CN109899258A - The device of thermo-electric generation is carried out by memory metal - Google Patents
The device of thermo-electric generation is carried out by memory metal Download PDFInfo
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- CN109899258A CN109899258A CN201910252533.1A CN201910252533A CN109899258A CN 109899258 A CN109899258 A CN 109899258A CN 201910252533 A CN201910252533 A CN 201910252533A CN 109899258 A CN109899258 A CN 109899258A
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02E—REDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
- Y02E20/00—Combustion technologies with mitigation potential
- Y02E20/14—Combined heat and power generation [CHP]
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Abstract
The invention discloses a kind of devices that thermo-electric generation is carried out by memory metal, using the amount of bow of memory metal is big, plasticity is high, can restore more than memory temperature before shape the features such as, mechanical energy is converted by waterpower promotion by hot water thermal energy by the stretching, extension of blade, contraction, electric energy is converted by mechanical energy again, reduce the maximum kinetic energy link of energy loss, improves energy conversion efficiency.Belong to the energy conservation and environmental protection of a kind of small temperature difference and middle and small scale new energy and UTILIZATION OF VESIDUAL HEAT IN.The present apparatus overcomes the phase transformation of traditional thermo-electric generation, buckling process, and steam exhaust cannot be using the low problem of the caused thermal efficiency, and the rigors to working medium, scale and sealing etc. during avoiding traditional thermo-electric generation.The present invention is that small-scale small temperature difference thermal source opens new utilization ways, and the development and utilization for solar energy, geothermal energy and middle-low temperature heat provide new approaches.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to heat recovery technology fields, more particularly to a kind of dress for carrying out thermo-electric generation by memory metal
It sets.
Background technique
Based on water heater, geothermal energy application field is the application field of solar thermal utilization with hot spring and heating at this stage
It is main.These application fields must all be supplied in user side substantially, because the scattering losses of hot water energy supply long-distance sand transport are too
Greatly, and solar water and underground heat supply and use are difficult to exactly match, especially season using in the obvious situation of gap even more
In this way, the only Heating Season that for example heats has demand, remaining period does not have demand, then solar energy and geothermal heating system cannot answer whole year
With greatly reducing economy, properties of product and service life；The solar energy heating area that bathing requires is several in summer and winter difference
Times, other than solar radiation intensity difference, also difference is larger for the demand parameter of Various Seasonal, results in Summer and winter to solar energy
The requirement very different of total radiation.In contrast the energy loss that electric power transmits at a distance is small, and technology maturation, but now
For solar energy, geothermal energy hot water power generation aspect, it is contemplated that economy, transfer efficiency and the O&M of existing thermoelectric generation at
This problems such as, seldom lands.
Have in industry and commerce field and largely use heat demand, while there are a large amount of waste heats to generate.With increase and the ring for using energy per capita
The aggravation of border pollution, energy-saving and emission-reduction have become social consensus.It can be by cogeneration side for the high-temperature residual heat of huge discharge
Formula is utilized, and has been used widely；For low temperature exhaust heat, the lesser waste heat of discharge capacity, in addition to small part generates hot water
It is most of to be all wasted on the spot outside.In view of the Space mismatching of using energy source and output in most cases, waste heat
Power generation can be achieved on production of energy and use not in the effective way of same position, but low temperature exhaust heat, small displacement waste heat are sent out
The expensive low efficiency of electricity, this is the main reason for limitation cogeneration is using promoting.And during real production and living, it concentrates
Huge discharge waste heat shared by specific gravity it is little, the small displacement of dispersion, the accounting of middle-low temperature heat are most.
The estimation of 1 different temperatures saturated vapor generating efficiency of table
It is the generating efficiency estimation in saturated vapor and the larger situation of discharge capacity that table 1, which gives waste heat heat source under different temperatures,.
It is the types such as hot water, flue gas for waste heat, it is contemplated that the factors such as heat transfer temperature difference, pump work consumption, the hair in the case of same heat source temperature
Electrical efficiency substantially reduces.
As can be seen from Table 1,100 DEG C or less steam-electric power efficiency are lower than 10%, it is contemplated that most of waste heat heat source is heat
Water or gas, the presence of heat transfer temperature difference lead to the inefficient in 6% of the small thermo-electric generation of traditional huge discharge, the middle small displacement temperature difference
Using the factor because of itself power consumption, efficiency is lower, and economy and utilization rate of waste heat are lower.
The small thermo-electric generation ceiling capacity loss of tradition is that heat source is most of not by the calorific potential after working medium heating and gasifying
It can be utilized, and need additional power consumption of cooling, this is the principal element for limiting its thermoelectrical efficiency.The component of thermo-electric generation simultaneously
Quantity does not change with the variation of heat source discharge capacity and scale, and with the reduction of heat source scale, the power consumption ratio of its own structure is big
Amplitude increases.These factors cause at this stage small temperature difference waste heat, the utilization rate of middle small displacement waste heat it is very low, the mount of using heat is small on the spot
And the energy consumption of distal end transporting hot and at high cost, finding the efficiently small temperature difference and middle and small scale cogeneration mode becomes energy-saving and environment-friendly
Utilization rate of waste heat not only can be improved in the most important thing, suitable solution, reduces social energy consumption, and advantageously reduce
Thermal pollution to environment generates higher economic benefit, improves the efficiency of energy utilization of entire society, energy conservation and environmental protection benefit is significant.
The last century 70's occurs a kind of alloy with " memory " shape function in world's material science.Memory
Alloy is a kind of rather special metal strip, it is easily bent, we place it into the glass jar for containing hot water, metal strip
It washes away forward；It places it into cold water, metal strip has then restored original state.It is containing in the glass jar of cold water, is elongating a spring,
When spring is put into hot water, spring automatically collapses again.Spring has restored its original state in cold water, and in the hot water, then
Can shrink, spring can unlimited number be stretched and shrink, contraction is pulled open again.These are all by a kind of intelligence gold for having memory
Belong to and being made into, its microstructure there are two types of relatively steady state, at high temperature this alloy can be changed into it is any you think
The shape wanted, alloy can be stretched at a lower temperature, if but it is reheated, it can remember its original shape,
And it becomes again.This material is just called memory metal (memory metal).It is mainly nickel-titanium alloy material.For example, one
Helical form high temperature alloy, after high annealing, its shape is in spiral status.At room temperature, i.e., using very great strength handle
It is straightened by force, but as long as it is heated to certain " transformation temperature ", as what this root alloy seemingly remembered, immediately
It is restored to its original spiral.
Just with certain alloys, its crystal structure in solid-state is changed regular with temperature for this.For example, nickel-
Titanium alloy is different in 40 DEG C or more and 40 DEG C of crystal structures below, but when temperature changes about 40 DEG C, alloy will
Contraction or expansion, so that its form changes.Here, 40 DEG C be exactly Ni-Ti memorial alloy " transformation temperature ".Various conjunctions
Gold has the transformation temperature of oneself.The transformation temperature of that above-mentioned high temperature alloy is very high.At high temperature it be made into helical form and
In stable state.When it being straightened by force at room temperature, it but plays pendulum, therefore, as long as it is heated to become
State temperature, it just recovers immediately original spiral-shaped in stable state.
Memorial alloy is uniformly distributed due to being that different types of structural elements are mutually admixed, although the height of structural elements, electromagnetic force
It is of different sizes, but itself valence and operating are each accelerated, it is adjacent in a certain temperature conditions to live in peace with each other.By external force
Afterwards, the operating plane of interference of the electromagnetic force by external force, valence and electronics makes micro angle adjustment, and object generates plastic deformation,
In this plastic deformation, the operating of valence and electronics after partial adjustment is not unfolded.When temperature condition changes current price and electronics
Rate change therewith, when temperature, which is returned to, lives in peace with each other (transition temperature) condition unfolded, the operating of the valence and electronics do not unfolded
Rate at that time is responded immediately to, electromagnetic force changes therewith, makes that the valence of adjacent bonds constitutive element and operating also all corresponding
Adjustment, is all returned to original extended position, then whole object has also all been returned to original state.Here it is memories to close
The Memory Process of gold.
Memory alloy properties include: that amount of bow is big, plasticity is high；Shape before restoring more than memory temperature；When temperature reaches
When to a certain numerical value, the crystal structure of material internal can change, so as to cause the variation of shape.
Have both at home and abroad some about the patent to be generated electricity by memory metal and article, Ban Kesi heat engine is to test earlier
Machine, being born has larger impact to the memory metal power generation research in later period.Present memory metal generation mode mainly utilizes it
Cold thermogenetic contractility generates electricity after being converted by modes such as gear or levers, and the thinking of many memory metals power generation
Mode, practicable ways and the power consumption for not considering to heat cooling memory metal, do not have realization possibility substantially.
Summary of the invention
In view of the existing technical defect, a kind of thermo-electric generation is carried out by memory metal this invention address that providing
Low temperature heat energy is converted to electric energy, simplifies the process of thermo-electric generation, reduce energy loss, improves electric energy conversion efficiency by device.
To achieve the goals above, the technical solution adopted by the present invention is as follows.
A kind of device carrying out thermo-electric generation by memory metal, including heat source of hot water, low temperature cold source, blade, central axis
And generator, blade are installed vertically on central axis, center axis connection generator, and are located at heat source of hot water and low temperature cold source boundary
Place；
The blade made of memory metal is heated in heat source of hot water and then gradually deforms, and becomes stretching from contraction, thus
The motive force to heat source of hot water is generated, central axis rotation is driven under reaction force acts, and then drive electrical power generators；In heat
It is heated the blade of stretching, extension in hydro-thermal source, by extensional deformation is to be again introduced into hot water after shrinking after cooled into low temperature cold source
Heat source, constantly circulation are continuously generated electricity.
The present invention using memory metal amount of bow it is big, plasticity is high, can restore more than memory temperature before shape etc.
Feature converts mechanical energy by waterpower promotion for hot water thermal energy by the stretching, extension of blade, contraction, then converts electricity for mechanical energy
Can, reduce the maximum kinetic energy link of energy loss, improves energy conversion efficiency.Belong to a kind of small temperature difference and middle and small scale is new
The energy conservation and environmental protection of the energy and UTILIZATION OF VESIDUAL HEAT IN.The present apparatus overcomes the phase transformation of traditional thermo-electric generation, buckling process, avoids biography
Steam exhaust cannot utilize the low problem of the caused thermal efficiency during system thermo-electric generation, and to working medium, scale and sealing etc.
Rigors.The present invention is that small-scale small temperature difference thermal source opens new utilization ways, is solar energy, geothermal energy and middle low temperature
The development and utilization of waste heat provide new approaches.
Detailed description of the invention
Fig. 1 is sloping shaft hot water and cold air thermo-electric generation schematic top plan view；
Fig. 2 is sloping shaft hot water and cold air thermo-electric generation schematic side view；
Fig. 3 is sloping shaft and bending blade construction and variation schematic diagram；
Fig. 4 is vertical axis hot water and cold water thermo-electric generation schematic diagram；
Fig. 5 is the central axis and fan-shaped axis schematic diagram for having relative motion；
Fig. 6 is sloping shaft and has passage vanes structure and change schematic diagram；
Fig. 7 is three dimensional change vane extension schematic diagram；
Fig. 8 is three dimensional change blade bending schematic diagram.
Appended drawing reference:
1, heat source of hot water 2, low temperature cold source 3, elastic opening A 4, elastic opening B
21-26, the different leaves gradually deformed after cooling down to the cold
The different leaves gradually deformed after 31-36, waste heat heating
101, central axis 102, generator
41, fan-shaped axis 41-46, the blade in different temperature points
51, secondary bar 58, heat-conducting fins made of mobile jib 52-56, memorial alloy made of memorial alloy.
Specific embodiment
The technical solution in this patent embodiment is clearly and completely described with reference to the accompanying drawings and examples, is shown
So, described embodiment is only this patent a part of the embodiment, rather than whole embodiments.
Embodiment 1
As shown in Figure 1 and Figure 2.Cold source is the gases such as cold air at this time.
There is different distortion in high temperature and low temperature by the blade that memory metal manufactures, this blade becomes shrinking at low temperature, high
Become stretching under temperature.Contraction state blade 26 enters hot water section 1 by 3- elastic opening A, by hot water heating, is deformed into memory
Extended state, gradually stretching process such as blade 31, blade 32, blade 33, blade 34, blade 35, blade 36, in extensional deformation
In the process, hot water generates the resistance for being much larger than air, for relative vane the reaction of this resistance become waterpower push blade around
Central axis 101 rotates.It continues to rotate to 4- elastic opening B with turning to behind 36 state of blade and position and enters cold source section 2,
Blade by air is cooling turn cold after memory state to shrink, it is heated after air automatic float that lighten be discharged and drive following cold
Air rises, and effect is that can cool down to blade without power.Blade gradually tapers up process such as blade 26, blade 25, leaf
Piece 24, blade 23, blade 22, blade 21, because air drag is much smaller than resistance to water-flow, final result is this rotation band
Dynamic generator 102 generates electric power.
Embodiment 2
As shown in Figure 3.Cold source is the gases such as cold air at this time.
In view of hot water and the interlobate heat transfer coefficient of memory metal are far longer than gas and the interlobate biography of memory metal
Hot coefficient, therefore reduced space occupied by heat source, increase cold air heat exchange area and the blade quantity in cold air accounts for
Than.
The deformation of blade is bending and stretching, extension, and the deformation process of memory metal blade is short, therefore it pushes the work of waterpower
Firmly bigger, the generating effect that waterpower reaction pushes is more preferable.
Embodiment 3
As shown in Figure 4, Figure 5, cold source 2 is cold water or air, and central axis is placed.
The variation of hot water heating process blade level and embodiment 1 or embodiment 2 are same, and blade is formed by two sections, including even
The fan-shaped axis and deformable leaf for connecing central axis illustrate by taking one of fan-shaped week 41 and blade 23 as an example.Fan-shaped axis 41 can
To follow central axis 101 to rotate and move up and down relatively, the support member of axis lower part and the fan-shaped axis on top are to roll connection, when
When partition of the fan-shaped axis Jing Guo Cooling and Heat Source, lower support member has arc convex, and blade 23 is caused to have a common boundary turning to Cooling and Heat Source
It will be shifted up when face, and 3- elastic opening A and 4- the elastic opening B by leaving the water surface, hot and cold water avoided to mix, remaining position fan
Shape axis 41 is rotated in low level, is immersed in cold water or hot water, cooling/elevated temperature deformation, is pushed by waterpower and is generated power, and hair is driven
Motor 102 generates electricity.Corresponding one fan-shaped axis of other each blades, when fixed support member guarantees that each vanes cross Cooling and Heat Source
It moves up from hollow space and passes in and out Cooling and Heat Source.
Embodiment 4
As shown in fig. 6, cold source 2 is cold water.
The variation of hot water heating process blade level and embodiment 1 or embodiment 2 are same, and blade interior is hollow, central axis
To be hollow, and cold water can be flowed between portion central axes and blade, be cooled down to blade.When deformed blade
After producing from heat source side, the cold water of central axis flows into hollow blade and cools down to blade, cools to after deformation temperature point by stretching
Exhibition becomes being bent, and flows into central axis in the cold water entered in heat source side front vane, and the cold water of central axis is sealed in cold source pair
Position is answered, is not contacted with heat source.Into the blade of heat source side, the not heat absorption of cold water becomes stretching, by waterpower after heating up quickly
Push power generation and rotation.
Embodiment 5
As shown in fig. 7, cold source 2 is cold water or cold air.
Blade is similar with center spindle structure such as embodiment 3.Single blade after heat source side stretching, extension is as shown in Figure 7.Into
Behind cold source end, the deformation temperature point of the secondary bar 52,53,54,55,56 of single blade is higher, quickly deformable folding, and fin 58 is therefrom
Between close up, then proceed to cool to 51 deformation temperature point of mobile jib, so that mobile jib bending is as depicted in figure 8.Continue to move to heat source side liter
Mobile jib and secondary bar sequentially become stretching after temperature, and then push acting power generation and rotation by waterpower.The continuous deformation of multiple blades promotees
Make central axis continuous rotation and then continuously generates electricity.
Embodiments of the present invention above described embodiment only expresses, the description thereof is more specific and detailed, but can not
Therefore it is construed as limiting the scope of the patent.It should be pointed out that for those of ordinary skill in the art,
Under the premise of not departing from present inventive concept, various modifications and improvements can be made, and these are all within the scope of protection of the present invention.
Therefore, the scope of protection of the patent of the invention shall be subject to the appended claims.
Claims (7)
1. a kind of device for carrying out thermo-electric generation by memory metal, it is characterised in that:
Including heat source of hot water, low temperature cold source, blade, central axis and generator, blade is installed vertically on central axis, and central axis connects
Sending and receiving motor, and it is located at heat source of hot water and low temperature cold source boundary；
The blade made of memory metal is heated in heat source of hot water and then gradually deforms, and becomes stretching from contraction, to generate
To the motive force of heat source of hot water, central axis rotation is driven under reaction force acts, and then drives electrical power generators；In hot water thermal
The blade of stretching, extension is heated in source, into low temperature cold source, by extensional deformation to be again introduced into heat source of hot water after contraction after being cooled,
Constantly circulation is continuously generated electricity.
2. the device according to claim 1 for carrying out thermo-electric generation by memory metal, it is characterised in that:
Blade is all made of memory metal；
Or
Only frame is made blade of memory metal, remaining is separately fixed at the high thermal conductivity fin on frame for multistage, at this point, blade
The mobile jib and secondary bar of frame use different memorial alloys, and the deformation temperature point of secondary bar is higher than the deformation temperature point of mobile jib, multistage
High thermal conductivity fin is separately fixed in secondary bar, and the deformation of blade is bending and stretching, extension.
3. the device according to claim 2 for carrying out thermo-electric generation by memory metal, it is characterised in that:
Low temperature cold source is cold air or cold water.
4. the device according to claim 3 for carrying out thermo-electric generation by memory metal, it is characterised in that:
Heat source of hot water and low temperature cold source are in same container, and are separated by thermal-insulation baffle plate, and elasticity is arranged on thermal-insulation baffle plate and opens
Mouthful, so that blade passes through and prevents Cooling and Heat Source from mixing.
5. the device according to claim 4 for carrying out thermo-electric generation by memory metal, it is characterised in that:
Blade is first fixed on fan-shaped axis to be installed on center shaft again, and the central axis water surface is placed, and branch is equipped with below fan-shaped axis
Support part part, to roll connection between support member and fan-shaped axis, fan-shaped axis follows central axis rotation and moves up and down, when fan-shaped axis
When by thermal-insulation baffle plate, the arc-shaped protrusion of support member causes blade to move up in Cooling and Heat Source intersection, and from thermal-insulation baffle plate from
The elastic opening in boiled water face passes through, rear support member set back, fan-shaped axis band movable vane piece, which moves downward, gos deep into heat source of hot water
Or low temperature cold source.
6. the device according to claim 2 for carrying out thermo-electric generation by memory metal, it is characterised in that:
Inclined is placed, and the hot water water surface is left before so that blade is entered low temperature cold source.
7. the device according to claim 6 for carrying out thermo-electric generation by memory metal, it is characterised in that:
Low temperature cold source is cold water, is equipped with fluid channel inside blade and central axis, stream has cold water, the deformation of blade in fluid channel
It further include tilted upward variation other than stretching and shrinking；
When blade is produced from heat source of hot water into low temperature cold source, the cold water in central axis flows into blade and cools down to blade, leaf
When piece is produced from low temperature cold source into heat source of hot water, the cold water in blade flows back to central axis, and the cold water for flowing back to central axis is close
It is enclosed in low temperature cold source, it is contactless with heat source of hot water.
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| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
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| CN201910252533.1A CN109899258A (en) | 2019-03-29 | 2019-03-29 | The device of thermo-electric generation is carried out by memory metal |
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| CN201910252533.1A CN109899258A (en) | 2019-03-29 | 2019-03-29 | The device of thermo-electric generation is carried out by memory metal |
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Cited By (6)
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| CN110601025A (en) * | 2019-10-21 | 2019-12-20 | 朱蛟龙 | Power distribution cabinet |
| CN111942007A (en) * | 2020-08-24 | 2020-11-17 | 余秀朵 | Working method of self-cooling equipment for continuous pyrography |
| CN112060959A (en) * | 2020-09-15 | 2020-12-11 | 唐培钧 | Prevent overheated high-power electric pile that fills of mode from |
| CN112302765A (en) * | 2020-10-15 | 2021-02-02 | 绍兴宾果科技有限公司 | Multi-stage purification three-way catalytic robot complete machine with tail gas waste heat recovery function |
| CN112302766A (en) * | 2020-10-15 | 2021-02-02 | 绍兴宾果科技有限公司 | Three-way catalytic robot with tail gas energy recovery function |
| CN113251674A (en) * | 2021-04-19 | 2021-08-13 | 陈尚 | Withstand voltage explosion-proof environment-friendly solar heat exchange device |
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Application publication date: 20190618 |