium-base alloy, and their combination.Marmem 18 can be binary, and ternary or any larger level, as long as marmem 18 shows shape memory effect, as the change of shape orientation, damping capacity and so on.The people of skilled can carry out selected shape memory alloy 18 according to the expectation running temperature in cabin 40 (as Fig. 1), below will elaborate.In the fixed embodiment of a band, marmem 18 can comprise nickel and titanium.
In addition, marmem 18 can have any suitable form, i.e. shape.Such as, marmem 18 can have from comprising bias component (as spring), winding, line, band, the form of selecting in the group of continuous loop and their combination.Referring to Fig. 2, in a kind of modification, marmem 18 can form continuous loop spring.
Heat engine 16, more specifically, the marmem 18 (as Fig. 2) of heat engine 16, is arranged to associated with each thermo-contact or heat exchange in first area 12 and second area 14.Therefore, marmem 18 can change crystallised phase in thermo-contact with first area 12 and second area 14 or heat exchange when associated between austenite and martensite.For example, when contacting with first area 12, marmem 18 can become austenite from martensite.Similarly, when contacting with second area 14, marmem 18 can become martensite from austenite.
In addition, thus marmem 18 can change modulus when crystallised phase changes and size changes heat energy into mechanical energy.More specifically, marmem 18, if pseudoplastic prestrain, could dimensional contraction when crystallised phase is austenite from Martensitic transformation, and if can size when crystallised phase changes martensite into from austenite stretch tensile stress is next, thereby change heat energy into mechanical energy.Therefore, between the first temperature of first area 12 and the second temperature of second area 14, exist under any condition of the temperature difference, be that first area 12 and second area 14 are not under thermally equilibrated condition, when crystallised phase changes between martensite and Ao Shi body, marmem 18 can size stretch or shrink.And the transformation of the crystallised phase of marmem 18 can impel marmem rotary pulley 24,26 (as shown in Figure 2) thereby driven unit 20.
Referring to accompanying drawing 2 and 3, assembly 20 (as shown in Figure 1) is driven by heat engine 16.That is to say, the mechanical energy being obtained by thermal power transfer by marmem 18 can driven unit 20.Particularly, the dimensional contraction of aforementioned shapes memory alloy 18 and size stretching, extension associating modulus change can driven units 20.
Heat engine 16 comprises support 22.A plurality of inner pulley 24 and a plurality of outside pulley 26 are subject to the rotational support of support 22.Thereby inner pulley 24 and outside pulley 26 drive rotation by a plurality of continuous loops of marmem 18.Support 22, inner pulley 24 and outside pulley 26 around substantially around or be arranged on pipe in first area 12 or pipeline 32 arranges substantially with one heart.Fluid can flow through pipeline 32, as shown in by arrow F.First area 12 can be around pipeline 32 in case marmem 18 with first area 12 in thermo-contact or heat exchange relationship.Alternately, first area 12 can be that pipeline 32 and marmem 18 can be with pipeline 32 physical contacts to provide the expectation heat exchange relationship with first area 12.
The fluid that forms first area 12 and/or second area 14 in energy collecting system 42 (as shown in Figure 1) can be selected from the group of gas, liquid and their composition.For example, the fluid in first area 12 can be exhaust, and pipeline 32 can be the outlet pipe of vehicle 10.On the other hand, pipeline 32 can be radiator hose, and fluid in first area 12 can be radiator fluid.Therefore the fluid in second area 14 can be the air around outlet pipe or radiator hose.Heat engine 16 is arranged to utilize the temperature difference between the inside and outside environment of outlet pipe or radiator hose around outlet pipe or radiator hose.
When the regional area of marmem 18 moves between thermo-contact or the associated first area 12 of heat exchange and second area 14, marmem 18 sizes stretch and shrink.In addition, the modulus of marmem 18 changes when the regional area of marmem 18 moves between thermo-contact or the associated first area 12 of heat exchange and second area 14.In response to the modulus change that makes marmem 18 sizes stretch and shrink and follow, support 22 is actuated to rotate in the first sense of rotation around first axle A, shown in arrow 28.
More specifically, inner pulley 24 and outside pulley 26 are arranged with alternate mode.Marmem 18 forms a plurality of continuous loops, and the radial outside of its each radially inner side around inner pulley 24 and outside pulley 26 is wound around.Radially inner side and radial outside direction are that reference is about the radially relation with respect to first axle A.
The temperature difference between first area 12 and second area 14 makes marmem 18 dimensional contraction or stretching, extension fully, so that outside pulley 26 rotates and makes inner pulley 24 in the 3rd sense of rotation 34 rotations in the second sense of rotation 30.The second sense of rotation 30 is contrary with the 3rd sense of rotation 34 with the first sense of rotation 28.Outside pulley 26 is around the second axis B rotation and inner pulley 24 is rotated around the 3rd axis C, and the second axis is all parallel with first axle with the 3rd axis.The sufficient dimensional contraction of marmem 18 or stretching, extension make inner pulley 24, outside pulley 26 and support 22 around pipeline 32 rotation or " walkings ".Support 22 can be connected to the rotation with respect to pipeline 32 that assembly 20 (as shown in Figure 1) makes support 22 provide can driver part 20 rotation output.Each a plurality of position on its circumference of a plurality of rings of marmem 18 have sufficient dimensional contraction and stretching, extension, and it forms accumulation driving torque on inner pulley 24 and outside pulley 26.
Support 22 can change by one or more gear trains (not shown) alternatively with respect to the rotating speed of assembly 20.In addition, the temperature difference between first area 12 and second area 14 can increase along with the distance between inner pulley 24 and outside pulley 26.Therefore, can increase as required or reduce the distance between the second axis B and the 3rd axis C, to allow marmem 18 to increase or reduce distance between the outside of the inside and outside pulley 26 of inner pulley 24.So, increase or reduce the temperature difference that marmem 18 stands and the mass motion speed of heat engine 16.For given marmem 18 and energy collecting device 42, those skilled in the art can determine the optimum distance between the second axis B and the 3rd axis C.Marmem 18 can shrink or stretch at regional area.These regional areas can be between inner pulley 24 and outside pulley 26, or can be the outside of the inside and outside pulley 26 of inner pulley 24.
In addition, assembly 20 can comprise the transmission shaft 38 (as shown in Figure 1) that is attached to inner pulley 24 and/or outside pulley 26.When marmem 18 drives inner pulley 24 and/or outside pulley 26 around the axis B of heat engine 16 and C rotation, supporting element rotating drive shaft 38 and driven unit 20.Alternatively, support 22 can be generator from driver part, as the rotor of generator.
Figure 4 and 5 illustrate the second mode of execution of the heat engine 116 that the heat-exchange system 142 (as shown in Figure 1) of vehicle 10 used together.Heat engine 116 can comprise the support 122 of centrifugal shape.Thereby a plurality of inner pulley 124 are rotated by support 122 rotary supports and by a plurality of parallel continuous loop driving of marmem 118 with a plurality of outside pulleys 126.Inner pulley 124 and outside pulley 126 are arranged in the salient angle 158 of support 122 substantially eccentrically.Salient angle 158, inner pulley 124 and outside pulley 126 are around pipe or the centrifugal layout of pipeline 132 cardinal principle, and pipe or pipeline 132 are first areas 12 or are positioned at substantially first area 12.Fluid can flow through pipeline 132, as shown in by arrow F.Marmem 118 and first area 12 are in thermo-contact or heat exchange relationship.
When the regional area of marmem 118 moves between thermo-contact or the associated first area 12 of heat exchange and second area 14, marmem 118 sizes stretch and shrink.In addition, the modulus of marmem 118 changes when the regional area of marmem 118 moves between thermo-contact or the associated first area 12 of heat exchange and second area 14.In response to the modulus change that makes marmem 118 sizes stretch and shrink and follow, support 122 is actuated to around first axle A in the first sense of rotation 128 rotations.
Referring to the more specifically description of accompanying drawing 5, Fig. 5 illustrates the salient angle 158 of support 122, and outside pulley 126 is transmitted is with 160 encirclements.Marmem 118 forms around the radially outer of pipeline 132, outside pulley 126 and the radially outer of driving belt 160 and forms continuous loop.The direction of radially outer and inner radial is that reference is about the radially relation with respect to first axle A.
The temperature difference between first area 12 and second area 14 make marmem 118 fully dimensional contraction or stretching, extension to make driving belt 160 around outside pulley 126 rotations.Marmem 118 is around outside pulley 126 rotations of rotarily driving of pipeline 132 rotations and driving belt 160.Marmem 118, driving belt 160 and outside pulley 126 are all in the second sense of rotation 130 rotations.Then driving belt 160 drives inner pulley 124 in the 3rd sense of rotation 134 rotations.The second sense of rotation 30 is reverse with respect to the first sense of rotation 128 and the 3rd sense of rotation 134.Outside pulley 126 rotates around the 3rd axis C around the second axis B rotation and inner pulley 124, and these two axis are all parallel with first axle A.The sufficient dimensional contraction of marmem 118 and stretching, extension make inner pulley 124, outside pulley 126 and support 122 around pipeline 132 rotation or " walkings ".Support 122 can be connected to assembly 20 (as shown in Figure 1) and make the support 122 can driven unit 20 with respect to the rotation of pipeline 132.A plurality of continuous loops of marmem 118 are set to parallel with the ring of each salient angle 158.But the axial position of marmem 118 and salient angle 158 are staggered, to prevent that the ring of marmem 118 from interfering in adjacent salient angle 158.Support 122 shown in Fig. 4 has 4 salient angles 158, its each there are a plurality of continuous loops of marmem 118.Yet support 122 can have salient angle 158 better or still less.Those skilled in the art can determine the quantity of salient angle 158 for concrete heat engine 116.
Although described in detail, implement preferred forms of the present invention, the people who knows art technology can recognize within the scope of the claim of enclosing for implementing various alternative designs of the present invention and mode of execution.
Claims (23)
1. for an energy collecting system for vehicle, it comprises:
The first area with the first temperature;
The second area with the second temperature that is different from described the first temperature;
Be arranged at least partly the pipeline of described first area;
Be arranged to for heat energy being changed into the heat engine of mechanical energy, it comprises:
Support around described pipeline;
Rotatably be installed to a plurality of inner pulley and a plurality of outside pulley of described support;
Around described a plurality of inner pulley and a plurality of outside pulley through and form at least one marmem of continuous loop substantially, wherein said marmem be configured to described first area and described second area in each heat exchange contact, make by described marmem, to drive described support to rotate around described pipeline in response to the temperature difference between described first area and described second area; And
Assembly by the vehicle of the rotary actuation of described support.
2. energy collecting system as claimed in claim 1, is characterized in that, described support has annular shape substantially.
3. energy collecting system as claimed in claim 1, it is characterized in that, described a plurality of inner pulley and a plurality of outside pulley with each other alternately relation be rotatably installed to described support, and wherein said marmem around the inner side of described a plurality of inner pulley and the outside of described a plurality of outside pulleys alternately through to form described at least one continuous loop substantially.
4. energy collecting system as claimed in claim 3, is characterized in that, the described interior side contacts of each in a part for described marmem and described pipeline and described inner pulley, thereby around heat engine described in described pipeline support.
5. energy collecting system as claimed in claim 3, is characterized in that, described marmem also comprises a plurality of continuous loops, its each with identical alternately close to tie up in described a plurality of inner pulley and described a plurality of outside pulley pass.
6. energy collecting system as claimed in claim 3, is characterized in that, described inner pulley is arranged at least in part described first area and described outside pulley is arranged in described second area at least in part.
7. energy collecting system as claimed in claim 3, is characterized in that, the regional area of described marmem stretches and shrinks between described a plurality of inner pulley and described a plurality of outside pulley.
8. energy collecting system as claimed in claim 1, it is characterized in that, described support also comprises a plurality of salient angles, each in wherein said a plurality of salient angle is partly around described pipeline, makes described a plurality of salient angle together around described pipeline and each is to rotate around described pipeline with another phase same rate.
9. energy collecting system as claimed in claim 8, it is characterized in that, described a plurality of inner pulley and a plurality of outside pulley are rotatably installed to each in described a plurality of salient angle, and wherein, for corresponding of described a plurality of salient angles, described in described at least one continued circling of described marmem, pipeline and described a plurality of outside pulley pass, and to rotate described a plurality of outside pulley and described a plurality of inner pulley rotation, thereby drive described support to rotate around described pipeline.
10. energy collecting system as claimed in claim 9, is characterized in that, described marmem also comprises a plurality of continuous loops, and its each in described corresponding salient angle one passes.
11. energy collecting systems as claimed in claim 10, is characterized in that, in described corresponding salient angle, each has a plurality of continuous loops of the described marmem passing around it.
12. energy collecting systems as claimed in claim 1, is characterized in that, described assembly is generator.
13. energy collecting systems as claimed in claim 12, is characterized in that, described support is the rotor of described generator.
14. 1 kinds of methods for the harvest energy of vehicle, it comprises:
The regional area that makes marmem has the first area of the first temperature and has between the second area of the second temperature that is different from described the first temperature in heat exchange contact and moves, make around be rotatably installed to a plurality of inner pulley of support and at least one continuous loop of the described marmem that a plurality of outside pulley passes in response to the temperature difference between described first area and described second area around the pipeline rotation that is arranged in described first area;
By described marmem, described support is rotated; With
The assembly of the described rotary actuation vehicle by described support.
15. methods as claimed in claim 14, is characterized in that, use described marmem that described support rotation is also comprised around described pipeline and rotate described support.
16. methods as claimed in claim 14, it is characterized in that, make the regional area of marmem mobile also comprising between first area described in heat exchange contact and described second area the described ring of described marmem alternately be passed to replace each other the inner side of a plurality of inner pulley and the outside of a plurality of outside pulleys that relation is rotatably installed to described support.
17. methods as claimed in claim 14, it is characterized in that, by described marmem, support rotation is also comprised a plurality of salient angles are rotated with mutually the same speed around described pipeline, each of wherein said a plurality of salient angles is partly around described pipeline and be fixed on described support.
18. methods as claimed in claim 14, it is characterized in that, the regional area that makes marmem is mobile between first area described in heat exchange contact and described second area also to be comprised: the ring of described marmem is rotatably passed around described pipeline and a plurality of inner pulley and a plurality of outside pulley, wherein said a plurality of inner pulley and a plurality of outside pulley are fixed on corresponding one of described a plurality of salient angles, thereby drive described support to rotate around described pipeline.
19. 1 kinds of vehicles, it comprises:
Pipeline for vehicle;
The first area with the first temperature, wherein said first area is around described pipeline;
The second area with the second temperature that is different from described the first temperature, wherein said second area is at least in part around described first area;
Be arranged to for heat energy being changed into the heat engine of mechanical energy, it comprises:
Support around described pipeline concentric locating;
Rotatably be fixed on a plurality of inner pulley of described support;
To replace with described inner pulley the outside pulley that relation is rotatably fixed on described support;
At least one continuous loop of marmem, its around described pipeline around the inner side of described a plurality of inner pulley and the outside of described a plurality of outside pulleys alternately through; With
Wherein said marmem is configured to each heat exchange contact with described first area and described second area, makes by described marmem, to drive described support to rotate around described pipeline in response to the temperature difference between described first area and described second area; With
The assembly of the vehicle of the described rotary actuation by described support.
20. vehicles as claimed in claim 19, is characterized in that, described pipeline is in the outlet pipe of vehicle and radiator hose.
21. vehicles as claimed in claim 20, it is characterized in that, in a part for described marmem and described outlet pipe and described radiator hose one and described a plurality of inner pulley, the described interior side contacts of each supports described heat engine with described one in described outlet pipe and described radiator hose.
22. vehicles as claimed in claim 19, it is characterized in that, described at least one continuous loop of described marmem also comprises a plurality of continuous circular shape circles, its each between described a plurality of inner pulley and described a plurality of outside pulley, with identical alternately relation, pass.
23. vehicles as claimed in claim 19, is characterized in that, described a plurality of inner pulley are positioned at described first area at least in part, and described a plurality of outside pulley is positioned at described second area at least in part.
Applications Claiming Priority (4)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| US26316209P | 2009-11-20 | 2009-11-20 | |
| US61/263162 | 2009-11-20 | ||
| US12/947872 | 2010-11-17 | ||
| US12/947,872 US8590303B2 (en) | 2009-11-20 | 2010-11-17 | Vehicle energy harvesting device having a continuous loop of shape memory alloy |
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| CN102072120A CN102072120A (en) | 2011-05-25 |
| CN102072120B true CN102072120B (en) | 2014-03-12 |
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| DE (1) | DE102010051804B4 (en) |
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| CN109899258A (en) * | 2019-03-29 | 2019-06-18 | 中国科学院广州能源研究所 | The device of thermo-electric generation is carried out by memory metal |
| CN113594570B (en) * | 2021-06-28 | 2022-05-17 | 广东能源集团科学技术研究院有限公司 | Battery box air cooling heat management self-adaptive adjusting device |
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| CN2515437Y (en) * | 2001-12-28 | 2002-10-09 | 有研亿金新材料股份有限公司 | Marmem heat engine |
| CN101680352A (en) * | 2007-05-25 | 2010-03-24 | 法雷奥热系统公司 | The module of cooling circuit that is used for the motor of automobile |
Family Cites Families (4)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| US20020046565A1 (en) | 2000-04-11 | 2002-04-25 | Daun Singh | Device and method for generating torque using thermal energy |
| JP2003232276A (en) * | 2002-02-08 | 2003-08-22 | Tsugunori Kaneda | Shape memory alloy heat engine rotated at high speed |
| US6880336B2 (en) | 2003-08-20 | 2005-04-19 | Lockheed Martin Corporation | Solid state thermal engine |
| JP2009203875A (en) * | 2008-02-27 | 2009-09-10 | Toyota Motor Corp | Thermomagnetic engine |
-
2010
- 2010-11-18 DE DE102010051804.2A patent/DE102010051804B4/en not_active Expired - Fee Related
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Patent Citations (2)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN2515437Y (en) * | 2001-12-28 | 2002-10-09 | 有研亿金新材料股份有限公司 | Marmem heat engine |
| CN101680352A (en) * | 2007-05-25 | 2010-03-24 | 法雷奥热系统公司 | The module of cooling circuit that is used for the motor of automobile |
Non-Patent Citations (2)
| Title |
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| JP特开2003-232276A 2003.08.22 |
| JP特开2009-203875A 2009.09.10 |
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| CN102072120A (en) | 2011-05-25 |
| DE102010051804B4 (en) | 2021-08-19 |
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